CN118216606A - Collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118216606A CN118216606A CN202410657945.4A CN202410657945A CN118216606A CN 118216606 A CN118216606 A CN 118216606A CN 202410657945 A CN202410657945 A CN 202410657945A CN 118216606 A CN118216606 A CN 118216606A
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- collagen peptide
- royal jelly
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/30—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis
- A23J3/32—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents
- A23J3/34—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents using enzymes
- A23J3/341—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents using enzymes of animal proteins
- A23J3/342—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents using enzymes of animal proteins of collagen; of gelatin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/10—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from hair, feathers, horn, skins, leather, bones, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/30—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis
- A23J3/32—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents
- A23J3/34—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs by hydrolysis using chemical agents using enzymes
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Abstract
The invention provides a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of protein peptides. Extracting protein from Lac Regis Apis, degreasing Corii Sus Domestica and cod skin, mixing with ultrahigh pressure for enzymolysis, and filtering to obtain Lac Regis Apis/Corii Sus Domestica/cod skin collagen peptide; extracting polysaccharide from Ginseng radix, radix astragali and radix Angelicae sinensis, fermenting the above two solid materials, filtering to obtain fermented extract, purifying to obtain collagen peptide/active substance mixture, mixing with polysaccharide, and chelating with copper ion and zinc ion to obtain collagen peptide composition based on Lac Regis Apis. The collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly has the advantages of better effects of resisting oxidation, resisting aging, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood pressure, resisting tumor, regulating immunity, resisting fatigue and the like, and has the advantages of simple preparation method, wide raw material sources, low preparation cost, safety, no side effect and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of protein peptides, in particular to a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Royal jelly is also called royal jelly for short, commonly called queen milk, and is a special substance secreted by glands such as hypopharynx gland and palate gland of young people with age of 6-18 d. The royal jelly is milky white or light yellow, semitransparent, slightly viscous, has special fragrance, and has sour, astringent, pungent and slightly sweet taste, and is mainly used as lifelong food of queen bee and 3 days before worker bee larvae. The queen bee and the worker bee develop from the same fertilized egg, and the life of the queen bee eating the royal jelly for life is longer than that of the worker bee by more than 1 mouth, and the queen bee can produce 2000 eggs per day, and the weight of the queen bee is almost similar to the weight of the queen bee. Thus, the royal jelly has a very magic effect.
Royal jelly is one of the most original and best natural nourishment in the world discovered so far, has excellent medical care effect and no side effect, and is a food which is widely accepted in the world and can prolong the life of people. The Lac Regis Apis has effects of regulating immunity, resisting bacteria and inflammation, resisting tumor, regulating blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, and promoting cell growth. In addition, the royal jelly has the functions of prolonging life, reducing blood lipid and blood sugar, improving sleep, improving memory, protecting skin and beautifying, and the like, and is also a precious natural food preferred by people suffering from diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors and the like or middle-aged and elderly people with weak and multiple diseases. Royal jelly has such a wonder and wide physiological activity that is inseparable from many bioactive substances in royal jelly, wherein proteins and peptides accounting for 30% -50% of dry weight of the royal jelly play a very critical role, and research on them has become a hot spot in recent years.
The collagen peptide has good antioxidation effect, but no collagen peptide product with simple preparation method and good physiological activity exists at present. And synthetic antioxidants such as Butyl Hydroxy Anisole (BHA), dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT) and gallic acid have good antioxidant effect, but have certain side effects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly and a preparation method thereof, which have better effects of resisting oxidation, resisting aging, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood pressure, resisting tumor, regulating immunity, resisting fatigue and the like, and the preparation method is simple, wide in raw material source, low in preparation cost, safe, free of side effects and wide in application prospect.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
The invention provides a preparation method of a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly, which comprises the steps of extracting protein in the royal jelly, degreasing pigskin and cod skin, mixing with ultrahigh pressure for auxiliary enzymolysis, and filtering to obtain the collagen peptide of the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin; extracting polysaccharide from Ginseng radix, radix astragali and radix Angelicae sinensis, fermenting the above two solid materials, filtering to obtain fermented extract, purifying to obtain collagen peptide/active substance mixture, mixing with polysaccharide, and chelating with copper ion and zinc ion to obtain collagen peptide composition based on Lac Regis Apis.
