CN118311030A - Marine plankton imager based on digital holography and data processing method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager and a data processing method, comprising the following steps: a light source compartment and a data compartment; an imaging area is arranged between the light source cabin and the data cabin; the light source compartment comprises: the laser comprises a laser, a beam splitting prism arranged at the output end of the laser, and a first light path and a second light path which are arranged at the rear side of the beam splitting prism; the first optical path includes: the first beam expander, the first collimating lens and the first optical window are coaxially arranged in sequence; the second optical path includes: the reflecting mirror, the second beam expander, the second collimating lens and the second optical window are coaxially arranged in sequence. According to the invention, the light emitted by the light source is divided into the first light path and the second light path through the light splitting light path, so that holographic microscopic imaging of micro-scale plankton is realized, large-view field holographic imaging of the micro-scale plankton is realized, a neural network is arranged in the data cabin, the neural network is based on an automatic classification counting algorithm of a deep learning algorithm, and the output result is directly the type and the corresponding number of the plankton.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater in-situ micro-scale biological monitoring instruments, in particular to a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager and a data processing method.
Background
Plankton, a vital component of the marine ecosystem, play a vital role in maintaining the marine food chain, mass circulation, and energy transfer. These tiny organisms, while indiscernible to the naked eye, play a vital role in the health and stability of the entire marine ecosystem. Therefore, the intensive research on plankton is not only helpful for understanding the distribution and utilization of ocean resources, but also reveals the level of biodiversity and the influence of climate change on the ocean ecosystem.
However, in the case of data acquisition of marine plankton, the limitation of image resolution, field of view and imaging depth of field is imposed on the plankton acquired by the optical imaging method, and thus, micro-sized plankton, small-sized plankton, millimeter-sized middle-sized plankton and centimeter-sized large-sized plankton cannot be acquired at the same time.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager and a data processing method to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager and a data processing method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager comprising: a light source compartment and a data compartment; an imaging area is arranged between the light source cabin and the data cabin;
The light source compartment comprises: the laser comprises a laser, a beam splitting prism arranged at the output end of the laser, and a first light path and a second light path arranged at the rear side of the beam splitting prism; the first optical path includes: the first beam expander, the first collimating lens and the first optical window are coaxially arranged in sequence; the second optical path includes: the reflecting mirror, the second beam expander, the second collimating lens and the second optical window are coaxially arranged in sequence;
the data pod comprises: the system comprises a plurality of industrial cameras, a microscope objective lens, a telecentric lens, a digital holographic system and an embedded processor, wherein the microscope objective lens and the telecentric lens are respectively arranged at the front ends of the industrial cameras; the microscope objective is arranged towards the first optical window; the telecentric lens is arranged towards the second optical window;
The embedded processor includes: the system comprises a data transmission module, a database and a target detection module; transmitting the imaging images to the database for storage by the industrial cameras through the data transmission module;
The target detection module is carried with a neural network, analyzes the imaging diagram in the database, identifies and counts the types and the number of plankton, and outputs a statistical result.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of submarine cable connectors are disposed at the rear end of the data cabin, wherein one submarine cable connector is used for connecting an underwater docking platform or a user host computer, and transmitting the statistics result to the underwater docking platform or the user host computer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the other submarine cable connector is connected to the light source module, and transmits the electric energy decompressed in the data module to the laser in the light source module.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the digital holographic system is a coaxial hologram and the submarine cable connector is used to power the digital holographic system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the laser light emitted by the laser is split into transmitted light and reflected light by the beam splitting prism, the transmitted light faces the first beam expander, and the reflected light faces the second beam expander; the ratio of the transmitted light energy to the reflected light energy is 1:1 to 50.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the statistics are automatically sent out in the form of characters based on the RS232 communication standard.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microscope objective corresponds to the industrial camera parameters: the resolution of the pixel is 0.5-2 um, and the visual field is 2-36 mm 2; the telecentric lens corresponds to the industrial camera parameters: the resolution of the pixel is 5-20 um, and the visual field is 200-3600 mm 2.
