CN118240560A - Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display device, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprises at least one compound shown as a general formula I and at least one compound shown as a general formula II. The liquid crystal composition disclosed by the invention has relatively good optical anisotropy, dielectric anisotropy, clearing point and low-temperature storage time, and also has higher contrast ratio, shorter response time, larger K ave value and lower rotational viscosity, and is suitable for a display element of a VA, NFFS or PSA-VA display mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal materials, in particular to a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display device containing the liquid crystal composition.
Background
The liquid crystal material is a mixture of organic rod-like small molecular compounds having both fluidity of liquid and anisotropy of crystal at a certain temperature. Liquid crystal display devices operate using the optical anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy possessed by the liquid crystal material itself, and have been widely used at present. The liquid crystal display device is classified into: PC (PHASE CHANGE ), TN (TWIST NEMATIC, twisted nematic), STN (super TWISTED NEMATIC ), DS (DYNAMIC SCATTERING, dynamic scattering), FLC (ferroelectric liquid crystal, FLC), GH (guest-host ), ECB (ELECTRICALLY CONTROLLED BIREFRINGENCE, electrically controlled birefringence), OCB (optically compensated bend ), IPS (in-PLANE SWITCHING, in-plane transition), VA (VERTICAL ALIGNMENT, homeotropic alignment), FFS (FRINGE FIELD SWITCHING ), FPA (field-induced photo-REACTIVE ALIGNMENT, electric field induced photo-reactive alignment), and the like.
Liquid crystal displays (Liquid CRYSTAL DISPLAY, LCD) have been rapidly developed due to their small size, light weight, low power consumption and excellent display quality, and have been widely used in particular in portable electronic information products. With the increase in the size of liquid crystal screens used in portable computers, office applications, video applications, in order to enable the liquid crystal display to be used for large-screen display and eventually replace Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs), there are still some problems to be solved, such as improvement of viewing angle characteristics, improvement of response speed, increase of contrast ratio, improvement of transmittance, and the like. The narrower viewing angle of the LCD means that the contrast ratio is significantly reduced when viewed away from the direction perpendicular to the normal of the liquid crystal cell, and gray scale and color inversion occur when the viewing angle is large, which seriously affects the display quality of the LCD.
The viewing angle problem of the LCD is determined by the operating principle of the liquid crystal. The liquid crystal molecules themselves are rod-shaped, and different molecular arrangements correspond to different optical anisotropies. The smaller the angle between the incident light and the liquid crystal molecules is, the smaller the birefringence is; conversely, the greater the birefringence. The angles between the light rays entering the liquid crystal box from different angles and the directors of the liquid crystal molecules are different from the normal direction of the display screen, so that the effective optical path difference delta nd is different under different visual angles. However, the optimum optical path difference of the liquid crystal cell is designed according to the normal direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal cell, and for obliquely incident light rays, the minimum transmittance increases with increasing included angle, the contrast ratio decreases, and when the included angle is sufficiently large, even contrast ratio reversal occurs.
Currently, a variety of approaches to solve the viewing angle problem have been proposed, such as: optically compensating bend (opticallycompensated bend, OCB) mode, in-plane switching (in-PLANE SWITCHING, IPS) mode, fringe field switching (FRINGE FIELD SWITCHING, FFS) mode, and multi-domain homeotropic alignment (multi-VERTICAL ALIGNMENT, MVA) mode, among others. They all have respective advantages and disadvantages: the MVA mode has the characteristics of high contrast and quick response, but it requires one biaxial compensation film and two elliptical polarizers, and thus is costly; in the OCB mode, it is difficult to maintain stable control by using ac voltage, the transmittance of R, G, B monochromatic lights is different, in addition, in the case of no field, the molecules in the liquid crystal cell are arranged in a direction parallel to the substrate, in order to implement bending arrangement, a few seconds of voltage needs to be applied to the cell for presetting, and then the arrangement mode can be maintained under a lower voltage, which is inconvenient to use; the IPS mode requires only a linear polarizer and no compensation film, but its response speed is too slow to display a fast moving picture. Since the IPS mode and FFS mode are simple to manufacture and have a wide viewing angle, they are the most attractive methods capable of improving viewing angle characteristics and realizing a large-area display.
