CN118213784A - Female connector, male connector and electric connector thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electric connectors, in particular to a female connector, a male connector and an electric connector. After the male connector and the female connector are inserted in place, the conduction between the first female connector and the first male connector is realized through the conductive contact between the contact part of the first female connector and the contact part of the first male connector, the conduction between the second female connector and the second male connector is realized through the conductive contact between the contact part of the second female connector and the contact part of the second male connector, and as three pairs of conductive terminals are adopted, the three pairs of conductive terminals can form a double loop, and the first loop is that: female joint center terminal + male joint center terminal + first female joint terminal + first male joint terminal; the second loop is: female joint center terminal + male joint center terminal + second female joint terminal + second male joint terminal. When the double-loop conduction is adopted, the contact impedance is small, the main-loop current is large, and the working efficiency of the connector in the use process is greatly improved.

Description

Female connector, male connector and electric connector thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of electric connectors, in particular to a female connector, a male connector and an electric connector.

Background

The electrical connector is widely applied, such as occasions of charging, signal transmission and the like, and the electrical connector needs to be used for power transmission or signal transmission. At present, a coaxial double-terminal is generally adopted in the connector, namely one is a central terminal, the other is a crown spring terminal/sheath terminal, and the double terminals are matched to form a single loop. In the actual use process, the problems of large contact impedance and small main circuit current exist in the single-circuit working process of the double terminals, and the working efficiency of the connector in the use process is greatly reduced. And normally one of the two terminals needs to be grounded, so that the coaxial two terminals which can only transmit one signal or transmit one current simultaneously have the technical problem of smaller application range.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a female connector, a male connector and an electric connector thereof, which are provided with two loops, can be suitable for more occasions, can select one of the two loops to use according to requirements, can simultaneously use the two loops, and have wide application range. When the double-loop conduction is adopted, the contact impedance is small, the main-loop current is large, and the working efficiency of the connector in the use process is greatly improved.

In a first aspect, a female connector is provided, the front end of the female connector is a female connector plug end opposite to a male connector, the female connector comprises a female connector insulator, a female connector central terminal, a first female connector terminal sleeved on the periphery of the female connector central terminal, and a second female connector terminal sleeved on the periphery of the first female connector terminal, the female connector central terminal, the first female connector terminal and the second female connector terminal are coaxially arranged on the female connector insulator, the female connector insulator comprises a female connector insulator sheath and a second female connector terminal supporting insulator, the female connector central terminal is positioned in the female connector insulator sheath, and the first female connector terminal is sleeved on the periphery of the female connector insulator sheath; the second female connector terminal support insulator is arranged between the first female connector terminal and the second female connector terminal; the female joint center terminal has a plug hole, the outer peripheral surface of the first female joint terminal has a first female joint contact portion, and the outer peripheral surface of the second female joint terminal has a second female joint contact portion.

In one embodiment, one end of the first female connector terminal, which is used for being inserted into the male connector, extends out of the second female connector terminal, the first female connector terminal and the second female connector terminal enclose a connector insertion space, the connector insertion space and the second female connector terminal support insulator are arranged in the direction of female connector insertion, and after the female connector is inserted into the male connector, the first male connector terminal is inserted into the connector insertion space.

In a second aspect, the present application further provides another female connector, where the front end of the female connector is a female connector plug end opposite to the male connector, the female connector includes a female connector insulator, a female connector center terminal, a first female connector terminal sleeved on the periphery of the female connector center terminal, and a second female connector terminal sleeved on the periphery of the first female connector terminal, the female connector center terminal, the first female connector terminal, and the second female connector terminal are coaxially arranged on the female connector insulator, the female connector insulator includes a female connector insulator sheath, and the female connector center terminal is in the female connector insulator sheath; the first female connector terminal is sleeved on the periphery of the female connector insulator sheath; a second female connector terminal supporting insulator is arranged between the first female connector terminal and the second female connector terminal; the female joint center terminal is provided with a plug hole, the outer peripheral surface of the first female joint terminal is provided with a first female joint contact part, and the outer peripheral surface of the second female joint terminal is provided with a second female joint contact part; the first female joint contact portion is located on the front side of the second female joint contact portion in the axial direction of the female joint; the second female connector contact portion and the second female connector terminal support insulator are arranged in a radial direction of the female connector.

In one embodiment, the first female terminal, the second female terminal and the female connector insulator form a stepped shape having three stepped surfaces, the first female terminal forming a first stepped surface, the second female terminal forming a second stepped surface, and the female connector insulator forming a third stepped surface.

In one embodiment, the first female connector terminal, the second female connector terminal and the female connector insulator form a step shape with two step surfaces, the first female connector terminal forms the first step surface, the second female connector terminal is arranged into a step structure, the front end part of the second female connector terminal protrudes out of the rear end part, and the female connector insulator is arranged in a concave area of the rear end part of the second female connector terminal and is located on a plane with the outer surface of the second female connector terminal to jointly form the second step surface.

In one embodiment, the female connector further comprises a female connector housing injection molded onto the female connector insulator, the female connector housing mating with the protective housing of the male connector after mating with the male connector 2.