As a further improvement of the invention, the method comprises the following steps:
S1, extracting royal jelly protein: adding Lac Regis Apis into water, adjusting pH to 9-10 with food-grade calcium hydroxide, heating, mixing, extracting, adjusting pH to 3.5-4.5, standing, precipitating, centrifuging, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain Lac Regis Apis protein;
S2, treating pigskin/cod skin: removing fat layer from Corii Sus Domestica, removing scale from cod skin, mixing, mincing, soaking in alkali solution, washing, degreasing in petroleum ether, and filtering to obtain Corii Sus Domestica/cod Pi Mei;
s3, ultra-high pressure auxiliary enzymolysis: mixing the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding a compound enzyme into water, loading into an ultrahigh pressure device, performing ultrahigh pressure treatment, heating for enzymolysis, filtering, reserving solids, and freeze-drying filtrate to obtain the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide;
s4, extracting ginseng-astragalus membranaceus-angelica sinensis: cleaning Ginseng radix, radix astragali, and radix Angelicae sinensis respectively, drying, pulverizing, extracting with water under boiling, filtering, and collecting solid; precipitating the filtrate with ethanol, filtering, and collecting polysaccharide solid;
S5, fermenting and extracting: mixing the solid in the step S3 and the solid in the step S4, adding into water, sterilizing, inoculating zymophyte, fermenting, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain a fermented extract;
S6, purifying: mixing Lac Regis Apis/Corii Sus Domestica/cod skin collagen peptide in step S3 and the fermented extract in step S5, adding into water, ultrafiltering, and collecting collagen peptide/active substance mixture with molecular weight of 3K-5 kDa;
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: mixing the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 and the polysaccharide solid in the step S4, adding copper salt and zinc salt, stirring for reaction, dialyzing, and freeze-drying the non-permeate to obtain the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mass ratio of the royal jelly to the water in the step S1 is 1:3-5, the temperature of heating, mixing and extracting is 35-45 ℃, the time is 1-2h, and the time of standing and precipitating is 3-5h.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the pigskin to the cod skin to the alkali liquor is 3-5:2-4:30-50, the alkali liquor is NaOH or KOH with the concentration of 3-5wt%, the soaking time is 0.5-1h, the degreasing temperature is 35-45 ℃ and the degreasing time is 0.5-1h.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step S3, the mass ratio of the royal jelly protein to the pigskin/the codfish Pi Mei to the complex enzyme is 10-12:4-7:2-3, the complex enzyme is at least one selected from neutral protease, alkaline protease, trypsin, pepsin, papain, ficin and bromelain, preferably is a mixture of the neutral protease and the papain, the mass ratio is 3-5:1-2, the condition of the ultrahigh pressure treatment is 300-400MPa, the time is 5-10min, the temperature of the heating enzymolysis is 40-50 ℃ and the time is 4-5h.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step S4, the mass ratio of the ginseng to the astragalus, the angelica and the water is 1-2:3-5:2-4:70-100, the boiling extraction time is 2-4 hours, the ethanol is added until the ethanol content of the system is 70-80wt%, and the precipitation time is 3-5 hours.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mass ratio of the solid in the step S3 to the solid in the step S4 in the step S5 is 15-20:3-5, the fermentation bacteria are lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid, the inoculation amount is 1-2v/v% and 1.5-2.2v/v%, the bacterial content of the strain seed liquid is 10 8-109 cfu/mL, the fermentation condition is that under the anoxic condition, the temperature is 35-38 ℃, the speed is 50-100r/min, and the fermentation culture is carried out for 24-36h.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mass ratio of the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide to the fermented extract in the step S6 is 15-20:3-5; in the step S7, the mass ratio of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture to polysaccharide solid to copper salt to zinc salt is 100:7-10:2-4:3-5, the copper salt is at least one of copper chloride, copper sulfate and copper nitrate, the zinc salt is at least one of zinc chloride, zinc sulfate and zinc nitrate, the temperature of the stirring reaction is 35-40 ℃, the time is 30-50min, the aperture of a dialysis bag for dialysis is 3-5KD, and the dialysis time is 3-5h.
As a further improvement of the invention, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, extracting royal jelly protein: adding 10 parts by weight of royal jelly into 30-50 parts by weight of water, regulating the pH value of the solution to 9-10 by adopting food-grade calcium hydroxide, heating to 35-45 ℃, stirring, mixing and extracting for 1-2h, regulating the pH value of the solution to 3.5-4.5, standing and precipitating for 3-5h, centrifuging, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the royal jelly protein;
S2, treating pigskin/cod skin: removing fat layer from 3-5 weight parts of pigskin, removing scales from 2-4 weight parts of cod skin, mixing, mincing, soaking in 30-50 weight parts of 3-5wt% NaOH or KOH for 0.5-1h, washing, adding petroleum ether, stirring at 35-45deg.C for degreasing for 0.5-1h, and filtering to obtain pigskin/cod Pi Mei;
S3, ultra-high pressure auxiliary enzymolysis: mixing 10-12 parts by weight of the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and 4-7 parts by weight of the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding 100 parts by weight of water, adding 2-3 parts by weight of the complex enzyme, loading into ultrahigh pressure equipment, performing ultrahigh pressure treatment under 300-400MPa for 5-10min, heating to 40-50 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 4-5h, filtering, reserving solids, and freeze-drying filtrate to prepare the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide;
the compound enzyme is a mixture of neutral protease and papain, and the mass ratio is 3-5:1-2;
