CN118310893A - Compression test device for expansion joint of highway bridge - Google Patents
Compression test device for expansion joint of highway bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN118310893A CN118310893A CN202410742207.XA CN202410742207A CN118310893A CN 118310893 A CN118310893 A CN 118310893A CN 202410742207 A CN202410742207 A CN 202410742207A CN 118310893 A CN118310893 A CN 118310893A
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- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compression test device for an expansion joint of a highway bridge, and relates to the technical field of expansion joint test devices. The invention comprises a test seat, wherein a control panel is fixedly arranged on the test seat, a fixing hole is formed in the test seat, a clamping seat is fixedly arranged in the fixing hole, a semi-arc opening is formed above the clamping seat, and an elastic soft film is fixedly arranged on the clamping seat; the test seat is provided with a plurality of upper hydraulic rods through an upper pressing structure. The advantages are that: the anti-pressure analysis on the vertical and horizontal directions can be carried out on the steel plate expansion piece, meanwhile, the tensile resistance and the pressure which can be received by the rubber belt are analyzed, the load which is generated on the steel plate expansion piece when the bridge shakes and the vehicle runs is simulated, the maximum value of the pressure which can be received by the steel plate expansion piece in each direction is tested, and the measuring effect is improved through multiple tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of expansion joint experimental devices, in particular to a compression test device for an expansion joint of a highway bridge.
Background
The expansion joint is positioned at the bridge connection part and bears the pressure from the running load of the vehicle, and the currently used bridge expansion joint device has various forms, wherein one steel plate type shrinkage device uses steel as a joint spanning material and can directly bear the load of wheels.
Although the compression test can simulate the real environment condition to a certain extent, there are still situations that are difficult to completely simulate, the expansion joint may be subjected to forces in different directions, such as compression, shearing and stretching forces, in actual use, and the compression test usually only considers the influence of one of the forces, so that the real situation cannot be completely simulated.
Therefore, there is a need to design a compression test device for the expansion joint of the highway bridge to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a compression test device for an expansion joint of a highway bridge, which solves the problem that various test pressures are difficult to simulate in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a highway bridge expansion joint compression test device, includes the test seat, fixed mounting has control panel on the test seat, set up the fixed orifices on the test seat, fixed mounting has the block seat in the fixed orifices, and the block seat top is half arc opening setting, fixed mounting has the elastic soft membrane on the block seat, fixed mounting has air pressure sensor in the block seat, install supplementary pressure measurement structure and upward shift pressure measurement structure jointly between block seat and the test seat, install the steel sheet extensible member through the clamp structure on the test seat, the lower surface of steel sheet extensible member is fixed and is provided with the rubber tape;
The test seat is provided with a plurality of upper hydraulic rods through an upper pressing structure, and the driving ends of the upper hydraulic rods are fixedly provided with upper pressing plates matched with the steel plate telescopic parts;
The test seat is internally and fixedly provided with two lateral hydraulic rods, the two lateral hydraulic rods are fixedly provided with pressure sensing testers, the clamping structure is provided with a laser displacement sensor, the test seat is internally and fixedly provided with a plurality of pressure sensors, and the test seat is internally and fixedly provided with a transmission structure matched with the pressure sensors.
Preferably, the auxiliary pressure measuring structure comprises an air guide cylinder fixedly communicated between the test seat and the clamping seat, a piston disc is arranged in the air guide cylinder in a sealing sliding manner, a pushing control rod is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the clamping seat, of the piston disc, an air suction pipe is fixedly communicated between the air guide cylinder and the test seat together, and an air discharge pipe is fixedly communicated on the clamping seat.
Preferably, the upward-moving pressure measuring structure comprises a bending air duct fixedly communicated between the clamping seat and the test seat, the upper end of the bending air duct is positioned in the test seat, a piston frame is arranged in the bending air duct in a sealing sliding manner, a displacement sensor for monitoring the moving distance of the piston frame is arranged in the bending air duct, a vertical rod is fixedly arranged on the driving end of the lateral hydraulic rod and close to the clamping seat, a limiting clamping plate is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod, and the limiting clamping plate is positioned right above the piston frame in an initial state.
