CN118279208B - Polarization parameter shaping method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polarization parameter shaping method, and belongs to the field of optical image processing. According to the array antenna beam forming theory, the invention defines the polarization forming angleScaling factorDescribes the difference ofLower polarization-imparted imageA calculation method. The method is used for forming images in polarizationThe polarization characteristics of different targets can be obtained, the problem that Stokes polarization parameters are sensitive to noise can be solved, and a new approach is provided for polarized image analysis and processing. The method comprises the following steps ofAs input; introducing weights of four polarized light componentsThese four weight terms are formed by polarization forming anglesScaling factorDetermining together; then calculate a weighted polarized light component imageTo achieve control of phase difference, i.e. by varying polarization shaping angleTo describe weighted polarized light component imagesDifferential information therebetween. Solving polarized component shaped image according to Stokes parametric methodAnd polarization angle shaped image. Finally, byAndObtaining polarization-shaped image by calculating relative relation of (a) and (b)。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical image processing, in particular to a polarization parameter shaping method.
Background
In recent years, polarization imaging technology in China is steadily developed, and great progress is made in the fields of military detection, industrial production, medical service and the like. However, for some complex scenes, such as severe weather, low illumination, etc., the polarized image tends to present larger noise, so that the target detection is disturbed, and the imaging quality is seriously degraded. At present, researches on denoising and enhancing polarized images mainly have the following problems: firstly, the polarization parameter image obtained by directly using Stokes vector method in the traditional method has high requirements on imaging equipment and imaging environment. In other words, the polarization degree, polarization angle image is extremely sensitive to noise, and therefore the quality requirement for the input image is extremely high. Second, polarization angle images often have phase ambiguity, which images are difficult to use directly, although they contain polarization features. Third, in general image denoising methods, a simple digital image processing flow is adopted, and a high-quality polarization enhancement image cannot be obtained. The denoising method based on deep learning lacks the training of a real data set, and the enhancement effect is often not as expected. Therefore, an image enhancement method based on polarization principle analysis is required to solve this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
(One) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a polarization parameter shaping method, which solves the problems in the background art.
(II) technical scheme
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes:
A polarization parameter shaping method specifically comprises the following steps; s1, acquiring four light intensity images under different polarization angles through a polarization camera Calculating and obtaining a total light intensity image；
S2, according to a preset scaling factorAnd polarization shaping angleCalculating and obtaining weights of four polarized light components；
S3, calculating and obtaining weighted polarized light component images under four different polarization angles；
S4, for weighted polarized light component imagesCalculating polarized component shaped image according to Stokes vector methodAnd polarization angle shaped image。
S5, shaping the image according to the polarization angleAnd polarization shaping angleCalculating polarization-imparted images。
Further, the weight of the polarized light component in S2 is calculated by the following formula:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；Is ellipsometry; In order for the scaling factor to be a factor, 。
Further, in the step S3, four weighted polarized light component images are obtainedThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the above, the total light intensity image 。
Further, in S4, the polarization component shape-imparting imageThe calculation formula is as follows:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Representing an incident total light intensity image; An optical intensity difference image representing 0 ° and 90 ° polarization components; an intensity difference image representing 45 ° and 135 ° polarization components; The angle of polarization is given to the polarization, ；In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,。
The polarization component-shaped image is calculated as follows:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；In order to be the angle of polarization,；Representing the intensity of the radiation; Is ellipsometry; In order for the scaling factor to be a factor, 。
Polarization angle-shaped imageThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Representing an incident total light intensity image; An optical intensity difference image representing 0 ° and 90 ° polarization components; an intensity difference image representing 45 ° and 135 ° polarization components; The angle of polarization is given to the polarization, ；In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,。
Further, in the step S5, a polarization-shaped image is formedThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
The polarization forming image is obtained by trigonometric function conversion The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, AndRespectively representing the polarization angle and the ellipsometry,；The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,。
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a polarization parameter shaping method, which has the following beneficial effects:
The invention introduces a beam forming idea into the polarization field, and provides a polarization parameter forming method. Compared with the traditional Stokes model, the method can fully utilize polarization difference information. Extraction of different polarization excipient angles by polarization excipient The polarization characteristics are adopted, so that noise in the polarization parameter image is effectively suppressed.
The invention provides a polarized shaped imageShaping images by means of polarization angleAngle of polarization formingEffectively overcome the traditional polarization angleIn (a) phase ambiguity broadens the polarization angleResearch value in the field of polarized image enhancement. In addition, the polarization vector phase weighting is only carried out on the basis of the Stokes model, and any light field is not required to be added additionally.
