CN118269438A - Pressure vessel prepared from composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pressure vessel prepared from composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118269438A CN118269438A CN202211683739.8A CN202211683739A CN118269438A CN 118269438 A CN118269438 A CN 118269438A CN 202211683739 A CN202211683739 A CN 202211683739A CN 118269438 A CN118269438 A CN 118269438A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 reinforcing fibres Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 63
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pressure vessel made of composite material, comprising an inner layer and an outer layer; the inner layer is formed by extending the inner liner layer along the direction of the rotating shaft to form a cylindrical space, and the outer layer is wrapped on the periphery of the inner layer by the composite material layer to form a reinforcing structure. The inner layer and the outer layer of the pressure vessel provided by the invention are made of thermoplastic materials, so that the pressure vessel has certain pressure resistance, and has the advantages of recycling, corrosion resistance and the like; meanwhile, the molding process provided by the invention can also enable the product to have high precision and high strength, is beneficial to assembly, can shorten the production time of the product, and obviously reduces the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure vessels, in particular to a pressure vessel made of composite materials and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The composite pressure vessel has the advantages of light weight, good corrosion resistance, strong designability, no generation of killing fragments during failure and the like, and is a relatively ideal light-weight high-strength high-performance pressure vessel. The device is widely applied to various fields such as aerospace, ships, automobiles, rescue and life saving, medical treatment and sanitation and the like.
With respect to the fabrication of composite pressure vessels, the current technology generally employs a metal liner or a thermoplastic liner that acts as a gas/liquid barrier in the vessel. Outside the lining layer there is a composite layer for maintaining the intra-cavity pressure, which is usually made of glass fiber or carbon fiber by a dip winding process; for example, in CN 109790377a, a single-layer liner pressure vessel for hydrogen storage is used, the liner is made of polyamide material by injection molding, and then the two shells are fixed together by welding; the composite pressure vessel mentioned in patent CN 1232751C is also a vessel made of an aluminum alloy thin-wall liner or a plastic thin-wall liner, and then a composite layer is prepared by winding a high-strength fiber-impregnated epoxy resin-based composite tape at a prestress dip angle outside the vessel; the solution mentioned in patent CN 101984763A is also to use a polymeric inner liner and an outer fiber reinforced polymeric structural layer. Similarly, patent CN 108692181B also uses a similar process.
However, the above technology has the problems that the composite material layers are prepared by adopting a fiber impregnating resin winding process, and the process is relatively complex, long in production time and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a pressure container made of a composite material and a specific preparation method thereof, and the method is simple and has higher production efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The present invention provides in a first aspect a pressure vessel made from a composite material, the pressure vessel comprising an inner layer and an outer layer; the inner layer is formed by extending an inner liner layer along the direction of the rotating shaft to form a cylindrical space, and the outer layer is formed by wrapping the periphery of the inner layer by a composite material layer to form a reinforced structure; wherein, the inner liner layer and the composite material layer are both prepared from thermoplastic materials.
In the pressure vessel provided by the present invention, the inner liner may be specifically selected from a high density polyethylene material or a polyamide material.
In some embodiments, the composite layer is prepared from thermoplastic materials, reinforcing fibers, flame retardants, and antistatic agents; specifically, the thermoplastic material in the present invention is a reinforced thermoplastic material using long fibers or a continuous fiber.
In some embodiments, the thermoplastic material in the composite layer may be specifically selected from one or more of polyamide, polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene oxide, or polyolefin, with polyamide or polypropylene generally being preferred. The reinforcing fibers in the composite layer may in particular be selected from one or more of glass fibers, carbon fibers or aramid fibers.
In some embodiments, the flame retardant is selected from one or more of aromatic bromides, cycloaliphatic bromides, aliphatic bromides, or antimony trioxide.
In some specific embodiments, the antistatic agent is selected from one or more of acetylene black, czech black, carbon nanotubes, glycerol stearate, ethoxylated alcohols, alkyl sulfate, or quaternary ammonium salts.
The present invention provides in a second aspect a method of making the pressure vessel described above, comprising the steps of:
(1) Placing the inner liner layer in a blow molding die, blowing compressed air into the inner cavity of the die to form a cylindrical space along the direction of a rotating shaft, and cooling and demolding to obtain the inner layer;
(2) And wrapping the outer periphery of the inner layer by adopting the composite material layer so as to symmetrically form an outer layer on the outer periphery of the inner layer, thereby obtaining the pressure container.