Preferably, the up-shifting pressure measuring structure comprises an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is fixedly arranged in the clamping seat.
Preferably, the clamping structure comprises two placing seats fixedly installed on the test seat, the laser displacement sensor is fixedly installed on one of the placing seats, a transverse plate and a bearing plate are fixedly installed on one side, close to each other, of the two placing seats, and the transverse plate is provided with a fixing mechanism.
Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a plurality of electric telescopic rods fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of the two transverse plates respectively, the driving ends of the electric telescopic rods are fixedly provided with positioning plates, the steel plate telescopic parts are placed between the two positioning plates and the two bearing plates, and the driving ends of the side hydraulic rods penetrate through the test seat and are fixedly connected with the corresponding placing seats.
Preferably, the upper pressing structure comprises two middle position cross bars fixedly mounted on the test seat, the two middle position cross bars are jointly and slidably mounted with a sliding sleeve rod, the upper hydraulic rods are fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the sliding sleeve rod, and the sliding sleeve rod is fixedly provided with a positioning rod.
Preferably, the transmission structure comprises a square hole formed in the test seat, a plurality of rotating shafts are slidably mounted in the test seat, a plurality of limiting bearing rollers are rotatably mounted on the rotating shafts, the limiting bearing rollers are located in the square hole, and the limiting bearing rollers are rotatably mounted on the corresponding pressure sensors.
Preferably, the upper surfaces of the plurality of limit bearing rollers are flush with the upper surfaces of the two bearing plates, and the steel plate expansion piece is contacted with the upper surfaces of the plurality of limit bearing rollers when placed.
Preferably, the air guide cylinder and the air suction pipe are unidirectional pipes, the air inlet direction of the air guide cylinder is from the air guide cylinder to the clamping seat, and the air inlet direction of the air suction pipe is from the air suction pipe to the air guide cylinder.
The invention provides a compression test device for an expansion joint of a highway bridge, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. This test device is when carrying out compressive testing to the steel sheet extensible member, has the advantage of carrying out upper and lower compressive testing, through the cooperation of a plurality of upper portion hydraulic stems and upper portion pressure plate, the movable test of cooperation upper portion pressure plate carries out the compressive testing of different compressive strength to the multiple position on the steel sheet extensible member, and the detection data through a plurality of pressure sensor carries out the analysis to the vertical load that bears of steel sheet extensible member to according to the deformation volume of rubber tape carries out the analysis to the pressure on the vertical direction that the rubber tape received.
2. This test device is when carrying out compressive testing to the steel sheet extensible member, has the advantage of lateral direction compressive testing, through the setting of two lateral part hydraulic stems, is the regular effort of applys to the steel sheet extensible member to according to the effort of applys and the distance that the steel sheet extensible member moved carry out comprehensive analysis, can calculate the load power that can bear on the steel sheet extensible member lateral direction.
3. This test device is when carrying out the resistance to compression test to the steel sheet extensible member, has the advantage of carrying out the resistance to compression test to the rubber tape, through making the extension of steel sheet extensible member shrink, utilizes the elasticity of elasticity mantle, utilizes the atmospheric pressure change to the distance that rubber tape and atmospheric pressure drive piston frame removed, analyzes the extrusion force that the rubber tape can bear.
In summary, the invention can analyze the compressive resistance of the steel plate expansion piece in the vertical and horizontal directions, analyze the tensile resistance and the compressive resistance of the rubber belt, simulate the shaking of a bridge and the load generated on the steel plate expansion piece when a vehicle runs, test the maximum value of the compressive resistance of the steel plate expansion piece in each direction, and improve the measuring effect by multiple tests.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compression test device for an expansion joint of a highway bridge;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the structure in the direction A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a steel plate telescoping member;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the engaging seat and the limiting bearing roller;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressure sensor and the air cylinder;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper hydraulic stem, upper pressure plate;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the purge tube, locating plate and carrier plate;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a bent airway tube;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air pressure sensor and the limiting clamping plate;
fig. 12 is an exploded view of the structure of fig. 10.
