CN118371739B - Bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle - Google Patents

Bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118371739B
CN118371739B CN202410799518.XA CN202410799518A CN118371739B CN 118371739 B CN118371739 B CN 118371739B CN 202410799518 A CN202410799518 A CN 202410799518A CN 118371739 B CN118371739 B CN 118371739B
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sleeve
plate
water flow
cooling
channel
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CN118371739A (en
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王建南
黄丽萍
王璐颖
曹洲
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Changzhou Changlong Motor Co ltd
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Changzhou Changlong Motor Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of motorized spindles, in particular to a bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle, which comprises the following components: the outer shaft sleeve, the rotor and the main shaft; the two ends of the outer sleeve are fixedly connected with a pair of bearing seats, the main shaft is rotationally connected with the bearing seats through bearings, and the two ends of the outer sleeve are fixedly connected with a pair of compression seats; a ring-shaped water flow channel is arranged in the outer shaft sleeve along the length direction of the outer shaft sleeve, a spiral drainage plate is arranged in the water flow channel, and a spiral partition plate matched with the drainage plate is arranged in the water flow channel; a first cooling channel and a second cooling channel which are isolated from each other in a spiral shape are respectively formed between the partition plate and the drainage plate, and water flows in the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel in a spiral shape; according to the invention, when the rotating speed of the main shaft is higher, water flow can flow in the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel simultaneously, and the double cooling channels are opened, so that the contact area of the water flow and the shaft sleeve is increased, and the problem of poor cooling effect of the electric main shaft is solved.

