CN1183732A - 具有防火性能的柔性装置 - Google Patents

具有防火性能的柔性装置 Download PDF

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CN1183732A
CN1183732A CN96193814A CN96193814A CN1183732A CN 1183732 A CN1183732 A CN 1183732A CN 96193814 A CN96193814 A CN 96193814A CN 96193814 A CN96193814 A CN 96193814A CN 1183732 A CN1183732 A CN 1183732A
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雅克·比罗
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Abstract

一种装置,包括由纤维和/或纺织和/或网格状的材料组成的复合体。根据本发明,在组成复合体的至少一个构层(5)内置有干燥的制品颗粒,后者含有在室温下具有物理和化学稳定性的分子,当温度升高时,分子发生吸热反应。该装置用于保护电缆走线槽。

Description

具有防火性能的柔性装置
本发明的目的是提供一种具有防火性能的柔性装置。
该装置力求确保对设备或仪器的元件的保护，以对付火灾情况下的热传递。
例如，该装置用于在比如由火灾引起的升温的情况下保护电缆走线槽内的电缆。事实上，在许多设施中，都需要能在火灾中保护输电电缆或其它通信电缆，尤其当这些电缆与主要安全系统相连时。
根据本发明的装置是一种柔性装置，以便尽可能完美地贴合被保护区域。该装置包括若干组成部分，尤其有至少一层例如由陶瓷棉组成的纤维材料，可能还有至少一层保护织物。各组成部分通过胶或中间胶粘剂结合起来。
已知的该种装置可以搀和有水分子，通过在热的作用下蒸发而吸收热能，从而延迟温度的升高从装置的朝向火的表面向冷的那一面的传递。
不过，在传统的装置中，随时间流逝，防火性能是不稳定的，尤其是因为装置的与环境相联系的自然脱水作用，特别是在特定场所或设备的炎热环境下，如在核反应堆、锅炉或在精炼厂中。在这些环境下，保护装置逐渐脱水，从而限制了其效果。
目前，像陶瓷纤维这样的基层是通过在约2000-2300℃的特别高的温度下熔炼而得，这种高温阻止了水的任何形式的自然存在。
申请人的法国专利2701850涉及了一种装置，其中，各种构层、比如纤维或织物材料是通过一种耐热胶结合在一起的。该种胶含有若干种组分和/或活性添加剂，它们含有化合水，后者在低于80℃时是稳定的。利用化合水的好处是水分子不是处于自由态，在正常的升温作用下不会蒸发，蒸发的唯一可能性在于伴随着含化合水的分子的分解而产生的强烈升温。
这一解决方案非常好，因为它确保防火装置在其老化时仍有好的稳定性。
但是，所述胶也含有非化合水，就这一部分水而言，会随着产品的陈旧而蒸发掉。
本发明的目的就是要提供一种具有防火性能的柔性装置，其厚度缩小了，而其时间稳定性更佳。
为此，本发明所涉及的装置包括由纤维质和/或纺织和/或网格状的材料所组成的一复合体，其特征在于，在组成复合体的至少一个构层内置有干燥的制品颗粒，后者含有在室温下具有物理和化学稳定性的分子，但当温度升高时，所述分子就发生吸热反应。
发生吸热反应的分子在没有事先放入水溶液的情况下散布于组成复合体的至少一个构层的主体内。这些分子呈粉末状，其颗粒直接置入组成复合体的至少一个构层内，而没有与含水的、会因老化而脱水的支撑物相联系。所述装置的稳定性因此得到了保证，随时间流逝不会损失任何功效。
有利的是，这种装置包括多种发生吸热反应的分子，以确保在各种温度下都有水的保留，直到高于200℃以上的温度。
该特点可使得在各个温度均有吸热反应发生，从而有助于延迟热量从装置的热面向其冷面的传递。
发生吸热反应的分子向复合体内的置入可以有各种不同的方式。
第一种可能的方式是，发生吸热反应的分子置于复合体的各构层之间。
另一种可能的方式是，在一个构层是纺织的或是网格状的情况下，发生吸热反应的分子置入对应于构层网眼的间隙内。
另一有利的可能方式是，在一个构层是由纤维层组成的情况下，发生吸热反应的分子被置入纤维层内，杂于纤维之间。
为了使发生吸热反应的分子分布均匀，将它们通过“针刺植绒”技术植入纤维层内。
向纤维层、例如陶瓷纤维层内针刺植入所述分子，还可以同时缩小该纤维层的厚度，这就带来了一个好处，当该装置用于包裹形状复杂的元件时，不允许太大的材料厚度。按照一种可能性，在该装置包括若干叠合在一起的纤维层的情况下，针刺植入操作是同时穿过各纤维层而完成的。
按照第一种实施方式，发生吸热反应的分子含有化合水。
含化合水的分子最好是金属氧化物的水合物或非金属氧化物的水合物，例如三水氧化铝A12O3·3H2O。
按照另一种实施方式，发生吸热反应的分子由重金属、例如铅或汞组成。
根据本发明的另一特征，至少某些组成复合体的构层由一种防火胶结合起来，该种胶本身含有化合水。
应当注意，用于复合体若干构层的连接的胶的量可能少于在专利2701850中所用的量，而同时又有更好的时间稳定性和更高的耐火性能。
借助下面参照附图的该装置一种非限制性实施方式的描述将有助于理解本发明，附图中：
图1是根据本发明的用于保护电缆走线槽的一个装置的局部拆开的立体图。
图2是一层纤维材料的示意剖视图。
图3是示出为在一纤维材料层中植入发生吸热反应的分子而对其进行加工的立体图。
图4是一个曲线图，示出三种防火装置当一面在同样的升温下、其冷的一侧的温度的变化。
图1示出两个电缆走线槽2，分别引导和支承一定数量的电缆3。这两个叠加在一起的电缆走线槽由一防火保护装置包裹，该保护装置可耐1小时30分钟的火灾而保证不损伤电缆。该装置包括由织物4覆盖的内表面和外表面。所述织物例如是一种外表面经过硅酮织物整理的玻璃棉织物。
在内外两个保护层表面之间置有两层纤维材料。每一层纤维材料由例如碱土硅酸盐的无定形可溶解的人造纤维组成。每一纤维层的厚度大约为35-40毫米，其密度在130千克每立方米左右。
纤维材料层5和织物层4各构层由一种耐热胶6结合在一起，该胶具有在80℃以下稳定的含化合水的成分。这种胶直到1300℃左右都具有稳定性。
根据本发明的主要特征，每一纤维材料层5在其厚度内含有在80℃以下稳定的分子，后者是从金属氧化物的水化物中选择的，含有化合水。
图3示出一正在植入制品颗粒7的纤维材料层5，植入操作采用“针刺植入”技术，借助一个由往复运动推动、并装有一系列针9的框架8进行。
图4示出被同样加热的三种防火装置的冷侧的温度变化情况。图中三条曲线是按IS0834标准绘制的。
曲线A表示两个如前面所描述的纤维层5一样的纤维层简单地叠加在一起而不用胶粘时，温度随时间的变化情况。
曲线B表示同样的两纤维层由含有带化合水成分的胶粘在一起时，温度随时间的变化。
曲线C表示两纤维层在其厚度内散布有含化合水的分子7时，温度随时间的变化情况。这种情况下，纤维层5的厚度是前述曲线B的纤维层的厚度的四分之三。两纤维层由前面使用的同样的胶粘在一起，但用量减少了一半。尽管胶用量减少了，纤维材料层的厚度也减小了，但由于耐热持久性增长了，特性曲线得到了明显改善。
由此可见，本发明通过提供一种结构简单、性能提高、时间稳定性非常优越的防火柔性装置而大大改进了现有技术。
不言而喻，本发明并不局限于前面作为例子描述的实施方式，相反，它包括其它任何变型。特别是，纤维材料层的数量可以不同，复合体也可以含有其它类型的发生吸热反应的分子，比如铅和汞，发生吸热反应的分子可以直接植入两纤维层之间，装置可以不带织物保护层，当然也可以带有其它的中间组成部分，比如网状结构的材料，所有这些均不超出本发明的范畴。

