CN118255705A - Preparation method of (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester - Google Patents

Preparation method of (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester Download PDF

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CN118255705A
CN118255705A CN202211672590.3A CN202211672590A CN118255705A CN 118255705 A CN118255705 A CN 118255705A CN 202211672590 A CN202211672590 A CN 202211672590A CN 118255705 A CN118255705 A CN 118255705A
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compound
formula
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张峰
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Pharmablock Sciences Nanjing Inc
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Pharmablock Sciences Nanjing Inc
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/46Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/50Nitrogen atoms

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pyridine Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a continuous synthesis method of (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, which uses carbamic acid tert-butyl ester and 2, 5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran as raw materials to react under the action of pyridine hydrochloride or substituted pyridine hydrochloride by a continuous reaction device to obtain a product compound shown as a formula I. The process shortens the production period, reduces the production cost, is suitable for industrial production, and has higher economic benefit.

Description

Preparation method of (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
Technical field:
The invention relates to the field of synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, in particular to a preparation method of (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester.
Background
Tert-butyl (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) carbamate is an important intermediate for synthesizing prodrugs common to many commercial large products of pharmaceutical companies, such as the triazinamine derivative 7-iodopyrrolo [2,1-f ] [1,2,4] triazin-4-amine, which can be used to prepare nucleoside drugs such as Ruidexivir via a multi-step reaction (J.Med. Chem.2017,60,1648). A nucleotide analogue prodrug developed by Rede Wei Shiji Lide company, which can be triphosphorylated in human body, inhibits RNA dependent RNA synthetase (RdRp), thereby blocking the replication of viral RNA, and has good broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
7-Iodopyrrolo [2,1-f ] [1,2,4] triazin-4-amine
However, prodrugs of nucleoside analogs have problems in the actual synthesis process, such as low yields, long reaction times, etc., which have largely limited their large-scale preparation and use.
CN101466710B discloses a preparation method of (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, which takes 2, 5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran and hydrazino carbamic acid tert-butyl ester as raw materials, takes 1, 4-dioxane as solvent, heats for a plurality of hours under the action of 2N hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 90 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and obtains the product (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester through quenching, extraction, concentration and other post-treatments. However, the yield of the method is only 40%, and the yield is not ideal.
CN113980024a discloses a preparation method of (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, the reaction raw material and solvent are the same as CN101466710B, but the method disclosed in CN113980024a is different in that bismuth nitrate pentahydrate is added under the mixing and stirring of the raw material and solvent, the pH of the reaction system is kept at 6.0, the reaction is carried out at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, the reaction is continued at 58 ℃ for 4 hours, and then the product is obtained through post-treatment. The yield of the method can reach 90 percent, but the reaction time is longer.
CN113382997A discloses a preparation method of (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester, in the presence of pyridine hydrochloride, 2, 5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran and carbamic acid tert-butyl ester are reacted for 7 hours at the temperature of 102+/-3 ℃ in a solvent mixture of dioxane and pyridine, and the product is obtained through post-treatment such as distillation, liquid separation and the like, wherein the yield of the method is about 60 percent. The process has the advantage of reducing the formation of side components, especially for large-scale production, by using pyridine and pyridine hydrochloride as reagents, but the reaction time is longer and the efficiency is lower in industrial production.
The industrial preparation method of the (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester reported in the published literature and patent at present is mostly carried out in a reaction kettle, 2, 5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran and hydrazino carbamic acid tert-butyl ester are dissolved in solvents such as dioxane, N-methyl pyrrolidone, N-dimethyl formamide or tetrahydrofuran, and the like, and the reaction is heated under the action of hydrochloric acid, the yield is about 40 to 85 percent, but the problem of longer reaction time generally exists; CN113382997a discloses a new process for reacting 2, 5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran with t-butyl hydrazinoformate in the presence of pyridine hydrochloride in a solvent mixture of dioxane and pyridine, the process yields around 60%, yields are not high and the reaction time is long. Therefore, the development of a simple and convenient (1H-pyrrol-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester synthesis process which is easy to amplify, short in reaction time, high in yield and low in cost has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a continuous synthesis method of (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) tert-butyl carbamate, which accurately controls the reaction end point through a continuous flow technology, improves and stabilizes the yield, so as to solve the defects that the reaction end point is difficult to control in the existing synthesis process of (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) tert-butyl carbamate, the separation yield of the prior art is only 50%, the reaction period is longer, the yield is lower, and the like.
In one aspect, the invention provides a method of preparing a compound of formula I:
And (3) pumping the compound of the formula II and the compound of the formula III into a continuous reactor for reaction under the action of acid 1, and then treating to obtain the compound of the formula I.
Preferably, the acid 1 is selected from one or more of pyridine hydrochloride, 2-picoline hydrochloride or 2, 3-lutidine hydrochloride;
More preferably, the acid 1 is pyridine hydrochloride.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the compound of formula III to the acid 1 is in the range of 1:0.01 to 1:0.1.
Preferably, the organic solvent is one or more selected from dioxane, water, 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran and N-methyl pyrrolidone, and the dosage of the organic solvent is 5-15 times of the volume of the compound of the formula III.
Preferably, the reaction liquid is pumped into a continuous reactor for reaction, and the reaction temperature ranges from 100 ℃ to 160 ℃.
Preferably, the reaction liquid is pumped into a continuous reactor for reaction, and the reaction time is 2-40 minutes.
Preferably, the continuous reactor is a microchannel reactor, a tubular reactor, a dynamic tubular reactor or a continuous stirred tank reactor.
Preferably, the continuous reactor is made of PFTE, glass, hastelloy, tantalum, silicon carbide, stainless steel or PFA.
Preferably, after the reaction is completed, the compound of formula I is purified by recrystallization from toluene.
Advantageous effects
The invention aims to overcome the defects of difficult control of a reaction end point, longer reaction period, lower yield and the like in the prior art, and provides a safe, simple and convenient continuous synthesis method which is easy to amplify, higher in yield and lower in cost. The process takes tert-butyl carbazate and 2, 5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran as raw materials, and the product (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester is obtained by reaction under the action of pyridine hydrochloride or substituted pyridine hydrochloride, and the reaction end point is accurately controlled by a continuous flow technology, so that the yield is improved and stabilized, compared with the literature process, the process has no obvious amplification effect, the synthesis difficulty is reduced, the production period is greatly shortened, and the production cost is reduced. In conclusion, the technical scheme provided by the invention is suitable for industrial production and has higher economic benefit.
Drawings
For a clearer description of embodiments of the invention or of solutions according to the prior art, the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments or of the prior art will be briefly described, it being apparent that the drawings in the description that follow are some embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a continuous reaction apparatus for preparing a compound of formula I according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a 1 H NMR spectrum of the final product of example 1 according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a GC spectrum of the final product of example 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, which are carried out on the basis of the technical solutions of the invention, and it should be understood that these examples are only intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Preparation of the compound of formula I:
in a 10L four-necked flask, tert-butyl carbazate (1000 g,7.57mol,1 eq.) and 2, 5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran (1100 g,8.32mol,1.1 eq.) were dissolved in dioxane (7.23 kg) and mixed well as solution a for use.
The temperature of the continuous reactor is set to 140 ℃, the prepared solution A flows into the silicon carbide plate reactor at 46ml/min through a tetrafluoro plunger pump, the residence time is 4.35min, and the back pressure of a back pressure valve is 1.0Mpa. After the reaction was completely detected by GC, the reaction solution was introduced into a stirred 10L four-necked flask containing sodium hydrogencarbonate solid through a cooling section and a back pressure valve, the reaction solution was distilled to 3kg, cooled, stirred with water (2L), filtered, and rinsed with 400mL of water to obtain 1498g of crude product. Transferring the wet material into a 5L reaction bottle, adding toluene (2.5L), heating and refluxing at about 84 ℃ for 2 hours, naturally cooling to 20 ℃, filtering and draining, soaking and washing a filter cake with toluene (400 mL), and draining and drying to obtain 1055g of the compound shown in the formula I. The filtrate was distilled off to a residual of about 400g, cooled naturally to room temperature and filtered to give 64g of crude product, which was recrystallized from 64mL of toluene to give 45g of the compound of formula I, which was combined to give 1100g of the compound of formula I in a yield of 79.8%.
1 HNMR (400 mhz, d 6-DMSO): 1.43 (9H, s); 5.97-5.98 (2H, t), 6.68-6.69 (2H, t), 10.25 (1H, s); the purity was 98.4% by HPLC.
Comparative example 1
The results of examining the acid 1, the reaction temperature and the reaction time by the method of example 1 are shown in tables 1 to 3 below.
TABLE 1 conditional screening of 2-methylpyridine hydrochloride for different reaction times
TABLE 2 screening of 2, 3-lutidine hydrochloride for conditions at various temperatures and reaction times for acid 1
TABLE 3 screening of pyridine hydrochloride for different temperatures and reaction times