S4, extracting ginseng-astragalus membranaceus-angelica sinensis: cleaning 1-2 parts by weight of ginseng, 3-5 parts by weight of astragalus membranaceus and 2-4 parts by weight of angelica sinensis respectively, drying, crushing, adding into 70-100 parts by weight of water, extracting for 2-4 hours by boiling, filtering, and reserving solids for use; adding ethanol into the filtrate until the ethanol content of the system is 70-80wt%, precipitating for 3-5h, filtering, and collecting polysaccharide solid;
S5, fermenting and extracting: mixing 15-20 parts by weight of the solid in the step S3 and 3-5 parts by weight of the solid in the step S4, adding into water, sterilizing, respectively inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid, respectively inoculating at the inoculum concentration of 1-2v/v% and 1.5-2.2v/v%, fermenting and culturing at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ for 24-36h under the anoxic condition, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain a fermented extract;
The bacterial seed liquid has a bacterial content of 10 8-109 cfu/mL;
S6, purifying: mixing 15-20 parts by weight of royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide obtained in the step S3 and 3-5 parts by weight of the fermentation extract obtained in the step S5, adding into 500 parts by weight of water, ultrafiltering, and collecting collagen peptide/active substance mixture with molecular weight of 3K-5 kDa;
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: mixing 100 parts by weight of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 with 7-10 parts by weight of the polysaccharide solid prepared in the step S4, adding 500 parts by weight of water, adding 2-4 parts by weight of copper salt and 3-5 parts by weight of zinc salt, stirring at 35-40 ℃ for reaction for 30-50min, dialyzing for 3-5h by using a dialysis bag with the aperture of 3-5KD, and freeze-drying the non-permeate to prepare the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly.
The invention further provides a collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
Royal jelly contains a large amount of proteins, about 30% -50%, and contains a large amount of active proteins including cholinesterase, glucose oxidase, amylase, lipase, transaminase, superoxide dismutase, antibacterial peptide royalisin, etc., and many other active components. Wherein, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase have excellent antioxidant and anti-aging activities, and the antibacterial peptide royalisin can resist gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria, and has excellent antibacterial activities. The other active components can stimulate antibody production and immunocompetent cell proliferation, and play a role in regulating immunity, or regulating insulin, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood pressure, resisting tumor, resisting fatigue and the like.
The pigskin and the cod skin contain abundant collagen, and the collagen peptide is taken as a hydrolysis product of the collagen, so that the pigskin and the cod skin are not only beneficial to digestion and absorption, but also have the activities of promoting skin tissue wound healing, moisturizing, resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar, resisting aging and the like. According to the invention, after degreasing through alkali treatment and petroleum ether treatment, the obtained pigskin/cod skin emulsion is mixed with the royal jelly protein obtained through extraction, and enzymolysis is carried out under ultrahigh pressure auxiliary treatment, so that the micromolecular protein peptide is obtained.
The ultrahigh pressure damages hydrogen bonds maintaining the secondary structure, exposes more hydrophobic groups and amino acid residues, changes the structure of collagen, promotes enzymolysis, promotes the expansion of collagen and changes the structure, thereby improving the functional performance of protein peptide. Meanwhile, under the mixed action of the compound enzyme comprising neutral protease and papain, the three-level structure is degraded to obtain the micromolecular collagen peptide with smaller molecular weight, easy absorption and higher activity, and the dissolution and absorption effects are more obvious after the micromolecular collagen peptide is chelated with copper, zinc and other human necessary metal elements due to the smaller relative molecular weight.
The ginseng, astragalus and angelica contain rich polysaccharide, protein and other active components (including flavonoids, triterpenes, saponins, organic acids and the like), have better functions of improving immunity, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood pressure, resisting fatigue, resisting oxidation, resisting aging and the like, the solid after water extraction is mixed with the solid after protein extraction, and after probiotics (lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum) are mixed and fermented, the plant cell walls are crushed, so that more active substances are promoted to be dissolved out, the fermented extract contains more active proteins, sugar and other components, and the polysaccharide solid obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation is mixed with collagen peptide.
Copper ion is a trace element essential for human body, and has the functions of promoting angiogenesis, affecting lipid/sugar metabolism, resisting bacteria and the like. Collagen peptide, polysaccharide chain and zinc ion have chelation reaction, which is more favorable for absorption, better in solubility and stronger in stability, and has good effects of zinc supplement, antibiosis, antioxidation and organism immunity improvement. Meanwhile, the product of chelating copper ions and zinc ions has a synergistic effect.
The collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly prepared by the invention has better functions of resisting oxidation, aging, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood pressure, resisting tumors, regulating immunity, resisting fatigue and the like, and has the advantages of simple preparation method, wide raw material sources, low preparation cost, safety, no side effect and wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Lactobacillus plantarum, ATCC8014, available from Shanghai America biosciences, bifidobacterium longum, ATCC15707, available from Shanghai Fuxiang biosciences.
