CN118217001A - Electrical signal processing apparatus and system - Google Patents
Electrical signal processing apparatus and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN118217001A CN118217001A CN202410396361.6A CN202410396361A CN118217001A CN 118217001 A CN118217001 A CN 118217001A CN 202410396361 A CN202410396361 A CN 202410396361A CN 118217001 A CN118217001 A CN 118217001A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an electric signal processing device and an electric signal processing system, and relates to the technical field of medical appliances. The electric signal processing apparatus includes: the at least one signal transmission component is configured to acquire an electroencephalogram signal of the detection area of the head; the energy output unit is configured to output energy to be output through the signal transmission part; the signal processing unit is configured to determine a target area and energy information to be output according to the electroencephalogram signals, and control the energy output unit to output the energy to be output to the target area according to the energy information to be output so as to ablate lesion cells in the target area. The embodiment of the application realizes the connection of the acquisition detection of the brain electrical signals and the energy output, can treat the lesion area of a patient in time, greatly shortens the overall treatment time, does not need craniotomy, avoids the problems of brain function injury caused by craniotomy and relatively large risk of craniotomy, and improves the treatment safety.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an electric signal processing device and an electric signal processing system.
Background
Intracranial tissue organs including meningeal blood vessels, brain, cerebellum, brain stem, cranial nerves, etc., the brain architecture is directly or indirectly under the regulatory control of the nervous system, which is bulky and complex. Brain diseases are a series of lesions caused by intracranial tissues and organs, and the conditions are different, and some of the brain diseases are even life-threatening. The diagnosis of brain diseases is carried out by checking related brain projects, a doctor carries out diagnosis according to the checking result, and then adopts a mode of drug treatment or operation treatment, so that the detection and the treatment are separated, and the problems of untimely treatment or prolonged treatment period and the like are easily caused.
Most drugs often require surgical treatment if not ideal, for example: epilepsy. However, for some diseased areas located in the brain function area, deep brain area, the trauma and risk of craniotomy excision are relatively large and there is a risk of potentially causing neurological impairment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides an electric signal processing device and an electric signal processing system, which are used for solving the technical problems of untimely treatment or prolonged treatment period, and relatively large craniotomy wound and risk caused by separate detection and treatment in the prior art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical signal processing apparatus, including:
at least one signal transmission part arranged on the head of the target object in a predetermined manner, configured to acquire an electroencephalogram signal of a detection area of the head;
An energy output unit electrically connected to the at least one signal transmission member, configured to output energy to be output through the signal transmission member;
The signal processing unit is electrically connected with the at least one signal transmission component and is configured to determine a target area and energy information to be output according to the electroencephalogram signals, and control the energy output unit to output the energy to be output to the target area according to the energy information to be output so as to ablate lesion cells in the target area; the energy information to be output comprises the energy form and the parameter information corresponding to the energy form.
In one possible implementation, the energy form includes at least one of: irreversible electroporation, laser, radio frequency, microwave, electroporation, freezing.
In one possible implementation, the energy form is irreversible electroporation, and the waveform form of the irreversible electroporation includes at least one of: unipolar pulses, bipolar combined pulse trains, unipolar combined pulses, bipolar combined pulses;
wherein, the unipolar pulse is a pulse signal with single pulse width of one polarity;
the bipolar pulse is a pulse signal with single pulse width of two polarities;
The bipolar combined pulse train comprises at least two first bipolar pulse trains with different pulse widths, each first bipolar pulse train comprises at least two first bipolar pulse signals, and the first bipolar pulse signals comprise a first polarity pulse signal and a second polarity pulse signal;
The unipolar combined pulse comprises at least two unipolar pulse trains, each unipolar pulse train comprising at least two pulses of unipolar and different pulse widths;
The bipolar combined pulse comprises at least one second bipolar pulse train comprising at least two first polarity pulse signals of different pulse widths and at least two second polarity pulse signals of different pulse widths.
In one possible implementation, the parameter information includes pulse width and amplitude; the pulse width ranges from greater than 0 milliseconds to no greater than 1000 milliseconds and the amplitude ranges from greater than 0 volts to no greater than 20000 volts.
In one possible implementation, the parameter information includes an inter-pulse delay or an inter-burst delay; the inter-pulse delay is the time interval between adjacent pulses, the inter-pulse train delay is the time interval between adjacent pulse trains, and the pulse trains comprise at least two pulse signals;
the inter-pulse delay ranges from not less than 1 microsecond to not more than 1 millisecond and the inter-burst delay ranges from not less than 100 microseconds to not more than 300 milliseconds.
In one possible implementation, the signal processing unit is further configured to determine location information and size information of the target area according to the electroencephalogram signal, determine energy information to be output according to the size information of the target area, and output the energy to be output to the target area according to the location information of the target area.
In one possible implementation, the signal processing unit is further configured to, after controlling the energy output unit to output the energy to be output to the target area, continue to acquire the brain electrical signal of the detection area, and if it is determined from the brain electrical signal that the diseased cells of the detection area have been ablated, control the energy output unit to stop outputting the energy.
