CN118264069A

CN118264069A - Excitation, motor, generator, and excitation manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: CN118264069A
Application number: CN202311785437.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 山村光宏; 朝内昇; 山田岳史; 草濑新
Original assignee: Seiko Epson Corp
Current assignee: Seiko Epson Corp
Priority date: 2022-12-26
Filing date: 2023-12-22
Publication date: 2024-06-28
Also published as: JP2024092780A

Abstract

A field, a motor, a generator, and a method of manufacturing the field are provided, which have a high magnetic flux density and are easy to assemble. The magnetic field generator is characterized by comprising a plurality of pole pairs each comprising a plurality of magnets aligned along an alignment axis and generating a magnetic field in a magnetic field generating direction orthogonal to the alignment axis, wherein each of the pole pairs is composed of a first main magnet which is the magnet magnetized in a first magnetization direction identical to the magnetic field generating direction, a second main magnet which is the magnet magnetized in a second magnetization direction opposite to the magnetic field generating direction, and a sub magnet which is the magnet disposed between the first main magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a third magnetization direction parallel to the alignment axis, and wherein the third magnetization directions of the adjacent pole pairs are identical to each other.

Description

Excitation, motor, generator, and excitation manufacturing method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a field, a motor, a generator, and a method of manufacturing the field.

Background

Patent document 1 discloses a linear synchronous motor including a mover having a coil and a stator having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged along a straight line. In the stator, the magnetization direction of the adjacent permanent magnets is changed by 90 ° in the moving direction and orthogonal direction of the mover. In such a linear synchronous motor, the magnetic flux density formed above the magnet array is high, and the distribution of the magnetic flux density can be made sinusoidal, so that fluctuation in mover thrust can be reduced. The magnet array described in patent document 1 is formed by sandwiching an adhesive and a thin nonmagnetic material, and connecting a plurality of permanent magnets.

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2003-70226

Disclosure of Invention

The magnet array (magnetic pole array) described in patent document 1 is also called halbach array (halbach magnet array). The halbach array is composed of a main magnet generating a magnetic field perpendicular to the moving direction of the mover and a sub magnet generating a magnetic field parallel to the moving direction of the mover. In two sub magnets adjacent to each other with the main magnet interposed therebetween, the magnetization directions are opposite to each other, so that a large magnetic repulsive force is generated. The assembly of the magnetic pole rows of the halbach array needs to be performed while resisting the magnetic repulsive force, and thus there is a technical problem of low work efficiency.

Therefore, achieving excitation with high magnetic flux density and easy assembly work is a technical problem.

The excitation according to the application example of the present invention includes a plurality of pole pairs each including a plurality of magnets aligned along an alignment axis, and generates a magnetic field in a magnetic field generation direction orthogonal to the alignment axis,

The pole pair is composed of a first main magnet, a second main magnet and a subsidiary magnet,

The first main magnet is the magnet magnetized in a first magnetization direction same as the magnetic field generation direction,

The second main magnet is the magnet magnetized in a second magnetization direction opposite to the magnetic field generation direction,

The auxiliary magnet is a magnet which is arranged between the first main magnet and the second main magnet and magnetized in a third magnetization direction parallel to the arrangement axis,

The third magnetization directions are mutually identical between adjacent ones of the pole pairs.

The motor according to an application example of the present invention includes:

Excitation according to application examples of the present invention;

And an armature disposed in the magnetic field generating direction of the excitation.

The generator according to an application example of the present invention includes: excitation according to application examples of the present invention; and an armature disposed in the magnetic field generating direction of the excitation.

The method for manufacturing an excitation according to an application example of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an excitation including a plurality of pole pairs each including a plurality of magnets aligned along an alignment axis and generating a magnetic field in a magnetic field generation direction orthogonal to the alignment axis,

The manufacturing method is to arrange a first main magnet, a second main magnet, and a sub-magnet for each of the pole pairs,

The auxiliary magnet is the magnet magnetized in a third magnetization direction parallel to the arrangement axis between the first main magnet and the second main magnet,

In the manufacturing method, when the first main magnet, the second main magnet, and the auxiliary magnet are arranged for each of the pole pairs, the auxiliary magnets are arranged so that the third magnetization directions of the adjacent pole pairs are identical to each other.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a linear motor as a motor according to a first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram comparing excitation provided in the linear motor of fig. 1 with excitation of the related art.

