CN118214789A - Ultra-long frame construction, analysis and communication system, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Ultra-long frame construction, analysis and communication system, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an ultralong frame construction, analysis and communication system, a computer device, and a storage medium. The method for constructing the ultra-long frame comprises the following steps: according to the data to be constructed, acquiring the message length of a protocol data unit in an Ethernet frame to be constructed, and if the message length is greater than a preset length, setting a reserved field of a header in the protocol data unit in the Ethernet frame as an ultralong frame flag bit; storing the data to be constructed to construct the protocol data unit, and constructing the Ethernet frame based on the protocol data unit; and acquiring the actual length of the Ethernet frame, and recording the actual length in a first length field of the protocol data unit head. By utilizing the reserved field and the length field, the compatibility of longer messages is realized, so that the Ethernet frame can be constructed and communicated in the form of an ultra-long frame.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an ultralong frame construction, analysis and communication system, a computer device, and a storage medium.
Background
At present, in the field of industrial control (such as manufacturing industry, energy industry, petrochemical industry, electric power acquisition and the like), a plurality of protocols are provided, such as Modbus protocol, ethercat (Ethernet) protocol, profinet protocol, CC-link protocol and the like, each protocol has the characteristics of self, wherein the Ethercat protocol is favored by the industry in terms of simple message structure, low time delay, accurate synchronization and the like. Because of the length limitation in the Ethercat protocol, ethercat cannot transmit jumbo frames (e.g., video frames, data frames transmitted by a data center, etc.). The Ethercat protocol, while having great advantages in terms of transmission, does not support very long frames. The Ethercat protocol specifies that each PDU (protocol data unit) can only be 2047 bytes in length at maximum and is not capable for jumbo frame processing.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for constructing an ultralong frame, including:
According to the data to be constructed, acquiring the message length of a protocol data unit in an Ethernet frame to be constructed, and if the message length is greater than a preset length, setting a reserved field of a header in the protocol data unit in the Ethernet frame as an ultralong frame flag bit;
storing the data to be constructed to construct the protocol data unit, and constructing the Ethernet frame based on the protocol data unit;
and acquiring the actual length of the Ethernet frame, and recording the actual length in a first length field of the protocol data unit head.
Further, the protocol data unit includes a plurality of sub-protocol data units;
the obtaining the message length of the protocol data unit in the ethernet frame to be constructed according to the data to be constructed includes:
determining the message length of data to be constructed to be written into each sub-protocol data unit, and determining the message length of the protocol data unit according to the message length of each sub-protocol data unit.
Further, the storing the data to be constructed to construct the protocol data unit includes:
storing the corresponding data to be constructed into a data field;
If the message length of any sub-protocol data unit is greater than the preset length, setting a reserved field corresponding to the sub-protocol data unit as a long data unit;
and storing the message length of the long data unit into a second length field of the sub-protocol data unit.
Further, the first length field and the second length field have 4 bytes.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an ultralong frame parsing method, including:
When an Ethernet frame is received, acquiring the reserved field content of a protocol data unit header in the Ethernet frame to determine whether the Ethernet frame is an ultralong frame or not;
And if the Ethernet frame is an ultra-long frame, acquiring a first message length of the Ethernet frame through a first length field of the protocol data unit header, and extracting data in the protocol data unit.
Further, the protocol data unit includes a plurality of sub-protocol data units;
The step of obtaining the first message length of the ethernet frame through the first length field of the header of the protocol data unit, and extracting the data in the protocol data unit includes:
Determining the reserved field content of each sub-protocol data unit to determine whether the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit;
And if the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit, acquiring a second message length in a second length field of the sub-protocol data unit, and acquiring data in a data field of the sub-protocol data unit according to the second message length until all the finally acquired data lengths are equal to the first message length.
Further, after determining whether the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit, the method further includes:
And if the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit, acquiring a default message length in a default length field of the sub-protocol data unit, and acquiring data in a data field of the sub-protocol data unit according to the default message length.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an ultralong frame communication system, comprising: a source device end and a target device end;
The source equipment end is used for constructing an ultra-long frame by the ultra-long frame construction method and sending the ultra-long frame to the target equipment end;
in a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer device, including a processor and a memory, where the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program executes the ultralong frame construction method and the ultralong frame parsing method when running on the processor.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a readable storage medium storing a computer program that when run on a processor performs the method of ultralong frame construction and the method of ultralong frame parsing.