A data processing method of a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager, comprising the following steps:
S1, after the laser emitted by the laser is modulated by a first optical path and a second optical path, respectively emitting from two optical windows and illuminating plankton in an imaging area;
S2, in an imaging area, light scattered or diffracted by plankton in sea water interferes with light beams which do not pass through plankton, a hologram generated after interference is imaged by a micro objective lens or a telecentric lens in a data cabin, imaged in an industrial camera behind the micro objective lens or the telecentric lens, and the imaging image is transmitted to a database;
s3-1, saving a working mode of an imaging chart: the imaging image is stored in a database, the stored imaging image is transmitted to a target detection module for processing, and the statistical result of plankton is output and stored as a local document in the database;
S3-2, working modes of the imaging image are not saved: the imaging image is temporarily stored in a database, the imaging image is transmitted to a target detection module for processing, the statistical result of plankton is output and stored as a local document in the database, and meanwhile, the statistical result is sent to an underwater connection platform or an upper computer through a serial port of an instrument.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3-1, the location and the category of the plankton detected by the target detection module are marked on the imaging chart, and the imaging chart is replaced with the original imaging chart for storage.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the statistics output by the S3-2 is uploaded to a server through a wireless network.
The invention solves the defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager, which is based on hardware structural design, light emitted by a light source is divided into a first light path and a second light path through a light splitting light path, holographic microscopic imaging of micro-scale plankton is respectively realized, large-view field holographic imaging of the micro-scale plankton is realized, a neural network is arranged in a data cabin, the neural network is based on an automatic classification counting algorithm of a deep learning algorithm, an output result is directly the type and the corresponding number of the plankton, and the practical problems of low transmission efficiency, poor data safety, limited storage capacity, data delay and the like of data transmission among marine in-situ instruments are solved.
(2) According to the invention, based on the design of double light paths, a microscope objective lens and an industrial camera with pixel resolution of 0.5-2 um and a field of view of 2-36 mm 2 are respectively corresponding to a telecentric lens and an industrial camera with pixel resolution of 5-20 um and a field of view of 200-3600 mm 2, so that the type information of full-scale plankton can be obtained simultaneously in the same time, the type information of micro-scale plankton and the high-resolution detailed information of plankton appearance can be obtained based on the light path of a holographic microscopic part, the type and the quantity of large-scale plankton can be obtained based on the holographic imaging light path of a large-field telecentric imaging part, and the full-scale observation of the marine plankton from micron level to centimeter level can be realized by combining two imaging units, so that the type and quantity information of plankton in the marine environment can be further analyzed.
(3) According to the invention, the embedded processor is arranged in the data cabin, so that the processing of plankton image data is completed in the instrument, the plankton image data is directly converted into the type and corresponding number of plankton character string data by using the target detection module based on deep learning, and the data volume uploaded from the sensor to the server or the connection platform is greatly compressed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art;
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a digital holographic-based marine plankton imager according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
In the figure: 100. a light source compartment; 110. a laser; 120. a beam-splitting prism; 130. a first beam expander; 140. a first collimating lens; 150. a first optical window; 160. a reflecting mirror; 170. a second beam expander; 180. a second collimating lens; 190. a second optical window; 200. a data cabin; 210. an industrial camera; 220. a microobjective; 230. a telecentric lens; 240. an embedded processor; 250. a submarine cable joint; 300. an imaging region.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may include one or more of the feature, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a digital hologram-based marine plankton imager, comprising: a light source bay 100 and a data bay 200; an imaging region 300 is provided between the light source capsule 100 and the data capsule 200; the light source modules 100 are disposed separately from the data modules 200, and are arranged on both sides of the imaging area 300.
The light source capsule 100 in the present embodiment includes: the laser 110, the beam splitter prism 120 set up in the output end of the laser 110, and set up the first light path and second light path in the back side of the beam splitter prism 120; the first optical path includes: a first beam expander 130, a first collimating lens 140, and a first optical window 150 coaxially arranged in this order; the second optical path includes: a reflecting mirror 160, a second beam expander 170, a second collimator lens 180 and a second optical window 190 are coaxially arranged in this order.