In one possible implementation, the signal processing unit is further configured to control the energy output unit to stop outputting energy in response to a stop operation for the energy output unit.
In one possible implementation, the signal transmission component comprises an electrode pin, the electrode pin comprises at least two electrode contacts which are arranged at intervals, an insulating structure is arranged between the electrode contacts, and each electrode contact is connected with the energy output unit and the signal processing unit through connecting wires;
Each electrode contact is configured to sense an electroencephalogram signal and/or output energy to be output.
In one possible implementation, the electrode needle further comprises: an outer tube;
Each electrode contact is arranged on the outer tube;
The outer tube is also provided with at least one temperature measuring element, each temperature measuring element corresponds to one electrode contact, and the temperature measuring element is used for acquiring temperature information of the corresponding electrode contact and sending the temperature information to the signal processing unit.
In one possible implementation, the electrode needle further comprises at least one circulation channel for the entry and exit of a cooling fluid, the circulation channel being located within the outer tube;
the circulation channel comprises a first circulation part and a second circulation part;
The first end of the first circulation part and the first end of the second circulation part extend towards the end, provided with the electrode contact, of the outer tube, and the first end of the first circulation part and the first end of the second circulation part are communicated at the position close to the end, provided with the electrode contact, of the outer tube;
the second end of the first circulation portion and the second end of the second circulation portion are each adapted to communicate with a cooling device containing a cooling fluid.
In one possible implementation, the signal processing unit is further configured to control the output of the energy to be output according to the respective temperature information, so that the temperature of the respective electrode contacts is controlled within a predetermined temperature range.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical signal processing system, including the electrical signal processing apparatus of the first aspect.
In one possible implementation, the electrical signal processing system further comprises: a cooling device;
the cooling device is communicated with each signal transmission component;
The cooling device is configured to circulate a cooling liquid in the cooling device inside the signal transmission members under the control of the signal processing unit to cool each of the signal transmission members.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial technical effects that:
The electrical signal processing device provided by the embodiment of the application can analyze the electroencephalogram signals acquired by the signal transmission components through the signal processing unit, determine the target area and the energy information to be output, and control the energy output unit to output the energy to be output to the target area through the plurality of signal transmission components according to the energy information to be output so as to realize the ablation of lesion cells in the target area. Therefore, the electrical signal processing equipment provided by the embodiment of the application can link the acquisition detection and the energy output of the brain electrical signal, so that the detection and the treatment are not needed to be carried out separately, the pathological change area of a patient can be treated in time, the treatment period is shortened, and the whole treatment time is greatly shortened.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the application adopts the signal transmission component to collect the brain electrical signals and output the energy to be output, and analyzes the brain electrical signals through the signal processing unit to determine the target area and the energy information to be output, so that the diagnosis and treatment device can be combined, the operation process is simpler, craniotomy is not needed, the problems of brain function damage caused by craniotomy and relatively large risk of craniotomy are avoided, and the treatment safety is improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical signal processing device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a unipolar pulse according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar pulse according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar combined pulse train according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a unipolar combined pulse according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar combined pulse according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode needle according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another electrode needle according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical signal processing system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the drawings:
1-an electrical signal processing system;
10-an electrical signal processing device;
101-signal transmission component, 111-electrode needle, 1111-outer tube, 1112-core rod, 1113-temperature measuring element, 1114-circulation channel, 1141-first circulation part, 1142-second circulation part, 1115-electrode contact;
102-an energy output unit;
103-a signal processing unit;
20-cooling device.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in detail below, examples of embodiments of the application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. Further, if detailed description of the known technology is not necessary for the illustrated features of the present application, it will be omitted. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the application.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs unless defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise, as understood by those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. The term "and/or" as used herein includes all or any element and all combination of one or more of the associated listed items.
It has been found that epilepsy is the second most common disease of the neurology department, which is the next to headache, due to brain dysfunction caused by repeated abnormal synchronous discharge of brain neurons, which can cause convulsions or spasms, confusion, and sometimes even loss of consciousness. In China, the prevalence rate of epilepsy is 0.4-0.7%. Although about 2/3 of patients can effectively control seizures by reasonable administration of antiepileptic drugs, 1/3 of patients have poor drug control effects. Most drug-refractory epileptic patients are of focal origin, wherein the epileptogenic zone (epileptogenic zone, EZ) can be located by comprehensive preoperative evaluation of some patients, and the patients are expected to be cured by surgical excision. However, for some epileptogenic foci located in brain functional areas and deep brain areas, the trauma and risk of craniotomy excision are relatively large, and there is a risk of potentially causing neurological impairment.