Description

Bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motorized spindles, in particular to a bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle.
Background
The strong demand of the manufacturing industry for high-speed and high-precision machining also promotes the development of the electric spindle, and brings new technical problems to the high-speed electric spindle, wherein the problem of heat dissipation of the electric spindle becomes one of the hot problems of research. The friction heating of the high-speed motorized spindle bearing and the built-in motor loss heating are unavoidable, the bearing heating is mainly the friction heating between the bearing rolling body and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, the built-in motor loss heating is mainly the stator winding copper loss and the rotor iron loss heating, the heat generated by the rotor iron loss accounts for 1/3 of the motor loss heating value, and if the heat generated by the high-speed motorized spindle during working cannot be timely emitted, the accumulated heat can change the thermodynamic performance among the motor, the bearing and related elements, so that the spindle generates serious thermal deformation, and the processing precision of the high-speed machine tool is reduced.
The existing cooling mode of the electric spindle is generally provided with a water flow through hole on the upper surface of the shaft sleeve, the electric spindle is cooled when water flows through the through hole, but the cooling mode is generally short in cooling effect, the taken heat is limited when water flows through the shaft sleeve, the higher the rotating speed of the electric spindle is, the higher the temperature is, the cooling effect of the existing cooling mode on the electric spindle is fixed, and the cooling mode cannot meet the cooling requirement of the electric spindle on the high rotating speed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, which improves the cooling effect of an external shaft sleeve and overcomes the defects of the cooling effect of the electric spindle in the prior art by arranging the first cooling channel and the double cooling of the cooling channel, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows, and the bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle provided by the invention comprises the following components: the outer shaft sleeve, the rotor and the main shaft; the two ends of the outer sleeve are fixedly connected with a pair of bearing seats, the main shaft is rotationally connected with the bearing seats through bearings, and the two ends of the outer sleeve are fixedly connected with a pair of pressing seats for limiting the bearing seats; the outer sleeve is internally provided with a circular water flow channel along the length direction, a spiral drainage plate is arranged in the water flow channel, and a spiral partition board matched with the drainage plate is arranged in the water flow channel; the baffle forms heliciform first cooling channel and the second cooling channel of mutual isolation between baffle and the drainage board respectively, and rivers are the heliciform flow through being in first cooling channel and second cooling channel, cool down outer axle sleeve.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the baffle is provided with a plurality of valve holes along the length direction of the baffle, the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel are communicated through the valve holes, and movable valve blocks are connected to the valve holes and used for controlling the opening and closing of the valve holes.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a movable sleeve plate in a ring shape is connected in the water flow channel, wherein the sleeve plate can automatically move by sensing the temperature of the outer shaft sleeve, the inner wall of the sleeve plate is contacted with the surfaces of the partition plate and the drainage plate, and the valve block is fixedly connected with the sleeve plate through a bracket.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, one end of the outer sleeve is provided with a containing groove, a movable pushing plate is connected in the containing groove, the pushing plate is fixedly connected with the sleeve plate, a thermal expansion layer is filled in the containing groove, the thermal expansion layer expands in volume after being heated to drive the pushing plate to move, and a reset spring is connected between the pushing plate and the inner wall of the containing groove.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, one end of the outer sleeve is provided with an annular channel which is communicated with the water flow channel through a through hole, the annular channel is provided with a water inlet, and the tail end of the water flow channel is provided with a water outlet.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, one end of the outer shaft sleeve is connected with a sealing shell, a plurality of rotating rods are rotationally connected in the sealing shell, the rotating rods are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing shell, driving wheels are fixedly connected to a main shaft and are arranged in the sealing shell, driven wheels matched with the driving wheels are fixedly connected to the rotating rods, and the driven wheels and the rotating rods are driven to rotate together when the driving wheels rotate.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, one end of the rotating rod extends into the through hole, the rotating rod is in sealed rotating connection with the outer sleeve, and one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with turbine blades for conveying water in the annular channel into the water flow channel.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the sealing shell is internally provided with the sound attenuation plate, and the sound attenuation plate adopts a porous foam plate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. According to the invention, the spiral partition plate matched with the drainage plate is arranged in the water flow channel, the partition plate divides the water flow channel into the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel, the valve hole is arranged between the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel, when the rotating speed of the main shaft is not high, the valve hole is in a closed state, and water flows through the first cooling channel to cool the main shaft, so that water resources are saved; when the main shaft rotational speed is higher, outer sleeve temperature rise, thermal expansion layer thermal expansion drives the sleeve plate and valve piece and removes, opens the valve opening for the rivers can flow in first cooling channel and second cooling channel simultaneously, have improved the area of contact of rivers and axle sleeve, and then have improved the cooling effect to the main shaft.
2. According to the invention, the main shaft rotates to drive the driving wheel to rotate, and the driving wheel drives the rotating rod and the turbine blades to rotate when rotating, so that water flow is conveyed into the water flow channel, the higher the rotating speed of the main shaft is, the faster the water flow speed is, the better the cooling effect on the main shaft is, and the problem of temperature rise of the main shaft at high rotating speed is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view at C in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view at D in fig. 2.
