CN118241090A - Aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof, aluminum alloy product and application thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof, aluminum alloy product and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- FJMNNXLGOUYVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum zinc Chemical compound [Al].[Zn] FJMNNXLGOUYVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
An aluminum alloy, a preparation method thereof, an aluminum alloy product and application thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu with the content of 2.0-4.5%, ag with the content of 0.5-1.0%, X with the total content of 0.5-1.5%, and Y with the total content of 0.5-1.5%, wherein the diffusion coefficient of the X is more than 1.4476X 10 ‑15m2/s at 400 ℃ of an aluminum alloy system, the diffusion coefficient of the Y is less than 1.4476X 10 ‑15m2/s at 400 ℃ of the aluminum alloy system, and the mass percentages of the X and the Y satisfy that X and Y=0.9-1.12, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy materials, in particular to an aluminum alloy, a preparation method thereof, an aluminum alloy product and application thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy has excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, has better plastic deformation resistance and yield strength under the long-time actions of temperature and dynamic and static load, and is widely applied to the fields of weapons, aerospace, automobiles and ships and the like, such as automobile engine parts, tank engine pistons, cylinder liners, boxes, missile shells, aeroengine cylinders, blades, aircraft skins and the like. With the development of aerospace and automobiles and ships, higher requirements are put forward on the high-temperature performance of aluminum alloy, and the performances of thermal fatigue, high temperature resistance and the like of the active high-temperature-resistant cast aluminum alloy material are close to the limit state, so that the high-temperature-resistant cast aluminum alloy material is difficult to be used in the high-temperature environment with the temperature of more than 350 ℃ and is difficult to adapt to the development requirements of equipment. Therefore, a heat-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy at the service temperature of 350-400 ℃ needs to be developed to follow the development progress of the fields of aerospace, automobiles and ships.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy, a preparation method thereof, an aluminum alloy product and application thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy can keep good yield strength and tensile strength at a high temperature of 400 ℃ and has good plastic deformation resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the invention provides an aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu with the content of 2.0-4.5%, ag with the content of 0.5-1.0%, X with the total content of 0.5-1.5%, and Y with the total content of 0.5-1.5%, wherein the diffusion coefficient of the X is more than 1.4470x10 -15m2/s at 400 ℃ of an aluminum alloy system, the diffusion coefficient of the Y is less than 1.4476x10 -15m2/s at 400 ℃ of the aluminum alloy system, and the mass percentages of the X and the Y satisfy that X/Y=0.9-1.12, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.
In one embodiment, the X element is one or more of Mg, zn and Si, and the Y element is one or more of Sc, zr, ti, cr, ce, mn.
In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy further includes a Z element having a melting point greater than 2500 ℃.
In one embodiment, the metal element Z is one or more of Re, W and Ta.
In one embodiment, the total content of the metal element Z is 0.08% -0.2%.
In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy can maintain a yield strength of 110MPa or more, a tensile strength of 120MPa or more, and an elongation of 8% or more at 400 ℃.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps: under the protection of protective gas, adding an Al source, a Cu source, an Ag source, an X source and a Y source into a smelting cavity according to the component proportion of the aluminum alloy, smelting, and obtaining aluminum alloy melt after melting into an alloy state at a certain temperature; and casting and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to obtain the aluminum alloy.
In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy smelting temperature is 730 ℃ to 750 ℃; the heat preservation time is 10 to 15 minutes after the alloy is melted; the cooling temperature of the aluminum alloy financial liquid is 700-720 ℃, and the standing time of the aluminum alloy molten liquid after cooling is 10-15 minutes.
In one embodiment, the method for preparing an aluminum alloy further comprises the following operation steps: under the protection of protective gas, adding a Z source into a smelting cavity for smelting, and preserving heat after smelting; introducing the melted Z element into molten liquid formed by smelting an Al source, a Cu source, an Ag source, an X source and a Y source, and mixing to obtain aluminum alloy molten liquid; and casting and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to obtain the aluminum alloy.
In one embodiment, the melting temperature of the Z element is 3500-3600 ℃ and the holding time of the Z element is 5-10 minutes.
In one embodiment, the protective gas includes one or more of nitrogen, argon, helium during the smelting process.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an aluminium alloy article comprising an aluminium alloy as claimed in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the aluminum alloy product provided by the invention can be applied to heat-resistant devices in the fields of automobiles and the like.