Fig. 3 is a simulation result showing the distribution of magnetic flux lines generated from excitation obtained by performing two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis on the three models shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a simulation result showing a distribution of magnetic flux density formed by excitation obtained by performing two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis on the three models shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a model of a motor in which excitation of the novel array shown in fig. 2 and the armature shown in fig. 1 are combined.

Fig. 6 is a simulation result showing a time change of magnetic flux interlinked with a coil of the armature obtained by performing two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis on the model shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a modification of excitation.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of an axial gap motor as the motor according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing excitation provided in the axial gap motor of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a radial gap motor as a motor according to a third embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing excitation provided in the radial gap motor shown in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a flowchart showing a configuration of a method for manufacturing excitation according to the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 12.

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 12.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 12.

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 12.

Fig. 18 is a flowchart showing the configuration of the method of manufacturing the excitation according to the first modification.

Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 22 is a flowchart showing the configuration of a method of manufacturing excitation according to the second modification.

Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 22.

Description of the reference numerals

1A … linear motor; 1C … axial gap motor; 1F … radial gap motor; 2 … stators; 2C … stators; 2F … stator; 3 … excitation; 3C … excitation; 3F … is excited; 3a … is excited; 3b … is excited; 5 … promoters; a 5C … rotor; a 5F … rotor; 6 … armatures; 6C … armature; 6F … armature; 10 … axes; 32 … poles; 32C … poles; 32F … poles; 32a … poles; 32b … poles; 33 … pole pairs; 35 … frames; 38 … back yoke; 62 … cores; 63 … teeth; 64 … coils; 321 … first main magnet; 322 … second main magnets; 323 … magnets; 352 … upper plate; 354 … lower plate; 356 … partition walls; AX1 … is arranged on the axis; AX2 … opposite axes; AX3 … rotation axis; m … magnetization direction; m1 … first magnetization direction; m2 … second magnetization direction; m3 … third magnetization direction; s102 …, working procedure; s104 …, working procedure; s106 …, working procedure; s108 … step; s202 …, working procedure; s204 …, working procedure; s206 …, working procedure; s208 …, working procedure; s302 … step; s304 … procedure.

Detailed Description

The excitation, motor, generator, and method of manufacturing the excitation according to the present invention will be described in detail below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

1. First embodiment

First, a linear motor as the motor according to the first embodiment will be described.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a linear motor 1A as a motor according to a first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram comparing the excitation 3 of the linear motor 1A of fig. 1 with the prior art excitation 3a, 3b.

In each of the drawings in the present specification, the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis are set as three axes orthogonal to each other. Each axis is indicated by an arrow, and the tip side is referred to as "positive side" and the base side is referred to as "negative side". In addition, two directions parallel to the x-axis are referred to as x-axis directions, and two directions parallel to the z-axis are referred to as z-axis directions. The positive z-axis side is referred to as "up", and the negative z-axis side is referred to as "down".

As shown in fig. 1, a linear motor 1A according to the first embodiment includes a stator 2 and a mover 5.

As shown in fig. 1, the stator 2 includes an excitation 3 and a back yoke 38. The excitation 3 has a plurality of magnetic poles 32 aligned along an alignment axis AX1 set in the x-axis direction. In the linear motor 1A shown in fig. 1, since the mover 5 is linearly driven along the stator 2, the length of the stator 2 determines the driving range. Therefore, the number of magnetic poles 32 included in the field 3 is appropriately set according to the driving range and the individual length of the magnetic poles 32.

As shown in fig. 1, the mover 5 includes an armature 6. The armature 6 is disposed along an opposing axis AX2 set in the z-axis direction so as to oppose the excitation 3. The armature 6 has a core 62 including teeth 63, and a coil 64.

A predetermined gap is provided between the stator 2 and the mover 5, and the mover 5 is linearly driven in the x-axis direction along the stator 2 by electromagnetic force. The combination of the stator and the excitation, and the mover and the armature may be reversed. That is, the stator may be provided with an armature, and the mover may be provided with excitation.

In the following description, the upper side of the excitation 3 is also referred to as the "magnetic field generation direction". The magnetic field generation direction refers to a direction in which an object to which magnetic flux generated from the excitation 3 acts is arranged, and is a direction based on the excitation 3. In the case of fig. 1, the armature 6 is the object.

The linear motor 1A is an electric motor, and converts input electric energy into mechanical energy. On the other hand, since the linear motor 1A has a function of converting mechanical energy into electric energy, it can be also transferred to a generator. The generator according to the embodiment also includes the field 3 and the armature 6 arranged in the magnetic field generation direction of the field 3, similarly to the linear motor 1A.