In the beginning of the last 70 th century, experimental studies have been made on the fundamental electro-optic characteristics of the uniformly aligned and twisted nematic liquid crystal IPS mode, which is characterized in that a pair of electrodes are formed on the same substrate and the other substrate has no electrode, and the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is controlled by a transverse electric field applied between the electrodes of the pair, so that this mode can also be called a transverse field mode. In the IPS mode, nematic liquid crystal molecules are uniformly aligned in parallel between two substrates, and two polarizers are placed orthogonally. In the IPS mode, when no electric field is applied, incident light is blocked by two orthogonal polarizers and is in a dark state, and when an electric field is applied, liquid crystal molecules are rotated to cause retardation, so that light leaks from the two orthogonal polarizers. The panel adopting the IPS mode has the advantages of large visible angle and accurate color reproduction, but has the disadvantages of serious light leakage and slower response speed.
With the wide application of TFT-type LCDs, there is a continuous increase in the performance requirements, and high display image quality requires faster response speed, lower power consumption, and higher low-temperature reliability, and in addition, higher contrast and transmittance, particularly for IPS-type liquid crystal display modes. This means that liquid crystal materials are required to have higher contrast and transmittance, higher elastic constant, higher dielectric constant and low temperature reliability, and improvements in these properties are required for liquid crystal materials.
Based on the conventional IPS-LCD light leakage test, the skilled person in the art finds that the main factors causing the light leakage problem of the liquid crystal display device are: light scattering (LC SCATTERING), and LC SCATTERING has the following relation to the average elastic constant K ave:
LC SCATTERING. Alpha. Delta.n 2(ne+no)2/Kave, where d represents the pitch of the liquid crystal cell, n e represents the extraordinary refractive index, n o represents the ordinary refractive index, and K ave represents the average elastic constant.
From this relation, LC SCATTERING is inversely proportional to K ave, and when K ave is increased, light leakage of the liquid crystal material can be reduced.
Further, the relation between Contrast (CR) and brightness (L) is as follows:
Cr=l 255/L0 ×100%, where L 255 is on-state luminance and L 0 is off-state luminance.
Wherein L 255 is on-state luminance and L 0 is off-state luminance. It can be seen that what significantly affects CR should be a change in L 0. In the off state, L 0 is independent of the dielectric properties of the liquid crystal molecules, and is related to the light scattering of the liquid crystal material itself, and the smaller the light scattering, the smaller the L 0, and the contrast is significantly improved.
In addition, the response speed is another important parameter for the liquid crystal display device, and the relationship between the response time (τ) and the rotational viscosity (γ 1) is as follows:
τ off∝γ1d2/π2 K, wherein γ 1 is the rotational viscosity of the liquid crystal, d is the thickness of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal display device, and K is the elastic constant related to the liquid crystal.
From this relational expression, it is clear that τ is inversely proportional to γ 1, and a liquid crystal composition having a small rotational viscosity can improve the response speed of a liquid crystal display element, and when the response speed of the liquid crystal display element is high, it can be applied to moving image display.
In view of the above, the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal material is improved, and the order of liquid crystal molecules is better and light leakage is less by improving the value of the average elastic constant K ave of the liquid crystal composition; the liquid crystal composition having a small rotational viscosity can improve the response speed of the liquid crystal display element.
