CN118249699A - Speed regulation control device of alternating-current series excited brush motor applied to high-pressure pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses an alternating current series excited brush motor speed regulation control device applied to a high-pressure pump, and belongs to the technical field of motor control. In order to solve the technical problem of the application of the alternating current series excited brush motor on the water pump product in the aspect of speed regulation control reliability; the key points of the technical scheme are that the power supply comprises a power supply module: the power supply module comprises a power supply input end, wherein the power supply input end is used for being connected with an alternating current power supply in a voltage range of 110V-230V, and the power supply input end is provided with a power supply output end, and the power supply output end outputs a working power supply required by the power utilization module, and the power utilization module comprises: the microprocessor module is responsible for receiving and processing signals; zero crossing detection module connects zero line and live wire of power input end, feeds back zero crossing signal to microprocessor module, and speed governing drive module carries out stepless speed regulation to the motor through microprocessor module output's drive signal, can reliably carry out stepless speed regulation, stable control water pressure, the unusual effect of carrying out the quick protection of work.

Description

An AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device for a high-voltage pump

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of AC series-excited brushed motor speed control, and in particular to an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device applied to a high-voltage pump.

Background technique

AC series-excited brushed motor is a type of motor that combines the characteristics of AC power supply, series-excited winding design and brush technology. The following is some detailed introduction to AC series-excited brushed motor:

Basic structure: AC series-excited brushed motors are mainly composed of stators, rotors, brushes, and armature windings. The stator usually includes an iron core and windings and is the fixed part of the motor. The rotor is the rotating part of the motor, which is equipped with brushes to transfer current from the stator to the rotor, thereby generating torque.

Working principle: AC series-excited brushed motors are powered by AC power and speed regulation is achieved by changing the armature power supply voltage or the number of magnetic poles. When current passes through the stator winding, a magnetic field is generated, which in turn generates a torque in the rotor. The brush plays a key role in this process, ensuring that current can be effectively transferred from the stator to the rotor.

Performance characteristics: AC series-excited brushed motors have the advantages of high speed, high torque, small size, and light weight. At the same time, due to its relatively simple structure, the maintenance cost is also low. However, due to the presence of brushes, certain friction and loss may occur, affecting the efficiency and life of the motor.

Application fields: AC series brush motors are widely used in various fields due to their high efficiency, reliability and easy maintenance. Especially in those occasions that require large torque and low-speed operation, such as high-pressure water pumps, high-pressure airless sprayers, etc., AC series brush motors can often play their unique advantages.

Although the above-mentioned motors are existing products, different speed control devices have different service lives. Based on the adaptation of their application environment in high-pressure water pumps and high-pressure airless sprayers, corresponding speed control requirements are required to be more stable, reliable, and safe.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings (problems) of the prior art, in order to provide stable, reliable, and safe speed control of the motor under working conditions such as high-pressure water pumps, the present application provides an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device for a high-pressure pump.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solution: an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device applied to a high-voltage pump, comprising a power module: having a power input terminal, the power input terminal is used to connect an AC power supply in the voltage range of 110V-230V, having a power output terminal, the power output terminal outputs the working power required by the power module,

The power consumption modules include:

Microprocessor module, responsible for signal reception and processing;

The zero-crossing detection module connects the zero line and the live line of the power input terminal and feeds back the zero-crossing signal to the microprocessor module.

The speed regulating drive module performs stepless speed regulation on the motor through the drive signal output by the microprocessor module;

The zero-crossing detection module includes a current limiting resistor 1, a current limiting resistor 2, a rectifier bridge module, an isolation output module, and a frequency mode selection module. The zero line end is connected in series with the current limiting resistor 2, the current limiting resistor 1, and an input end of the rectifier bridge module in sequence, the live line end is connected to the other input end of the rectifier bridge module, the output end of the rectifier bridge module is connected to the microprocessor module through the isolation output module, and the frequency mode selection module is connected to the microprocessor module and is triggered by the microprocessor module to selectively control whether the current limiting resistor 1 is short-circuited.