1.1. Excitation method

The excitation 3 has a plurality of magnetic poles 32 aligned along an alignment axis AX 1. In the following description, the plurality of magnetic poles 32 forming a column are also referred to as a magnetic pole column. The magnetic pole 32 is a permanent magnet. The magnetization directions of the plurality of magnetic poles 32 are set to periodically vary along the arrangement axis AX 1.

Examples of the permanent magnet include neodymium magnets, ferrite magnets, samarium cobalt magnets, alnico magnets, and bonded magnets, but are not limited thereto.

In fig. 2, a part of the magnetic poles 32 is extracted from the magnetic pole row shown in fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view when the magnetic pole row is cut off by a plane (plane) set to include the arrangement axis AX1 and the opposite axis AX 2.

In fig. 2, the magnetization directions M of the respective magnetic poles 32, 32a, 32b are shown by arrows inside the respective magnetic poles 32, 32a, 32 b. In fig. 2, three examples of the different changing patterns when the magnetization directions of the magnetic poles 32, 32a, 32b periodically change along the arrangement axis AX1 are compared. The excitation 3a and 3b in fig. 2 correspond to the prior art, respectively, and the excitation 3 in fig. 2 is the excitation according to the present embodiment. The change in the magnetization direction M shown in fig. 2 corresponds to two cycles.

In the excitation 3a, the magnetization directions M of the four magnetic poles 32a periodically change in a pattern called NS array. The NS array is a magnetic pole row in which the magnetization directions M of two adjacent magnetic poles 32a are set parallel to the opposing axis AX2 and are opposite to each other.

In the excitation 3b, the magnetization directions M of the eight magnetic poles 32a, 32b periodically change in a pattern called halbach array. In the halbach array in the present specification, when the magnetic poles 32a of the NS array are each a main magnetic pole, the magnetic poles 32b serving as sub-magnetic poles are sandwiched between the main magnetic poles, and the magnetization direction is set to a magnetic pole row which is rotated by 90 ° in succession toward the positive x-axis side, for example. Therefore, the magnetization direction M of the magnetic pole 32b as the subsidiary magnetic pole is parallel to the arrangement axis AX1, and in addition, two kinds of magnetic poles 32b are included in one repeating unit.

In the excitation 3, the magnetization direction M of the magnetic pole 32 is changed in the same pattern as the halbach array described above except that the magnetic pole 32b whose magnetization direction M is toward the positive side of the x-axis is removed. In this specification, the magnetic pole row whose magnetization direction M is changed in this way is referred to as a "novel array". The novel array is a magnetic pole row in which a first main magnet 321 and a second main magnet 322 corresponding to main magnetic poles of the halbach array and a sub magnet 323 corresponding to sub magnetic poles of the halbach array having a magnetization direction M directed toward the negative side of the x axis are repeatedly arranged. These magnets correspond to the poles 32 described above.

In this specification, the repeating unit of the novel array is referred to as "pole pair 33". That is, the pole pair 33 is a repeating unit having a magnet group in which the first main magnet 321, the sub magnet 323, and the second main magnet 322 are arranged in this order. The magnetization directions M of the sub magnets 323 are set to be the same as each other between the adjacent pole pairs 33.

In the conventional halbach array, two kinds of magnetic poles 32b having different magnetization directions M exist as the auxiliary magnetic poles. Therefore, when the pole rows of the halbach array are formed, the magnetization directions M of the sub-poles are opposed to each other, so that a large magnetic repulsive force is generated. In the assembly work of the magnetic pole rows, the work needs to be performed while resisting the magnetic repulsive force, and therefore, there is a technical problem of low work efficiency.

In contrast, in the novel array, the magnetization directions M of the included sub magnets 323 are aligned in one direction (x-axis negative side) between the adjacent pole pairs 33. Therefore, since no magnetic repulsive force is generated between the sub magnets 323, the assembly work of the magnetic pole rows can be easily performed. As a result, the magnetic pole rows of the novel array have an advantage of high assembly efficiency.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2, when the lengths of the repeating units in the X-axis direction are aligned, the distance between the sub magnets 323 in the novel array is longer than the distance between the magnetic poles 32b (sub magnetic poles) in the halbach array. This is because the two poles 32 (the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322) are sandwiched between the auxiliary magnets 323 in the novel array. If the distance between the sub-magnets 323 can be increased in this way, the probability of mutual attraction can be reduced even if the sub-magnets 323 are unintentionally reversed during assembly. Thus, from such a viewpoint, the assembling work efficiency can be improved.