In the figure: the test device comprises a test seat 1, a control panel 2, a gas guide cylinder 3, a clamping seat 4, a steel plate expansion piece 5, a middle position cross rod 6, a sliding sleeve rod 7, a limit bearing roller 8, a pressure sensor 9, a position adjusting rod 10, a placing seat 11, a side hydraulic rod 12, an elastic soft membrane 13, a pushing control rod 14, a hydraulic rod 15, a pressurizing plate 16, a gas discharge pipe 17, a gas suction pipe 18, a positioning plate 19, a bearing plate 20, an electric expansion rod 21, a bending gas guide pipe 22, a gas pressure sensor 23, a piston disc 24, a piston frame 25, a limit clamping plate 26 and a rubber belt 27.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-5 and 9, a compression test device for a highway bridge expansion joint comprises a steel plate expansion piece 5 and a test seat 1 which is arranged in a U shape, wherein the test seat 1 is arranged in a hollow manner, one side of the test seat 1 is provided with a control panel 2, the control panel 2 is used for controlling test pressure on each direction of the steel plate expansion piece 5, a component part of the steel plate expansion piece 5 comprises a rubber belt 27, the rubber belt 27 can deform along with the extension and shortening of the steel plate expansion piece 5, when the steel plate expansion piece 5 extends, the rubber belt 27 can be prolonged along with the extension, the bending degree of the steel plate expansion piece can be reduced, and when the steel plate expansion piece 5 is shortened, the rubber belt 27 can return to an initial bending state to be in a semi-arc shape.
The inside both sides that oppose each other of test seat 1 are all fixed mounting and are placed seat 11, two lower parts that place seat 11 and are close to one side each other are all fixed mounting and are had loading board 20, two upper parts that are close to one side each other of placing seat 11 are all fixed mounting and are had the diaphragm, the equal fixed mounting of lower surface of two diaphragms has a plurality of electric telescopic handle 21, the equal fixed mounting of drive end of a plurality of electric telescopic handle 21 has locating plate 19, and one side of locating plate 19 pastes with placing seat 11 mutually, can keep the stability of two locating plates 19, and place steel sheet extensible member 5 between two locating plate 19 and two loading board 20 through one side of two locating plate 19 and two loading board 20.
Lateral hydraulic rods 12 are fixedly arranged on two sides in the test seat 1, through holes are symmetrically formed on two sides of the test seat 1, and driving ends of the two lateral hydraulic rods 12 penetrate through the through holes and are fixedly connected with the placing seat 11 which is close to the through holes; when driving two lateral part hydraulic stems 12 can drive two and place seat 11 and be close to each other to drive the distance between two and place seat 11 and adjust the horizontal length that is fit for of steel sheet extensible member 5, thereby place steel sheet extensible member 5 on two loading boards 20, when a plurality of electric telescopic handle 21 of drive both sides extend, can drive two locating plates 19 and be close to the upper surface of steel sheet extensible member 5, lock steel sheet extensible member 5, when a plurality of electric telescopic handle 21 of drive both sides shorten, can drive two locating plates 19 and steel sheet extensible member 5 and keep away from, place steel sheet extensible member 5.
Referring to fig. 6-8, square holes are formed in the test seat 1, a plurality of rotating grooves are formed in the test seat 1, the rotating grooves are oval, rotating shafts are slidably mounted between the corresponding two rotating grooves (the oval arrangement of the rotating grooves can enable the two rotating shafts to slide up and down in the rotating grooves), limiting bearing rollers 8 are rotatably mounted on the rotating shafts, the limiting bearing rollers 8 are located in the square holes, when the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is placed, the steel plate telescopic piece is enabled to be in contact with the upper surfaces of the limiting bearing rollers 8, a plurality of pressure sensors 9 are fixedly mounted in the test seat 1, the limiting bearing rollers 8 are rotated on the corresponding pressure sensors 9, the upper surfaces of the pressure sensors 9 are arranged in an arc shape, and the radian is identical to that of the limiting bearing rollers 8.