The aluminum alloy has higher strength and plastic deformation resistance, so that the aluminum alloy can meet the use requirement at high temperature, and has good yield strength, tensile strength and elongation at 400 ℃. The aluminum alloy material can meet the development requirements of temperature resistant materials in the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like, and is used for manufacturing key structural members of automobiles, aerospace and the like.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail and without limitation, the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The embodiment of the invention provides an aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Cu with the content of 2.0-4.5%, ag with the content of 0.5-1.0%, X with the total content of 0.5-1.5%, and Y with the total content of 0.5-1.5%, wherein the diffusion coefficient of the X is greater than 1.4476X 10 - 15m2/s at 400 ℃, the diffusion coefficient of the Y is less than 1.4476X 10 -15m2/s at 400 ℃, and the mass percentages of the X and the Y satisfy that X and Y=0.9-1.12, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.
The Cu content is 2.0-4.5%, cu can form an Al-Cu strengthening phase with Al, has solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening effects, and can improve the addition amount of Al, refine grains and improve the flexibility of the aluminum alloy. However, the addition of Cu should be in a proper range, and when the addition amount of Cu is more than 4.5%, the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy is deteriorated, and the Cu-containing phase is coarse, which is rather unfavorable for grain refinement and embrittles the alloy. Alternatively, the Cu content may be 2.4%, 2.8%, 3.2%, 3.6%, 4.0%, 4.4%. The optional range of Cu content is 2.4% -3.2%, 2.8% -3.6%, 3.2% -4.0% and 3.6% -4.4%.
The Ag content is 0.5% -1.0%, the addition of trace Ag elements can improve the tensile strength, fracture toughness and fatigue property of the Al-Cu alloy, and excessive Ag elements can improve the cost of the alloy material, and when the Ag content is more than 1%, the strength improving effect is not obvious. Alternatively, the content of Ag may be 0.6%,0.7%,0.8%,0.9%. The content of Ag is selected from 0.6-0.8% and 0.7-0.9%.
Further, a certain amount of fast diffusion element X and slow diffusion element Y are added into the aluminum alloy, the X element is fast diffused in the aluminum alloy and a diffusion channel is left under the diffusion path of the X element, the diffusion channel can enable the Y element to be more uniformly diffused in an aluminum alloy matrix, and finally, the Y element and the Cu element are uniformly distributed in the Al alloy matrix to form nano-phase precipitation together with the Cu and the Ag, so that the aluminum alloy has high-temperature stability. When the content of the X element is close to that of the Y element, stable atomic bonds corresponding to each other can be formed among atoms of the precipitation phases, and the atomic bonds are broken, so that the aluminum alloy has better high-temperature stability. When X, Y content is between 0.5% and 1.5%, the reinforced phase formed by Cu and Ag between the two materials can be ensured to be dispersed and uniformly distributed in the alloy; when X, Y content is less than 0.5%, the density of the strengthening phase in the matrix is too small, and uniform distribution cannot be ensured, so that a uniform strengthening effect cannot be achieved; when X, Y content is more than 1.5%, the side effect of single element is more than the strengthening effect of strengthening phase, and the whole strength and toughness of the alloy is gradually reduced.
It should be noted that, the X element and the Y element are all microelements in the aluminum alloy, and too high or too low total amounts of the X and Y elements can affect the performance of the aluminum alloy, in the aluminum alloy system of the invention:
The total content of X ranges from 0.5% to 1.5%, alternatively, the content of X may be 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, 1.4%. The optional range of the X content is 0.6% -1.2%, 0.8% -1.4% and 1.0% -1.5%.
The total content of Y ranges from 0.5% to 1.5%, alternatively, the content of Y may be 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, 1.4%. The optional range of the X content is 0.6% -1.2%, 0.8% -1.4% and 1.0% -1.5%.