The invention discloses an ultra-long frame construction, analysis and communication system, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method for constructing the ultra-long frame comprises the following steps: according to the data to be constructed, acquiring the message length of a protocol data unit in an Ethernet frame to be constructed, and if the message length is greater than a preset length, setting a reserved field of a header in the protocol data unit in the Ethernet frame as an ultralong frame flag bit; storing the data to be constructed to construct the protocol data unit, and constructing the Ethernet frame based on the protocol data unit; and acquiring the actual length of the Ethernet frame, and recording the actual length in a first length field of the protocol data unit head. By utilizing the reserved field and the length field, the compatibility of longer messages is realized, so that the Ethernet frame can be constructed and communicated in the form of an ultra-long frame, the data transmission efficiency is improved, and the communication protocol has better compatibility.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are required for the embodiments will be briefly described, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Like elements are numbered alike in the various figures.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an ultralong frame construction method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an Ethernet frame structure according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for analyzing an ultra-long frame;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for ultra-long frame communication;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an ultralong frame communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a specific feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, which may be used in various embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to first exclude the presence of or increase the likelihood of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the invention belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) will be interpreted as having a meaning that is the same as the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in connection with the various embodiments of the invention.
The technical scheme of the application is mainly used in the field of industrial control communication and mainly provides a method for constructing, analyzing and communicating an ultralong frame.
The technical scheme of the application is described in the following by examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the method for constructing an ultralong frame provided in this embodiment includes:
Step S100, according to the data to be constructed, the message length of the protocol data unit in the Ethernet frame to be constructed is obtained, if the message length is greater than the preset length, the reserved field in the header field in the protocol data unit is set as the extra-long frame flag bit.
The technical scheme of the application is applied to some host or slave devices in industrial control, and generally, communication exists between the host and a plurality of slaves, wherein an Ethercat protocol is usually used, communication data is carried by generating an Ethernet frame when the communication is carried by the Ethercat protocol, and the amount of the carried data is limited in the traditional Ethercat protocol.
In order to make the ethernet frame carry more data as an ultralong frame, the embodiment marks the ethernet frame by reserving a field, and then recalculates and stores the ethernet frame for an excessively long message length.
If an ultralong frame is to be constructed, one precondition is that the data required to construct the frame exceeds a preset length, where the preset length is 2047 bytes as defined by the conventional Ethercat protocol. The extra-long frame construction is only required when the data to be constructed exceeds the length, otherwise the extra-long frame construction is not required.
For a better illustration, reference is made to the ethernet frame structure diagram shown in fig. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the ethernet frame has a multiple structure, and the PDU in the figure is a protocol data unit, where there are a plurality of sub-protocol data units corresponding to the foregoing slave devices one by one, and data extracted from each slave device is stored in the corresponding sub-protocol data unit.
There is a Reserved field Reserved in the PDU header, which is used to hold a corresponding flag bit to indicate whether the ethernet frame is an ultralong frame or not. It will be appreciated that when the data to be constructed exceeds 2047, an ultralong frame flag bit is set in the reserved field, indicating that the frame is an ultralong frame exceeding 2047 bits, requiring special handling.
The extra-long frame flag bit may be set according to actual requirements, for example, 1 indicates an extra-long frame, 0 indicates a non-extra-long frame, and so on.
In an actual scenario, the data to be constructed is often required to be written into different PDUs, so that the data to be constructed is often not a complete block of data, but is scattered, so that the message length of the data to be constructed to be written into each sub-protocol data unit can be determined respectively, and after the message length in each sub-PDU is determined, the message length of the whole ethernet frame can be determined, thereby determining whether the ethernet frame is an ultralong frame or not.
If the message length is greater than 2047, the message length is stored in a length2 field (first length field), and if the message length is less than 2047, the message length is stored in a length field (first length field). The first length field has a size of 4 bytes and thus it can store numbers much greater than 2047 length.
Step S200, storing the data to be constructed to construct the protocol data unit, and constructing an ethernet frame based on the protocol data unit.
After determining the nature of the ethernet frame, the ethernet frame needs to be constructed, and as can be seen from the structure of fig. 2, all the DATA fields DATA are in sub-PDUs, the importance of constructing the ethernet frame is to store the DATA to be constructed in these DATA fields reasonably, and record the correct length of each PDU.
