CN118229574A - Digital enhancement method for water supply and drainage design drawing - Google Patents
Digital enhancement method for water supply and drainage design drawing Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06T5/70—Denoising; Smoothing
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of image data processing, in particular to a digital enhancement method for a water supply and drainage design drawing, which comprises the following steps: collecting a water supply and drainage design drawing, and obtaining a water supply and drainage design edge drawing; acquiring a plurality of filter windows in a water supply and drainage design edge graph, and acquiring the noise degree of each filter window; and denoising the water supply and drainage design drawing by utilizing a Gaussian filter algorithm according to the noise degree of each filter window, and finishing the digital enhancement of the water supply and drainage design drawing. According to the invention, on the basis of traditional Gaussian filtering, the noise conditions of different sliding window positions in the water supply and drainage design diagram are regulated in real time according to the distribution characteristics of the water supply and drainage design diagram and the distribution characteristics of noise points, so that a better denoising effect is achieved, and the image information in the water supply and drainage design diagram is kept on the basis of the denoising effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image data processing, in particular to a digital enhancement method for water supply and drainage design drawings.
Background
When the database is built in factories, the paper water supply and drainage design drawings need to be digitally converted, and the paper water supply and drainage design drawings are subjected to the influence of factors such as illumination, acquisition equipment and the like in the process of acquiring the paper water supply and drainage design drawings by using scanning equipment, so that a certain amount of noise information contained in the acquired digital images occupies a certain data space, the waste of data storage space is caused, and meanwhile, the recognition and judgment of the water supply and drainage design drawings are influenced, so that the noise removal enhancement treatment of the water supply and drainage design drawings is needed.
The Gaussian filtering algorithm is simple in principle and small in storage capacity and calculation capacity, and is usually used for denoising and enhancing the water supply and drainage design drawing, but the traditional Gaussian filtering algorithm does not consider image elements in the water supply and drainage design drawing due to general processing operation, so that when the water supply and drainage design drawing is denoised by Gaussian filtering, image information is damaged and the denoising effect is poor; according to the invention, through combining the distribution characteristics of the water supply and drainage pipelines in the water supply and drainage design drawing, the Gaussian filtering is regulated, the denoising effect of the water supply and drainage design drawing is improved, and the image information in the water supply and drainage design drawing is kept on the basis of the denoising effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a digital enhancement method of a water supply and drainage design drawing, which aims to solve the existing problems.
The invention relates to a digital enhancement method for water supply and drainage design drawings, which adopts the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a digital enhancement method for a water supply and drainage design drawing, which comprises the following steps:
collecting a water supply and drainage design drawing, and obtaining a water supply and drainage design edge drawing;
acquiring a plurality of filter windows in a water supply and drainage design edge graph, and acquiring a plurality of fitting line segments of each filter window;
Acquiring a line segment interval set of each filter window, classifying the same number in the line segment interval set into one type to obtain a plurality of interval types, acquiring the linear edge continuity degree of each filter window according to the number and the number distribution of the plurality of interval types of each filter window, acquiring the linear line segment fixed included angle of a water supply and drainage design drawing as a standard included angle, acquiring the line segment included angle of each filter window, and acquiring the noise degree of each filter window according to the difference between the linear edge continuity degree of each filter window and the line segment included angle and the standard included angle of each filter window;
And obtaining an adjustment standard deviation of each filter window by utilizing the noise degree of each filter window, denoising the water supply and drainage design drawing by utilizing a Gaussian filter algorithm according to the adjustment standard deviation, and finishing the digital enhancement of the water supply and drainage design drawing.
Optionally, the acquiring the line segment interval set of each filtering window includes the following specific steps:
Recording any filter window as an attention window, and acquiring a fitting straight line pair of the attention window;
recording any fitting line segment group in the attention window as an attention line segment group, recording any fitting line segment in the attention line segment group as an attention line segment, sequentially recording two endpoints of the attention line segment as an attention first endpoint and an attention second endpoint, recording any fitting line segment except the attention line segment in the attention line segment group as a comparison line segment, sequentially recording two endpoints of the comparison line segment as a comparison first endpoint and a comparison second endpoint, acquiring Euclidean distances of any two points in the attention first endpoint, the attention second endpoint, the comparison first endpoint and the comparison second endpoint, and recording the minimum value of the Euclidean distances as the interval between the attention line segment and the comparison line segment;
the interval between any two fitting line segments in the line segment group of interest is obtained, an interval sequence is formed according to the sequence from small interval to large interval, and the number of fitting line segments in the line segment group of interest is obtained Acquisition of Pre/>, in Interval sequenceAnd the intervals are recorded as line interval of the line segment group of interest, and all line segment intervals of all fitting line segment groups in the interest window form a line segment interval set of the interest window.