In the specific embodiment of the method, in the step (1), the inner liner made of thermoplastic material is put into a mold used in a blow molding process, the mold is closed, then compressed air is blown into the mold cavity to blow the plastic parison to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the mold, and finally the inner layer is obtained after cooling and demolding. In the implementation process, the blowing and demolding processes can adopt the technical means conventional in the art, and specific control parameters are not repeated here.
In a specific embodiment of the method of the present invention, the step (2) uses a composite material layer to wrap the formed inner layer by an injection molding process or a mold pressing process, thereby obtaining the pressure vessel.
In some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the composite material layer is divided into two parts that are symmetrical left and right or symmetrical up and down, and the two parts of the composite material layer are assembled by a movable connection manner (such as riveting or bolting) so as to achieve that the inner layer is wrapped on the outer part of the composite material layer, thereby obtaining the pressure container of the present invention.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following technical effects:
The inner liner layer and the composite material layer of the pressure vessel provided by the invention are made of thermoplastic materials, can be recycled and reused, and have no pollution to the environment. Meanwhile, the method of the invention adopts an injection molding process or a mould pressing process to wrap the composite material layer on the inner layer, so that the product can keep high precision and high strength, the assembly is facilitated, the production time is short, and the production cost is reduced.
The pressure intensity of the pressure vessel prepared by the composite material can reach 5-10 MPa.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a further description of the invention will be provided with reference to the following examples. It should be understood that the following examples are only for better understanding of the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention to the following examples.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Where specific experimental steps or conditions are not noted in the examples, they may be performed according to the operations or conditions of the corresponding conventional experimental steps in the art. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the method of detecting a pressure vessel was as follows:
The method for testing the pressure of the container comprises the following steps: ISO11119-3.
Example 1
(1) The inner liner is made of high-density polyethylene material, the high-density polyethylene material is placed in a blow molding die, a plastic parison is blown up by blowing compressed air into the inner cavity of the die to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the die, and then a cylindrical inner cavity is obtained after cooling and demolding;
(2) The composite material layer of the outer layer adopts a glass fiber reinforced polyamide material, the outer layer which is bilaterally symmetrical is obtained by injection molding outside the formed cylindrical inner cavity through a mould pressing process, and the bilaterally symmetrical two parts are fixed together through riveting or bolts so as to form the outer layer outside the inner cavity, thus obtaining the pressure container.
The compression molding process time of the whole outer layer of the pressure vessel is about 10 minutes.
The pressure vessel obtained in this example was able to pass the vessel pressure test (ISO 11119-3).
Example 2
(1) The inner liner is made of high-density polyethylene material, the high-density polyethylene material is placed in a blow molding die, a plastic parison is blown up by blowing compressed air into the inner cavity of the die to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the die, and then a cylindrical inner cavity is obtained after cooling and demolding;
(2) The composite material layer of the outer layer adopts a carbon fiber reinforced polyamide material, the outer layer which is bilaterally symmetrical is obtained by injection molding outside the formed cylindrical inner cavity through an injection molding process, and the bilaterally symmetrical two parts are fixed together through riveting or bolts so as to form the outer layer outside the inner cavity, thus obtaining the pressure container.
The compression molding process time of the whole outer layer of the pressure vessel is about 5 minutes.
The pressure vessel obtained in this example was able to pass the vessel pressure test (ISO 11119-3).
Example 3
(1) The inner liner is made of high-density polyethylene material, the high-density polyethylene material is placed in a blow molding die, a plastic parison is blown up by blowing compressed air into the inner cavity of the die to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the die, and then a cylindrical inner cavity is obtained after cooling and demolding;
(2) The composite material layer of the outer layer is made of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material, an upper and a lower symmetrical outer cavities are obtained by die pressing outside the formed cylindrical inner cavities through a die pressing process, and then the upper and the lower symmetrical outer cavities are fixed together through riveting or bolts, so that the outer layer is formed outside the inner cavities, and then the pressure container is obtained.
The compression molding process time of the whole outer layer of the pressure vessel is about 10 minutes.
The pressure vessel obtained in this example was able to pass the vessel pressure test (ISO 11119-3).
Example 4
(1) The inner liner is made of high-density polyethylene material, the high-density polyethylene material is placed in a blow molding die, a plastic parison is blown up by blowing compressed air into the inner cavity of the die to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the die, and then a cylindrical inner cavity is obtained after cooling and demolding;
(2) The outer composite material layer adopts kevlar fiber reinforced polyphenyl ether, an upper and a lower symmetrical outer cavities are obtained outside the formed cylindrical inner cavities through injection molding by an injection molding process, and then the upper and the lower symmetrical outer cavities are fixed together through riveting or bolts, so that the outer layer is formed outside the inner cavities, and then the pressure vessel is obtained.