In addition, in order to secure high display image quality of the liquid crystal display, the liquid crystal composition is also required to have a high contrast ratio, a short response time, a large K ave value, and a low rotational viscosity while maintaining a suitable absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, low-temperature reliability, clearing point, optical anisotropy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display device which have better optical anisotropy, dielectric anisotropy, clearing point and low-temperature storage time, and also have higher contrast ratio, shorter response time, larger K ave value and lower rotational viscosity so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound of formula i and at least one compound of formula ii:
r 1、R2、R3 each independently represents-H, straight-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl groups containing 1 to 12 (e.g., may be 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) carbon atoms, branched-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl groups containing 3 to 12 (e.g., may be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group containing 3 to 12 (e.g., may be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11), Wherein one or not adjacent two or more-CH 2 -of said straight-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and branched-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms may be replaced by-C.ident.C-, -O-, -CO-O-or-O-CO-, respectively and independently;
R 4 represents-H, straight-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl groups containing 1 to 12 (for example, may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) carbon atoms, branched-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl groups containing 3 to 12 (for example, may be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) carbon atoms, Wherein one or not adjacent two or more-CH 2 -of the straight-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and branched-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms may be each independently replaced by-ch=ch-, -c≡c-, -O-, -CO-O-, or-O-CO-;
Ring(s) Ring/>Ring/>And Ring/>Each independently represents/>Wherein/> In (a) may be replaced by-O-and/> In which one or more single bonds in the ring may be replaced by double bonds,/>Single bonds in one or both rings may be replaced by double bonds, where/>Wherein-H may be independently substituted with-CN, -F or-Cl, and-ch=may be substituted with-n=in one or more rings;
Z 1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5 and Z 6 each independently represent a single bond 、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-(CH2)4-、-CF2O- or-OCF 2 -;
L 1、L2、L3、L4 each independently represents-F, -Cl, -CF 3、-OCF3;
n 1 represents 0,1 or 2, n 2 and n 3 each independently represent 0 or 1, and 0.ltoreq.n 1+n2+n3.ltoreq.2; when n 1 =2, the ring Z 1, which may be the same or different, may be the same or different;
n 4 represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, n 5 represents 0 or 1, and 0.ltoreq.n 4+n5.ltoreq.3; when n 4 =2 or 3, the ring Z 5, which may be the same or different, may be the same or different.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, the compound of formula i comprises 0.1% to 50% (including all values therebetween) by weight of the liquid crystal composition, for example 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 33%, 35%, 37%, 40%, 42%, 45%, 47%, 50% or a range of values between any two thereof; preferably, the compound of formula I comprises 1% to 35% by weight of the liquid crystal composition; further preferably, the compound of formula I comprises 5% to 20% by weight of the liquid crystal composition. When the compound of the general formula I of the present invention accounts for more than 50% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, the low-temperature storage property and the reliability of the voltage holding ratio of the liquid crystal composition are affected.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, in the compounds of formula I, R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms,Straight-chain alkoxy groups having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, branched-chain alkoxy groups having 3 to 9 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, the compound of formula ii comprises 0.1% to 40% (including all values therebetween) by weight of the liquid crystal composition, for example 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 17%, 19%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 32%, 35%, 37%, 40% or a range of values between any two thereof; preferably, the compound of formula II comprises 1-30% by weight of the liquid crystal composition; further preferably, the compound of formula II comprises 3-20% by weight of the liquid crystal composition. When the weight percentage of the compound of the general formula II in the liquid crystal composition is higher than 40%, the low-temperature storage property of the liquid crystal composition is affected.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, in the compounds of formula II, R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group containing 3 to 9 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkoxy group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkoxy group containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, L 1、L2、L3、L4 each independently represents-F, -Cl.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, the compound of formula i is selected from the group consisting of:
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one (e.g., two, three) compound of formula I-1.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one (e.g., two, three) compound of formula I-2.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one (e.g., two, three) compound of formula I-1 and at least one (e.g., two, three) compound of formula I-2.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the compound of formula ii is selected from the group consisting of:
in some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula II-17, compounds of formula II-4, and compounds of formula II-12.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one (e.g., two, three) compound selected from the group consisting of formula II-12.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of formula II-12 and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of formula II-4.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one (e.g., two, three) compound selected from the group consisting of formula II-17.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds of the general formula II-17 and at least one (e.g., may be two or three) compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds of the general formula II-4.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to obtain a relatively higher contrast ratio, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds of the general formulae II to 12 and at least two compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds of the general formulae II to 17.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, the liquid crystal composition further comprises at least one compound of formula N:
Wherein,
R N1 and R N2 each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1 to 12 (e.g., may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group containing 3 to 12 (e.g., may be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group containing a cyclic alkyl group,Wherein one or not adjacent two or more of the linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and the branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, -CH 2 -, may be independently replaced with-ch=ch-, -c≡c-, -O-, -CO-O-or-O-CO-, respectively;
Ring(s) And Ring/>Each independently represents/>Wherein the method comprises the steps ofIn which one or more-CH 2 -may be replaced by-O-and one or at most two single bonds in the ring may be replaced by double bonds, where/>In which-H may be substituted by-F, -Cl or-CN, and-ch=may be substituted by-n=in one or more rings;
z N1 and Z N2 each independently represent a single bond 、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-(CH2)4-、-CF2O- or-OCF 2 -;
L N1 and L N2 each independently represent-H, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or halogen; and
N N1 represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, n N2 represents 0 or 1, and 0.ltoreq.n N1+nN2.ltoreq.3, when n N1 =2 or 3, the ringZ N1, which may be the same or different, may be the same or different;
the compounds of formula N do not include compounds of formula I and compounds of formula II.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, R N1 and R N2 each independently represent a straight chain alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched chain alkyl group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a straight chain alkoxy group containing 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a branched chain alkoxy group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, the compound of formula N comprises 0.1% to 60% (including all values therebetween) by weight of the liquid crystal composition, e.g., 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 30%, 34%, 38%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60% or a range of values between any two thereof; preferably, the compound of formula N comprises 5-50% by weight of the liquid crystal composition; further preferably, the compound of formula N comprises 20-50% by weight of the liquid crystal composition.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, the compound of formula N is selected from the group consisting of:
/>
/>
/>
Wherein R N1 and R N2 each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms, a branched alkoxy group having 3 to 11 carbon atoms, a,
In some embodiments of the present invention, in order for the composition of the present invention to have a smaller rotational viscosity, a faster response time, and a higher contrast ratio and a better low temperature storage time while maintaining a suitable clearing point, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, preferably, the compound of formula N is selected from the group consisting of the compound of formula N-2, the compound of formula N-7, the compound of formula N-15, and the compound of formula N-22.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, the liquid crystal composition further comprises at least one compound of formula M:
Wherein,
R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms branched alkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms,Wherein one or not adjacent two or more-CH 2 -of the straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and the branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms may be independently replaced with-ch=ch-, -c≡c-, -O-, -CO-O-, or-O-CO-, respectively;
Ring(s) Ring/>And Ring/>Each independently represents/> Wherein/>One or more of-CH 2 -may be replaced by-O-and one or at most two single bonds in the ring may be replaced by double bonds,/>At most one-H of (c) may be substituted by halogen;
Z M1 and Z M2 each independently represent a single bond, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH 2O-、-OCH2-、-C≡C-、-CH＝CH-、-CH2CH2 -, or- (CH 2)4 -; and
N M represents 0, 1 or 2, wherein when n M =2, the ringZ M2, which may be the same or different, may be the same or different.
In some embodiments of the invention, the compound of formula M comprises 0.1% to 70% (including all values therebetween) by weight of the liquid crystal composition, e.g., 0.1%, 1%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70% or a range of values between any two thereof; preferably, the compound of formula M comprises 5-65% by weight of the liquid crystal composition; further preferably, the compound of formula M comprises 10-60% by weight of the liquid crystal composition.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a straight chain alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched chain alkyl group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a straight chain alkoxy group containing 1 to 9 carbon atoms, a branched chain alkoxy group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a straight chain alkenyl group containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched chain alkenyl group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a straight chain alkenyl group containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms; further preferably, R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a straight chain alkenyl group containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, one of R M1 and R M2 is a linear alkenyl group containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and the other is a linear alkyl group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a linear alkoxy group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms; further preferably, R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a straight-chain alkoxy group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, one of R M1 and R M2 is a linear alkoxy group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and the other is a linear alkyl group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, where reliability is important, it is preferred that both R M1 and R M2 are alkyl; where importance is attached to reducing the volatility of the compound, it is preferable that both R M1 and R M2 are alkoxy groups; in the case where the viscosity reduction is important, at least one of R M1 and R M2 is preferably an alkenyl group.