Compared with a digital image processing and deep learning method, the method has the advantages that the polarization characteristics in the scene can be restored more truly by analyzing and calculating from the angles of the beam forming theory and the polarization principle. Provides a new idea for polarization image processing research.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the patented method of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of polarization parametric shaping of the inventive method;
In the figure: 1. a Stokes-type antenna array; 2. an antenna element unit; 3. different polarization forming angles A lower beam; Respectively represent polarization forming angles Specific values of (2);，，，； Representing light intensity images with polarization angles of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, respectively;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the light intensity at polarization angles of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present invention ；
FIG. 4 shows polarization forming angles provided by examples of the present inventionIn the case of the weighted polarized light component images, the polarization angles are respectively 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °；
FIG. 5 shows polarization forming angles according to the embodiment of the present inventionPolarization component shaping image at the time；
FIG. 6 is a graph of different polarization forming angles provided by an example of the present inventionLower polarization angle shaped image；
In the figure: 4.Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；5、Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；6、Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；7、Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；8、Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；9、Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；10、Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；11、Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；12、Polarization angle-shaped image at the time；
FIG. 7 shows different polarization angles of the inventive methodLower beam direction and corresponding polarization-forming image；
In the figure: 13.Polarization-imparted image at the time；14、Polarization-imparted image at the time；15、Polarization-imparted image at the time；16、Polarization-imparted image at the time；17、Polarization-imparted image at the time；18、Polarization-imparted image at the time；19、Polarization-imparted image at the time；20、Polarization-imparted image at the time；21、Polarization-imparted image at the time；
FIG. 8 is a fusion enhanced image provided by an example of the present invention，Representing images shaped by polarizationAnd polarization component-shaped imageIn (a) and (b)Is a weighted result of (a).
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a polarization parameter shaping method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
S1, acquiring four light intensity images under different polarization angles through a polarization camera Calculating and obtaining a total light intensity image。
S2, according to a preset scaling factorAnd polarization shaping angleCalculating and obtaining weights of four polarized light components。
S3, calculating and obtaining weighted polarized light component images under four different polarization angles。
S4, for weighted polarized light component imagesSolving for polarized component shaped imageAnd further solving for the polarization angle-shaped image。
S5, shaping the image according to the polarization angleAnd polarization shaping angleCalculating polarization-imparted images。
In step S1, four light intensity images of different polarization directionsThe antenna arrays are arranged into Stokes type antenna arrays according to a beam forming theory.
In step S2, four polarized light component weights are calculated and obtainedComprising:
According to a preset scaling factor AndAnd (4) performing calculation to enable the sum of weights of the four polarized light components to be zero. The calculation formula is as follows:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；Is ellipsometry; In order for the scaling factor to be a factor, 。
In step S3, weighted polarized light component images at four different polarization angles are calculated and obtainedComprising:
For light intensity images at four different polarization angles The weight items are respectively added, so that the polarization difference information is enhanced, and the total light intensity image is ensuredThe polarization image is prevented from being distorted due to the change of the phase. The calculation formula is as follows:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；Is ellipsometry; In order for the scaling factor to be a factor, 。
In step S4, a polarization component-shaped image is calculatedAnd further solving for the polarization angle-shaped imageComprising:
Polarized component shaping image The calculation formula is as follows:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Representing an incident total light intensity image; An optical intensity difference image representing 0 ° and 90 ° polarization components; an intensity difference image representing 45 ° and 135 ° polarization components; The angle of polarization is given to the polarization, ；In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,. According to the formula of the present invention,Indicating that the total light intensity is unchanged.Respectively represent the quadrature phase difference with the scaling factorAnd polarization shaping angleAnd changes from variation to variation. At the same time receiveInfluence.
Further, the polarization component shaped image calculation formula in the step S4 is as follows:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；In order to be the angle of polarization,；Representing the intensity of the radiation; For the ellipsometry rate, the ratio of the ellipsometry, In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,。
In step S4, the image is shaped due to the polarization angleAfter the weight term is introduced, the ratio of the orthogonal polarization differential information is restrained, and the traditional polarization angle is effectively overcomePhase ambiguity in (a):
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, Representing an incident total light intensity image; An optical intensity difference image representing 0 ° and 90 ° polarization components; an intensity difference image representing 45 ° and 135 ° polarization components; The angle of polarization is given to the polarization, ；In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,。
In step S5, the polarization-imparted imagePolarization angle-shaped images are describedAngle of polarization formingIs a relative relationship of (a). By polarization anglePolarization angle-weighted image for referenceIs deviated from the following formula:
In the above-mentioned method, the step of, In order to be the angle of polarization,；The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,；Is ellipsometry.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3 to 8, as another embodiment of the present invention, a polarization parameter shaping method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 1, acquiring light intensity images in four different polarization directions by using an infrared polarization camera Calculating and obtaining a total light intensity image。
Step 2, calculating and obtaining weights of four polarized light components according to the following formula：
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；Is ellipsometry; In order for the scaling factor to be a factor, 。
Step 3, calculating and obtaining weighted polarized light component images under four different polarization angles according to the following formula：
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；Is ellipsometry; In order for the scaling factor to be a factor, 。
Step 4, calculating and obtaining a polarized component shaped image according to the following formulaAnd polarization angle shaped image：
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,Representing an incident total light intensity image; An optical intensity difference image representing 0 ° and 90 ° polarization components; an intensity difference image representing 45 ° and 135 ° polarization components; The angle of polarization is given to the polarization, ；In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,。
Calculating and obtaining different polarization forming anglesLower polarization angle shaped image。
Step 5, calculating and obtaining different polarization forming angles according to the following formulaLower polarization-imparted image：
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,In order to be the angle of polarization,；The angle of polarization is given to the polarization,；In order for the scaling factor to be a factor,；Is ellipsometry.