Optionally, the obtaining the fitted straight line pair of the attention window includes the following specific steps:
acquiring the slope of each fitting line segment in each filtering window;
Recording any filter window as a concerned window, setting a deviation threshold value The absolute value of the difference value of the slopes of any two fitting line segments in the concerned window is obtained and marked as the slope difference, two fitting line segments with the slope difference smaller than the deviation threshold value are obtained and marked as fitting line segment pairs, all fitting line segment pairs are combined into a plurality of fitting line segment groups, and any two fitting line segments in each fitting line segment group are fitting line segment pairs.
Optionally, the obtaining the linear edge continuity degree of each filter window according to the numerical value and the number distribution of the plurality of interval categories of each filter window includes the following specific steps:
Wherein, Represents the/>Linear edge continuity of the individual filter windows,/>Represents the/>First/>, of the filter windowLine segment intervals of interval class,/>Represents the/>First/>, of the filter windowThe number of intervals of the interval category.
Optionally, the specific steps of acquiring the line segment included angle of each filtering window are as follows:
And obtaining the smallest angle in two included angle values of the straight line where any two fitting line segments are positioned in each filter window to form an included angle set of each filter window, and recording the average value of the obtained included angle set as the line segment included angle of each filter window.
Optionally, the obtaining the noise level of each filter window according to the difference between the continuity level of the linear edge of each filter window and the line segment included angle and the standard included angle of each filter window includes the following specific steps:
Wherein, Represents the/>Noise level of each filter window,/>Represents the/>Included angle of line segment of each filter window,/>Represents the/>Linear edge continuity of the individual filter windows,/>Representing a standard included angle,/>The representation takes absolute value.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the distribution characteristics of the water supply and drainage pipelines in the water supply and drainage design diagram, firstly, the difference of the included angle formed by the edges of the water supply and drainage pipelines and the included angle formed by noise in the water supply and drainage design diagram is considered, noise distribution disorder is further considered, noise points can possibly form an included angle similar to the water supply and drainage pipelines, but the distribution of the noise points is scattered, the formed line segments are broken, further the difference of the included angles is adjusted, the noise degree is obtained, further the noise degree is removed by utilizing a Gaussian filter algorithm according to the difference of the noise degrees at different positions, on the basis of traditional Gaussian filtering, real-time Gaussian filter calculation adjustment can be carried out according to the noise conditions of different sliding window positions, so that the noise removal effect is better achieved, and the image information in the water supply and drainage design diagram is kept on the basis of the noise removal effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the digital enhancement method of the water supply and drainage design drawing;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fitted line segment of a filter window.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the preset purpose, the following description refers to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects of a water supply and drainage design chart digital enhancement method according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" means that the embodiments are not necessarily the same. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The invention provides a digital enhancement method for water supply and drainage design drawings, which is specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a digital enhancement method for a water supply and drainage design according to an embodiment of the invention is shown, the method includes the following steps:
and S001, collecting a water supply and drainage design drawing, and obtaining a water supply and drainage design edge drawing.
Collecting a water supply and drainage design drawing to be enhanced, carrying out grey treatment on the water supply and drainage design drawing to obtain a water supply and drainage design grey drawing, and carrying out edge detection on the water supply and drainage design grey drawing to obtain a water supply and drainage design edge drawing; the edge detection algorithm is a prior art, and the embodiment is described by taking a Canny edge detection algorithm as an example, and an implementer may select other edge detection algorithms according to circumstances.
Thus, a water supply and drainage design edge diagram is obtained.
Step S002, a plurality of filter windows in the water supply and drainage design edge graph are obtained, and a plurality of fitting line segments of each filter window are obtained.