During the preparation of the material, the transfer of the substance is accomplished by diffusion, i.e. the transport of the substance by the movement of atoms. The magnitude of the diffusion coefficient D can be used to represent the diffusion rate of atoms, the diffusion coefficient being affected by the diffusion species and the matrix material. In this embodiment, the diffusion substance is X, Y element, and the base material is aluminum element. The X element is a fast diffusion element in an aluminum alloy matrix, the diffusion coefficient at 400 ℃ is greater than 1.4476X 10 -15m2/s, the Y element is a slow diffusion element in the aluminum alloy matrix, the diffusion coefficient at 400 ℃ is greater than 1.4476X 10 -15m2/s, and the relationship between the diffusion coefficient and the temperature is as follows:
D＝D0 exp(-Q/RT)，
wherein R is a gas constant, and the value is 8.31J/(mol.K); d 0(m2/s) is a constant related to the nature of the diffusion substance alone, and to the geometrical factors of the substance alone and the vibration frequency; q is the atomic diffusion activation energy (J/mol), which is the energy required to produce a diffusion motion of one mole of atoms, with a larger activation energy having a smaller diffusion coefficient; t is the thermodynamic temperature in K. The D value was calculated from Self-Diffusion and Impurity Diffusion in Pure Metals: handbook of Experimental Data, and the diffusion coefficients of the elements used in the present invention are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 diffusion coefficient of diffusion substance in aluminum alloy matrix
In one embodiment, the X element is one or more of Mg, zn and Si, and the Y element is one or more of Sc, zr, ti, cr, ce, mn.
The following describes the actions of the specific optional elements of the X element and the Y element in the aluminum alloy:
Manganese can enhance the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy in a certain range, refine grains and improve alloy hot cracking, wherein Mn can form a short rod-shaped Mn-Al compound reinforced alloy with Al, and if the Mn content in the aluminum alloy is too low, the mechanical property and the die casting property of the aluminum alloy are reduced; if the Mn content is too high, toughness of the aluminum alloy is lowered.
The addition of silicon can improve the casting performance of the alloy, the silicon and aluminum can form solid solution, the high Wen Zaoxing property of the alloy can be improved, the shrinkage rate is reduced, and the alloy has no hot cracking tendency.
The mechanical property of the Al-Cu alloy after natural aging can be improved by adding the magnesium to a certain range in the aluminum alloy, and the corrosion resistance and the strength of the aluminum alloy are obviously improved.
The addition of trace chromium in the aluminum alloy can slow down the diffusion of pitting corrosion along the edge of a grain boundary, reduce the tendency of the alloy to generate intergranular corrosion, thereby increasing the corrosion resistance of the alloy, reducing the adverse effect of impurity elements (Fe) introduced in the casting process and improving the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy.
The strength and hardness of the alloy can be improved by zinc, and the strength and hardness of the alloy can be improved by the binary alloy formed by aluminum and zinc, so that the aluminum alloy has better wear resistance and tensile strength. Meanwhile, the aluminum zinc alloy has good cutting and welding performances and is easy to machine and shape.
The addition of the titanium element can effectively refine crystal grains of the cast ingot in the casting process, reduce feather crystals and columnar crystals of the cast ingot, and improve extrusion and forgeability of casting. The Ti element can form TiAl 3 particles with the matrix A1 element, so that the refining effect is enhanced.
The solid solubility of the zirconium element in the aluminum alloy is small, and the Al 3 Zr phase can be separated out by adding the zirconium element into the aluminum alloy, so that the recrystallization of the alloy is inhibited, the grain size and the strength of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy are improved, and the oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy are enhanced.
The rare earth element cerium can purify the aluminum alloy melt, remove hydrogen and oxide impurities in the melt, play a role in refining and modifying, and can improve the strength, hardness, plasticity and welding performance of the aluminum alloy.
Scandium can form a fine Al 3 Sc dispersion phase, so that the alloy strength is improved, nucleation points are provided for other strengthening phases, and meanwhile, the stability of the aluminum alloy in a high-temperature working environment can be improved.
In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy further includes a Z element having a melting point greater than 2500 ℃.
Further, the Z element can be selected as a high-melting-point metal element, the high-melting-point metal element Z is added into the aluminum alloy, the melting point of the metal element Z is more than 2500 ℃, and the addition of the Z element can enable the aluminum alloy to have better thermal stability under the high-temperature condition.
In one embodiment, the Z element is one or more of Re, W and Ta.