There is also a reserved field in the sub-PDU that can be used to mark whether the sub-PDU is a long data unit in a similar manner to the previous steps.
It should be explained that there is an LEN field in the sub-PDU, which is a default length field for indicating the DATA length in the DATA field, but the default field can record only a length of at most 2047 bits, and when the DATA stored in the sub-PDU does not exceed this length, the DATA length is recorded using the default length field.
When the data stored in the sub-PDU is larger than 2047 bits, the sub-PDU is a long data unit, and for the long data unit, except for recording the corresponding flag bit in the reserved field of the sub-PDU, a length3 field (second length field) is extended to be used as the actual message length of recording. The second length field is the same size as the first length field.
Therefore, when constructing the protocol DATA unit, the protocol DATA unit is constructed according to each sub-protocol DATA unit, and each sub-protocol DATA unit is marked according to the DATA length actually stored in each sub-protocol DATA unit, and the message length is recorded, so that the DATA is stored in the DATA field, and the storage of the whole Ethernet frame DATA is also completed.
Step S300, acquiring the actual length of the ethernet frame, and recording the actual length in the first length field of the protocol data unit header.
After the sub-PDU is constructed, the construction of all the contents of the ethernet frame is completed, and at this time, the actual length of the ethernet frame can be obtained, and the actual length is recorded in the first length field, so that the construction of a complete super-long frame is completed.
It will be appreciated that if the ethernet frame to be constructed is not an ultralong frame, the ethernet frame may still be constructed in a conventional manner, and the two modes will not affect each other.
By the construction method of the embodiment, the ultra-long frame can be constructed when the Ethercat protocol is used for communication, correct information can be carried, more data can be carried, the original communication protocol is not influenced, the transmission data forgive is enlarged, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the method for analyzing an ultralong frame provided in this embodiment includes:
Step 400, when an ethernet frame is received, acquiring the reserved field content of the header of the protocol data unit in the ethernet frame to determine whether the ethernet frame is an ultralong frame.
The method of this embodiment is applied to the device in embodiment 1, and it is understood that the ethernet frame may be sent by any device, or may be received by any device, and when the device receives, a parsing operation is required.
When an ethernet frame is received, a determination is made to determine whether the ethernet frame is an ultralong frame.
As can be seen from embodiment 1, a flag bit is stored in the reserved field of the header of the protocol data unit, which can indicate whether the ethernet frame is an ultralong frame or not.
When the frame is not an ultra-long frame, the parsing can be performed in a conventional manner.
Step S500, if the ethernet frame is an ultralong frame, acquiring a first message length of the ethernet frame through a first length field of the header of the protocol data unit, and extracting data in the protocol data unit.
It can be appreciated that, because of the extra long frame, the first message length needs to be obtained from the first length field, so that whether the data obtained by the final parsing is complete can be determined according to the first message length.
Thus, the reserved field content of each of the sub-protocol data units may be determined to determine whether the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit;
And if the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit, acquiring a second message length in a second length field of the sub-protocol data unit, and acquiring data in a data field of the sub-protocol data unit according to the second message length until all the finally acquired data lengths are equal to the first message length.
When the ethernet frame is an ultra-long frame, there is a case that some sub-PDUs are not long data units, so for each sub-PDU, it is also necessary to determine whether they are long data units, if the sub-protocol data units are long data units, then the default message length in the default length field of the sub-protocol data units is obtained, and according to the default message length, the data in the data field of the sub-protocol data units is obtained.
And finally, carrying out the whole calculation on the message length of all the obtained data, wherein the fact that the message length is consistent with the actual length indicates that all the data are extracted, and then the analysis of the ultra-long frame is completed.
The method for analyzing the ultra-long frames, which is matched with the construction method in the embodiment 1, can still use the Ethercat protocol between devices, but can carry out ultra-long frame communication, thereby increasing the transmission efficiency, and simultaneously, the original protocol does not need to be changed greatly, thereby having better compatibility.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, the embodiment provides an ultralong frame communication method, which includes:
in step S600, if the extra-long frame needs to be constructed, the source device end constructs the extra-long frame by the extra-long frame construction method, and sends the extra-long frame to the target device end.