Claims (10)

1. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula I, characterized in that:
And (3) pumping the compound of the formula II and the compound of the formula III into a continuous reactor for reaction under the action of acid 1, and then treating to obtain the compound of the formula I.
2. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acid 1 is selected from one or more of pyridine hydrochloride, 2-picoline hydrochloride and 2, 3-lutidine hydrochloride.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the acid 1 is pyridine hydrochloride.
4. A method of preparation according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: the mol ratio of the compound of the formula III to the acid 1 is 1:0.01-1:0.1.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic solvent is one or more selected from dioxane, water, 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran and N-methyl pyrrolidone, and the dosage is 5-15 times of the volume of the compound in the formula III.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction liquid is pumped into a continuous reactor for reaction, and the reaction temperature ranges from 100 ℃ to 160 ℃.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: pumping the reaction liquid into a continuous reactor for reaction for 2-40 minutes.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the continuous reactor is a micro-channel reactor, a tubular reactor, a dynamic tubular reactor or a continuous stirring kettle reactor.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the continuous reactor is made of PFTE, glass, hastelloy, tantalum, silicon carbide, stainless steel or PFA.
10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: after the reaction is finished, the compound of the formula I is prepared by recrystallization and purification by using toluene.
CN202211672590.3A 2022-12-26 2022-12-26 Preparation method of (1H-pyrrole-1-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester Pending CN118255705A (en)

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