The preparation method of the lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed solution comprises the following steps: inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum into a slant culture medium respectively, and performing activation culture for 18 hours at the temperature of 37 ℃ under the anoxic condition, so as to obtain strain seed liquid, wherein the bacterial content of the strain seed liquid is 10 8-109 cfu/mL.
Neutral proteinase, 10 ten thousand U/g, purchased from Shandong health bioengineering Co., ltd; papain, 10U/g, purchased from Guangzhou Tianjia biotechnology Co.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting royal jelly protein: adding 10 parts by weight of royal jelly into 30 parts by weight of water, regulating the pH value of the solution to 9 by adopting food-grade calcium hydroxide, heating to 35 ℃, stirring, mixing and extracting for 1h, regulating the pH value of the solution to 3.5, standing and precipitating for 3h, centrifuging, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the royal jelly protein;
S2, treating pigskin/cod skin: removing 3 parts by weight of a lower fat layer of pigskin, removing scales from 2 parts by weight of cod skin, mixing and mincing, soaking in 30 parts by weight of 3wt% NaOH solution for 0.5h, filtering, washing, adding into 100 parts by weight of petroleum ether, stirring at 35 ℃ for degreasing for 0.5h, and filtering to obtain pigskin/cod Pi Mei;
S3, ultra-high pressure auxiliary enzymolysis: mixing 10 parts by weight of the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and 4 parts by weight of the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding 100 parts by weight of water, adding 2 parts by weight of compound enzyme, loading into ultrahigh pressure equipment, performing ultrahigh pressure treatment at 300MPa for 5min, heating to 40 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 4h, filtering, reserving solids, and freeze-drying the filtrate to prepare the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide;
the compound enzyme is a mixture of neutral protease and papain, and the mass ratio is 3:1;
S4, extracting ginseng-astragalus membranaceus-angelica sinensis: cleaning 1 part by weight of ginseng, 3 parts by weight of astragalus and 2 parts by weight of angelica respectively, drying, crushing, adding into 70 parts by weight of water, boiling and extracting for 2 hours, filtering, and reserving the solid; adding ethanol into the filtrate until the ethanol content of the system is 70wt%, precipitating for 3h, filtering, and collecting polysaccharide solid;
S5, fermenting and extracting: mixing 15 parts by weight of the solid in the step S3 and 3 parts by weight of the solid in the step S4, adding water, sterilizing, respectively inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid, respectively inoculating the lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid with the inoculum sizes of 1v/v% and 1.5v/v%, fermenting and culturing for 24 hours at 35 ℃ and 50r/min under the anoxic condition, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain a fermented extract;
S6, purifying: mixing 15 parts by weight of royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide obtained in the step S3 and 3 parts by weight of the fermentation extract obtained in the step S5, adding into 500 parts by weight of water, ultrafiltering, and collecting collagen peptide/active substance mixture with a molecular weight of 3 kDa;
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: 100 parts by weight of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 and 7 parts by weight of the polysaccharide solid prepared in the step S4 are mixed and added into 500 parts by weight of water, 2 parts by weight of copper chloride and 3 parts by weight of zinc chloride are added, stirring and reacting are carried out at 35 ℃ for 30min, dialysis is carried out for 3h by using a dialysis bag with the aperture of 3KD, and the non-permeate is frozen and dried, so that the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly is prepared.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly, which specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, extracting royal jelly protein: adding 10 parts by weight of royal jelly into 50 parts by weight of water, regulating the pH value of the solution to 10 by adopting food-grade calcium hydroxide, heating to 45 ℃, stirring, mixing and extracting for 2 hours, regulating the pH value of the solution to 4.5, standing and precipitating for 5 hours, centrifuging, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the royal jelly protein;
S2, treating pigskin/cod skin: removing fat layer from 5 parts by weight of pigskin, removing scales from 4 parts by weight of cod skin, mixing and mincing, soaking in 50 parts by weight of 5wt% KOH solution for 1h, filtering, washing, adding into 100 parts by weight of petroleum ether, stirring at 45 ℃ for degreasing for 1h, and filtering to obtain pigskin/cod Pi Mei;
S3, ultra-high pressure auxiliary enzymolysis: mixing 12 parts by weight of the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and 7 parts by weight of the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding 100 parts by weight of water, adding 3 parts by weight of compound enzyme, loading into ultrahigh pressure equipment, performing ultrahigh pressure treatment at 400MPa for 10min, heating to 50 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 5h, filtering, reserving solids, and freeze-drying the filtrate to prepare the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide;
The compound enzyme is a mixture of neutral protease and papain, and the mass ratio is 5:2;
s4, extracting ginseng-astragalus membranaceus-angelica sinensis: cleaning 2 parts by weight of ginseng, 5 parts by weight of astragalus and 4 parts by weight of angelica respectively, drying, crushing, adding into 100 parts by weight of water, boiling and extracting for 4 hours, filtering, and reserving the solid; adding ethanol into the filtrate until the ethanol content of the system is 80wt%, precipitating for 5 hours, filtering, and collecting polysaccharide solid;