Here, when the magnetization direction M of the first main magnet 321 is set to "the first magnetization direction M1", the first magnetization direction M1 is set to be the same direction as the magnetic field generation direction (z-axis positive side). The angle between the first magnetization direction M1 and the opposite axis AX2 is preferably 0 °, but may be 3 ° or less in consideration of manufacturing errors. If in this range, it can be regarded as "the same direction".

When the magnetization direction M of the second main magnet 322 is set to "the second magnetization direction M2", the second magnetization direction M2 is set to the direction opposite to the magnetic field generation direction (the negative z-axis side). The angle formed by the second magnetization direction M2 and the opposite axis AX2 is preferably 0 °, but may be 3 ° or less in consideration of manufacturing errors. If in this range, it can be regarded as "opposite direction".

When the magnetization direction M of the sub magnet 323 is set to "the third magnetization direction M3", the third magnetization direction M3 is set to be parallel to the alignment axis AX1 and is on the negative side of the x axis. The angle formed by the third magnetization direction M3 and the alignment axis AX1 is preferably 0 °, but may be 3 ° or less in consideration of manufacturing errors. If this range is included, it can be regarded as "parallel to the arrangement axis AX 1".

The first main magnet 321, the second main magnet 322, and the auxiliary magnet 323 are fixed to each other via an adhesive, for example, not shown. The magnets and the back yoke 38 are also fixed to each other, for example, via an adhesive.

On the other hand, in the novel array, the magnetic flux lines can be concentrated on the armature 6 side as in the halbach array. The magnetic flux line distribution, the magnetic flux density distribution, and the interlinkage magnetic flux, which are improved by the novel array, will be described below.

1.1.1. Distribution of magnetic flux lines

Fig. 3 is a simulation result showing the distribution of magnetic flux lines generated from the excitation 3a, 3b, 3 obtained by performing two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis on the three models shown in fig. 2. The three models shown in fig. 3 are models corresponding to excitation 3a of the NS array, excitation 3b of the halbach array, and excitation 3 of the new array shown in fig. 2. The horizontal axis in fig. 3 is a position along the alignment axis AX1, and the vertical axis is a position along the opposing axis AX 2.

As shown in fig. 3, in the excitation 3a of the NS array, the generated magnetic flux lines are equally distributed over and under the excitation 3 a. In contrast, in the excitation 3b of the halbach array, the generated magnetic flux lines are distributed to be biased to the upper side of the excitation 3 b. Therefore, when the armature 6 is arranged above the field 3b, the number of magnetic fluxes interlinking with the coil 64 of the armature 6 can be increased as compared with the field 3 a.

In contrast, in the excitation 3 of the new array, the same magnetic flux line distribution as that of the halbach array and the same magnetic flux line distribution as that of the NS array are mixed. Specifically, above the pole pair 33, the generated magnetic flux lines are distributed upward like the halbach array. On the other hand, the magnetic flux lines generated in the upper and lower sides of the gap between the pole pairs 33 are distributed substantially uniformly in the upper and lower sides. Thus, in general, the magnetic flux lines can be biased to the upper side of the excitation 3. Therefore, when the armature 6 is arranged above the field 3, the number of magnetic fluxes interlinking with the coil 64 of the armature 6 can be increased as compared with the field 3 a.

1.1.2. Distribution of magnetic flux density

Fig. 4 is a simulation result showing the distribution of magnetic flux density formed by the excitation 3a, 3b, 3 obtained by performing two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis on the three models shown in fig. 2. The three models shown in fig. 4 are models corresponding to excitation 3a of the NS array, excitation 3b of the halbach array, and excitation 3 of the new array shown in fig. 2. The magnetic flux density shown in fig. 4 is a value of the upper surfaces of the excitations 3a, 3b, 3. The horizontal axis in fig. 4 is a position along the alignment axis AX1, and the vertical axis is a position along the opposing axis AX 2.

As shown in fig. 4, the two-dimensional distribution of the magnetic flux density formed on the upper surface of the excitation 3a of the NS array becomes a distribution that periodically changes in a waveform close to a rectangular wave. The two-dimensional distribution of the magnetic flux density formed on the upper surface of the excitation 3b of the halbach array is distributed such that the amplitude of the change in the magnetic flux density is larger than that of the NS array. In particular, in the distribution of the magnetic flux density in the halbach array, two sharp peaks were confirmed for each pole pair 33.