Claims (10)

1.具有防火性能的柔性装置，包括由纤维和/或纺织和/或网格状的材料所组成的一复合体，其特征在于，在组成复合体的至少一个构层(5)内置入有干燥的制品颗粒，后者含有在室温下具有物理和化学稳定性、但在温度升高时发生吸热反应的分子。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，它含有若干种类型的分子，在不同的温度下发生吸热反应，直到高于200℃以上的温度。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发生吸热反应的分子置于所述复合体的不同构层之间。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，在一个构层是纺织的或是网格状的情况下，所述发生吸热反应的分子置入对应构层网眼的间隙内。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，在一个构层是由纤维层(5)组成的情况下，所述发生吸热反应的分子(7)置入所述纤维层内，杂于纤维之间。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发生吸热反应的分子(7)通过针刺植入技术(8，9)置入所述纤维层内。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，在它包括若干叠合在一起的纤维层的情况下，所述针刺植入操作同时穿过各纤维层而完成。
8.如权利要求l至7之一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发生吸热反应的分子含有化合水。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述含化合水的分子是金属氧化物的水合物或非金属氧化物的水合物，例如三水氧化铝Al2O3·3H2O。
1O.如权利要求1至7之一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发生吸热反应的分子由重金属、例如铅或汞组成。
CN96193814A 1995-04-11 1996-04-11 具有防火性能的柔性装置 Expired - Lifetime CN1105587C (zh)

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FR9504611A FR2732897B1 (fr) 1995-04-11 1995-04-11 Dispositif souple ayant des proprietes coupe-feu

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AT (1) ATE190854T1 (zh)
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CN105113652A (zh) * 2015-09-16 2015-12-02 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 一种柔性钢结构拉索防火保护构造

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FR2973252B1 (fr) * 2011-04-01 2013-11-01 Soletanche Freyssinet Revetement de protecton anti-feu et procede d'application
GB201201626D0 (en) 2012-01-31 2012-03-14 Airbus Operations Ltd Electrical cable protector
EP3246379A1 (fr) 2016-05-17 2017-11-22 Compart Piece souple a proprietes coupe-feu
EP4006402B1 (fr) 2020-11-26 2024-09-18 Soletanche Freyssinet Revetement de protection au feu

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103227436A (zh) * 2012-01-31 2013-07-31 空中客车运营有限公司 飞机电缆管道
CN105113652A (zh) * 2015-09-16 2015-12-02 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 一种柔性钢结构拉索防火保护构造

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ZA962855B (en) 1996-07-30
DE69607335T2 (de) 2000-12-14
FR2732897B1 (fr) 1997-07-04
EP0820326B1 (fr) 2000-03-22
JP3949718B2 (ja) 2007-07-25
TW422875B (en) 2001-02-21
CN1105587C (zh) 2003-04-16
ES2145443T3 (es) 2000-07-01
US6147015A (en) 2000-11-14
ATE190854T1 (de) 2000-04-15
EP0820326A1 (fr) 1998-01-28
JPH11508778A (ja) 1999-08-03
WO1996032161A1 (fr) 1996-10-17
FR2732897A1 (fr) 1996-10-18
KR19980703808A (ko) 1998-12-05
KR100414586B1 (ko) 2004-05-20
DE69607335D1 (de) 2000-04-27

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