S5, fermenting and extracting: mixing 20 parts by weight of the solid in the step S3 and 5 parts by weight of the solid in the step S4, adding water, sterilizing, respectively inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid, respectively inoculating the lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid with the inoculum sizes of 2v/v% and 2.2v/v%, fermenting and culturing for 36h at 38 ℃ and 100r/min under the anoxic condition, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain a fermented extract;
s6, purifying: mixing 20 parts by weight of royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide obtained in the step S3 and 5 parts by weight of the fermentation extract obtained in the step S5, adding into 500 parts by weight of water, ultrafiltering, and collecting collagen peptide/active substance mixture with molecular weight of 5 kDa;
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: 100 parts by weight of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 and 10 parts by weight of the polysaccharide solid prepared in the step S4 are mixed and added into 500 parts by weight of water, 4 parts by weight of copper sulfate and 5 parts by weight of zinc sulfate are added, stirring is carried out at 40 ℃ for 50min, dialysis is carried out for 5h by using a dialysis bag with the aperture of 5KD, and the non-permeate is frozen and dried, so that the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly is prepared.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly, which specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, extracting royal jelly protein: adding 10 parts by weight of royal jelly into 40 parts by weight of water, regulating the pH value of the solution to 9.5 by adopting food-grade calcium hydroxide, heating to 40 ℃, stirring, mixing and extracting for 1.5 hours, regulating the pH value of the solution to 4, standing and precipitating for 4 hours, centrifuging, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the royal jelly protein;
S2, treating pigskin/cod skin: removing fat layer from 4 parts by weight of pigskin, removing scales from 3 parts by weight of cod skin, mixing and mincing, soaking in 40 parts by weight of 4wt% NaOH solution for 1h, filtering, washing, adding into 100 parts by weight of petroleum ether, stirring at 40 ℃ for degreasing for 1h, and filtering to obtain pigskin/cod Pi Mei;
S3, ultra-high pressure auxiliary enzymolysis: mixing 11 parts by weight of the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and 5 parts by weight of the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding 100 parts by weight of water, adding 2.5 parts by weight of complex enzyme, loading into ultrahigh pressure equipment, performing ultrahigh pressure treatment under 350MPa for 7min, heating to 45 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 4.5h, filtering, reserving solids, and performing freeze drying on the filtrate to prepare the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide;
The compound enzyme is a mixture of neutral protease and papain, and the mass ratio is 4:1.5;
S4, extracting ginseng-astragalus membranaceus-angelica sinensis: cleaning 1.5 parts by weight of ginseng, 4 parts by weight of astragalus and 3 parts by weight of angelica respectively, drying, crushing, adding into 85 parts by weight of water, boiling and extracting for 3 hours, filtering, and reserving the solid for use; adding ethanol into the filtrate until the ethanol content of the system is 75wt%, precipitating for 4 hours, filtering, and collecting polysaccharide solid;
S5, fermenting and extracting: mixing 17 parts by weight of the solid in the step S3 and 4 parts by weight of the solid in the step S4, adding water, sterilizing, respectively inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid, respectively inoculating the lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid with the inoculum sizes of 1.5v/v% and 1.7v/v%, fermenting and culturing for 30 hours at 37 ℃ under the anoxic condition and 75r/min, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain a fermented extract;
s6, purifying: mixing 17 parts by weight of the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide obtained in the step S3 and 4 parts by weight of the fermented extract obtained in the step S5, adding the mixture into 500 parts by weight of water, ultrafiltering, and collecting a collagen peptide/active substance mixture with a molecular weight of 4 kDa;
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: 100 parts by weight of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 and 8.5 parts by weight of the polysaccharide solid prepared in the step S4 are mixed and added into 500 parts by weight of water, 3 parts by weight of copper nitrate and 4 parts by weight of zinc nitrate are added, stirring and reacting are carried out at 37 ℃ for 40min, dialysis is carried out for 4h by using a dialysis bag with the pore diameter of 4KD, and the non-permeate is frozen and dried, so that the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly is prepared.
Example 4
The difference compared to example 3 is that the complex enzyme is a single neutral protease.
Example 5
The difference compared to example 3 is that the complex enzyme is a single papain.
Comparative example 1
The difference compared to example 3 is that no pigskin is added in step S2.
The method comprises the following steps:
S2, treatment of cod skin: removing scales from 7 parts by weight of cod skin, mincing, soaking in 40 parts by weight of 4wt% NaOH solution for 1h, filtering, washing, adding into 100 parts by weight of petroleum ether, stirring at 40 ℃ for degreasing for 1h, and filtering to obtain cod skin emulsion.
Comparative example 2
The difference compared to example 3 is that no cod skin is added in step S2.
The method comprises the following steps:
s2, treating pigskin: cutting 7 parts by weight of a lower fat layer of pigskin, mincing, soaking in 40 parts by weight of 4wt% NaOH solution for 1h, filtering, washing, adding into 100 parts by weight of petroleum ether, stirring at 40 ℃ for degreasing for 1h, and filtering to obtain pigskin emulsion.