In contrast, the maximum amplitude of the two-dimensional distribution of the magnetic flux density formed on the upper surface of the excitation 3 of the novel array is approximately the same as that in the case of the halbach array. Thus, it can be said that the novel array, like the halbach array, also improves the density of the magnetic flux formed compared to the NS array.

On the other hand, in the distribution of the magnetic flux density in the halbach array, two sharp peaks were confirmed for each pole pair 33, whereas in the distribution of the magnetic flux density in the novel array, one sharp peak was confirmed for each pole pair 33. Thus, it can be said that the magnetic flux density in the novel array is slightly lower than that in the halbach array, although the magnetic flux density is higher than that in the NS array.

According to the above, the novel array can solve the technical problems associated with the assembly work of the magnetic pole rows of the halbach array, and can improve the magnetic flux density in the magnetic field generation direction compared to the NS array. Further, the increase in magnetic flux density can contribute to the increase in torque of the linear motor 1A or the miniaturization while maintaining the torque. Similarly, an increase in magnetic flux density can contribute to an increase in efficiency of the generator or a reduction in size while maintaining efficiency.

1.1.3. Linkage magnetic flux

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a model of a motor in which the excitation 3 of the novel array shown in fig. 2 and the armature 6 shown in fig. 1 are combined. In the model shown in fig. 5, when the first main magnet 321 is opposed to one tooth 63, the second main magnet 322 is also opposed to the other tooth 63. Fig. 6 is a simulation result showing a time change of magnetic flux interlinked with the coil 64 of the armature 6, which is obtained by performing two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis on the model shown in fig. 5.

When the magnetic flux generated from the excitation 3 of the new array is interlinked with the coil 64, as shown in fig. 6, the amplitude of the time-varying change of the interlinked magnetic flux is larger than that of the NS array and smaller than that of the halbach array. From this result, it was confirmed that in the motor using the field 3 of the novel array, the motor can be made higher in torque or smaller while maintaining torque than the motor using the field 3a of the NS array. In addition, the generator can be miniaturized while maintaining efficiency.

As shown in fig. 6, the time-varying waveform of the interlinkage magnetic flux is a waveform close to a sine wave. This can be confirmed to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the motor and the generator, and to suppress the occurrence of torque ripple and the like in the motor.

1.2. Back yoke

The back yoke 38 shown in fig. 1 is a plate-like member that supports the excitation 3, and is provided as needed. By providing the back yoke 38, the magnetic field generated by the excitation 3 can be enhanced.

As a constituent material of the back yoke 38, a soft magnetic material is preferably used. Examples of the soft magnetic material include a block body such as pure iron, carbon steel, and cast iron, a laminate of electromagnetic steel sheets, a pressed powder of magnetic powder, and a mixture of an electromagnetic steel sheet and magnetic powder.

1.3. Armature

As described above, the armature 6 has the core 62 and the plurality of coils 64 aligned along the alignment axis AX 1. The core 62 includes a plurality of teeth 63, and a coil 64 is wound around each tooth 63. The number of teeth 63 and the number of coils 64 are not particularly limited. The coil 64 may be wound directly around the teeth 63, or may be wound around a bobbin or the like in advance, and may be covered on the teeth 63.

1.4. Variation of excitation

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a modification of the excitation 3.

The excitation 3 shown in fig. 7 includes a pole pair 33 and a frame 35 surrounding the pole pair 33. The frame 35 has an upper plate 352 and a lower plate 354 extending along the x-y plane, and a partition 356 extending along the y-z plane and connecting the upper plate 352 and the lower plate 354. The partition 356 is disposed between adjacent pole pairs 33. By providing such a housing 35, the pole pair 33 can be stably fixed. This makes it possible to improve the stability of the assembled excitation 3 and to facilitate the assembly of the excitation 3, thereby improving the efficiency of the assembly operation. In particular, in the assembly work, the partition walls 356 that separate the adjacent pole pairs 33 from each other can effectively suppress the adsorption of the sub magnets 323 from each other.

Further, by providing the housing 35, the flatness of the upper surface of the excitation 3 can be improved. Accordingly, the distance between the stator 2 and the mover 5 shown in fig. 1 can be made closer, and the torque of the linear motor 1A can be increased or reduced.

As a constituent material of the frame 35, for example, a metal material such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, a resin material, and the like are cited.