Optionally, rhenium with the content of 0.08% -0.2% is added into the aluminum alloy, rhenium can play roles in fine-grain strengthening and limited solid solution strengthening in the aluminum alloy, re and Al form a large number of spherical or short rod-shaped intermetallic compounds, the intermetallic compounds are distributed in crystal grains or crystal boundaries, a large number of dislocation and fine-grain spheroidized structures occur, rare earth compounds are dispersed, micro-alloying effects such as second-phase strengthening can be generated, and the stability of the aluminum alloy at high temperature can be improved. Alternatively, the Re content may be 0.1%,0.12%,0.14%,0.16%,0.18%. The Re content is selected from 0.1-0.16%, 0.12-0.18% and 0.12-0.2%.
In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy can maintain a yield strength of 110MPa or more, a tensile strength of 120MPa or more, and an elongation of 8% or more at 400 ℃.
It should be noted that the above is only a simplified analysis of the actions of the elements, and it is undeniable that in the aluminum alloy, there is an associated action of each element, and an increase or decrease of any element may cause a change in the action effect of the other element, and thus a change in the overall performance of the aluminum alloy. In most cases, an aluminum alloy in a specific elemental ratio needs to be obtained through specific tests to know the actual mechanical properties in the ratio.
The aluminum alloy has higher strength and plastic deformation resistance, so that the aluminum alloy can meet the use requirement at high temperature, and has good yield strength, tensile strength and elongation at 400 ℃. The aluminum alloy material can meet the development requirements of temperature resistant materials in the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like, and is used for manufacturing key structural members of automobiles, aerospace and the like.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps:
under the protection of protective gas, adding a Z source into a smelting cavity for smelting, and preserving heat after smelting;
Introducing the melted Z element into molten liquid formed by smelting an Al source, a Cu source, an Ag source, an X source and a Y source, and mixing to obtain aluminum alloy molten liquid;
all the aluminum alloy is melted into an alloy state at a certain temperature, then the heat is preserved and the scum is removed, so that aluminum alloy melt is obtained;
Cooling the aluminum alloy and then standing; pouring the aluminum alloy into a steel mould with a pouring system for natural cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy.
In one embodiment, the alloy smelting temperature is 730 ℃ to 750 ℃; the heat preservation time is 10 to 15 minutes after the alloy is melted; the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt is 700-720 ℃, and the standing time of the aluminum alloy melt after the temperature is reduced is 10-15 minutes.
In one embodiment, the method for preparing an aluminum alloy further comprises the following operation steps:
under the protection of protective gas, adding a Z source into a smelting cavity for smelting, and preserving heat after all smelting;
introducing the melted Z element into the aluminum alloy molten liquid, and fully stirring the mixed metal molten liquid;
Cooling the mixed metal melt and then standing;
pouring the aluminum alloy into a steel mould with a pouring system for natural cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy.
In one embodiment, the melting temperature of the Z element is 3500-3600 ℃ and the holding time of the Z element is 5-10 minutes.
In one embodiment, the protective gas includes one or more of nitrogen, argon, helium during the smelting process.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy article comprising an aluminum alloy as described above.
In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy product provided by the invention can be applied to heat-resistant devices in the fields of automobiles and the like.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment is used for illustrating the aluminum alloy and the preparation method thereof, and comprises the following operation steps:
1) The aluminum alloy components shown in table 2 were weighed and prepared.
2) Under the protection of 99.99% high-purity argon, adding pure Al ingot, pure Cu ingot, pure Ag ingot, intermediate alloy containing X element and intermediate alloy containing Y element into a smelting cavity according to the component proportion of the aluminum alloy, smelting at 740 ℃, wherein the specific elements of X and Y are shown in Table 2;
3) After all the aluminum alloy is melted into an alloy state at 740 ℃, preserving heat for 10 to 15 minutes and removing scum to obtain aluminum alloy melt;
4) Under the protection of 99.99% high-purity argon, metal element Re ingot is added into another smelting cavity to smelt at 3500 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5 to 10 minutes after the metal element Re ingot is completely smelted. ;
5) Introducing the molten metal element Re into the aluminum alloy molten liquid, and fully stirring the mixed metal molten liquid;
6) Cooling the mixed metal melt to 720 ℃ and then standing for 10 to 15 minutes;
7) Pouring the mixed metal melt into a steel mould with a pouring system, and naturally cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy.