Calculating and obtaining polarization shaped image according to a polarization parameter shaping methodAnd shaping the image with the polarization componentIn (a) and (b)The fusion enhancement is carried out so that the fusion enhancement is carried out,Respectively, as shown in fig. 4. The fused image obviously enhances the polarization information of the vehicle, and simultaneously enhances the background detail information such as lane lines and the like.
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the traditional polarized image enhancement method so as to weaken the noise sensitivity problem of a polarized parametric image. The invention obtains different polarization forming angles by utilizing polarization difference information based on antenna theory and Stokes polarization parameter analysisLower polarization-imparted image. Each polarized shaped imageEach containing polarization characteristics of a portion of the scene.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A polarization parameter shaping method is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps of;
S1, acquiring light intensity images (I 0,I45,I90,I135) under four different polarization angles through a polarization camera, and calculating and obtaining a total light intensity image I sum;
s2, calculating and obtaining four polarized light component weights according to preset scaling factors K epsilon (0, 1) and polarization excipient angles phi epsilon (-90 degrees, 90 degrees) The weight of the polarized light component in the S2 is calculated by adopting the following formula:
In the above, phi is the polarization forming angle, phi epsilon (-90 degrees, 90 degrees); χ is ellipsometry; k is a scaling factor, K.epsilon.0, 1;
s3, calculating and obtaining weighted polarized light component images under four different polarization angles
S4, for weighted polarized light component imagesCalculating polarized component shaped image according to Stokes vector methodAnd a polarization angle-shaped image AoP φ; in the S4, the polarized component shape-imparting imageThe calculation formula is as follows:
In the above formula, S 0 represents an incident total light intensity image; s 1＝I0-I90 represents the light intensity difference image of the 0 DEG and 90 DEG polarization components; s 2＝I45-I135 denotes an intensity difference image of 45 ° and 135 ° polarization components; phi is the polarization forming angle, phi epsilon (-90 degrees, 90 degrees); k is a scaling factor, K.epsilon.0, 1;
The polarization component-shaped image is calculated as follows:
In the above, phi is the polarization forming angle, phi epsilon (-90 degrees, 90 degrees); θ is the polarization angle, θ ε [ -90 °,90 ° ]; a 2 represents the radiation intensity; χ is ellipsometry; k is a scaling factor, K.epsilon.0, 1;
the calculation formula of the polarization angle-shaped image AoP φ is as follows:
In the above formula, S 0 represents an incident total light intensity image; s 1＝I0-I90 represents the light intensity difference image of the 0 DEG and 90 DEG polarization components; s 2＝I45-I135 denotes an intensity difference image of 45 ° and 135 ° polarization components; phi is the polarization forming angle, phi epsilon (-90 degrees, 90 degrees); k is a scaling factor, K.epsilon.0, 1;
S5, calculating a polarization forming image according to the polarization angle forming image AoP φ and the polarization forming angle phi In the S5, the polarization-shaped imageThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
The polarization forming image is obtained by trigonometric function conversion The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
In the above formula, θ and χ represent the polarization angle and ellipsometry, respectively, θ ε [ -90 °,90 ° ]; phi is the polarization forming angle, phi epsilon (-90 degrees, 90 degrees); k is the scaling factor, K.epsilon.0, 1.
2. A polarization parameter shaping method according to claim 1, wherein: in the S3, four weighted polarized light component imagesThe calculation formula is as follows:
In the above formula, the total light intensity image I sum＝(I0+I90)＝(I45+I135).
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| CN105959514A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-21 | 河海大学 | Weak target imaging detection device and method |
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| CN105959514A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-21 | 河海大学 | Weak target imaging detection device and method |
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