The housing 35 may be made of a magnetic material, but is preferably made of a non-magnetic material. If the magnetic circuit passes through the excitation 3, the casing 35 is less likely to be magnetoresistive. Thus, by using a nonmagnetic material, the frame 35 that achieves the above-described effect can be realized while suppressing a decrease in the magnetic flux density formed by the excitation 3.

2. Second embodiment

Next, an axial gap motor as a motor according to a second embodiment will be described.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of an axial gap motor 1C as a motor according to a second embodiment. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the excitation 3C provided in the axial gap motor 1C of fig. 8.

In the following, the second embodiment will be described, but in the following, the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the description thereof will be omitted. In the following drawings, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

As shown in fig. 8, the axial gap motor 1C includes a shaft 10 extending along the rotation axis AX3, and a stator 2C and a rotor 5C arranged along the shaft 10.

The stator 2C includes an armature 6C. The armature 6C has a core 62 and a coil 64. The number of coils 64 is appropriately set according to the number of phases of the current flowing through the coils 64, the excitation 3C, and other conditions.

The rotor 5C includes the excitation 3C and the back yoke 38. As shown in fig. 9, the excitation 3C has a plurality of magnetic poles 32C aligned along the alignment axis AX 1. The arrangement axis AX1 is set around the rotation axis AX 3. The number of the magnetic poles 32C of the excitation 3C is set appropriately according to the number of the coils 64 and other conditions.

In the axial gap motor 1C shown in fig. 8, the rotor 5C is rotationally driven about the rotation axis AX 3. In addition, the rotor 5C is connected to the shaft 10. If the rotor 5C is driven to rotate, the shaft 10 rotates accordingly.

The combination of the stator and the armature, and the rotor and the excitation may be reversed. That is, the stator may be provided with excitation, and the rotor may be provided with an armature.

The excitation 3C has a plurality of magnetic poles 32C aligned along the alignment axis AX 1. When the excitation 3C shown in fig. 9 is cut off on a surface (curved surface) set to include the alignment axis AX1 and the opposite axis AX2, the same cross-sectional view as the excitation 3 shown in fig. 2 is obtained. The excitation 3C is the same as the excitation 3 described above, except that the kind of motor to be applied is different.

Since the field 3C also has a new array of magnetic pole rows, the assembly work can be easily performed. The excitation 3C contributes to the realization of the axial gap motor 1C in which the torque is increased or the reduction in size of the axial gap motor 1C without losing torque.

The axial gap motor 1C is an electric motor, and converts input electric energy into mechanical energy. On the other hand, the axial gap motor 1C has a function of converting mechanical energy into electric energy, and thus can be also used as a generator. The generator according to the embodiment also includes the field 3C and the armature 6C arranged in the magnetic field generation direction of the field 3C, similarly to the axial gap motor 1C. The excitation 3C can contribute to the high efficiency of the generator or the miniaturization while maintaining the efficiency.

In the second embodiment as described above, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

3. Third embodiment

Next, a radial gap motor as a motor according to a third embodiment will be described.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a radial gap motor 1F as a motor according to a third embodiment. Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing excitation 3F provided in the radial gap motor 1F shown in fig. 10.

In the following, a third embodiment will be described, but in the following, differences from the first and second embodiments will be mainly described, and the description thereof will be omitted for the same matters. In the following drawings, the same components as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

As shown in fig. 10, the radial gap motor 1F includes a shaft 10 extending along the rotation axis AX3, and a stator 2F and a rotor 5F disposed so as to face each other in the radial direction of the shaft 10.

The stator 2F includes the excitation 3F and the back yoke 38. As shown in fig. 11, the excitation 3F has a plurality of magnetic poles 32F aligned along the alignment axis AX 1. The number of the magnetic poles 32F of the excitation 3F is appropriately set according to the number of the coils 64 and other conditions.

The rotor 5F includes an armature 6F. The armature 6F has a core 62 and a coil 64.

In the radial gap motor 1F shown in fig. 10, the rotor 5F is rotationally driven about the rotation axis AX 3. In addition, the rotor 5F is connected to the shaft 10. If the rotor 5F is driven to rotate, the shaft 10 rotates accordingly.

The combination of the stator and the excitation, and the rotor and the armature may be reversed. That is, the stator may be provided with an armature, and the rotor may be provided with excitation.