In the figure: 1. an outer sleeve; 2. a compressing seat; 3. a sealed housing; 4. a bearing seat; 5. a rotor; 6. a main shaft; 7. a driving wheel; 8. a rotating lever; 9. driven wheel; 10. a muffler plate; 11. an annular channel; 12. a turbine blade; 13. a through hole; 14. a water inlet; 15. a drainage plate; 16. a water flow channel; 17. a partition plate; 18. a valve hole; 19. a valve block; 20. a bracket; 21. a sleeve plate; 22. a first cooling channel; 23. a second cooling channel; 24. a water outlet; 25. a push plate; 26. a receiving groove; 27. a return spring; 28. a thermally expansive layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Embodiment one: the embodiment discloses a bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle, as shown in fig. 1-6, comprising: an outer sleeve 1, a rotor 5 and a main shaft 6; the two ends of the outer shaft sleeve 1 are fixedly connected with a pair of bearing blocks 4, the main shaft 6 is rotationally connected with the bearing blocks 4 through bearings, and the two ends of the outer shaft sleeve 1 are fixedly connected with a pair of compression seats 2 for limiting the bearing blocks 4.
As shown in fig. 5-6, the outer sleeve 1 is internally provided with a circular water flow channel 16 along the length direction thereof, the water flow channel 16 is internally provided with a spiral drainage plate 15, and water flows through the water flow channel 16 in a spiral manner through the drainage plate 15, so that the contact time between the water flow and the outer sleeve 1 is increased, and the cooling effect of unit water quantity on the electric spindle is improved; a spiral partition plate 17 matched with the drainage plate 15 is arranged in the water flow channel 16; a first cooling channel 22 and a second cooling channel 23 which are isolated from each other in a spiral shape are respectively formed between the partition plate 17 and the drainage plate 15, the first cooling channel 22 is arranged at the left side of the second cooling channel 23, and water flows in the first cooling channel 22 and the second cooling channel 23 in a spiral shape to cool the outer shaft sleeve 1; the baffle 17 is provided with a plurality of valve holes 18 along the length direction, the first cooling channel 22 and the second cooling channel 23 are communicated through the valve holes 18, the valve holes 18 are connected with movable valve blocks 19 for controlling the opening and closing of the valve holes 18, the opening degree of the valve holes 18 can be controlled when the valve blocks 19 move, when the temperature of the outer sleeve 1 is not high, the valve holes 18 are in a closed state, and water flow paper flows through the first cooling channel 22, so that water flow resources are saved; when the temperature of the outer sleeve 1 is higher, the valve hole 18 is opened, and water flows into the second cooling channel 23 through the valve hole 18, so that the first cooling channel 22 and the second cooling channel 23 flow water simultaneously, and the cooling rate of the outer sleeve 1 is improved.
Further, a movable sleeve plate 21 in a ring shape is connected in the water flow channel 16, the sleeve plate 21 is attached to the inner wall of the water flow channel 16, wherein the sleeve plate 21 can automatically move by sensing the temperature of the outer shaft sleeve 1, the inner wall of the sleeve plate 21 is contacted with the surfaces of the partition plate 17 and the drainage plate 15 to form a seal, the valve block 19 is fixedly connected with the sleeve plate 21 through the bracket 20, and the valve block 19 is driven to move when the sleeve plate 21 moves to control the opening and closing of the valve hole 18; one end of the outer shaft sleeve 1 is provided with a containing groove 26, a movable pushing plate 25 is connected in the containing groove 26, the pushing plate 25 is fixedly connected with the sleeve plate 21, a thermal expansion layer 28 is filled in the containing groove 26, the thermal expansion layer 28 expands in volume after being heated to drive the pushing plate 25 to move, and the thermal expansion layer 28 adopts a material with a higher thermal expansion coefficient, such as expanded graphite and carbon fiber reinforced composite material; and a reset spring 27 is connected between the push plate 25 and the inner wall of the accommodating groove 26, the reset spring 27 has a reset function on the push plate 25, and when the push plate 25 resets, the valve block 19 closes the valve hole 18.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps: when water passes through the water flow channel 16, when the rotating speed of the motorized spindle is not high, the water flows only in the first cooling channel 22, and the outer shaft sleeve 1 and the spindle 6 are cooled in the flowing process; when the rotation speed of the main shaft 6 is increased, the temperature of the outer sleeve 1 is increased, the thermal expansion layer 28 expands in volume after being heated, the push plate 25 is pushed to move, the sleeve plate 21 and the valve block 19 are driven to move, the valve block 19 moves and then opens the valve hole 18, water in the first cooling channel 22 flows into the second cooling channel 23, double cooling channels are opened, the contact area between water flow and the outer sleeve 1 is increased, the cooling rate of the outer sleeve 1 and the main shaft 6 is increased, and the normal operation of the electric main shaft is ensured.
Embodiment two: the structure based on the first embodiment is different in that, as shown in fig. 3-4, one end of the outer shaft sleeve 1 is provided with an annular channel 11, the annular channel 11 is communicated with a water flow channel 16 through a through hole 13, the annular channel 11 is provided with a water inlet 14, the water inlet 14 is connected with an external water pipe, water enters the annular channel 11 after passing through the water inlet 14, water in the annular channel 11 enters a first cooling channel 22 through the through hole 13, the tail end of the water flow channel 16 is provided with a water outlet 24, the water after heat exchange finally comes out from the water outlet 24, one end of the outer shaft sleeve 1 is connected with a sealing shell 3, a plurality of rotating rods 8 are rotationally connected in the sealing shell 3, the number of the rotating rods 8 is 3-4, the rotating rods 8 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing shell 3, and a driving wheel 7 is fixedly connected on a main shaft 6, the driving wheel 7 is arranged in the sealed shell 3, the driving wheel 9 matched with the driving wheel 7 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 8, the driving wheel 7 is in surface contact with the driving wheel 9, the driving wheel 9 and the rotating rod 8 are driven to rotate together when the driving wheel 7 rotates, one end of the rotating rod 8 extends into the through hole 13, the rotating rod 8 is connected with the outer sleeve 1 in a sealing rotating manner, one end of the rotating rod 8 is fixedly connected with the turbine blade 12, the turbine blade 12 is driven to rotate when the rotating rod 8 rotates, water in the annular channel 11 is conveyed into the water flow channel 16 and then enters the first cooling channel 22, and through the design of the turbine blade 12 and the rotating rod 8, when the rotating speed of the main shaft 6 is increased, the rotating speed of the turbine blade 12 is also increased, and the water flow speed and the water flow are increased so as to meet the water flow of the double cooling channels.