When the steel plate telescoping member 5 is initially placed, a lamination state is adopted between the limiting bearing roller 8 and the pressure sensor 9, when the steel plate telescoping member 5 is pressed and deformed, the limiting bearing roller 8 is deformed (the surface of the limiting bearing roller 8 is made of rubber and can have a certain elastic change range) at the moment, the limiting bearing roller 8 downwards extrudes the pressure sensor 9, after the test is completed, the steel plate telescoping member 5 is taken down, and the upper surface of the limiting bearing roller 8 is restored to be flush with the upper surfaces of the two bearing plates 20 again under the elasticity of the limiting bearing roller 8 at the moment, so that the next pressure measurement is convenient.
The test seat 1 is fixedly provided with two middle position cross bars 6, the two middle position cross bars 6 are provided with sliding sleeve bars 7 in a sliding mode, the lower surface of each sliding sleeve bar 7 is fixedly provided with a plurality of upper hydraulic rods 15, the driving ends of the plurality of upper hydraulic rods 15 are fixedly provided with upper pressurizing plates 16 in a sliding mode, the upper surface of each sliding sleeve bar 7 is fixedly provided with a position adjusting rod 10, the position adjusting rods 10 are arranged in an L shape, rubber sleeves are fixedly arranged on the position adjusting rods, when a person holds the position adjusting rods 10, the sliding sleeve bars 7 can be driven to slide on the two middle position cross bars 6, and the comfort level of the person holding the position adjusting rods 10 can be improved through the arrangement of the rubber sleeves.
When the pressure test is required to be performed on the steel plate expansion piece 5, the control panel 2 is used for controlling the plurality of upper hydraulic rods 15 to extend the driving ends of the plurality of upper hydraulic rods 15 (controlling the extension length of the plurality of upper hydraulic rods 15 to adjust the force applied by the upper hydraulic rods 15 to drive the upper pressing plates 16 to the steel plate expansion piece 5), the upper pressing plates 16 are driven to apply pressure to the upper surface of the steel plate expansion piece 5, the hand-held position-adjusting rod 10 is used for driving the upper pressing plates 16 to perform the pressure test on a plurality of positions on the steel plate expansion piece 5, when the upper pressing plates 16 press the steel plate expansion piece 5 downwards, the plurality of limit pressure-bearing rollers 8 sense the pressure, the pressure born by the steel plate expansion piece 5 is sensed to a plurality of pressure sensors 9 through the plurality of limit pressure-bearing rollers 8, the pressure born by the pressure sensors 9 is initially set to be 0 (initially, the gravity of the limit pressure-bearing rollers 8 born by the pressure sensors 9 is removed), when the pressure sensors 9 detect the pressure value, the steel plate expansion piece 5 is illustrated to be deformed to a certain extent, and the vertical load born by the steel plate expansion piece 5 is the maximum value of the vertical load born by the steel plate expansion piece 5.
Referring to fig. 6, 10-12, a fixing hole is formed in the test seat 1, a clamping seat 4 is fixedly installed in the fixing hole, a semi-arc opening is formed above the clamping seat 4, an elastic soft film 13 is fixedly installed on the clamping seat 4, the opening of the clamping seat 4 is sealed by the elastic soft film 13, an air guide cylinder 3 is fixedly communicated between one side of the test seat 1 and the clamping seat 4 together, a piston disc 24 is fixedly installed in the air guide cylinder 3 in a sealing sliding manner, a pushing control rod 14 is fixedly installed on one side, away from the clamping seat 4, of the piston disc 24, the pushing control rod 14 slides in the air guide cylinder 3, one end, located outside the test seat 1, of the pushing control rod 14 is arranged to be spherical, a person can conveniently pull the pushing control rod 14, a threaded rubber pad is arranged on the surface of the pushing control rod 14, friction force during use is increased, and force applied by the person is conveniently transferred to the pushing control rod 14 to drive the pushing control rod 14 to push the person.