The excitation 3F has a plurality of magnetic poles 32F aligned along the alignment axis AX 1. When the magnetic pole 32F shown in fig. 11 is cut off on a surface (a plane orthogonal to the z-axis) set to include the alignment axis AX1 and the opposing axis AX2, the same cross-sectional view as the excitation 3 shown in fig. 2 is obtained. The excitation 3F is the same as the excitation 3 described above, except that the kind of motor to be applied is different.

Since the field 3F also has a new array of magnetic pole rows, the assembly work can be easily performed. The excitation 3F contributes to the radial gap motor 1F that achieves a high torque or the radial gap motor 1F that achieves a small size without losing torque.

The radial gap motor 1F is an electric motor, and converts input electric energy into mechanical energy. On the other hand, the radial gap motor 1F has a function of converting mechanical energy into electric energy, and thus can be also used as a generator. The generator according to the embodiment also includes the field 3F and the armature 6F arranged in the magnetic field generation direction of the field 3F, like the radial gap motor 1F. The excitation 3F can contribute to the high efficiency of the generator or the miniaturization while maintaining the efficiency.

In the third embodiment as described above, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

4. Fourth embodiment

Next, a method for manufacturing excitation according to a fourth embodiment will be described.

Fig. 12 is a flowchart showing a configuration of a method for manufacturing excitation according to the fourth embodiment. Fig. 13 to 17 are cross-sectional views for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 12. In the following description, a method of manufacturing the excitation 3 shown in fig. 2 will be described as an example.

In the following, a fourth embodiment will be described, but in the following, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the description thereof will be omitted. In the drawings, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The method for manufacturing the excitation 3 shown in fig. 12 includes: step S102, disposing a first main magnet 321; step S104, disposing the auxiliary magnet 323; step S106, disposing a second main magnet 322; and step S108, judging whether all the magnets are arranged.

In step S102, as shown in fig. 13, the back yoke 38 is prepared, and the first main magnet 321 is disposed on the upper surface thereof. The first main magnet 321 is fixed to the back yoke 38 using, for example, an adhesive. Further, an engaged portion for engaging the first main magnet 321 may be provided in the back yoke 38, if necessary. This can improve positioning accuracy. These matters are also similar to those of the sub-magnet 323 and the second main magnet 322.

In step S104, as shown in fig. 14, the sub magnet 323 is disposed adjacent to the first main magnet 321. The third magnetization directions M3 of the auxiliary magnets 323 are the same direction as each other between the adjacent pole pairs 33, and the auxiliary magnets 323 are sufficiently separated from each other. Therefore, when the sub-magnets 323 are arranged in step S104, the sub-magnets 323 can be easily arranged without generating magnetic repulsive force between them.

In step S106, as shown in fig. 15, the second main magnet 322 is disposed adjacent to the sub-magnet 323.

In step S108, it is determined whether or not all the magnets are disposed. When all the magnets are arranged, the flow ends. On the other hand, if there is a remaining magnet, the process returns to step S102. Then, the steps S102 to S106 are repeated until all the magnets are disposed.

For example, in the second and subsequent steps S102, as shown in fig. 16, the first main magnet 321 is disposed adjacent to the existing second main magnet 322.

In the second and subsequent steps S104, as shown in fig. 17, the sub-magnet 323 is disposed adjacent to the first main magnet 321.

In the above manner, the excitation 3 including the plurality of pole pairs 33 along the arrangement axis AX1 is obtained.

4.1. First modification of the manufacturing method

Next, a method of manufacturing the excitation according to the first modification will be described.

Fig. 18 is a flowchart showing the configuration of the method of manufacturing the excitation according to the first modification. Fig. 19 to 21 are cross-sectional views for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 18. In the following description, a method of manufacturing the excitation 3 shown in fig. 7 will be described as an example.

In the following, a first modification will be described, but in the following, differences from the fourth embodiment will be mainly described, and the description thereof will be omitted. In each of the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same structures as those shown in fig. 7.

The method for manufacturing the excitation 3 shown in fig. 18 includes: step S202, preparing a frame 35; step S204, disposing a first main magnet 321; step S206, disposing a second main magnet 322; and step S208, disposing the auxiliary magnet 323.

In step S202, as shown in fig. 19, the housing 35 is prepared. The frame 35 may be one or divided into the pole pairs 33 or may be divided into a plurality of pole pairs 33 on the whole of the excitation 3.