The application provides an electric signal processing device and an electric signal processing system, which aim to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The following describes the technical scheme of the present application and how the technical scheme of the present application solves the above technical problems in detail with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments may be referred to, or combined with each other, and the description will not be repeated for the same terms, similar features, similar implementation steps, and the like in different embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application shows an electrical signal processing apparatus 10, comprising: at least one signal transmission part 101, an energy output unit 102, and a signal processing unit 103.
At least one signal transmission part 101 is arranged on the head of the target object in a predetermined manner, each signal transmission part 101 being configured to acquire an electroencephalogram signal of a detection area of the head.
Wherein the target object is a patient, the selection of the number of signal transmission parts 101 may be set according to the condition in which the disease is actually detected. The signal transmission member 101 may be pre-selected in its placement position and then inserted into the patient's head to record the brain electrical signals.
The energy output unit 102 is electrically connected to the at least one signal transmission member 101, the energy output unit 102 being configured to output energy to be output through the signal transmission member 101.
Specifically, the energy output unit 102 is configured to generate energy to be output under the control of the signal processing unit 103, and the plurality of signal transmission components 101 may be used as signal acquisition or energy output, and may be a part of the signal transmission components 101 are used for acquiring brain electrical signals, a part of the signal transmission components 101 are used for energy output, and a part of the signal transmission components 101 are used for acquiring brain electrical signals and outputting energy. The signal transmission member 101 may be an implanted electrode and the use of the signal transmission member 101 may be selected according to different detection areas and different lesion areas.
The signal processing unit 103 is electrically connected with the at least one signal transmission component 101, and the signal processing unit 103 is configured to determine a target area and energy information to be output according to the electroencephalogram signal, and control the energy output unit 102 to output the energy to be output to the target area according to the energy information to be output so as to ablate lesion cells in the target area; the energy information to be output comprises the energy form and the parameter information corresponding to the energy form.
Specifically, the target area is a lesion area including lesion cells, which may be tumor cells. The signal transmission component 101 outputs energy to be output to the target area, the energy form can be determined according to the related biological information of the lesion area, and the energy output unit 102 generates the energy to be output based on the parameter information corresponding to the energy form, so as to ablate the lesion cells of the target area to achieve the treatment effect.
The electrical signal processing device 10 according to the embodiment of the present application may analyze the electroencephalogram signal acquired by the signal transmission component 101 through the signal processing unit 103, determine the target area and the energy information to be output, and control the energy output unit 102 to output the energy to be output to the target area through the plurality of signal transmission components 101 according to the energy information to be output, so as to implement ablation of the lesion cells in the target area. Therefore, the electrical signal processing device 10 of the embodiment of the application can connect the acquisition and detection of the brain electrical signal and the energy output, so that the detection and the treatment are not needed to be carried out separately, the lesion area of the patient can be processed in time, the treatment period is shortened, and the whole treatment time is greatly shortened.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the application adopts the signal transmission component 101 to collect the brain electrical signals and output the energy to be output, and analyzes the brain electrical signals through the signal processing unit 103 to determine the target area and the energy information to be output, so that the diagnosis and treatment devices can be combined, the operation process is simpler, craniotomy is not needed, the problems of brain function damage caused by craniotomy and relatively large risk of craniotomy are avoided, and the treatment safety is improved.
The electrical signal processing device 10 of the embodiment of the application can be applied to the treatment of epilepsy, and the target area is a lesion area comprising an epileptogenic focus.
In some embodiments, the energy form comprises at least one of: irreversible electroporation, laser, radio frequency, microwave, electroporation, freezing.
The laser ablation is a minimally invasive treatment method using laser as an energy source, and uses the laser as the energy source to convert light energy into heat energy by using specific equipment so as to heat local tissues, thereby changing proteins, tumor necrosis and the like.
The radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a common ablation mode for minimally invasive treatment of liver cancer, and has the advantages of convenient operation, short hospitalization time, definite curative effect and good controllability of an ablation range, and is particularly suitable for patients with advanced age, other diseases, severe liver cirrhosis and liver cancer with tumors located in deep or central parts of the liver.
Microwave ablation (MWA) has been widely used in recent years, and the principle is similar to radio frequency ablation, except that the radio frequency application is that electric current is converted into heat energy, while microwaves are in microwave electric field, so that water molecules, protein molecules and the like in tissues are vigorously vibrated, and kinetic energy is converted into heat energy. Eventually, the temperature of the tissue is increased, and the tumor cells undergo coagulative necrosis. The microwave ablation is characterized by high ablation efficiency, short required ablation time and capability of reducing the heat sink effect existing in RFA. The temperature monitoring system is used for helping to regulate and control parameters such as power and the like, determining the effective thermal field range, protecting surrounding tissues of the thermal field from thermal damage, and improving the MWA ablation safety. The radio frequency ablation and the microwave ablation have no obvious difference in the aspects of local curative effect, complication occurrence rate and long-term survival, and can be selected according to the size and the position of the tumor.