It should be noted that, noise in the water supply and drainage design drawing presents irregular distribution around the water supply and drainage design drawing area due to its own characteristics, wherein the distributed noise points are distributed in a scattered point and irregular form, the water supply and drainage design drawing presents obvious difference with the noise point distribution due to the fact that the water supply and drainage design drawing consists of special image elements and regular unified line types, and the edge profile of the image elements obtained after edge detection can well represent the distribution rule relation of pixels in each area; therefore, the self-adaptive Gaussian filtering weight can be constructed through the noise points in the water supply and drainage design drawing and the distribution characteristics of the pixel points carrying information in the water supply and drainage, and the image information in the water supply and drainage design drawing is ensured to be reserved on the basis of removing the noise in the water supply and drainage design drawing.
Because the denoising operation is performed by using the gaussian filter algorithm in this embodiment, the size of the gaussian filter kernel, that is, the size of the sliding window, needs to be set first according to the denoising process of the gaussian filter algorithm.
Taking each edge point in the water supply and drainage design edge diagram as the center, establishingSize sliding window, the embodiment is setThe implementer can adjust according to the specific implementation scene to obtain a plurality of sliding windows, which are recorded as filtering windows.
So far, a plurality of filter windows are obtained.
It should be further noted that, because the water supply and drainage design drawing is composed of special image elements and straight line segments, the special image elements refer to icons in the water supply and drainage design drawing, and the straight line segments in the water supply and drainage design drawing intersect with each other at a plurality of specified angles; the noise points in the water supply and drainage design drawing consist of irregular curves and scattered points, and a certain number of straight line segments which form irregular included angles with each other are also included, so that the noise and the water supply and drainage design drawing can be distinguished by judging the intersecting angles of straight lines.
Performing straight line fitting on the edge points of each filter window to obtain a plurality of straight lines, and marking the straight lines as fitted line segments of each filter window; it should be noted that, the straight line fitting is in the prior art, and this embodiment is not repeated.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of straight line fitting of edge points in a filter window, in which white dotted lines represent fitted line segments.
So far, a plurality of fitting line segments of each filter window are obtained.
Step S003, obtaining the continuous degree of the linear edge of each filter window, obtaining the fixed included angle of the linear line segment of the water supply and drainage design drawing as a standard included angle, obtaining the included angle of the line segment of each filter window, and obtaining the noise degree of each filter window according to the continuous degree of the linear edge of each filter window and the difference between the included angle of the line segment of each filter window and the standard included angle.
It should be noted that, because the irregular included angle formed by the noise edge pixel straight line segments may also include the same included angle as the included angle formed by the straight line segments containing the image information in the water supply and drainage design drawing, further analysis is needed on the basis of the angle formed by the fitting line segments; because the water supply and drainage design drawing can form a closed area in the whole edge point containing image information due to the self characteristics, noise edge pixels can not form the closed area, namely, the situation of fracture discontinuity exists, whether fitting line segments forming included angles are always continuous can be distinguished through judging, and the situation that a tiny amount of edges are missing after the image is subjected to edge detection can be considered, so that the continuity of straight line segments forming the included angles can be analyzed on the basis of judging the included angles of the fitting line segments.
And acquiring the slope of each fitting line segment in each filtering window, and carrying out linear normalization processing on the slopes of the fitting line segments in all the filtering windows.
Recording any filter window as a concerned window, setting a deviation threshold valueThe present embodiment sets/>Acquiring absolute values of differences of slopes of any two fitting line segments in a concerned window, marking the absolute values as slope differences, acquiring two fitting line segments with slope differences smaller than a deviation threshold value, marking the two fitting line segments as fitting line segment pairs, and merging all fitting line segment pairs, wherein the merging comprises merging all fitting line segment pairs into a plurality of fitting line segment groups, wherein any two fitting line segments in each fitting line segment group are fitting line segment pairs; if the number of fitted line segments in the attention window is smaller than two, the attention window is not processed.
And (3) marking any fitting line segment group in the attention window as an attention line segment group, marking any fitting line segment in the attention line segment group as an attention line segment, marking two endpoints of the attention line segment as an attention first endpoint and an attention second endpoint in sequence, marking any fitting line segment except the attention line segment in the attention line segment group as a comparison line segment, marking two endpoints of the comparison line segment as a comparison first endpoint and a comparison second endpoint in sequence, acquiring Euclidean distances of any two points in the attention first endpoint, the attention second endpoint, the comparison first endpoint and the comparison second endpoint, and marking the minimum value of the Euclidean distances as the interval between the attention line segment and the comparison line segment.