As used herein, the term "containing 1-r carbon atoms" (where r is an integer greater than 1) may be any integer between 1 and r (inclusive of the end values 1 and r) carbon atoms, for example, containing 2 carbon atoms, containing (r-1) carbon atoms, or containing r carbon atoms. For example, "containing 1-12 carbon atoms" may be containing 1,2, 3,4,5, 6,7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 carbon atoms.
As used herein, the term "integer of y 1-y2" may be any integer between the ranges (inclusive of the endpoints y 1 and y 2). For example, an "integer of 0-12" may be 0,1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6,7, 8, 9,10, 11, or 12.
The alkenyl group in the present invention is preferably selected from the group represented by any one of the formulas (V1) to (V9), and particularly preferably is formula (V1), formula (V2), formula (V8) or (V9). The groups represented by the formulas (V1) to (V9) are as follows:
Wherein represents the attachment site in the bonded ring structure.
The alkenyloxy group in the present invention is preferably selected from the group represented by any one of the formulae (OV 1) to (OV 9), and particularly preferably is the formula (OV 1), the formula (OV 2), the formula (OV 8) or the formula (OV 9). The groups represented by the formulas (OV 1) to (OV 9) are as follows:
Wherein represents the attachment site in the bonded ring structure.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, the compound of formula M is selected from the group consisting of:
/>
/>
In some embodiments of the present invention, the compound of formula M is preferably selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula M-1, a compound of formula M-11, and a compound of formula M-13 in order for the composition of the present invention to have a smaller rotational viscosity, a faster response time, and a higher contrast ratio while maintaining a suitable clearing point, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable absolute value of dielectric anisotropy, and a better low temperature storage time.
In some embodiments of the invention, it is preferred to adjust the content of the compound of formula M in order to provide the composition of the invention with a smaller rotational viscosity, a faster response time and a higher contrast and better low temperature storage time while maintaining a suitable clearing point, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition preferably further comprises at least one additive, and in addition to the above-mentioned compounds, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention may contain additives such as usual nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal, dopant, antioxidant, ultraviolet light absorber, infrared light absorber, polymerizable monomer or light stabilizer.
Possible dopants preferably added to the liquid crystal composition according to the invention are shown below:
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in some embodiments of the invention, the dopant comprises 0% to 5% by weight of the liquid crystal composition; preferably, the dopant comprises 0.01% to 1% by weight of the liquid crystal composition.
The additives such as antioxidants, light stabilizers, and ultraviolet absorbers used in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention are preferably the following:
/>
/>
Wherein n represents a positive integer of 1 to 12.
Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from the compounds shown below:
in some embodiments of the invention, the light stabilizer comprises 0% to 5% by weight of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition; preferably, the light stabilizer comprises 0.01% to 1% by weight of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.
The composition of the invention may also comprise a polymerizable compound comprising at least one compound of formula RM:
Wherein P 1 and P 2 each independently represent Or-SH; r 1 represents an integer of 1 to 3 (e.g., 1,2, or 3); r 2 and r 3 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 6 (e.g., 0, 1,2, 3, 4, 5, or 6); r 4 and r 5 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4 (e.g., 0, 1,2, 3, or 4); z represents a single bond, -CH 2CH2-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2 -, or-CH=CH-COO-; z p1 and Z p2, which are identical or different, each independently represent a single bond 、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-NHCOO-、-OCONH-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2S-、-SCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2-、-CF2CF2-、-CF＝CH-、-CH＝CF-、-CF＝CF-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-CH2-、-OCH2-、-SCH2-、-CH2S-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-CH＝CH-COO- or-OCO-CH=CH-; y 1 and Y 2 each independently represent H, halogen, straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, branched-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups containing 3 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, P 1 and P 2 each independently represent
In some embodiments of the invention, the compound of formula RM is selected from the group consisting of:
/>
/>
/>
/>
/>
Further preferably, the compound of formula RM is selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula RM-1, a compound of formula RM-2, a compound of formula RM-3, a compound of formula RM-4, a compound of formula RM-5, a compound of formula RM-6, a compound of formula RM-7, a compound of formula RM-8, a compound of formula RM-11, a compound of formula RM-12, a compound of formula RM-13, a compound of formula RM-14, a compound of formula RM-29, a compound of formula RM-30, a compound of formula RM-31, a compound of formula RM-32, a compound of formula RM-33, or a compound of formula RM-34.