Comparative example 3
In comparison with example 3, the difference is that no complex enzyme was added in step S3.
The method comprises the following steps:
S3, ultrahigh pressure treatment: mixing 11 parts by weight of the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and 5 parts by weight of the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding into 100 parts by weight of water, loading into an ultrahigh pressure device, treating for 7min under the ultrahigh pressure of 350MPa, filtering, reserving solids, and freeze-drying filtrate to prepare the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 3 is that the ultra-high pressure treatment of 350MPa was not performed for 7min in step S3.
The method comprises the following steps:
S3, enzymolysis: mixing 11 parts by weight of the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and 5 parts by weight of the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding 100 parts by weight of water, adding 2.5 parts by weight of complex enzyme, heating to 45 ℃, carrying out enzymolysis for 4.5 hours, filtering, reserving solids, and freeze-drying filtrate to obtain the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 3 is that the seed solution of Lactobacillus plantarum was not inoculated in step S5.
The method comprises the following steps:
s5, fermenting and extracting: mixing 17 parts by weight of the solid in the step S3 and 4 parts by weight of the solid in the step S4, adding into water, sterilizing, respectively inoculating lactobacillus plantarum strain seed liquid, fermenting and culturing for 30 hours at 37 ℃ under the anoxic condition and 75r/min, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the fermented extract.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 3 is that the seed solution of bifidobacterium longum strain was not inoculated in step S5.
The method comprises the following steps:
s5, fermenting and extracting: mixing 17 parts by weight of the solid in the step S3 and 4 parts by weight of the solid in the step S4, adding into water, sterilizing, respectively inoculating lactobacillus plantarum strain seed liquid, fermenting and culturing for 30 hours at 37 ℃ under the anoxic condition and 75r/min, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the fermented extract.
Comparative example 7
The difference compared to example 3 is that the fermentation extract is not added in step S6.
The method comprises the following steps:
s6, purifying: 21 parts by weight of the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide obtained in the step S3 was added to 500 parts by weight of water, and ultrafiltration was carried out to collect collagen peptide having a molecular weight of 4 kDa.
Comparative example 8
The difference from example 3 is that copper nitrate is not added in step S7.
The method comprises the following steps:
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: 100 parts by weight of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 and 8.5 parts by weight of the polysaccharide solid prepared in the step S4 are mixed and added into 500 parts by weight of water, 7 parts by weight of zinc nitrate is added, stirring reaction is carried out at 37 ℃ for 40min, dialysis is carried out for 4h by using a dialysis bag with the pore diameter of 4KD, and the non-permeate is frozen and dried to prepare the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly.
Comparative example 9
In comparison with example 3, the difference is that zinc nitrate is not added in step S7
The method comprises the following steps:
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: 100 parts by weight of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 and 8.5 parts by weight of the polysaccharide solid prepared in the step S4 are mixed and added into 500 parts by weight of water, 7 parts by weight of copper nitrate is added, stirring reaction is carried out at 37 ℃ for 40min, dialysis is carried out for 4h by using a dialysis bag with the pore diameter of 4KD, and the non-permeate is frozen and dried to prepare the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly.
Comparative example 10
The difference from example 3 is that copper nitrate and zinc nitrate are not added in step S7.
The method comprises the following steps:
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: 100 parts by weight of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture obtained in the step S5 and 8.5 parts by weight of the polysaccharide solid obtained in the step S4 are mixed and added into 500 parts by weight of water, and the mixture is dialyzed for 4 hours by a dialysis bag with the pore diameter of 4KD, and the permeate is not frozen and dried to obtain the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly.
Test example 1 antioxidant Activity
The collagen peptide compositions based on royal jelly prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were formulated into 1mg/mL aqueous solutions, and were subjected to an antioxidant activity test.
1. DPPH radical scavenging Capacity determination
Mu.L of the aqueous solution was homogeneously mixed with 100. Mu.L of a 0.2mmol/L DPPH solution. After the mixed solution was left in a dark place for 30 minutes, the absorbance was measured at 517 nm.
The DPPH radical scavenging activity was calculated as follows:
DPPH radical clearance (%) = [1- (a s-Ac)/Ab ] ×100%
Wherein: a s is the absorbance of the mixed solution of the sample and DPPH; a c is absorbance of the sample mixed with absolute ethanol solution in 1:1; a b is absorbance of DPPH mixed with absolute ethanol solution 1:1.
2. ABTS free radical scavenging ability, superoxide anion free radical scavenging ability, hydroxyl free radical scavenging ability measurements were determined with reference to ABTS free radical scavenging ability kit, superoxide anion free radical scavenging ability kit, and hydroxyl free radical scavenging ability kit (purchased from beijing solibao technologies limited) instructions.
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the collagen peptide compositions based on royal jelly prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have good antioxidant activity.