When the zero-crossing detection module feeds back to the microprocessor module that the detection frequency is 50Hz, the frequency mode selection module puts the current limiting resistor 1 into operation;

When the zero-crossing detection module feeds back to the microprocessor module that the detection frequency is 60 Hz, the frequency mode selection module short-circuits the current-limiting resistor 1 to shield it.

Optionally, the speed regulation drive module includes a drive switch module, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R26, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C23, a capacitor C24, a capacitor C25, a bidirectional thyristor Q1, an inductor L2, and an inductor L3. The motor connection end is connected in parallel with the capacitor C25, one end of the capacitor C25 is connected to the second zero line end through the inductor L3, the other end of the capacitor C25 is connected to the second live line end through the inductor L2, and the second live line end is connected to one end of the capacitor C24, the resistor R24 One end of the bidirectional thyristor Q1, and one end of the resistor R26, the other end of the capacitor C24 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R24 is connected to one end of the resistor R23 and one end of the capacitor C22, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to one end of the capacitor C23, the other end of the capacitor C23 is connected to the live wire end, the other end of the bidirectional thyristor Q1 and the other end of the capacitor C22, the control end of the bidirectional thyristor Q1 and the other end of the resistor R23 are connected to the driving switch module and are controlled by the on-off of the two contacts.

Optionally, the live wire end is connected to an overcurrent detection module, the overcurrent detection module includes a chip U4 with a chip model of CC6910S0, and the overcurrent detection module outputs current sampling and outputs it to the microprocessor module.

Optionally, the microprocessor module is also connected to a potentiometer speed control module, which includes a potentiometer, a connector 1, and a resistor-capacitor filter. The potentiometer is detachably connected to the resistor-capacitor filter via the connector 1, and the output end of the resistor-capacitor filter is directly connected to a pin of the microprocessor module.

Optionally, the frequency mode selection module includes a transistor module and an optocoupler switch. The transistor module receives a signal from the microprocessor module and drives the optocoupler switch to operate. The output end of the optocoupler switch realizes on-off control.

Optionally, the driving switch module and the frequency mode selection module adopt the same circuit structure.

Optionally, the microprocessor module is further connected to a pressure detection amplification module, which includes a pressure sensor and a differential amplification circuit. The pressure sensor is detachably connected to the input end of the differential amplification circuit through a second connector, and the output end of the differential amplification circuit provides a pressure signal to the microprocessor module.

The microprocessor module is preset with a timing time, and when the pressure sensor detects that the liquid pressure does not reach the preset pressure setting value, the motor operation is turned off when the motor is running.

Optionally, after receiving relevant signals indicating abnormal operation of the motor, the microprocessor module outputs a shutdown protection instruction or provides a fault prompt instruction.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. This technical solution can be applied to AC series-excited brushed motors, especially high-pressure water pump products, and can achieve stepless speed control of the motor, with a speed range from 0 to the maximum speed of the motor;

2. Through the setting of the potentiometer module, the microprocessor module dynamically controls the speed of the AC series-excited brushless motor according to the data provided by the pressure sensor to achieve stable output of the internal pressure of the machine;

3. During the working process, it can adapt to different voltages and frequencies, and automatically adjust the current limiting resistor internally to make the zero-crossing sampling point more accurate;

4. It has no-load protection and over-current protection, which can greatly improve the reliability and safety of work, and can provide error or fault prompts to facilitate user self-inspection.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a circuit diagram of a power module according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is an exemplary diagram of a microprocessor module according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is an exemplary diagram of a zero-crossing detection module according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is an example diagram of a frequency mode selection module;

FIG5 is an example diagram of a speed regulating drive module;

FIG6 is an example diagram of an overcurrent detection module;

FIG. 7 is an example diagram of a potentiometer speed control module;

FIG. 8 is an example diagram of a pressure detection amplification module.

Description of main reference numerals:

1. Power supply module; 11. Power supply input terminal; 12. Power supply output terminal; 2. Microprocessor module; 3. Zero-crossing detection module; 31. Current limiting resistor 1; 32. Current limiting resistor 2; 33. Rectifier bridge module; 34. Isolation output module; 35. Frequency mode selection module; 351. Transistor module; 352. Optocoupler switch; 4. Speed control drive module; 41. Drive switch module; 5. Overcurrent detection module; 6. Potentiometer speed control module; 61. Connector 1; 62. Resistor-capacitor filter; 7. Pressure detection amplifier module; 71. Connector 2; 72. Differential amplifier circuit.