When the liquid crystal composition and the polymerizable compound are polymerized, the formed polymerized particles are relatively uniform, larger polymerized particles are not easy to form, and bright spots are not formed in the panel to influence the display effect.
In addition, the liquid crystal composition may further contain a polymerization initiator in order to promote polymerization. Examples of the polymerization initiator include benzoin ethers, benzophenones, acetophenones, benzil ketals, and acylphosphine oxides.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device comprising the above liquid crystal composition.
The liquid crystal composition of the invention can be applied to display elements of VA, NFFS or PSA-VA display modes, and is particularly applicable to display elements of NFFS display modes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the liquid crystal composition disclosed by the invention has relatively good optical anisotropy, dielectric anisotropy, clearing point and low-temperature storage time, and also has higher contrast ratio, shorter response time, larger K ave value and lower rotational viscosity, and is suitable for a display element of a VA, NFFS or PSA-VA display mode.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described below in connection with specific embodiments. The following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Other combinations and various modifications within the spirit of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
In the invention, unless otherwise specified, the proportions are weight ratios, and all temperatures are temperatures of degrees celsius.
For ease of expression, in each of the following examples, the group structure of each compound is represented by the code listed in Table 1:
TABLE 1 structural codes for compound groups in liquid crystal compositions
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The structural code is illustrated by way of example for a compound of the formula:
The structural formula can be expressed as nCPPm if represented by the code shown in Table 1, where n in the code represents the number of carbon atoms of the left-end alkyl group, for example, n is 3, that is, represents that the alkyl group is-C 3H7, C in the code represents 1, 4-cyclohexylene group, P represents 1, 4-phenylene group, m represents the number of carbon atoms of the right-end alkyl group, for example, m is 2, that is, represents that the alkyl group is-C 2H5.
In the following examples, shorthand numbers of performance test items are shown in table 2.
Table 2 abbreviated code for performance test items
| Code number of test item | Meaning of |
| Δn | Optical anisotropy (589 nm,20 ℃ C.) |
| Δε | Dielectric anisotropy (1 KHz,20 ℃ C.) |
| Cp | Clearing point (nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature, DEG C) |
| γ1 | Rotational viscosity (mPa.s, 20 ℃ C.) |
| Kave | Average spring constant |
| T -30℃ or t -40℃ | Low temperature storage time (day at-30 ℃ C. Or-40 ℃ C.) |
| τ | Response time (ms) |
| CR | Contrast ratio |
Wherein Δn: the sample was measured at 20℃under a sodium light (589 nm) using an Abbe refractometer.
Δ∈=ε ∥-ε⊥, where ε ∥ is the dielectric constant parallel to the molecular axis, ε ⊥ is the dielectric constant perpendicular to the molecular axis, test conditions: 20 ℃ and 1KHz, the test box is of VA type and the thickness of the box is 6 mu m.
Cp: obtained by a melting point tester test.
Wherein K 11、K22 and K 33 are capacitance-voltage characteristics (C-V curves) of the liquid crystal material tested using an LCR meter and a VA test cell and calculated, test conditions: 6 mu mVA test box, V=0.1-20V, 20 ℃.
T -30℃: the nematic liquid crystal medium was placed in a glass bottle, stored at-30℃and the time recorded when crystal precipitation was observed.
T -40℃: the nematic liquid crystal medium was placed in a glass bottle, stored at-40 ℃ and the time recorded when crystal precipitation was observed.
Τ: test using DMS505 tester at 20 ℃ under the following conditions: negative IPS type test cartridge with a cartridge thickness of 3.5 μm at 20℃under V90 drive.