Cryoablation achieves therapeutic purposes mainly through cryodestruction, warming destruction, microvascular destruction and immune regulation mechanisms. The advantages of cryoablation are very clear, and in terms of treatment, the tumor can be optimally covered by placing more cryoprobes. Different cryoprobes can also form ice balls with different volumes and different forms, and ablation can be well carried out according to the shape of the tumor.
Electroporation is a biophysical phenomenon in which a cell membrane produces aqueous pathways under the action of intense electrical pulses, and according to this characteristic, exogenous substances (macromolecular DNA, RNA, proteins, etc.) can be introduced into the cell, a process known as "transfection". Furthermore, electroporation can be classified into two types due to the difference in pulse conditions (electric field strength, pulse interval, pulse number, etc.): reversible electroporation (membrane can restore the original state) and irreversible electroporation (cell death), and two electrotherapy methods, namely electrochemical therapy (ECT) and irreversible ablation (IRE), are derived, and play an important role in treating skin tumors and subcutaneous organ tumors (brain, liver and pancreas).
Electrochemical therapy (ECT) is defined as the local application of small electrical pulses to reversibly electroporate cell membranes to increase intracellular uptake of chemotherapeutic agents (i.e., bleomycin or cisplatin). Thus, highly increased local cytotoxicity can be observed.
In particular, irreversible electroporation (IRE) is considered a form of soft tissue ablation that relies on electroporation to disrupt cellular homeostasis in tissue exposed to electrical pulses. The complete destruction of cell homeostasis leads to direct cell death and tissue ablation, is a novel nonthermal ablation method, forms irreversible nanoscale micropores on cell membranes by using a high-voltage pulse electric field, does not damage surrounding important blood vessel or bile duct structures, and has the advantages of less complications, high safety, quick recovery and the like.
Further, irreversible electroporation is the use of the delivery of a series of short electrical pulses to alter the natural transmembrane potential of the cell membrane, the cumulative strength of the pulses being sufficient to cause the formation of unrecoverable nanoscale defects, ultimately leading to cell death/apoptosis. In practice, irreversible electroporation pulses can be used to treat targeted tissue, sometimes of significant volume, without inducing a degree of joule heating that destroys the extracellular matrix (ECM) -i.e., structural proteins such as collagen in a volume of tissue are preserved. Thus, irreversible electroporation is allowed to ablate targeted abnormal masses without damaging adjacent or internal critical structures, as well as to ablate targeted locally in other forms.
In some embodiments, the energy form is irreversible electroporation, and the waveform form of the irreversible electroporation includes at least one of: unipolar pulses, bipolar combined pulse trains, unipolar combined pulses, bipolar combined pulses;
wherein, the unipolar pulse is a pulse signal with single pulse width of one polarity;
the bipolar pulse is a pulse signal with single pulse width of two polarities;
The bipolar combined pulse train comprises at least two first bipolar pulse trains with different pulse widths, each first bipolar pulse train comprises at least two first bipolar pulse signals, and the first bipolar pulse signals comprise a first polarity pulse signal and a second polarity pulse signal;
The unipolar combined pulse comprises at least two unipolar pulse trains, each unipolar pulse train comprising at least two pulses of unipolar and different pulse widths;
The bipolar combined pulse comprises at least one second bipolar pulse train comprising at least two first polarity pulse signals of different pulse widths and at least two second polarity pulse signals of different pulse widths.
As an example, the first polarity is positive and the second polarity is negative and vice versa.
In some embodiments, the parameter information includes pulse width and amplitude; the pulse width ranges from greater than 0 milliseconds to no greater than 1000 milliseconds and the amplitude ranges from greater than 0 volts to no greater than 20000 volts.
In some embodiments, the parameter information includes an inter-pulse delay or an inter-burst delay; the inter-pulse delay is the time interval between adjacent pulses, the inter-pulse train delay is the time interval between adjacent pulse trains, and the pulse trains comprise at least two pulse signals;
the inter-pulse delay ranges from 1 microsecond to 1 millisecond and the inter-burst delay ranges from 100 microseconds to 300 milliseconds.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a unipolar pulse is shown. As shown in fig. 2, the waveform form of irreversible electroporation adopts unipolar pulse, and the parameter information includes:
The value range of the amplitude is 1000V-20000V; the amplitude is 3000V when the microsecond pulse width is provided; the amplitude is 12000V when the nanosecond pulse width is adopted; the delay range between pulses is 100 nanoseconds to 1 millisecond; the nanosecond pulse width is 100ns, and the microsecond pulse width is 100 us; pulse train: 10-200 positive polarities can be selected from 50-100 positive polarities.