An air suction pipe 18 is fixedly communicated between the air guide cylinder 3 and the test seat 1, the air guide cylinder 3 and the air suction pipe 18 are unidirectional pipes, the air suction pipe 18 can only transmit external gas into the air guide cylinder 3 through the unidirectional pipes, and the air guide cylinder 3 can only transmit the gas in the unidirectional pipes into the clamping seat 4; the test seat 1 and the clamping seat 4 are fixedly communicated with each other, the bent air duct 22 is arranged at the upper end of the bent air duct 22 in the test seat 1, the upper end of the bent air duct 22 is provided with a pipe orifice with larger diameter, a piston frame 25 is arranged in the upper port of the bent air duct 22 in a sealing sliding manner, the piston frame 25 is formed by fixing a piston plate and a straight rod, the piston plate slides in the bent air duct 22, a vertical rod is fixedly arranged at the driving end of the side hydraulic rod 12 close to the clamping seat 4, a limiting clamping plate 26 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod, and when no pressure is applied to the steel plate telescopic piece 5 by the two placement seats 11, the limiting clamping plate 26 is positioned right above the straight rod to limit the upward displacement of the piston frame 25, and the diameter of the upper opening of the bent air duct 22 is smaller than that of the piston plate, so that the piston frame 25 only slides in the pipe orifice at the upper end of the bent air duct 22.
The clamping seat 4 is fixedly communicated with a deflation pipe 17, a rubber plug is clamped and installed in the deflation pipe 17, and when the clamping seat 4 needs to be deflated, the rubber plug is taken out, so that the elastic soft membrane 13 is reset; when the pushing control rod 14 is pulled to drive the piston disc 24 in the air guide cylinder 3 to move, the piston disc 24 sucks external air into the air guide cylinder 3 through the air suction pipe 18 when the air guide cylinder 3 moves, the piston disc 24 discharges the air sucked into the air guide cylinder 3 into the clamping seat 4 when the air guide cylinder 3 moves, and the air in the clamping seat 4 upwards presses the elastic soft film 13 by utilizing air pressure change, so that the elastic soft film 13 is tightly attached to the rubber belt 27; the pressure sensing testers are fixedly arranged inside the left side hydraulic rod 12 and the right side hydraulic rod 12, and it is common practice to arrange the pressure sensing testers on the side hydraulic rods 12, so that the pressure monitoring and control of the hydraulic system can be facilitated.
One of the placement bases 11 is fixedly provided with a laser displacement sensor, which is a device for measuring the position or displacement of a target object by utilizing a laser technology, and determines the distance or displacement between the target object and the sensor by emitting a laser beam and receiving a reflected laser signal; the distance between the two placement bases 11 can be measured by the laser displacement sensor, so that the changing distance between the two placement bases 11 is detected; starting two lateral part hydraulic stems 12 stretches and can drive two placing seats 11 to move to the centre, two placing seats 11 move and can extrude steel plate telescoping member 5, pressure that lateral part hydraulic stem 12 was applyed is measured through pressure sensing tester to cooperate laser displacement sensor to judge the distance that steel plate telescoping member 5 moved when receiving the extrusion, observe whether steel plate telescoping member 5 appears the crack, calculate the relation of the shrink distance size of steel plate telescoping member 5 and applyed pressure promptly, what pressure needs to be big when steel plate telescoping member 5 contracts a unit distance and judge flexible intensity.
A displacement sensor for monitoring the moving distance of the piston frame 25, which is a device for measuring the position or displacement of a target object, is provided in the bent air duct 22, and can convert the position change of the target object into an electrical signal for output.
The two side hydraulic rods 12 are started to drive and extend, so that the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is stressed and contracted inwards, the rubber belt 27 is deformed downwards, and the elastic soft film 13 attached to the rubber belt is driven to deform downwards.