Gamma 1: the liquid crystal physical property evaluation system TOYO6254 is used for testing and obtaining; the test temperature was 20deg.C, the test voltage was 90V, and the test cartridge thickness was 20 μm.
CR: the transmittance of the liquid crystal cells, tr 255 and Tr 0, were measured at 255 gray scale voltages and 0 gray scale voltages, respectively, using a DMS 505 tester, obtained from Tr 255/Tr0, under the following test conditions: negative IPS type test kit with a thickness of 3.5 μm at 20 ℃.
The components used in the liquid crystal compositions of the following examples were synthesized by a known method or obtained commercially, and the components of the obtained liquid crystal compositions were tested to meet the electronic compound standards.
The liquid crystal compositions in the following examples were prepared in accordance with the proportions of the respective components (the formulas of the components belonging to the brackets at the ends of the components in the examples) and were mixed by a conventional preparation method such as heating, ultrasonic wave, suspension and the like to obtain liquid crystal compositions.
Liquid crystal compositions as given in the following examples were prepared and studied. The composition of each liquid crystal composition and the results of the performance parameter test thereof are shown below.
Comparative example 1:
In this comparative example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in mass percent as shown in the following table, and the performance test results thereof are shown in the following table:
Comparative example 2:
In this comparative example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in mass percent as shown in the following table, and the performance test results thereof are shown in the following table:
/>
Example 1:
in this example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in the mass percentages shown in the following table, and the performance test results are shown in the following table:
Example 2:
in this example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in the mass percentages shown in the following table, and the performance test results are shown in the following table:
Example 3:
in this example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in the mass percentages shown in the following table, and the performance test results are shown in the following table:
example 4:
in this example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in the mass percentages shown in the following table, and the performance test results are shown in the following table:
Example 5:
in this example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in the mass percentages shown in the following table, and the performance test results are shown in the following table:
example 6:
in this example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in the mass percentages shown in the following table, and the performance test results are shown in the following table:
/>
Example 7:
in this example, the liquid crystal composition includes components in the mass percentages shown in the following table, and the performance test results are shown in the following table:
As is clear from comparison of comparative examples 1 and 2, when the compound of the general formula I of the present invention is used instead of the similar monomer, the liquid crystal composition is improved in terms of low-temperature storage time, K ave value, response time, rotational viscosity and contrast ratio, while maintaining suitable clearing point, optical anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy, but still cannot meet the pursuit of higher K ave value, faster response time, smaller rotational viscosity and higher contrast ratio by the liquid crystal composition.
Further, as can be seen from comparison of comparative examples 1 and 2 with example 1, when the compound of the general formula I and the compound of the general formula II of the present invention are substituted for similar monomers, the liquid crystal composition comprising the compound of the general formula I and the compound of the general formula II of the present invention can further reduce the rotational viscosity and shorten the response time while maintaining a good clearing point, optical anisotropy, dielectric anisotropy, and low-temperature storage time, and at the same time, the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal composition is also significantly improved, and the K ave value of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be maintained at a significantly high level, so that the liquid crystal molecular order is well represented and the liquid crystal material has less light leakage.
As can be seen from examples 1 to 7, the liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention can achieve lower rotational viscosity and shorter response time in systems with different levels of Δn, cp and Δε, and has higher contrast ratio, and the K ave value of the liquid crystal composition can still be maintained at a significantly high level.