Specifically, the amplitude may be 1000V or 20000V, and the value ranges in the embodiments of the present application include endpoint values except 0, and other similar parts will not be described again.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a bipolar pulse is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, the waveform form of irreversible electroporation adopts bipolar pulse and adopts unipolar single pulse width. The parameter information includes:
The value range of the amplitude is 1000V-20000V; the amplitude is 3000V when the microsecond pulse width is provided; the amplitude is 12000V when the nanosecond pulse width is adopted; inter-pulse delay: 100 nanoseconds to 1 millisecond; pulse width: nanosecond level, 100ns level is selected; microsecond level, 100us level is selected; pulse train: a positive and a negative are alternately arranged, 10-100 positive polarities are selected, and 10-50 positive polarities are selected.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a bipolar combined pulse train is shown. As shown in fig. 4, the waveform form of irreversible electroporation is a bipolar combined pulse train, and the parameter information includes:
The value range of the amplitude value 1: 1000V-3000V; the value range of the amplitude value 2: 1000-20000V, which can be 6000-8000V;
value range of the inter-pulse delay 1: 100 nanoseconds to 1 millisecond; value range of the inter-pulse delay 2: 1 microsecond to 1 millisecond; value range of inter-burst delay: 100 microseconds to hundreds of milliseconds;
pulse width 1: nanosecond level, 100ns level; pulse width 2: microsecond level, 100us level;
Burst 1: a positive and a negative alternating, 10-100 positive polarities can be selected from 10-50 positive polarities; burst 2: a positive and a negative are alternately arranged, and 10-200 positive polarities can be selected from 50-100 positive polarities.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of a unipolar combined pulse is shown. As shown in fig. 5, the waveform form of irreversible electroporation adopts unipolar combined pulse, and the parameter information includes:
The value range of the amplitude value 1: 1000V-3000V; the value range of the amplitude value 2: 1000-20000V;
pulse width 1: nanosecond level, 100ns level; pulse width 2: microsecond level, 100us level;
value range of the inter-pulse delay: 100 microseconds to hundreds of milliseconds;
unipolar: 10-200 positive polarities can be selected from 50-100 positive polarities.
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a bipolar combined pulse is shown. As shown in fig. 6, the waveform form of irreversible electroporation adopts bipolar combined pulse, and the parameter information includes:
amplitude 1: 1000V-3000V; amplitude 2:1000-20000V;
pulse width 1: nanosecond level, 100ns level; pulse width 2: microsecond level, 100us level;
value range of the inter-pulse delay: 100 microseconds to hundreds of milliseconds.
In some embodiments, the signal processing unit 103 is further configured to determine position information and size information of the target region from the electroencephalogram signal, determine energy information to be output from the size information of the target region, and output the energy to be output to the target region from the position information of the target region.
Optionally, the signal processing unit 103 processes and analyzes the electroencephalogram signal output by the signal transmission component 101 to identify focus-related biological information, where the focus-related biological information includes: location information and size information of the target area. The signal processing unit 103 determines energy information to be output to be ablated based on the size information of the target area, and determines parameter information of the energy output unit 102 according to the energy information to be output to be ablated, so as to ablate the focus part and achieve the aim of treatment.
In some embodiments, the signal processing unit 103 is further configured to, after controlling the energy output unit 102 to output the energy to be output to the target region, continue to acquire the brain electrical signal of the detection region, and if it is determined from the brain electrical signal that the diseased cells of the detection region have been ablated, control the energy output unit 102 to stop outputting the energy.
Alternatively, after outputting the energy to be output to the target area, the signal processing unit 103 may further determine the state of the detection area according to the electroencephalogram signal acquired by the signal transmission component 101, and in the case that it is determined that the diseased cells have been ablated, the ablation effect has been achieved, and control the electrical signal processing apparatus 10 to stop working.
In some embodiments, the signal processing unit 103 is further configured to control the energy output unit 102 to stop outputting energy in response to a stop operation for the energy output unit 102.
Alternatively, after outputting the energy to be output to the target area, it may be manually determined whether the lesion cells have been ablated, and in the case where it is determined that the lesion cells have been ablated, the energy output unit 102 may be manually controlled to stop outputting the energy by pressing a control button or pressing a stop control on the display interface, or the like. Meanwhile, the energy output unit 102 may also be manually controlled to stop outputting energy in case of an abnormality or other emergency of the patient.
Alternatively, determining that the patient is abnormal may be performed by examining physiological data, such as: heart rate, general oxygen saturation, blood pressure, or other vital signs.
Referring to fig. 7, a schematic structural view of an electrode needle is shown. As shown in fig. 7, the signal transmission part 101 includes an electrode pin 111, the electrode pin 111 includes at least two electrode contacts 1115 arranged at intervals, an insulating structure is provided between each electrode contact 1115, and each electrode contact 1115 is connected with the energy output unit 102 and the signal processing unit 103 through connecting wires;
each electrode contact 1115 is configured to sense an electroencephalogram signal and/or output energy to be output.
Optionally, an insulating structure is disposed between the spaced electrode contacts 1115, where the insulating structure includes an insulating material, and the insulating material may be Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) that can resist voltages above 10000V; the electrode contacts 1115 may be used to both sense brain electrical signals and to apply energy to be output. Meanwhile, the electrode contacts 1115 sensing the brain electrical signals and the electrode contacts 1115 for treatment may exist separately, including being spaced apart or regularly distributed on the electrode needle 111.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 7, a plurality of electrode contacts 1115 are axially spaced along the electrode needle 111, two electrode contacts 1115 are schematically identified in the figure, and the number of electrode contacts 1115 may be 18, 12, 6, etc. according to practical applications.