The method is applied to an ultra-long frame communication system as shown in fig. 5, in which a source device end 100 and a target device end 200 exist, the source device end is a device for transmitting an ultra-long frame, and the target device end is a device for receiving an ultra-long frame, and the two devices can be mutually converted under a certain condition.
It will be appreciated that the system of fig. 5 may also be applied to the application scenarios mentioned in embodiments 1 and 2, and any device side may construct an ultralong frame according to the ultralong frame construction method mentioned in embodiment 1, and then send it to the target device side.
There is also a case that the target device side will continue to write data into the ultralong frame, and this case can still use the operation of embodiment 1 to complete the assembly and expansion of the ultralong frame.
And step S700, after the target equipment receives the ultra-long frame, analyzing the ultra-long frame according to the ultra-long frame analysis method.
After the target device receives the ultralong frame, it performs parsing according to the manner of embodiment 2, and completes a set of communication flow.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a computer device, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program executes the super-long frame construction method and the super-long frame analysis method when running on the processor.
The present embodiment provides a readable storage medium storing a computer program that when run on a processor performs the ultralong frame construction method and the ultralong frame parsing method.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, of the flow diagrams and block diagrams in the figures, which illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, functional modules or units in various embodiments of the invention may be integrated together to form a single part, or the modules may exist alone, or two or more modules may be integrated to form a single part.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a smart phone, a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of ultralong frame construction, comprising:
according to the data to be constructed, acquiring the message length of a protocol data unit in an Ethernet frame to be constructed, and if the message length is greater than a preset length, setting a reserved field in a header field in the protocol data unit as an ultralong frame flag bit;
storing the data to be constructed to construct the protocol data unit, and constructing an Ethernet frame based on the protocol data unit;
and acquiring the actual length of the Ethernet frame, and recording the actual length in a first length field of the protocol data unit head.
2. The method for constructing an ultralong frame as recited in claim 1, wherein the protocol data unit includes a plurality of sub-protocol data units;
the obtaining the message length of the protocol data unit in the ethernet frame to be constructed according to the data to be constructed includes:
Determining the message length of data to be constructed to be written into each sub-protocol data unit, and determining the message length of the protocol data unit according to the message length corresponding to each sub-protocol data unit.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein storing the data to be constructed to construct the protocol data unit comprises:
storing the corresponding data to be constructed into the data field of the corresponding sub-protocol data unit;
If the message length of the sub-protocol data unit is greater than the preset length, setting a reserved field corresponding to the sub-protocol data unit as a long data unit;
and storing the message length of the long data unit into a second length field of the sub-protocol data unit.
4. A method of constructing an ultralong frame as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first length field and the second length field are 4 bytes.
5. An ultralong frame parsing method, comprising:
When an Ethernet frame is received, acquiring the reserved field content of a protocol data unit header in the Ethernet frame to determine whether the Ethernet frame is an ultralong frame or not;
If the Ethernet frame is an ultra-long frame, acquiring a first message length of the Ethernet frame through a first length field of the protocol data unit header, and extracting data of the first message length from the protocol data unit.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the protocol data unit includes a plurality of sub-protocol data units;
The step of obtaining the first message length of the ethernet frame through the first length field of the header of the protocol data unit, and extracting the data of the first message length from the protocol data unit includes:
Determining the reserved field content of each sub-protocol data unit to determine whether the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit;
and if the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit, acquiring a second message length in a second length field of the sub-protocol data unit, and acquiring data in a data field corresponding to the sub-protocol data unit according to the second message length until the total length of all the finally acquired data is equal to the first message length.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein after determining whether the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit, further comprising:
And if the sub-protocol data unit is a long data unit, acquiring a default message length in a default length field of the sub-protocol data unit, and acquiring data in a data field of the sub-protocol data unit according to the default message length.
8. An ultra-long frame communication system, comprising: a source device end and a target device end;
The source device side is configured to construct an ultralong frame by using the ultralong frame construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and send the ultralong frame to the target device side;
The target device side is configured to parse the ultralong frame according to the ultralong frame parsing method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 after receiving the ultralong frame.
9. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program that, when run on the processor, performs the ultralong frame construction method of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the ultralong frame parsing method of any one of claims 5 to 7.
10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program which, when run on a processor, performs the very long frame construction method of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the very long frame parsing method of any one of claims 5 to 7.
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