In summary, the liquid crystal composition of the invention maintains relatively good optical anisotropy, dielectric anisotropy, clearing point and low-temperature storage time, has higher contrast ratio and shorter response time, larger K ave value and lower rotational viscosity, and is suitable for display elements of VA, NFFS or PSA-VA display modes.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement it, but not limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid crystal composition, characterized in that it comprises at least one compound of formula i and at least one compound of formula ii:
wherein R 1、R2、R3 each independently represents-H, straight-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, branched halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, Wherein one or not adjacent two or more-CH 2 -of said straight-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and branched-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms may be replaced by-C.ident.C-, -O-, -CO-O-or-O-CO-, respectively and independently;
R 4 represents-H, straight-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, branched-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, Wherein one or not adjacent two or more-CH 2 -of the straight-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and branched-chain halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms may be each independently replaced by-ch=ch-, -c≡c-, -O-, -CO-O-, or-O-CO-;
Ring(s) Ring/>Ring/>And Ring/>Each independently representsWherein/> In (a) may be replaced by-O-and/> In which one or more single bonds in the ring may be replaced by double bonds,/>Single bonds in one or both rings may be replaced by double bonds, where/>Wherein-H may be independently substituted with-CN, -F or-Cl, and-ch=may be substituted with-n=in one or more rings;
Z 1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5 and Z 6 each independently represent a single bond 、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-(CH2)4-、-CF2O- or-OCF 2 -;
L 1、L2、L3、L4 each independently represents-F, -Cl, -CF 3、-OCF3;
n 1 represents 0,1 or 2, n 2 and n 3 each independently represent 0 or 1, and 0.ltoreq.n 1+n2+n3.ltoreq.2; when n 1 =2, the ring Z 1, which may be the same or different, may be the same or different;
n 4 represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, n 5 represents 0 or 1, and 0.ltoreq.n 4+n5.ltoreq.3; when n 4 =2 or 3, the ring Z 5, which may be the same or different, may be the same or different.
2. A liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula i is selected from the group consisting of:
3. A liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compound of formula ii is selected from the group consisting of:
4. A liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one compound of formula N:
Wherein,
R N1 and R N2 each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms branched alkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms,Wherein one or not adjacent two or more of the linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and the branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, -CH 2 -, may be independently replaced with-ch=ch-, -c≡c-, -O-, -CO-O-or-O-CO-, respectively;
Ring(s) And Ring/>Each independently represents/>Wherein the method comprises the steps ofIn which-CH 2 -may be replaced by-O-and the single bond in one or both rings may be replaced by a double bond, where/>In which-H may be substituted by-F, -Cl or-CN, and-ch=may be substituted by-n=in one or more rings;
z N1 and Z N2 each independently represent a single bond 、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-(CH2)4-、-CF2O- or-OCF 2 -;
L N1 and L N2 independently represent-H, alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or halogen; and
N N1 represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, n N2 represents 0 or 1, and 0.ltoreq.n N1+nN2.ltoreq.3, when n N1 =2 or 3, the ringZ N1, which may be the same or different, may be the same or different;
The compounds of formula N do not include the compounds of formula I and the compounds of formula II.
5. A liquid crystal composition according to claim 4, wherein the compound of formula N is selected from the group consisting of:
Wherein R N1 and R N2 each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms, a branched alkoxy group having 3 to 11 carbon atoms, a,
6. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 4, further comprising at least one compound of formula M:
Wherein,
R M1 and R M2 each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms branched alkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms,Wherein one or not adjacent two or more-CH 2 -of the straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and the branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms may be independently replaced with-ch=ch-, -c≡c-, -O-, -CO-O-, or-O-CO-, respectively;
Ring(s) Ring/>And Ring/>Each independently represents/> Wherein/>One or more of-CH 2 -may be replaced by-O-and a single bond in one or both rings may be replaced by a double bond,/>At most one-H of (c) may be substituted by halogen;
Z M1 and Z M2 each independently represent a single bond, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH 2O-、-OCH2-、-C≡C-、-CH＝CH-、-CH2CH2 -, or- (CH 2)4 -; and
N M represents 0, 1 or 2, wherein when n M =2, the ringZ M2, which may be the same or different, may be the same or different.
7. A liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, wherein the compound of formula M is selected from the group consisting of:
/>
/>
8. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, wherein the compound of formula i is 0.1-50% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, the compound of formula ii is 0.1-40% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, the compound of formula N is 0.1-60% by weight of the liquid crystal composition, and the compound of formula M is 0.1-70% by weight of the liquid crystal composition.
9. A liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal composition further comprises at least one additive.
10. A liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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