The pressure measurement to the rubber belt 27 includes two embodiments, and two embodiments can both monitor the compressive deformation of the rubber belt 27, and the upward-moving pressure measuring structure of one embodiment includes a bending airway 22, a piston frame 25, a vertical rod, a limiting clamping plate 26 and a displacement sensor, and the operation mode is: the bending degree of the elastic soft film 13 is increased, namely, air in the clamping seat 4 is extruded through the bending air guide pipe 22, when the lateral hydraulic rod 12 is started to extrude laterally, the limiting clamping plate 26 moves along with the driving end of the lateral hydraulic rod 12 to remove the blocking of the piston frame 25, at the moment, the air extruded into the bending air guide pipe 22 in the clamping seat 4 pushes the piston frame 25 to move upwards (the rubber belt 27 can change along with the deformation of the steel plate expansion piece 5 and simultaneously drives the elastic soft film 13 to deform, so that the air in the clamping seat 4 enters the bending air guide pipe 22 to push the piston frame 25 to move upwards, and the pushing force of the air required by the piston frame 25 is smaller, and can still drive the piston frame 25 to move upwards when a small amount of air enters the bending air guide pipe 22), the displacement sensor in the bending air guide pipe 22 can monitor the moving distance of the piston frame 25, so that the deformation amount of the rubber belt 27 is indirectly judged through the displacement of the piston frame 25, and the rubber belt 27 is failed in a specified range when the compression exceeds a measurement standard;
The up-shifting pressure measuring structure of another embodiment comprises a pressure sensor 23 fixedly arranged in the clamping seat 4, and the operation mode is as follows: the pressure receiving capacity of the rubber belt 27 is measured by measuring the ratio of the applied pressure to the change in the air pressure, and when the ratio between the magnitude of the applied pressure and the pressure measured by the air pressure sensor 23 is changed irregularly, the maximum pressure that the rubber belt 27 can withstand is obtained.
By controlling the applied pressure of the two side hydraulic rods 12, the applied pressure is proportionally increased, so that the contraction distance of the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is driven to regularly change, and whether the transverse pressure is proportional to the upward moving distance of the piston frame 25 at the moment is judged, so that whether the pressure change of the rubber belt 27 is regular is judged.
The invention designs a compression test device for an expansion joint of a highway bridge, which has the following working principle:
the prefabricated steel plate type telescoping device (namely the steel plate telescoping piece 5) is subjected to compression resistance detection in a factory, and the steel plate type telescoping device consists of two steel plates at the upper part, a sliding plate at the middle part and a rubber belt 27 at the lower part.
Test preparation: when the compression resistance detection is carried out on the steel plate telescopic piece 5, the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is firstly placed on the two bearing plates 20, and then the plurality of electric telescopic rods 21 are started to drive the two positioning plates 19 to move downwards to extrude and position the steel plate telescopic piece 5, so that the stability of the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is maintained;
When the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is placed, the rubber belt 27 at the lower part of the steel plate telescopic piece is closely attached to the elastic soft film 13 on the clamping seat 4, after the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is positioned, an operator can pull the pushing control rod 14 to drive the piston disc 24 in the air guide cylinder 3 to move, the piston disc 24 can suck external air into the air guide cylinder 3 through the air suction pipe 18 when moving outwards of the air guide cylinder 3, the piston disc 24 can discharge the air sucked into the air guide cylinder 3 into the clamping seat 4 when moving inwards of the air guide cylinder 3, and the air in the clamping seat 4 can be filled, so that the elastic soft film 13 on the clamping seat 4 can be better attached to the rubber belt 27 of the steel plate telescopic piece 5, and air inlet is stopped after the attachment is finished (when the pushing control rod 14 cannot push, the elastic soft film 13 is attached to the rubber belt 27 of the steel plate telescopic piece 5, and air pressure is monitored through the air pressure sensor 23 in the clamping seat 4);
Compression test: the two side hydraulic rods 12 are started to drive the two placing seats 11 to move towards the middle, the two placing seats 11 can squeeze the steel plate telescopic piece 5 between the two placing seats, the pressure applied by the side hydraulic rods 12 is measured through the pressure sensing tester, the moving distance of the steel plate telescopic piece 5 when being squeezed is judged by matching with the laser displacement sensor, and whether cracks appear or not, namely, the relation between the contraction distance of the steel plate telescopic piece 5 and the applied pressure is calculated, namely, when the steel plate telescopic piece 5 contracts by a unit distance (the bridge expansion amount of roads and urban roads is between 20mm and 100mm, the method is suitable for bridges of general roads and urban roads, and the unit distance can be set to be 10 mm), and the expansion strength is judged by the pressure;