Detailed ways

The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application. The illustrations only show the components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

The specific implementation methods of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example:

The embodiment of the present application discloses an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device applied to a high-voltage pump, as shown in reference figure 1, comprising a power module 1: having a power input terminal 11, the power input terminal 11 is used to connect an AC power supply in the voltage range of 110V-230V, and having a power output terminal 12, the power output terminal 12 outputs the working power required by the power module. The power input terminal 11 is divided into a live wire terminal L1 and a neutral wire terminal N1. There is also a fuse F1 on the live wire and neutral wire input lines for overcurrent protection, and a choke FL1 for suppressing common-mode interference. There is a resistor R2 between the live wire and the neutral wire, which is a varistor and plays a role in overvoltage protection. The power module 1 can convert the input AC power supply and output a 5V working power supply to the power module for operation.

The power consumption modules include:

The microprocessor module 2 is responsible for receiving and processing signals. Referring to FIG2 , the chip model used is HC32F003C4PA-TSSOP20TR, and its microprocessor can receive and process a variety of signals. The external circuit module can also have a display (LCD display module), indicator light, etc.

In Fig. 3, the zero-crossing detection module 3 is connected to the neutral line and the live line of the power input terminal 11, and feeds back the zero-crossing signal to the microprocessor module 2. The zero-crossing detection module 3 includes a current-limiting resistor 1 31, a current-limiting resistor 2 32, a rectifier bridge module 33, an isolation output module 34, and a frequency mode selection module 35. The neutral line end is connected in series with the current-limiting resistor 2 32, the current-limiting resistor 1 31, and an input end of the rectifier bridge module 33 in sequence, the live line end is connected to the other input end of the rectifier bridge module 33, the output end of the rectifier bridge module 33 is connected to the microprocessor module 2 through the isolation output module 34, and the frequency mode selection module 35 is connected to the microprocessor module 2 and is triggered by it to selectively control whether the current-limiting resistor 1 31 is short-circuited.

When the zero-crossing detection module 3 feeds back the detection frequency of 50 Hz to the microprocessor module 2, the frequency mode selection module 35 puts the current-limiting resistor 31 into operation; when the zero-crossing detection module 3 feeds back the detection frequency of 60 Hz to the microprocessor module 2, the frequency mode selection module 35 short-circuits and shields the current-limiting resistor 31.

We know that the AC input of this solution is 110V-230V, and some AC power standards in our country are different from those in foreign countries, so here, free switching can be performed through the frequency mode selection module 35.

110V/60HZ standard power supply or 230V/50Hz standard power supply can be adapted to the device of the present application; after determining the frequency, the frequency mode selection module 35 is used to perform the operation. This ensures that the microprocessor module 2 receives the accuracy of the zero-crossing interrupt.

In FIG3, endpoint Fre1 and endpoint Fre2 are connected to corresponding positions in FIG4. Specifically, in FIG4, the frequency mode selection module 35 includes a transistor module 351 and an optical coupler switch 352. The transistor module receives the signal of the microprocessor module 2 and drives the optical coupler switch 352 to work. The output end of the optical coupler switch 352 realizes on-off control. The transistor module 351 mainly uses resistors R14, R17 and transistor Q3 to form a bias switch circuit. The signal output by the microprocessor module 2, that is, its endpoint Fre-detection, is a high or low level signal, which can control the transistor Q1 to be turned on or off, thereby controlling the optical coupler switch 352 to be turned on or off. The model used by the optical coupler switch 352 is MOC3021.

In addition, referring to FIG. 5 , the speed regulation drive module 4 performs stepless speed regulation on the motor through the drive signal output by the microprocessor module 2 .