It should be noted that, the light source emitted by the laser 110 is divided into two parts by the beam splitter prism 120, one part horizontally irradiates into the first light path, the other part vertically irradiates into the second light path downwards, the reflecting mirror 160 is inclined at an angle of 45 °, and the vertical light from the beam splitter prism 120 is reflected to horizontally irradiate into the second beam expander 170, so as to realize the structural design of the same light source and the two light paths.
The laser light emitted by the laser 110 in this embodiment is split into transmitted light and reflected light by the beam splitter prism 120, the transmitted light faces the first beam expander 130, and the reflected light faces the second beam expander 170; the ratio of transmitted light energy to reflected light energy is 1:1 to 50.
It should be noted that, according to the parameters of the selected beam splitter prism 120 or the beam splitter, different ratio distribution of the transmitted light energy and the reflected light energy is realized, preferably 1:4, so as to realize the setting of different light intensities of the first light path and the second light path. The spectral ratio is changed by changing the coating material, mainly the reflectivity and the transmissivity of the coating.
The transmitted light passes through the first beam expander 130 and the first collimator lens 140 to form a parallel beam, the parallel beam passes through the first optical window 150, the reflected light passes through the second beam expander 170 and the second collimator lens 180 to form a parallel beam, and the parallel beam passes through the second optical window 190; the light beams of the first and second light paths illuminate the imaging region 300, and light scattered or diffracted by plankton in the sea water interferes with the light beam that does not pass through plankton in the imaging region 300, producing a holographic image.
The data pod 200 in this embodiment includes: a plurality of industrial cameras 210, a microscope objective 220 and a telecentric lens 230 respectively arranged at the front ends of the industrial cameras 210, a digital holographic system and an embedded processor 240; the microobjective 220 is disposed toward the first optical window 150; telecentric lens 230 is disposed toward second optical window 190.
The number of industrial cameras 210 is preferably two, imaging the microscope objective 220 and telecentric lens 230, respectively.
The microscope objective in this embodiment and its corresponding industrial camera parameters: the resolution of the pixel is 0.5-2 um, and the visual field is 2-36 mm 2; telecentric lens and its corresponding industrial camera parameters: the resolution of the pixel is 5-20 um, and the visual field is 200-3600 mm 2.
It is worth to say that, the type information of micro-scale plankton and the high-resolution detailed information of plankton appearance can be obtained based on the first light path of the holographic microscopic part, and the type and the number of large-scale plankton can be obtained based on the holographic imaging second light path of the large-field telecentric imaging part.
The embedded processor 240 in this embodiment includes: the system comprises a data transmission module, a database and a target detection module; the plurality of industrial cameras 210 transmit the imaging images to a database for storage through a data transmission module; the target detection module is carried with a neural network, analyzes the imaging diagram in the database, identifies and counts the types and the numbers of plankton, and outputs the statistical result.
The construction of the neural network comprises the following steps:
And 1, collecting a large amount of plankton image data, and ensuring the diversity and representativeness of the data. And carrying out data enhancement and preprocessing on the collected image data to ensure the accuracy and the robustness of model training.
Data enhancement includes rotation, scaling, clipping, flipping, etc. to increase the generalization ability of the model; the preprocessing comprises preprocessing operations such as image normalization, denoising, labeling and the like, and ensures the quality and consistency of input data. And dividing the image data into a training set, a verification set and a test set for training, verifying and testing the model.
And 2, selecting YOLOv a neural network model, performing end-to-end training by using a training set and a verification set, evaluating the performance of the model on the test set, including indexes such as accuracy, recall rate, mAP and the like, and further optimizing the model according to the evaluation result, such as adjusting the model structure, adding data and the like.
And 3, detecting the image data by using the re-trained YOLOv neural network model, identifying different plankton types, and acquiring the number information of the plankton in the picture.