Further, a noise reduction plate 10 is installed in the sealing shell 3, the noise reduction plate 10 is a porous foam plate, and noise caused by rotation of the driving wheel 7 and the driven wheel 9 is reduced through the noise reduction plate 10.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps: the water flow enters the annular channel 11 through the water inlet 14 and then enters the water flow channel 16 through the through hole 13; wherein, drive wheel 7 rotation when main shaft 6 rotates, drive dwang 8 and follow driving wheel 9 rotation when drive wheel 7 rotates, drive turbine blade 12 rotation when dwang 8 rotates, carry the water in the annular channel 11 fast to in the rivers channel 16, and when main shaft 6 rotational speed increases, outer axle sleeve 1 temperature rise, after first cooling channel 22 and second cooling channel 23 open simultaneously, drive turbine blade 12 rotational speed through the rise of main shaft 6 rotational speed and improve, and then the rate of delivery to rivers, thereby satisfy the discharge of double cooling channel, outer axle sleeve 1 and main shaft 6's cooling efficiency of cooling has been improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A bearing cooled permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle, comprising:
an outer shaft sleeve (1), a rotor (5) and a main shaft (6);
The two ends of the outer sleeve (1) are fixedly connected with a pair of bearing seats (4), the main shaft (6) is rotationally connected with the bearing seats (4) through bearings, and the two ends of the outer sleeve (1) are fixedly connected with a pair of compression seats (2) for limiting the bearing seats (4);
A circular water flow channel (16) is arranged in the outer sleeve (1) along the length direction of the outer sleeve, a spiral drainage plate (15) is arranged in the water flow channel (16), and a spiral partition plate (17) matched with the drainage plate (15) is arranged in the water flow channel (16);
A first cooling channel (22) and a second cooling channel (23) which are isolated from each other in a spiral shape are respectively formed between the partition plate (17) and the drainage plate (15), and when water flows in the first cooling channel (22) and the second cooling channel (23) in a spiral shape, the water flow cools the outer shaft sleeve (1) and the main shaft (6);
The partition plate (17) is provided with a plurality of valve holes (18) along the length direction, the first cooling channels (22) are communicated with the second cooling channels (23) through the valve holes (18), and movable valve blocks (19) are connected to the valve holes (18) and used for controlling the opening and closing of the valve holes (18);
the water flow channel (16) is connected with a movable sleeve plate (21) in an annular shape, wherein the sleeve plate (21) can automatically move through sensing the temperature of the outer shaft sleeve (1), the inner wall of the sleeve plate (21) is in contact with the surfaces of the partition plate (17) and the drainage plate (15), and the valve block (19) is fixedly connected with the sleeve plate (21) through the bracket (20);
One end of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with a containing groove (26), a movable pushing plate (25) is connected in the containing groove (26), the pushing plate (25) is fixedly connected with the sleeve plate (21), a thermal expansion layer (28) is filled in the containing groove (26), the thermal expansion layer (28) expands in volume after being heated, the pushing plate (25) is driven to move, and a reset spring (27) is connected between the pushing plate (25) and the inner wall of the containing groove (26).
2. The bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle according to claim 1, wherein one end of the outer spindle sleeve (1) is provided with an annular channel (11), the annular channel (11) is communicated with a water flow channel (16) through a through hole (13), the annular channel (11) is provided with a water inlet (14), and the tail end of the water flow channel (16) is provided with a water outlet (24).
3. The bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle according to claim 2, wherein one end of the outer spindle sleeve (1) is connected with a sealing shell (3), a plurality of rotating rods (8) are rotationally connected to the sealing shell (3), the rotating rods (8) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing shell (3), driving wheels (7) are fixedly connected to the spindle (6), the driving wheels (7) are arranged in the sealing shell (3), driven wheels (9) matched with the driving wheels (7) are fixedly connected to the rotating rods (8), and the driven wheels (9) and the rotating rods (8) are driven to jointly rotate when the driving wheels (7) rotate.
4. A bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that one end of the rotating rod (8) extends into the through hole (13), the rotating rod (8) is in sealed rotating connection with the outer hub (1), and one end of the rotating rod (8) is fixedly connected with the turbine blade (12) for conveying water in the annular channel (11) into the water flow channel (16).
5. The bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle according to claim 4, wherein a sound attenuation plate (10) is arranged in the sealing shell (3), and the sound attenuation plate (10) is a porous foam plate.
CN202410799518.XA 2024-06-20 2024-06-20 Bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle Active CN118371739B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410799518.XA CN118371739B (en) 2024-06-20 2024-06-20 Bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle

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CN202410799518.XA CN118371739B (en) 2024-06-20 2024-06-20 Bearing cooling permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle

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CN118371739B true CN118371739B (en) 2024-08-30

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Citations (1)

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DE102009011336A1 (en) * 2009-03-05 2010-09-09 Bielomatik Leuze Gmbh + Co Kg Lance unit and spindle with such
JP6484960B2 (en) * 2014-02-28 2019-03-20 日本精工株式会社 Spindle device
CN105945308B (en) * 2016-06-17 2018-01-12 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 A kind of air floated high speed electric mandrel
CN107199352A (en) * 2017-07-24 2017-09-26 东莞市科隆实业有限公司 The air-flotation electric spindle of high stability
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CN111408744A (en) * 2020-05-15 2020-07-14 东莞市显隆电机有限公司 Knife handle type air-float high-speed electric spindle

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