Examples 2 to 16
Examples 2 to 16 are for illustrating the aluminum alloys disclosed in the present invention and the preparation methods thereof, including most of the operation steps in example 1, which are different in that:
The elemental substances and alloy raw materials of the respective elements were calculated according to the elemental compositions of the aluminum alloys shown in examples 2 to 16 in table 2, and the elemental substances and alloy raw materials of the respective elements were charged into a melting furnace to be melted.
Example 17
The embodiment is used for illustrating the aluminum alloy and the preparation method thereof, and comprises the following operation steps:
1) The aluminum alloy components shown in table 2 were weighed and prepared.
2) Under the protection of 99.99% high-purity argon, adding pure Al ingot, pure Cu ingot, pure Ag ingot, intermediate alloy containing X element and intermediate alloy containing Y element into a smelting cavity according to the component proportion of the aluminum alloy, and smelting at 740 ℃, wherein the specific elements of X and Y are shown in Table 1;
3) After all the aluminum alloy is melted into an alloy state at 740 ℃, preserving heat for 10 to 15 minutes and removing scum to obtain aluminum alloy melt;
4) Cooling the mixed metal melt to 720 ℃ and then standing for 10 to 15 minutes;
5) Pouring the mixed metal melt into a steel mould with a pouring system, and naturally cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy.
Comparative examples 1 to 4
Comparative examples 1 to 4 are for illustrating the aluminum alloys disclosed in the present invention and the preparation methods thereof, including most of the operation steps in example 1, which are different in that:
the elemental substances and alloy raw materials of each element were calculated according to the elemental composition of each element of the aluminum alloys shown in comparative examples 1 to 4 in table 2, and the elemental substances and alloy raw materials of each element were fed into a melting furnace to be melted, and other operations were the same as in example 1, to obtain the aluminum alloy of the present invention.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 includes most of the procedure of example 17, except that:
The elemental substances and alloy raw materials of each element were calculated according to the elemental composition of each element shown in comparative example 5 in table 2, and the elemental substances and alloy raw materials of each element were fed into a melting furnace to be melted, and other operations were the same as in example 1, to obtain an aluminum alloy according to the present invention.
Table 2 shows the mass percent (%) of the aluminum components of each of the examples and comparative examples in the present invention, the total mass of the aluminum alloy was 100%, and the remaining components in the aluminum alloy were Al and unavoidable impurities.
Table 2 the mass percentages (%)
TABLE 3 results of testing the content of elements X, Y and specific properties of examples and comparative examples
| X％ | Y％ | X:Y | Yield strength/Mpa | Tensile Strength/Mpa | Elongation percentage% | |
| Example 1 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 119 | 129 | 8.77 |
| Example 2 | 0.92 | 1.02 | 0.90 | 116 | 126 | 8.67 |
| Example 3 | 0.92 | 1.02 | 0.90 | 117 | 125 | 8.64 |
| Example 4 | 1.02 | 0.92 | 1.11 | 115 | 126 | 8.7 |
| Example 5 | 1.02 | 0.92 | 1.11 | 116 | 124 | 8.67 |
| Example 6 | 1.51 | 1.51 | 1.00 | 118 | 129 | 8.76 |
| Example 7 | 1.37 | 1.51 | 0.91 | 116 | 124 | 8.71 |
| Example 8 | 1.37 | 1.51 | 0.91 | 116 | 125 | 8.7 |
| Example 9 | 1.51 | 1.37 | 1.10 | 115 | 124 | 8.74 |
| Example 10 | 1.51 | 1.37 | 1.10 | 114 | 126 | 8.73 |
| Example 11 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 116 | 126 | 8.57 |
| Example 12 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 113 | 123 | 8.66 |
| Example 13 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 115 | 124 | 8.67 |
| Example 14 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.00 | 113 | 122 | 8.5 |
| Example 15 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 116 | 127 | 8.72 |
| Example 16 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 113 | 124 | 8.37 |
| Example 17 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 110 | 120 | 8.12 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 106 | 117 | 8.78 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 116 | 115 | 7.31 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1.2 | 0.92 | 1.30 | 105 | 116 | 8.57 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.92 | 1.16 | 0.79 | 113 | 121 | 7.6 |
| Comparative example 5 | 1.2 | 0.92 | 1.30 | 96 | 103 | 7.9 |
Performance testing
The following performance tests were performed on the aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1 to 17 and comparative examples 1 to 5 described above:
Aluminum alloy tensile test: reference to section 2 of the tensile test of GB/T228.2-2015 Metal Material by means of a Universal mechanical tester: high temperature test method to obtain yield strength, tensile strength and elongation, wherein the yield strength is the yield limit generating 0.2% residual deformation, and the elongation is the elongation at break.