And 4, carrying out statistical analysis on the detection result of the YOLOv neural network model which is subjected to retraining, and generating the quantity statistical data of each type of plankton.
Realizing automatic identification and quantity statistics of plankton.
The embedded processor 240 is arranged in the data cabin 200, the embedded processor 240 is provided with a target detection module carrying neural network, an automatic classification counting algorithm based on a deep learning algorithm is arranged in the embedded processor 240, in the process of collecting plankton, the data of the plankton hologram are processed under water in real time, the plankton in the hologram is statistically classified, and the output content of the instrument is directly the type and quantity information of the plankton.
The rear end of the data cabin 200 in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of submarine cable connectors 250, wherein one submarine cable connector 250 is used for connecting an underwater docking platform or a user upper computer, and transmitting the statistical result to the underwater docking platform or the user upper computer.
The other submarine cable connector 250 in this embodiment is connected to the light source module 100, and transmits the electric energy decompressed in the data module to the laser 110 in the light source module 100.
The statistical result is in the form of characters and is sent outwards automatically based on an RS232 communication standard so as to be connected with other marine instruments or in-situ connection platforms, and the later adaptation with other instruments or platforms is facilitated.
The digital hologram system in this embodiment is a coaxial hologram, light from the light source bin 100 irradiates a water body, the water body irradiates an object, and diffracted or scattered light interferes with light not irradiated on the object, so that a hologram can be generated. While the cable connector 250 is used to power the digital holographic system.
When the invention is used, the laser 110 emits laser, after the laser is split by the beam splitting prism 120, the different ratio distribution of the transmitted light energy and the reflected light energy can be realized according to the parameters of the selected beam splitting prism 120, the transmitted light/reflected light forms parallel beams with the first collimating lens 140/the second collimating lens 180 through the first beam expander 130/the second beam expander 170 behind the transmitted light/reflected light, the parallel beams pass through the first optical window 150/the second optical window 190 to illuminate the imaging area 300, the light scattered or diffracted by plankton in the sea water interferes with the light beam which does not pass through plankton in the imaging area 300, the hologram generated after interference is imaged by the micro objective lens 220 or the telecentric lens 230 in the data cabin 200, the imaging is carried out in the industrial camera 210 behind the data transmission and the data storage is carried out in the embedded processor 240.
As shown in fig. 3, the invention also provides a data processing method of the marine plankton imager based on digital holography, which comprises the following steps:
s1, after the laser light emitted by the laser 110 is modulated by the first optical path and the second optical path, the laser light is emitted from the two optical windows respectively and illuminates plankton in the imaging area 300.
S2, in the imaging area 300, light scattered or diffracted by plankton in the sea water interferes with the light beam which does not pass through the plankton, the hologram generated after interference is imaged by the microscope objective 220 or the telecentric lens 230 in the data cabin 200, imaged in the industrial camera 210 behind the microscope objective lens, and the imaging image is transmitted to a database.
S3-1, saving a working mode of an imaging chart: the imaging image is stored in a database, the stored imaging image is transmitted to a target detection module for processing, a statistical result of plankton is output, and the statistical result is stored as a local document in the database.
S3-2, working modes of the imaging image are not saved: the imaging image is temporarily stored in a database, the imaging image is transmitted to a target detection module for processing, the statistical result of plankton is output and stored as a local document in the database, and meanwhile, the statistical result is sent to an underwater connection platform or an upper computer through a serial port of an instrument.
In step S3-1, the positions and categories of plankton detected by the target detection module are marked on the imaging chart, and the imaging chart is replaced by the original imaging chart for storage.
In this embodiment, the statistical result output by S3-2 may also be uploaded to the server through the wireless network.
The embedded processor 240 is arranged in the data cabin 200, so that the processing of plankton image data is completed in the instrument, the plankton image data is directly converted into the character string data of the types and the corresponding numbers of plankton by using the target detection module based on deep learning, and the data volume uploaded from the sensor to the server or the connection platform is greatly compressed.