Alternatively, the electrode needle 111 delivers the energy to be delivered to the target area, and the energy may be delivered through a single electrode needle 111, or may be ablated by combining multiple electrode needles 111 to form a covering target area.
As an example, the electrode needle 111 may be SEEG (Stereoelectroencephalography, stereo electroencephalogram) electrode, SEEG is an invasive epileptic diagnosis and treatment technique, and the brain discharge condition of epileptic patients is studied by placing an electrode with a diameter of 0.8mm into the brain through a stereotactic technique without craniotomy. SEEG is not only used for the localization diagnosis of epileptic seizures, but also provides a new treatment method for epileptic surgical treatment, namely thermal coagulation treatment, which is difficult to realize by the subdural electrode. SEEG after the monitoring and recording of the attack, the radio frequency heat coagulation generator is connected with the corresponding target electrode contact, so that the heat coagulation treatment can be implemented beside the bed without anesthesia.
In practice, about 10-15 electrode needles 111 will be placed in the brain. These electrode needles 111 are like thin and soft wires, and the electrode needles 111 are placed in the brain region where seizures may start as detection regions. For insertion of each electrode needle 111, a small incision may be made in the skin and a small hole may be made in the bone just as large as the electrode needle 111. Each electrode needle 111 is fixed by a bolt fixed to the bone.
Referring to fig. 8, another schematic view of the structure of the electrode needle is shown. As shown in fig. 8, the electrode needle 111 further includes: an outer tube 1111;
Each electrode contact 1115 is arranged on the outer tube 1111;
The outer tube 1111 is further provided with at least one temperature measuring element 1113, each temperature measuring element 1113 corresponds to one electrode contact 1115, and the temperature measuring element 1113 is configured to obtain temperature information of the corresponding electrode contact 1115, and send the temperature information to the signal processing unit 103.
Optionally, each temperature measuring element 1113 corresponds to an electrode contact 1115 one by one, and each temperature measuring element 1113 obtains temperature information of one electrode contact 1115.
Alternatively, the temperature measuring element 1113 may be a temperature sensor.
Referring to fig. 8, the electrode needle 111 further includes a mandrel 1112 disposed in the outer tube 1111, and the mandrel 1112 may provide a certain hardness to the entire electrode needle 111. If the material of the electrode needle 111 itself has sufficient hardness, the mandrel 1112 may not be provided.
Referring to fig. 8, the electrode needle 111 further includes at least one circulation passage 1114 for the inflow and outflow of a cooling fluid, the circulation passage 1114 being located within the outer tube 1111;
the circulation passage 1114 includes a first circulation portion 1141 and a second circulation portion 1142;
the first end of the first circulation portion 1141 and the first end of the second circulation portion 1142 each extend toward the end of the outer tube 1111 provided with the electrode contact 1115, and the first end of the first circulation portion 1141 and the first end of the second circulation portion 1142 communicate at the end of the outer tube 1111 provided with the electrode contact 1115;
as shown in connection with fig. 8 and 9, the second end of the first circulation portion 1141 and the second end of the second circulation portion 1142 are both adapted to communicate with the cooling device 20 containing the cooling liquid.
Referring to fig. 8, each of the temperature measuring elements 1113 is disposed near the corresponding electrode contact 1115, the circulation channel 1114 is disposed in the space between the outer tube 1111 and the mandrel 1112, and the circulation channels 1114 may be two and disposed on both sides of the mandrel 1112, respectively, and the first circulation portion 1141 and the second circulation portion 1142 of each circulation channel 1114 are disposed on the same side of the mandrel 1112.
In some embodiments, the signal processing unit 103 is further configured to control the output of the energy to be output according to the respective temperature information, so that the temperature of the respective electrode contacts 1115 is controlled within a predetermined temperature range.
Alternatively, the predetermined temperature range may be around 37 ℃, for example: 35.5-38.5 ℃.
The signal processing unit 103 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit ), a general purpose Processor, a DSP (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processor, data signal Processor), an ASIC (Application SPECIFIC INTEGRATED Circuit), an FPGA (Field-Programmable gate array) or other Programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. Which may implement or perform the various exemplary logic blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with this disclosure. The signal processing unit 103 may also be a combination implementing a computing function, e.g. comprising one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.
As an example, when the energy is in the form of radio frequency or irreversible electroporation or other energy, the temperature measuring element 1113 may feed back the temperature of the electrode contact 1115 to the signal processing unit 103, the signal processing unit 103 may control the output of the energy, and the electrode needle 111 may be connected to the cooling device 20, and the electrode needle 111 is cooled by providing a circulation channel 1114 within the outer tube 1111.