As can be seen from the test results of Table 3, the aluminum alloy of the present application gives consideration to various mechanical properties with respect to the aluminum alloy of the present application which is outside the element range, and as can be seen from the test results of examples and comparative examples, when the aluminum alloy satisfies the element range provided by the present application and satisfies the mass percentage conditions of X/Y at the same time, the conditions of tensile strength of 110MPa or more, yield strength of 120MPa or more and elongation of 8% or more can be satisfied at 400℃at the same time, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy excellent in mechanical properties and flexibility. Therefore, under the condition of meeting the element range provided by the application, the element relation provided by the application is further met, and the aluminum alloy with better performance can be obtained.
Further, by comparing the examples with the comparative examples, it is possible to obtain that when the high melting point metal element Z is added, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation performance of the obtained aluminum alloy are optimal in the case of Re, and thus it is possible to further improve the performance of the aluminum alloy according to the present invention by adding the high melting point metal to the aluminum alloy matrix on the basis of the present invention.
The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but all or part of the procedures for implementing the above embodiments can be modified by one skilled in the art according to the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. The aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: cu with the content of 2.0-4.5%, ag with the content of 0.5-1.0%, X with the content of 0.5-1.5% and Y with the content of 0.5-1.5%, wherein the diffusion coefficient of the X is more than 1.4476X 10 -15m2/s at 400 ℃ of an aluminum alloy system, the diffusion coefficient of the Y is less than 1.4476X 10 -15m2/s at 400 ℃ of the aluminum alloy system, and the mass percentages of the X and the Y satisfy that X and Y=0.9-1.12, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.
2. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the X element comprises one or more of Mg, zn, si and the Y element comprises one or more of Sc, zr, ti, cr, ce, mn.
3. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy satisfies at least one of the following conditions at 400 degrees celsius: the yield strength is more than or equal to 110MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 120MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 8%.
4. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, further comprising a Z element having a melting point greater than 2500 ℃.
5. The aluminum alloy as recited in claim 4, wherein the Z element comprises one or more of Re, W, ta.
6. The aluminum alloy according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the total content of Z element is 0.08% to 0.2%.
7. The method for producing an aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the method for producing an aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
Under the protection of protective gas, adding an Al source, a Cu source, an Ag source, an X source and a Y source into a smelting cavity according to the component proportion of the aluminum alloy, smelting, and obtaining aluminum alloy melt after melting into an alloy state at a certain temperature;
and casting and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to obtain the aluminum alloy.
8. The method of producing an aluminum alloy according to claim 7, wherein the melting temperature is 730 ℃ to 750 ℃; the heat preservation time after the melting into an alloy state is 10 to 15 minutes; the cooling temperature of the aluminum alloy financial liquid is 700-720 ℃, and the standing time of the aluminum alloy molten liquid after cooling is 10-15 minutes.
9. The method for producing an aluminum alloy according to claim 7, further comprising the operation steps of:
under the protection of protective gas, adding a Z source into a smelting cavity for smelting, and preserving heat after smelting;
Introducing the melted Z element into molten liquid formed by smelting an Al source, a Cu source, an Ag source, an X source and a Y source, and mixing to obtain aluminum alloy molten liquid;
and casting and cooling the aluminum alloy melt to obtain the aluminum alloy.
10. The method of producing an aluminum alloy according to claim 9, wherein the melting temperature of the Z element is 3500 ℃ to 3600 ℃ and the holding time of the Z element is 5 to 10 minutes.
11. The method of producing an aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the protective gas includes one or more of nitrogen, argon, and helium.
12. An aluminum alloy article comprising the aluminum alloy of any of claims 1-11.
13. Use of the aluminium alloy product according to claim 12 for heat resistant devices.
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