The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (10)
1. A digital holographic-based marine plankton imager comprising: light source cabin and data cabin, its characterized in that: an imaging area is arranged between the light source cabin and the data cabin;
The light source compartment comprises: the laser comprises a laser, a beam splitting prism arranged at the output end of the laser, and a first light path and a second light path arranged at the rear side of the beam splitting prism; the first optical path includes: the first beam expander, the first collimating lens and the first optical window are coaxially arranged in sequence; the second optical path includes: the reflecting mirror, the second beam expander, the second collimating lens and the second optical window are coaxially arranged in sequence;
the data pod comprises: the system comprises a plurality of industrial cameras, a microscope objective lens, a telecentric lens, a digital holographic system and an embedded processor, wherein the microscope objective lens and the telecentric lens are respectively arranged at the front ends of the industrial cameras; the microscope objective is arranged towards the first optical window; the telecentric lens is arranged towards the second optical window;
The embedded processor includes: the system comprises a data transmission module, a database and a target detection module; transmitting the imaging images to the database for storage by the industrial cameras through the data transmission module;
The target detection module is carried with a neural network, analyzes the imaging diagram in the database, identifies and counts the types and the number of plankton, and outputs a statistical result.
2. A digital holographic-based marine plankton imager as defined in claim 1, wherein: the rear end of the data cabin is provided with a plurality of submarine cable connectors, wherein one submarine cable connector is used for connecting an underwater connection platform or a user upper computer and transmitting the statistical result to the underwater connection platform or the user upper computer.
3. A digital holographic-based marine plankton imager as defined in claim 2, wherein: the other submarine cable connector is connected with the light source cabin, and the electric energy which is subjected to depressurization in the data cabin is transmitted to the laser in the light source cabin.
4. A digital holographic-based marine plankton imager as defined in claim 1, wherein: the digital holographic system is coaxial holographic, and the submarine cable connector is used for supplying power to the digital holographic system.
5. The digital holography-based marine plankton imager and data processing method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the laser emitted by the laser is split into transmitted light and reflected light through the beam splitting prism, the transmitted light faces the first beam expander, and the reflected light faces the second beam expander; the ratio of the transmitted light energy to the reflected light energy is 1:1 to 50.
6. The digital holography-based marine plankton imager and data processing method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the statistical result is sent out automatically in the form of characters based on the RS232 communication standard.
7. The digital holography-based marine plankton imager and data processing method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the microscope objective corresponds to the industrial camera parameters: the resolution of the pixel is 0.5-2 um, and the visual field is 2-36 mm 2; the telecentric lens corresponds to the industrial camera parameters: the resolution of the pixel is 5-20 um, and the visual field is 200-3600 mm 2.
8. A method of data processing based on a digital holographic based marine plankton imager as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
S1, after the laser emitted by the laser is modulated by a first optical path and a second optical path, respectively emitting from two optical windows and illuminating plankton in an imaging area;
S2, in an imaging area, light scattered or diffracted by plankton in sea water interferes with light beams which do not pass through plankton, a hologram generated after interference is imaged by a micro objective lens or a telecentric lens in a data cabin, imaged in an industrial camera behind the micro objective lens or the telecentric lens, and the imaging image is transmitted to a database;
s3-1, saving a working mode of an imaging chart: the imaging image is stored in a database, the stored imaging image is transmitted to a target detection module for processing, and the statistical result of plankton is output and stored as a local document in the database;
S3-2, working modes of the imaging image are not saved: the imaging image is temporarily stored in a database, the imaging image is transmitted to a target detection module for processing, the statistical result of plankton is output and stored as a local document in the database, and meanwhile, the statistical result is sent to an underwater connection platform or an upper computer through a serial port of an instrument.
9. The use method of the digital holographic-based marine plankton imager and the data processing method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the use method is characterized in that: in the step S3-1, the positions and the categories of plankton detected by the target detection module are marked on the imaging image, and the imaging image is replaced by the original imaging image for storage.
10. The digital holographic-based marine plankton imager and data processing method as defined in claim 8, wherein: and uploading the statistical result output by the S3-2 to a server through a wireless network.
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