Alternatively, where the energy form is microwave or irreversible electroporation or other energy forms, the signal processing unit 103 may adjust the temperature of the electrode contacts 1115 based on an energy output algorithm, and the energy output may be in an incremental-steady-decremental form, achieving a temperature within a controllable range.
The working process of the electric signal processing device 10 according to the embodiment of the present application includes:
step one: an electroencephalogram signal is sensed by using the electrode needle 111, and the electroencephalogram signal is actively acquired;
Step two: the signal processing unit 103 processes and analyzes the electroencephalogram signals, and determines information of a target area, including position information, size information, biological information, and the like;
step three: and confirming the energy information to be output, including pulse width, amplitude, frequency and the like, which needs to be treated according to the information of the target area.
Step four: the signal processing unit 103 controls the energy output unit 102 to output energy, which is transmitted to the target area through the electrode needle 111, in the form of irreversible electroporation, laser, radio frequency, microwave, electroporation, freezing, etc
Step five: and judging whether the lesion cells are ablated or not through an electroencephalogram signal or artificial experience, and controlling the energy output unit 102 to stop outputting energy when the lesion cells are determined to be ablated.
The electrical signal processing device 10 of the embodiment of the application can solve the structural design of separating diagnosis and treatment by combining the deep brain detection technology with the pulsed electric field treatment technology, so that the operation process is simpler, epilepsy and brain tumor can be treated by the pulsed electric field, the thermal effect can not be generated, and the influence on the brain is minimized.
Meanwhile, the electrical signal processing equipment 10 of the embodiment of the application can ablate epileptic lesions by using a pulse electric field technology, and can treat epileptic lesions by combining SEEG click signal acquisition technology and pulse electric field ablation technology, and can perform energy output based on SEEG electrode design and cross combination when the electrodes apply energy; the SEEG electrodes can collect the brain electrical signals first, and then the signal processing unit 103 analyzes the energy to be applied, so as to set the parameter information of the applied energy for treatment.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical signal processing system including the electrical signal processing apparatus 10 of the embodiment of the present application.
The electrical signal processing system of the embodiment of the application can analyze the electroencephalogram signal acquired by the signal transmission component 101 through the signal processing unit 103, determine the target area and the energy information to be output, and control the energy output unit 102 to output the energy to be output to the target area through the plurality of signal transmission components 101 according to the energy information to be output so as to realize the ablation of the lesion cells of the target area. Therefore, the electrical signal processing device 10 of the embodiment of the application can connect the acquisition and detection of the brain electrical signal and the energy output, so that the detection and the treatment are not needed to be carried out separately, the lesion area of the patient can be processed in time, the treatment period is shortened, and the whole treatment time is greatly shortened.
Meanwhile, the electrical signal processing system of the embodiment of the application adopts the signal transmission component 101 to collect the brain electrical signal and output the energy to be output, and uses the signal processing unit 103 to analyze the brain electrical signal, so as to determine the target area and the energy information to be output, thereby combining the diagnosis and treatment devices, simplifying the operation process, avoiding the problems of brain function damage and relatively large risk of craniotomy caused by craniotomy, and improving the treatment safety.
Referring to fig. 9, a schematic diagram of an electrical signal processing system is shown. The electrical signal processing system 1 further includes: a cooling device 20;
the cooling device 20 is communicated with each signal transmission part 101;
The cooling device 20 is configured to circulate the cooling liquid in the cooling device 20 inside the signal transmission members 101 under the control of the signal processing unit 103 to cool each of the signal transmission members 101.
Specifically, the cooling device 20 is in communication with the second end of the first circulation portion 1141 and the second end of the second circulation portion 1142 of the circulation channel 1114, and the cooling device 20 is configured to flow the cooling liquid in from the second end of the first circulation portion 1141 and out from the second end of the second circulation portion 1142.
Optionally, the electrical signal processing system 1 further includes a physiological detection device, the signal processing unit 103 is electrically connected to the physiological detection device, and the signal processing unit 103 is configured to acquire physiological data of the physiological detection device.
In particular, examples of physiological detection devices include, but are not limited to, heart rate monitors, electrocardiogram (EKG) measurement devices, oximeters, combined heart rate and oximeter devices such as pulse oximeters, body temperature sensors, blood pressure measurement devices, neuronal activity measurement devices, and the like.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps in the flow, acts, schemes, and alternatives discussed in the present application may be alternated, altered, combined, or eliminated. Further, other steps, means, or steps in a process having various operations, methods, or procedures discussed herein may be alternated, altered, rearranged, disassembled, combined, or eliminated. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the prior art with various operations, methods, flows disclosed in the present application may also be alternated, altered, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present specification, a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited in order and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts of the figures may include a plurality of sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, the order of their execution not necessarily being sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the other steps or stages.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.