The interval between any two fitting line segments in the line segment group of interest is obtained, an interval sequence is formed according to the sequence from small interval to large interval, and the number of fitting line segments in the line segment group of interest is obtainedAcquisition of Pre/>, in Interval sequenceA plurality of intervals, noted as line segment intervals for the line segment group of interest; and carrying out linear normalization processing on all line segment intervals of all fitting line segment groups, and forming a line segment interval set of the attention window from all line segment intervals of all fitting line segment groups in the attention window.
The same values in the line segment interval set are classified into one type, a plurality of interval categories are obtained, the number of line segment intervals in each interval category is obtained, and the number of the line segment intervals in each interval category is recorded as the interval number of each interval category.
Specifically, by the firstBy taking a filter window as an example, obtain the/>Linear edge continuity of the individual filter windows/>The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
Wherein, Represents the/>First/>, of the filter windowLine segment intervals of interval class,/>Represents the/>First/>, of the filter windowThe number of intervals of the interval category.
Due toRepresenting line segment spacing, if/>The smaller the interval between the line segments with similar slopes is, the larger the probability that the line segments belong to pixel points containing image information in the water supply and drainage design drawing is, namely the larger the continuous degree of the straight line edges is; /(I)Represents the number of intervals, if/>The smaller the number of intervals representing the interval category, the greater the degree of straight edge continuity.
And carrying out linear normalization processing on the linear edge continuity degree of all the filter windows.
Thus, the linear edge continuity degree of each filter window is obtained.
It should be further noted that, because the degree of continuity of the straight edge in the filter window and the included angle formed by the fitted line segment affect the degree of noise in the filter window together, the degree of noise in the filter window is obtained according to the degree of continuity of the straight edge in each filter window and the abnormality of the included angle formed by the fitted line segment.
And obtaining the smallest angle in two included angle values of the straight line where any two fitting line segments are positioned in each filter window to form an included angle set of each filter window, and recording the average value of the obtained included angle set as the line segment included angle of each filter window.
Specifically, by the firstBy taking a filter window as an example, obtain the/>Noise level/>, of the individual filter windowsThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
Wherein, Represents the/>Included angle of line segment of each filter window,/>Represents the/>Linear edge continuity of the individual filter windows,/>The fixed angles of straight line segments representing water supply and drainage design drawings are marked as labeling angles, and the embodiment is set/>45 °/>Can be directly obtained through water supply and drainage design drawings,/>The representation takes absolute value.
Since the larger the difference between the line segment included angle and the fixed included angle in the filter window is, that isThe larger the noise included in the filtering window, the higher the possibility of the noise included in the filtering window, but the irregular included angle formed by the noise points may also include an included angle similar to the standard included angle, but due to the scattered distribution of the noise points and the irregular characteristic, the more discontinuities exist in the line segment formed by the noise points, namely the continuous degree of the straight line edge is smaller, and the noise degree is larger, and the continuous degree of the straight line and the special character edge containing the image information in the water supply and drainage design drawing, namely the continuous degree of the straight line edge is larger, and the noise degree is smaller.
And carrying out linear normalization processing on the noise degrees of all the filtering windows.
Thus, the noise level of each filter window is obtained.
And S004, obtaining an adjustment standard deviation of each filter window by using the noise degree of each filter window, denoising the water supply and drainage design drawing by using a Gaussian filter algorithm according to the adjustment standard deviation, and finishing the digital enhancement of the water supply and drainage design drawing.
It should be noted that, because the noise degrees at different positions are different, different adjustments are also required to be made in the gaussian filter windows at different positions; because the standard deviation of the Gaussian filter kernel in Gaussian filter calculation affects the denoising effect, the larger the standard deviation is, the better the denoising effect is, and for a position area with high noise degree, namely a filter window, the influence of the neighborhood around a noise point is required to be large, and the weight of a non-central pixel point is required to be large, so that the noise point is removed to a large extent; for a filtering window with small noise level, the influence of the neighborhood around the noise point needs to be relatively weak, and the weight of the non-central pixel point needs to be relatively small.
Specifically, by the firstBy taking a filter window as an example, obtain the/>Adjustment standard deviation/>, of individual filter windowsThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
Wherein, Representing the standard deviation of the original Gaussian filter kernel, the present example sets/>，/>Represents the/>Noise level of the individual filter windows.