Test example 2 determination of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory Activity
The collagen peptide compositions based on royal jelly prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were formulated into a 1mg/mL sample solution, and were subjected to a hypoglycemic activity test.
0.1Mol/L of phosphate buffer solution with pH=6.9, 5mg/mL of alpha-glucosidase solution, 5mmol/L of 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-furanoside solution and 0.67mol/L of Na2CO3 solution are sequentially added according to a table 2, after 100 mu L of alpha-glucosidase solution is added, the mixture is uniformly mixed, the mixture is reacted for 10 minutes at 25 ℃, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-furanoside solution and buffer solution are further added, the mixture is uniformly mixed, the mixture is reacted for 10 minutes at 37 ℃, finally Na2CO3 solution is added, the absorbance at 405nm wavelength is measured after the uniform mixing, and the inhibition rate is calculated according to a formula. And (3) taking acarbose as a positive control, measuring sample solutions with different concentrations, calculating corresponding inhibition rates, and evaluating the hypoglycemic activity.
Inhibition ratio (%) = [ (a Control -A Control blank ）-（A Sample of -A Sample blank ）]/（A Control -A Control blank ) ×100
TABLE 2
The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
As is clear from the above table, the collagen peptide compositions based on royal jelly prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have a good activity of inhibiting alpha-glucosidase, and thus exhibit a good hypoglycemic activity.
Test example 3 bacteriostatic Activity
The collagen peptide compositions based on royal jelly prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were formulated into a 1mg/mL sample solution, and the antibacterial activity test was performed.
Taking round filter paper, placing the round filter paper into a culture dish, sterilizing, drying for later use, respectively transferring 100 mu L of staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29740) or escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) suspension onto a flat plate by using a sterile pipette, uniformly coating, placing the filter paper into a sample solution for soaking for 1min, draining the filter paper, lightly attaching the filter paper onto the flat plate, culturing in an incubator for 24h, and measuring the size of a bacteriostasis zone. The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Table 4
As can be seen from the above table, the collagen peptide compositions based on royal jelly prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have good antibacterial activity.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly is characterized by extracting protein in the royal jelly, degreasing pigskin and cod skin, mixing with ultra-high pressure for auxiliary enzymolysis, and filtering to obtain the collagen peptide of the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin; extracting polysaccharide from Ginseng radix, radix astragali and radix Angelicae sinensis, fermenting the above two solid materials, filtering to obtain fermented extract, purifying to obtain collagen peptide/active substance mixture, mixing with polysaccharide, and chelating with copper ion and zinc ion to obtain collagen peptide composition based on Lac Regis Apis.
2. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
S1, extracting royal jelly protein: adding Lac Regis Apis into water, adjusting pH to 9-10 with food-grade calcium hydroxide, heating, mixing, extracting, adjusting pH to 3.5-4.5, standing, precipitating, centrifuging, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain Lac Regis Apis protein;
S2, treating pigskin/cod skin: removing fat layer from Corii Sus Domestica, removing scale from cod skin, mixing, mincing, soaking in alkali solution, washing, degreasing in petroleum ether, and filtering to obtain Corii Sus Domestica/cod Pi Mei;
s3, ultra-high pressure auxiliary enzymolysis: mixing the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding a compound enzyme into water, loading into an ultrahigh pressure device, performing ultrahigh pressure treatment, heating for enzymolysis, filtering, reserving solids, and freeze-drying filtrate to obtain the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide;
s4, extracting ginseng-astragalus membranaceus-angelica sinensis: cleaning Ginseng radix, radix astragali, and radix Angelicae sinensis respectively, drying, pulverizing, extracting with water under boiling, filtering, and collecting solid; precipitating the filtrate with ethanol, filtering, and collecting polysaccharide solid;
S5, fermenting and extracting: mixing the solid in the step S3 and the solid in the step S4, adding into water, sterilizing, inoculating zymophyte, fermenting, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain a fermented extract;
S6, purifying: mixing Lac Regis Apis/Corii Sus Domestica/cod skin collagen peptide in step S3 and the fermented extract in step S5, adding into water, ultrafiltering, and collecting collagen peptide/active substance mixture with molecular weight of 3K-5 kDa;
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: mixing the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 and the polysaccharide solid in the step S4, adding copper salt and zinc salt, stirring for reaction, dialyzing, and freeze-drying the non-permeate to obtain the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the royal jelly to the water in the step S1 is 1:3-5, the temperature of the heating, mixing and extracting is 35-45 ℃, the time is 1-2h, and the time of the standing and precipitating is 3-5h.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the mass ratio of the pigskin to the cod skin to the lye is 3-5:2-4:30-50, the lye is NaOH or KOH with a concentration of 3-5wt%, the soaking time is 0.5-1h, the degreasing temperature is 35-45 ℃ and the degreasing time is 0.5-1h.
5. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein in the step S3, the mass ratio of the royal jelly protein, the pigskin/the cod Pi Mei and the complex enzyme is 10-12:4-7:2-3, the complex enzyme is at least one selected from neutral protease, alkaline protease, trypsin, pepsin, papain, ficin and bromelain, the condition of the ultrahigh pressure treatment is 300-400MPa, the time is 5-10min, the temperature of the heating enzymolysis is 40-50 ℃, and the time is 4-5h.
6. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of ginseng, astragalus, angelica and water in the step S4 is 1-2:3-5:2-4:70-100, the boiling extraction time is 2-4 hours, the ethanol is added to the system to an ethanol content of 70-80wt%, and the precipitation time is 3-5 hours.
7. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the solids in the step S3 and the solids in the step S4 in the step S5 is 15-20:3-5, the fermentation bacteria are lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum seed solutions, the inoculation amount is 1-2v/v% and 1.5-2.2v/v%, the bacterial seed solution contains 10 8-109 cfu/mL, the fermentation condition is that under the anoxic condition, the fermentation temperature is 35-38 ℃, the fermentation temperature is 50-100r/min, and the fermentation culture time is 24-36h.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide to the fermented extract in step S6 is 15-20:3-5; in the step S7, the mass ratio of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture to polysaccharide solid to copper salt to zinc salt is 100:7-10:2-4:3-5, the copper salt is at least one of copper chloride, copper sulfate and copper nitrate, the zinc salt is at least one of zinc chloride, zinc sulfate and zinc nitrate, the temperature of the stirring reaction is 35-40 ℃, the time is 30-50min, the aperture of a dialysis bag for dialysis is 3-5KD, and the dialysis time is 3-5h.
9. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, extracting royal jelly protein: adding 10 parts by weight of royal jelly into 30-50 parts by weight of water, regulating the pH value of the solution to 9-10 by adopting food-grade calcium hydroxide, heating to 35-45 ℃, stirring, mixing and extracting for 1-2h, regulating the pH value of the solution to 3.5-4.5, standing and precipitating for 3-5h, centrifuging, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the royal jelly protein;
S2, treating pigskin/cod skin: removing fat layer from 3-5 weight parts of pigskin, removing scales from 2-4 weight parts of cod skin, mixing, mincing, soaking in 30-50 weight parts of 3-5wt% NaOH or KOH for 0.5-1h, washing, adding petroleum ether, stirring at 35-45deg.C for degreasing for 0.5-1h, and filtering to obtain pigskin/cod Pi Mei;
S3, ultra-high pressure auxiliary enzymolysis: mixing 10-12 parts by weight of the royal jelly protein prepared in the step S1 and 4-7 parts by weight of the pigskin/cod skin emulsion prepared in the step S2, adding 100 parts by weight of water, adding 2-3 parts by weight of the complex enzyme, loading into ultrahigh pressure equipment, performing ultrahigh pressure treatment under 300-400MPa for 5-10min, heating to 40-50 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 4-5h, filtering, reserving solids, and freeze-drying filtrate to prepare the royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide;
the compound enzyme is a mixture of neutral protease and papain, and the mass ratio is 3-5:1-2;
S4, extracting ginseng-astragalus membranaceus-angelica sinensis: cleaning 1-2 parts by weight of ginseng, 3-5 parts by weight of astragalus membranaceus and 2-4 parts by weight of angelica sinensis respectively, drying, crushing, adding into 70-100 parts by weight of water, extracting for 2-4 hours by boiling, filtering, and reserving solids for use; adding ethanol into the filtrate until the ethanol content of the system is 70-80wt%, precipitating for 3-5h, filtering, and collecting polysaccharide solid;
S5, fermenting and extracting: mixing 15-20 parts by weight of the solid in the step S3 and 3-5 parts by weight of the solid in the step S4, adding into water, sterilizing, respectively inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and bifidobacterium longum strain seed liquid, respectively inoculating at the inoculum concentration of 1-2v/v% and 1.5-2.2v/v%, fermenting and culturing at the temperature of 35-38 ℃ for 24-36h under the anoxic condition, filtering, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain a fermented extract;
The bacterial seed liquid has a bacterial content of 10 8-109 cfu/mL;
S6, purifying: mixing 15-20 parts by weight of royal jelly/pigskin/cod skin collagen peptide obtained in the step S3 and 3-5 parts by weight of the fermentation extract obtained in the step S5, adding into 500 parts by weight of water, ultrafiltering, and collecting collagen peptide/active substance mixture with molecular weight of 3K-5 kDa;
S7, preparing a collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly: mixing 100 parts by weight of the collagen peptide/active substance mixture prepared in the step S5 with 7-10 parts by weight of the polysaccharide solid prepared in the step S4, adding 500 parts by weight of water, adding 2-4 parts by weight of copper salt and 3-5 parts by weight of zinc salt, stirring at 35-40 ℃ for reaction for 30-50min, dialyzing for 3-5h by using a dialysis bag with the aperture of 3-5KD, and freeze-drying the non-permeate to prepare the collagen peptide composition based on the royal jelly.
10. A collagen peptide composition based on royal jelly prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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