The speed regulation drive module 4 includes a drive switch module 41, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R26, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C23, a capacitor C24, a capacitor C25, a bidirectional thyristor Q1, an inductor L2, and an inductor L3. The motor connection end is connected in parallel with the capacitor C25, one end of the capacitor C25 is connected to the second zero line end through the inductor L3, and the other end of the capacitor C25 is connected to the second live line end through the inductor L2. The second live line end is connected to one end of the capacitor C24 and one end of the resistor R24. , one end of the bidirectional thyristor Q1, and one end of the resistor R26, the other end of the capacitor C24 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R24 is connected to one end of the resistor R23 and one end of the capacitor C22, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected to one end of the capacitor C23, the other end of the capacitor C23 is connected to the live wire end, the other end of the bidirectional thyristor Q1 and the other end of the capacitor C22, the control end of the bidirectional thyristor Q1 and the other end of the resistor R23 are connected to the driving switch module 41 and are controlled by the on-off of the two contacts.

It can be seen from the above that the driving switch module 41 and the frequency mode selection module 35 adopt the same circuit structure.

By controlling the on and off of the bidirectional thyristor Q1, the speed of the motor drive is regulated.

On the basis of the above scheme, as shown in FIG6 , an overcurrent detection module 5 is connected to the live wire end, and the overcurrent detection module 5 includes a chip U4 with a chip model of CC6910S0. The overcurrent detection module 5 outputs a current sample and outputs it to the microprocessor module 2. The power supply current is detected, and if a current overload occurs, shutdown protection can be implemented in time.

In order to facilitate the speed regulation operation, as shown in FIG7 , the microprocessor module 2 is also connected with a potentiometer speed regulation module 6, which includes a potentiometer, a connector 61, and a resistor-capacitor filter 62. The potentiometer is detachably connected to the resistor-capacitor filter 62 through the connector 61, and the output end of the resistor-capacitor filter 62 is directly connected to a pin of the microprocessor module 2. The potentiometer can be disassembled and replaced, which is convenient for inspection and maintenance.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG8 , the microprocessor module 2 is also connected to a pressure detection and amplification module 7, which includes a pressure sensor and a differential amplifier circuit 72. The pressure sensor is detachably connected to the input end of the differential amplifier circuit 72 through a connector 2 71, and the output end of the differential amplifier circuit 72 provides a pressure signal to the microprocessor module 2. The microprocessor module 2 is preset with a timing time. When the pressure sensor detects that the liquid pressure does not reach the preset pressure setting value, the motor is turned off when the motor is running. The differential amplifier circuit 72 can amplify the signal to make the detected pressure data more reliable.

Optionally, after receiving the relevant signal of abnormal operation of the motor, the microprocessor module 2 outputs a shutdown protection instruction or provides a fault prompt instruction.

The microprocessor module 2 has built-in PID control, which can perform PID speed control on the motor through the speed control drive module 4 to achieve reliable stepless speed control.