Claims (14)
1. An electrical signal processing apparatus, comprising:
at least one signal transmission part arranged on a head of a target object in a predetermined manner, configured to acquire an electroencephalogram signal of a detection area of the head;
An energy output unit electrically connected to at least one of the signal transmission parts and configured to output energy to be output through the signal transmission part;
The signal processing unit is electrically connected with at least one signal transmission component and is configured to determine a target area and energy information to be output according to the electroencephalogram signals, and control the energy output unit to output energy to be output to the target area according to the energy information to be output so as to ablate lesion cells in the target area; the energy information to be output comprises energy forms and parameter information corresponding to the energy forms.
2. The electrical signal processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy form comprises at least one of: irreversible electroporation, laser, radio frequency, microwave, electroporation, freezing.
3. The electrical signal processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy form is irreversible electroporation, and wherein the waveform form of the irreversible electroporation comprises at least one of: unipolar pulses, bipolar combined pulse trains, unipolar combined pulses, bipolar combined pulses;
wherein the unipolar pulse is a pulse signal of a single pulse width of one polarity;
The bipolar pulse is a pulse signal with single pulse width of two polarities;
The bipolar combined pulse train comprises at least two first bipolar pulse trains with different pulse widths, each first bipolar pulse train comprises at least two first bipolar pulse signals, and each first bipolar pulse signal comprises a first polarity pulse signal and a second polarity pulse signal;
The unipolar combined pulse comprises at least two unipolar pulse trains, each unipolar pulse train comprising at least two pulses of unipolar and different pulse widths;
the bipolar combined pulse comprises at least one second bipolar pulse train comprising at least two first polarity pulse signals of different pulse widths and at least two second polarity pulse signals of different pulse widths.
4. An electrical signal processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the parameter information includes pulse width and amplitude; the pulse width ranges from greater than 0 milliseconds to no greater than 1000 milliseconds and the amplitude ranges from greater than 0 volts to no greater than 20000 volts.
5. An electrical signal processing device according to claim 3, wherein the parameter information comprises an inter-pulse delay or an inter-burst delay; the inter-pulse delay is a time interval between adjacent pulses, the inter-pulse train delay is a time interval between adjacent pulse trains, and the pulse trains comprise at least two pulse signals;
the inter-pulse delay ranges from not less than 1 microsecond to not more than 1 millisecond and the inter-burst delay ranges from not less than 100 microseconds to not more than 300 milliseconds.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit is further configured to determine position information and size information of a target area from the electroencephalogram signal, determine the energy information to be output from the size information of the target area, and output the energy to be output to the target area from the position information of the target area.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit is further configured to continue acquiring an electroencephalogram signal of the detection area after controlling the energy output unit to output the energy to be output to the target area, and to control the energy output unit to stop outputting energy if it is determined from the electroencephalogram signal that a diseased cell of the detection area has ablated.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit is further configured to control the energy output unit to stop outputting energy in response to a stop operation for the energy output unit.
9. The electrical signal processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal transmission member comprises an electrode pin comprising at least two electrode contacts arranged at intervals, an insulating structure being provided between each of the electrode contacts, each of the electrode contacts being connected to the energy output unit and the signal processing unit by connecting wires;
Each of the electrode contacts is configured to sense the brain electrical signal and/or output the energy to be output.
10. The electrical signal processing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the electrode pin further comprises: an outer tube;
Each electrode contact is arranged on the outer tube;
the outer tube is also provided with at least one temperature measuring element, each temperature measuring element corresponds to one electrode contact, and the temperature measuring element is used for acquiring temperature information of the corresponding electrode contact and sending the temperature information to the signal processing unit.
11. The electrical signal processing apparatus of claim 10, wherein the electrode needle further comprises at least one circulation channel for the ingress and egress of a cooling fluid, the circulation channel being located within the outer tube;
The circulation channel comprises a first circulation part and a second circulation part;
The first end of the first circulation part and the first end of the second circulation part extend towards the end of the outer tube provided with the electrode contact, and the first end of the first circulation part and the first end of the second circulation part are communicated at the position close to the end of the outer tube provided with the electrode contact;
The second end of the first circulation portion and the second end of the second circulation portion are each adapted to communicate with a cooling device containing the cooling liquid.
12. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the signal processing unit is further configured to control the output of the energy to be output in accordance with each of the temperature information so that the temperature of each of the electrode contacts is controlled within a predetermined temperature range.
13. An electrical signal processing system comprising an electrical signal processing device according to any of claims 1-12.
14. The electrical signal processing system of claim 13, further comprising: a cooling device;
the cooling device is communicated with each signal transmission component;
The cooling device is configured to circulate a cooling liquid in the cooling device inside the signal transmission members under the control of the signal processing unit to cool each of the signal transmission members.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410396361.6A CN118217001A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Electrical signal processing apparatus and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410396361.6A CN118217001A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Electrical signal processing apparatus and system |
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| CN118217001A true CN118217001A (en) | 2024-06-21 |
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| CN202410396361.6A Pending CN118217001A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Electrical signal processing apparatus and system |
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| CN (1) | CN118217001A (en) |
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