Further, the standard deviation of the Gaussian filter kernel in the Gaussian filter process is replaced by the adjustment standard deviation, namely the standard deviation of the Gaussian filter kernel at the center point of each filter window is replaced by the adjustment standard deviation of the filter window, the rest steps are not changed, and Gaussian filter processing is carried out on the water supply and drainage design gray map to obtain the denoised water supply and drainage design gray map.
Thus, the digital enhancement of the water supply and drainage design drawing is completed.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The digital enhancement method of the water supply and drainage design drawing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting a water supply and drainage design drawing, and obtaining a water supply and drainage design edge drawing;
acquiring a plurality of filter windows in a water supply and drainage design edge graph, and acquiring a plurality of fitting line segments of each filter window;
Acquiring a line segment interval set of each filter window, classifying the same number in the line segment interval set into one type to obtain a plurality of interval types, acquiring the linear edge continuity degree of each filter window according to the number and the number distribution of the plurality of interval types of each filter window, acquiring the linear line segment fixed included angle of a water supply and drainage design drawing as a standard included angle, acquiring the line segment included angle of each filter window, and acquiring the noise degree of each filter window according to the difference between the linear edge continuity degree of each filter window and the line segment included angle and the standard included angle of each filter window;
And obtaining an adjustment standard deviation of each filter window by utilizing the noise degree of each filter window, denoising the water supply and drainage design drawing by utilizing a Gaussian filter algorithm according to the adjustment standard deviation, and finishing the digital enhancement of the water supply and drainage design drawing.
2. The digitized enhancement method of water supply and drainage design drawing of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the line segment interval set of each filter window comprises the following specific steps:
Recording any filter window as an attention window, and acquiring a fitting straight line pair of the attention window;
recording any fitting line segment group in the attention window as an attention line segment group, recording any fitting line segment in the attention line segment group as an attention line segment, sequentially recording two endpoints of the attention line segment as an attention first endpoint and an attention second endpoint, recording any fitting line segment except the attention line segment in the attention line segment group as a comparison line segment, sequentially recording two endpoints of the comparison line segment as a comparison first endpoint and a comparison second endpoint, acquiring Euclidean distances of any two points in the attention first endpoint, the attention second endpoint, the comparison first endpoint and the comparison second endpoint, and recording the minimum value of the Euclidean distances as the interval between the attention line segment and the comparison line segment;
the interval between any two fitting line segments in the line segment group of interest is obtained, an interval sequence is formed according to the sequence from small interval to large interval, and the number of fitting line segments in the line segment group of interest is obtained Acquisition of Pre/>, in Interval sequenceAnd the intervals are recorded as line interval of the line segment group of interest, and all line segment intervals of all fitting line segment groups in the interest window form a line segment interval set of the interest window.
3. The digitized enhancement method of water supply and drainage design drawings according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the fitting straight line pair of the attention window comprises the following specific steps:
acquiring the slope of each fitting line segment in each filtering window;
Recording any filter window as a concerned window, setting a deviation threshold value The absolute value of the difference value of the slopes of any two fitting line segments in the concerned window is obtained and marked as the slope difference, two fitting line segments with the slope difference smaller than the deviation threshold value are obtained and marked as fitting line segment pairs, all fitting line segment pairs are combined into a plurality of fitting line segment groups, and any two fitting line segments in each fitting line segment group are fitting line segment pairs.
4. The digitized enhancement method of water supply and drainage design drawing of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the linear edge continuity of each filter window according to the numerical value and the number distribution of a plurality of interval categories of each filter window comprises the following specific steps:
Wherein, Represents the/>Linear edge continuity of the individual filter windows,/>Represents the/>First/>, of the filter windowLine segment intervals of interval class,/>Represents the/>First/>, of the filter windowThe number of intervals of the interval category.
5. The digitized enhancement method of water supply and drainage design drawings according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of obtaining the line segment included angle of each filter window are as follows:
And obtaining the smallest angle in two included angle values of the straight line where any two fitting line segments are positioned in each filter window to form an included angle set of each filter window, and recording the average value of the obtained included angle set as the line segment included angle of each filter window.
6. The method for digitally enhancing water supply and drainage design drawings according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the noise level of each filter window according to the difference between the linear edge continuity level of each filter window and the line segment included angle and the standard included angle of each filter window comprises the following specific steps:
Wherein, Represents the/>Noise level of each filter window,/>Represents the/>Included angle of line segment of each filter window,/>Represents the/>Linear edge continuity of the individual filter windows,/>Representing a standard included angle,/>The representation takes absolute value.
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