When the steel plate expansion piece 5 is contracted by pressure, the rubber belt 27 at the lower part of the steel plate expansion piece is deformed downwards, so that the elastic soft film 13 attached to the steel plate expansion piece is driven to deform downwards, at the moment, the bending degree of the elastic soft film 13 is increased, namely, air in the clamping seat 4 is extruded through the bending air duct 22, when the side hydraulic rod 12 is started to extrude the side, the limiting clamping plate 26 moves along with the driving end of the side hydraulic rod 12 to release the blocking of the piston frame 25, at the moment, the air extruded into the bending air duct 22 in the clamping seat 4 pushes the piston frame 25 to move upwards, and the displacement sensor in the bending air duct 22 can monitor the moving distance of the piston frame 25, so that the deformation amount of the rubber belt 27 is indirectly judged through the displacement of the piston frame 25, and the compression degree is judged;
Tensile test: the two side hydraulic rods 12 are started to drive the two placing seats 11 to move in the directions away from each other, the two placing seats 11 can move to drag the steel plate telescopic piece 5 between the two placing seats, when the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is dragged, the distance of the steel plate telescopic piece 5 when being dragged is judged through the laser displacement sensor, and whether the steel plate telescopic piece 5 meets the tensile standard is judged by comparing the measured length after being dragged with the standard length stretched under the pressure intensity;
The upper hydraulic rod 15 is started to drive the upper pressing plate 16 to move downwards to press the steel plate telescopic piece 5, so that pressure can be applied to the steel plate telescopic piece 5, the applied pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensors 9 through the limiting bearing rollers 8 to be tested, when the pressure sensors 9 detect the pressure values, the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is illustrated to be deformed to a certain extent, and the maximum value of the vertical load which can be borne by the steel plate telescopic piece 5 is reached;
The contraction distance of the steel plate expansion piece 5 can be monitored by transversely applying pressure to obtain a side pressure value required by the contraction of the steel plate expansion piece 5 for a unit, meanwhile, the upward movement distance of the piston frame 25 is observed, and whether the upward movement distance of the piston frame 25 is changed or not is judged by controlling the same pressure of a plurality of upper hydraulic rods 15 at different positions and different extrusion forces at the same positions, namely, whether the upper pressure can affect the pressure of the rubber belt 27 or not is judged;
The applied pressure of the two side hydraulic rods 12 is controlled so that the contraction distance of the steel plate contraction member 5 is regularly changed, whether the side pressure is proportional to the upward movement distance of the piston frame 25 at the moment is judged, whether the pressure change applied to the rubber belt 27 is regular is judged, and if the pressure applied to the rubber belt 27 is not proportional to the applied pressure, the maximum critical value of the transverse pressure which can be borne by the steel plate contraction member 5 and the rubber belt 27 at the moment is obtained.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a highway bridge expansion joint compression test device, includes test seat (1), its characterized in that, fixed mounting has control panel (2) on test seat (1), set up the fixed orifices on test seat (1), fixed mounting has block seat (4) in the fixed orifices, and block seat (4) top is half arc opening setting, fixed mounting has elastic soft membrane (13) on block seat (4), install supplementary pressure measurement structure and upward shift pressure measurement structure jointly between block seat (4) and test seat (1), install steel sheet extensible member (5) through clamping structure on test seat (1), the lower surface of steel sheet extensible member (5) is fixed and is provided with rubber band (27);
The test seat (1) is provided with a plurality of upper hydraulic rods (15) through an upper pressing structure, and the driving ends of the upper hydraulic rods (15) are fixedly provided with upper pressing plates (16) matched with the steel plate telescopic pieces (5) for use;
Two lateral part hydraulic stems (12) are fixedly installed in the test seat (1), two pressure sensing testers are fixedly installed on the lateral part hydraulic stems (12), a laser displacement sensor is installed on the clamping structure, a plurality of pressure sensors (9) are fixedly installed in the test seat (1), and a transmission structure matched with the plurality of pressure sensors (9) is fixedly installed in the test seat (1).