The compression molding process time of the whole outer layer of the pressure vessel is about 5 minutes.
The pressure vessel obtained in this example was able to pass the vessel pressure test (ISO 11119-3).
Comparative example 1
The inner layer is prepared by adopting thermoplastic materials through blow molding, and then the periphery of the whole inner layer is wrapped with a reinforced composite material layer to obtain a pressure container; the reinforced composite layer is prepared by winding resin (epoxy) impregnated tows using an originating winding technique.
After winding, the pressure vessel is subjected to a hardening process in which, in a first stage of the hardening process, the vessel is heated to a temperature of 20 ℃ and thereafter maintained at this temperature for a period of 16 to 28 hours. During this time, the polymer is crosslinked. After crosslinking, the temperature was gradually increased to 45 ℃ and maintained at this temperature for 24 hours; then, the temperature was again raised to 70 ℃ and maintained for 24 hours; finally, the temperature was reduced to 23 ℃ for 12 hours.
The processing and forming time of the whole composite material layer is about 84 hours.
Comparative example 2
The inner layer is prepared by adopting a thermoplastic material to carry out blow molding process, then the composite material layer is wound on the outer surface of the inner layer in a full winding mode, the composite material layer consists of epoxy resin and fiber, then the wound container is solidified, and the solidifying method is that the full winding composite gas cylinder is heated to 100-120 ℃, the temperature is kept for 120-130 minutes, and the container is naturally cooled after being discharged from a furnace.
The processing and forming time of the whole composite material layer is about 3 hours.
The molding times of the outer layer in the pressure vessel obtained by the above example are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Time (minutes) for forming outer layer of pressure vessel | |
| Example 1 | 10 |
| Example 2 | 5 |
| Example 3 | 10 |
| Example 4 | 5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5000 |
| Comparative example 2 | 200 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the pressure vessel prepared by the invention has simple processing technology, obviously shortens the molding time and obviously improves the production efficiency; meanwhile, the pressure container provided by the invention can pass the test of the pressure container, has certain pressure resistance, and has the advantages of recycling, corrosion resistance and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that certain modifications and adaptations of the invention are possible and can be made under the teaching of the present specification. Such modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A pressure vessel made of a composite material, the pressure vessel comprising an inner layer and an outer layer; the inner layer is formed by extending an inner liner layer along the direction of the rotating shaft to form a cylindrical space, and the outer layer is formed by wrapping the periphery of the inner layer by a composite material layer to form a reinforced structure;
wherein, the inner liner layer and the composite material layer are both prepared from thermoplastic materials.
2. The pressure vessel of claim 1, wherein the inner liner is selected from a high density polyethylene material or a polyamide material.
3. Pressure vessel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composite layer is made of thermoplastic material, reinforcing fibres, flame retardants and antistatic agents.
4. A pressure vessel according to claim 3, wherein the thermoplastic material in the composite layer is selected from one or more of polyamide, polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene oxide or polyolefin, preferably polyamide or polypropylene.
5. The pressure vessel of claim 4, wherein the reinforcing fibers in the composite layer are selected from one or more of glass fibers, carbon fibers, or aramid fibers.
6. The pressure vessel of claim 5, wherein the flame retardant is selected from one or more of aromatic bromide, cycloaliphatic bromide, aliphatic bromide, or antimony trioxide.
7. The pressure vessel of claim 6, wherein the antistatic agent is selected from one or more of acetylene black, czech black, carbon nanotubes, glycerol stearate, ethoxylated alcohols, alkyl sulfate, or quaternary ammonium salts.
8. A method of preparing a pressure vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) Placing the inner liner layer in a blow molding die, blowing compressed air into the inner cavity of the die to form a cylindrical space along the direction of a rotating shaft, and cooling and demolding to obtain the inner layer;
(2) And wrapping the outer periphery of the inner layer by adopting the composite material layer so as to symmetrically form an outer layer on the outer periphery of the inner layer, thereby obtaining the pressure container.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the composite layer is applied to the inner layer in step (2) using an injection molding process or a compression molding process.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the composite layer is divided into two parts that are symmetrical up and down or side to encapsulate the inner layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211683739.8A CN118269438A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Pressure vessel prepared from composite material and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211683739.8A CN118269438A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Pressure vessel prepared from composite material and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118269438A true CN118269438A (en) | 2024-07-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211683739.8A Pending CN118269438A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Pressure vessel prepared from composite material and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118269438A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-12-27 CN CN202211683739.8A patent/CN118269438A/en active Pending
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