It can be seen that the solution of the present application can be applied to AC series-excited brushed motors, especially for high-pressure water pump products, and can realize stepless speed control of the motor, with a speed range from 0 to the maximum speed of the motor; through the setting of the potentiometer module, the microprocessor module 2 dynamically controls the speed of the AC series-excited brushed motor according to the data provided by the pressure sensor, so as to realize stable output of the internal pressure of the machine; during the working process, it can adapt to different voltages and frequencies, and automatically adjust the current limiting resistor internally to make the zero-crossing sampling point more accurate; it has no-load protection and over-current protection, which can greatly improve the reliability and safety of the work, and can provide error or fault prompts to facilitate user self-inspection.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. An AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device for a high-voltage pump, comprising a power module (1): having a power input terminal (11), the power input terminal (11) being used to connect an AC power supply in a voltage range of 110V-230V, and having a power output terminal (12), the power output terminal (12) outputting a working power required by a power module, characterized in that: The power consumption modules include: Microprocessor module (2), responsible for receiving and processing signals; The zero-crossing detection module (3) is connected to the neutral line and the live line of the power input terminal (11) and feeds back the zero-crossing signal to the microprocessor module (2). The speed regulating drive module (4) performs stepless speed regulation on the motor through the drive signal output by the microprocessor module (2); The zero-crossing detection module (3) comprises a current-limiting resistor 1 (31), a current-limiting resistor 2 (32), a rectifier bridge module (33), an isolation output module (34), and a frequency mode selection module (35); the neutral line end is connected in series with the current-limiting resistor 2 (32), the current-limiting resistor 1 (31), and an input end of the rectifier bridge module (33); the live line end is connected to the other input end of the rectifier bridge module (33); the output end of the rectifier bridge module (33) is connected to the microprocessor module (2) through the isolation output module (34); the frequency mode selection module (35) is connected to the microprocessor module (2) and is triggered by the microprocessor module (2) to selectively control whether the current-limiting resistor 1 (31) is short-circuited. When the zero-crossing detection module (3) feeds back to the microprocessor module (2) that the detection frequency is 50 Hz, the frequency mode selection module (35) puts the current limiting resistor 1 (31) into operation; When the zero-crossing detection module (3) feeds back to the microprocessor module (2) that the detection frequency is 60 Hz, the frequency mode selection module (35) short-circuits and shields the current-limiting resistor 1 (31). 2. According to claim 1, an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device for a high-pressure pump is characterized in that the speed control drive module (4) includes a drive switch module (41), a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R26, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C23, a capacitor C24, a capacitor C25, a bidirectional thyristor Q1, an inductor L2, and an inductor L3, a capacitor C25 is connected in parallel to the motor connection end, one end of the capacitor C25 is connected to the second zero line terminal through the inductor L3, and the other end of the capacitor C25 is connected to the second live line terminal through the inductor L2, and the first The two live wire ends are connected to one end of capacitor C24, one end of resistor R24, one end of bidirectional thyristor Q1, and one end of resistor R26. The other end of capacitor C24 is grounded. The other end of resistor R24 is connected to one end of resistor R23 and one end of capacitor C22. The other end of resistor R26 is connected to one end of capacitor C23. The other end of capacitor C23 is connected to the live wire end, the other end of bidirectional thyristor Q1, and the other end of capacitor C22. The control end of bidirectional thyristor Q1 and the other end of resistor R23 are connected to a driving switch module (41) and are controlled by the driving switch module to switch on and off the two contacts. 3. According to claim 2, an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device applied to a high-pressure pump is characterized in that an overcurrent detection module (5) is connected to the live wire end, the overcurrent detection module (5) includes a chip U4 with a chip model of CC6910S0, and the overcurrent detection module (5) outputs a current sample output to the microprocessor module (2). 4. According to claim 1, an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device applied to a high-pressure pump is characterized in that a potentiometer speed control module (6) is also connected to the microprocessor module (2), and the potentiometer speed control module (6) includes a potentiometer, a connector (61), and a resistor-capacitor filter (62), and the potentiometer is detachably connected to the resistor-capacitor filter (62) through the connector (61), and the output end of the resistor-capacitor filter (62) is directly connected to a pin of the microprocessor module (2). 5. According to claim 2, an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device applied to a high-voltage pump is characterized in that the frequency mode selection module (35) includes a transistor module (351) and an optical coupler switch (352), the transistor module receives the signal of the microprocessor module (2) and drives the optical coupler switch (352) to work, and the output end of the optical coupler switch (352) realizes on-off control. 6. An AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device for a high-voltage pump according to claim 5, characterized in that the drive switch module (41) and the frequency mode selection module (35) adopt the same circuit structure. 7. According to claim 1, an AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device for a high-pressure pump is characterized in that the microprocessor module (2) is also connected to a pressure detection amplifier module (7), the pressure detection amplifier module (7) includes a pressure sensor and a differential amplifier circuit (72), the pressure sensor is detachably connected to the input end of the differential amplifier circuit (72) through a second connector (71), and the output end of the differential amplifier circuit (72) provides a pressure signal to the microprocessor module (2). The microprocessor module (2) is preset with a timing time, and when the pressure sensor detects that the liquid pressure does not reach the preset pressure setting value, the motor is turned off when the motor is running. 8. An AC series-excited brushed motor speed control device for a high-pressure pump according to claim 1, characterized in that after receiving a signal related to abnormal operation of the motor, the microprocessor module (2) outputs a shutdown protection instruction or provides a fault prompt instruction.