2. The compression test device for the highway bridge expansion joint according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary pressure measuring structure comprises an air guide cylinder (3) fixedly communicated between the test seat (1) and the clamping seat (4), a piston disc (24) is hermetically and slidably arranged in the air guide cylinder (3), a pushing control rod (14) is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the clamping seat (4), of the piston disc (24), an air suction pipe (18) is fixedly communicated between the air guide cylinder (3) and the test seat (1), and an air release pipe (17) is fixedly communicated on the clamping seat (4).
3. The compression test device for the highway bridge expansion joint according to claim 1, wherein the upward-moving pressure measuring structure comprises a bending air duct (22) fixedly communicated between the clamping seat (4) and the test seat (1), the upper end of the bending air duct (22) is positioned in the test seat (1), a piston frame (25) is arranged in the bending air duct (22) in a sealing sliding manner, a displacement sensor for monitoring the moving distance of the piston frame (25) is arranged in the bending air duct (22), a vertical rod is fixedly arranged on the driving end of the side hydraulic rod (12) close to the clamping seat (4), a limiting clamping plate (26) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod, and the limiting clamping plate (26) is positioned right above the piston frame (25) in an initial state.
4. The compression test device for the expansion joint of the highway bridge according to claim 1, wherein the upward-moving pressure measuring structure comprises a pressure sensor (23), and the pressure sensor (23) is fixedly installed in the clamping seat (4).
5. The compression test device for the expansion joint of the highway bridge according to claim 1, wherein the clamping structure comprises two placing seats (11) fixedly installed on the test seat (1), the laser displacement sensor is fixedly installed on one of the placing seats (11), a transverse plate and a bearing plate (20) are fixedly installed on one side, close to each other, of the two placing seats (11), and the transverse plate is provided with a fixing mechanism.
6. The compression test device for the highway bridge expansion joint according to claim 5, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises a plurality of electric telescopic rods (21) fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of two transverse plates respectively, the driving ends of the electric telescopic rods (21) are fixedly provided with positioning plates (19), the steel plate telescopic pieces (5) are placed between the two positioning plates (19) and the two bearing plates (20), and the driving ends of the two side hydraulic rods (12) penetrate through the test seat (1) and are fixedly connected with the corresponding placement seat (11).
7. The compression test device for the expansion joint of the highway bridge according to claim 1, wherein the upper pressing structure comprises two middle position cross bars (6) fixedly installed on the test seat (1), sliding sleeve rods (7) are installed on the two middle position cross bars (6) in a sliding mode, a plurality of upper hydraulic rods (15) are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sliding sleeve rods (7), and positioning rods (10) are fixedly installed on the sliding sleeve rods (7).
8. The compression test device for the highway bridge expansion joint according to claim 5, wherein the transmission structure comprises a square hole formed in the test seat (1), a plurality of rotating shafts are slidably mounted in the test seat (1), a plurality of limiting bearing rollers (8) are rotatably mounted on the rotating shafts, the limiting bearing rollers (8) are located in the square hole, and the limiting bearing rollers (8) are rotatably mounted on the corresponding pressure sensors (9).
9. The compression test device for the expansion joint of the highway bridge according to claim 8, wherein the upper surfaces of the plurality of limit bearing rollers (8) are flush with the upper surfaces of the two bearing plates (20), and the steel plate expansion piece (5) is contacted with the upper surfaces of the plurality of limit bearing rollers (8) when placed.
10. The compression test device for the expansion joint of the highway bridge according to claim 2, wherein the air guide cylinder (3) and the air suction pipe (18) are unidirectional pipes, the air inlet direction of the air guide cylinder (3) is from the air guide cylinder (3) to the clamping seat (4), and the air inlet direction of the air suction pipe (18) is from the air suction pipe (18) to the air guide cylinder (3).
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| CN202410742207.XA CN118310893B (en) | 2024-06-11 | 2024-06-11 | Compression test device for expansion joint of highway bridge |
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| CN202410742207.XA CN118310893B (en) | 2024-06-11 | 2024-06-11 | Compression test device for expansion joint of highway bridge |
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| CN118310893B (en) | 2024-08-30 |
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