In step S204, as shown in fig. 20, the first main magnet 321 is disposed inside the housing 35. As shown in fig. 20, the first main magnet 321 is arranged along the partition 356. For example, an adhesive may be used to fix the first main magnet 321 to the housing 35. If necessary, the housing 35 may be provided with an engaged portion for engaging the first main magnet 321. This can improve the positioning accuracy. These matters are also similar to those of the sub-magnet 323 and the second main magnet 322.

In step S206, as shown in fig. 20, the second main magnet 322 is disposed inside the housing 35. As shown in fig. 20, the second main magnet 322 is disposed on the opposite side of the first main magnet 321 with the partition 356 interposed therebetween. At this time, a magnetic attraction force is generated between the second main magnet 322 and the first main magnet 321 via the partition 356. Accordingly, the first main magnet 321 and the second main magnet 322 are fixed by being attracted to each other, thereby improving the positional accuracy of both and also improving the work efficiency.

In step S208, as shown in fig. 21, the sub-magnet 323 is disposed inside the housing 35. The third magnetization directions M3 of the auxiliary magnets 323 are the same direction as each other between the adjacent pole pairs 33, and the auxiliary magnets 323 are sufficiently separated from each other. In addition, a partition 356 is also present between the pole pairs 33. Accordingly, when the sub-magnets 323 are arranged in step S104, the probability of the sub-magnets 323 being attracted to each other can be reduced. In the above manner, the excitation 3 including the plurality of pole pairs 33 and the frame 35 is obtained. The sub magnets 323 may be arranged in the order of first skipping one pole pair 33 and then arranging the other pole pairs 33. In this case, since the sub magnets 323 are further separated from each other at the time of arrangement, the probability of the sub magnets 323 being attracted to each other can be further reduced.

4.2. Second modification of the manufacturing method

Next, a method of manufacturing the excitation according to the second modification will be described.

Fig. 22 is a flowchart showing a configuration of a method for manufacturing excitation according to a second modification. Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a manufacturing method of the excitation shown in fig. 22. In the following description, a method of manufacturing the excitation 3 shown in fig. 2 will be described as an example.

In the following, a second modification will be described, but in the following, differences from the fourth embodiment will be mainly described, and the description thereof will be omitted. In each of the drawings, the same components as those shown in fig. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The method for manufacturing the excitation 3 shown in fig. 22 includes: step S302, assembling a pole pair 33; and step S304, disposing the assembled pole pair 33.

In step S302, the pole pair 33 shown in fig. 23 is assembled. As shown in fig. 23, the pole pair 33 is a magnet group in which a first main magnet 321, a sub magnet 323, and a second main magnet 322 are sequentially arranged along the arrangement axis AX 1. The magnets are fixed to each other using, for example, an adhesive. Alternatively, the magnet assembly may be molded entirely with resin. In the case where the frame 35 described above can be divided for each pole pair 33, the magnet group may be inserted into the inside of the divided frame 35. Then, in step S302, the number of pole pairs 33 required for excitation 3 is assembled.

In step S304, the assembled pole pair 33 is disposed on the upper surface of the back yoke 38. In the pole pair 33, since the magnets are already fixed to each other, the pole pair 33 can be efficiently arranged. When the pole pairs 33 are arranged, the third magnetization directions M3 of the sub magnets 323 are arranged in the same direction, and therefore, the arrangement can be performed efficiently.

The second modification described above can be applied to the manufacture of the excitation 3 shown in fig. 7.

The excitation, the motor, the generator, and the method of manufacturing the excitation according to the present invention are described above based on the illustrated embodiment or a modification thereof, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the excitation, the motor, and the generator according to the present invention may be replaced with any components having the same functions in each of the above embodiments or modifications thereof, or any components may be added to the above embodiments or modifications thereof. The method for manufacturing excitation according to the present invention may be provided with any step for any purpose in the above-described embodiment or a modification thereof. The present invention may have a configuration in which two or more of the above-described embodiments and modifications thereof are combined.

Claims

1. An excitation method, which is characterized in that,

The excitation includes a plurality of pole pairs including a plurality of magnets aligned along an alignment axis, and generates a magnetic field in a magnetic field generation direction orthogonal to the alignment axis,

2. Excitation according to claim 1, characterized in that,

The excitation includes a frame surrounding the pole pair.

3. Excitation according to claim 2, characterized in that,

The frame has partition walls that separate the pole pairs from each other.

4. An electric motor, comprising:

A field as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3; and

An armature disposed in the magnetic field generating direction of the excitation.

5. A generator, characterized by comprising:

A field as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3; and

6. A method for manufacturing excitation, characterized in that,