In one embodiment, the first female connector terminal and the second female connector terminal are both embedded in the female connector insulator, with only the first female connector contact portion exposed on the first female connector terminal and only the second female connector contact portion exposed on the second female connector terminal.

In one embodiment, the female connector insulator further comprises a second female connector terminal protective sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the second female connector terminal, the second female connector terminal protective sleeve is injection molded on the second female connector terminal to be fixed with the second female connector terminal, and an annular clamping groove is formed in the second female connector terminal protective sleeve.

In one embodiment, the female connector central terminal has a plurality of female connector prongs, at least a portion of the female connector mating hole being surrounded by the plurality of female connector prongs.

The application provides a male connector, which is characterized in that the front end of the male connector is a male connector plug end which is plugged with a female connector, the male connector comprises a male connector insulator, a male connector central terminal, a first male connector terminal sleeved on the periphery of the male connector central terminal, and a second male connector terminal sleeved on the periphery of the first male connector terminal, and the male connector central terminal, the first male connector terminal and the second male connector terminal are coaxially arranged on the male connector insulator; the male joint insulator comprises a separation insulating sleeve arranged between a second male joint terminal and a first male joint terminal, and a first insertion space is formed between the first male joint terminal and a male joint center terminal; the inner peripheral surface of the first male connector terminal has a first male connector contact portion, and the inner peripheral surface of the second male connector terminal has a second male connector contact portion.

In one embodiment, a second insertion space is formed between the insulating spacer bush and the second male connector terminal, the insulating spacer bush and the first male connector terminal are integrally inserted into the female connector, and one end of the first male connector terminal for being inserted with the female connector is positioned in the second male connector terminal; after the male connector and the female connector are inserted, the first female connector terminal is inserted into the first insertion space, the second female connector terminal is inserted into the second insertion space, and the inner peripheral surface of the second female connector terminal is in contact with the isolating insulating sleeve.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided another male connector, the front end of the male connector is a male connector plug end opposite to the female connector, the male connector includes a male connector insulator, a male connector central terminal, a first male connector terminal sleeved on the periphery of the male connector central terminal, and a second male connector terminal sleeved on the periphery of the first male connector terminal, and the male connector central terminal, the first male connector terminal and the second male connector terminal are coaxially arranged on the male connector insulator; the male joint insulator includes a spaced apart insulating sleeve disposed between a second male joint terminal and a first male joint terminal, the first male joint terminal having a first male joint contact portion on an inner peripheral surface thereof and a second male joint contact portion on an inner peripheral surface thereof; the first male connector contact portion is located at the rear side of the second male connector contact portion in the axial direction of the male connector;

after the male connector and the female connector are inserted in place, the central terminal of the male connector is inserted into the insertion hole of the female connector, the conduction of the first male connector terminal is realized by the contact of the first male connector contact part and the first female connector terminal, and the conduction of the second male connector terminal is realized by the contact of the second male connector contact part and the second female connector terminal.

In one embodiment, the first and second male connector terminals are crown spring terminals, the crown spring terminal of the first male connector terminal being located on a rear side of the crown spring terminal of the second male connector terminal.

In one embodiment, the first male connector terminal is a crown spring terminal, the second male connector terminal is a spring terminal, the front end of the second male connector terminal exceeds the first male connector terminal by a preset length, and the second male connector terminal protrudes inward by a preset height within the preset length to form a second male connector contact portion.

In one embodiment, the second male connector terminal is secured by staking the tail end.

In one embodiment, the male connector insulator further comprises an insulating base body, the rear end of the isolating insulating sleeve is fixed on the insulating base body, the male connector central terminal and the first male connector terminal are fixed on the insulating base body, and the rear end of the second male connector terminal is sleeved on the isolating insulating sleeve and is clamped and fixed with the isolating insulating sleeve.

In one embodiment, the male connector further comprises a terminal sheath and a male connector housing, the terminal sheath is sleeved on the insulating spacer sleeve and covers the second male connector terminal, the male connector housing is injection molded on the male connector insulator and the terminal sheath, the male connector housing comprises a protective sleeve covering the male connector insulator, an opening of the protective sleeve is used for inserting the female connector, and an annular protrusion is arranged on the inner side of one end of the protective sleeve, which is used for inserting the female connector.

In one embodiment, the male connector further comprises a male connector housing, the male connector housing is injection molded on the male connector insulator and the second male connector terminal, the male connector housing comprises a protective sleeve covering the male connector insulator, an opening of the protective sleeve is used for inserting a female connector, an annular protrusion is arranged on the inner side of one end of the protective sleeve, which is used for inserting the female connector, and an annular clamping groove matched with the annular protrusion and used for clamping the annular protrusion is formed in the female connector.

In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides an electrical connector, comprising a female connector according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect and a male connector according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect, or comprising a female connector according to any one of the embodiments of the second aspect and a male connector according to any one of the embodiments of the fourth aspect, after the male connector is plugged into place with the female connector, a central terminal of the male connector is inserted into a plug hole of the female connector to contact electrical conduction, a conduction between a first female connector terminal and the first male connector terminal is brought into electrical conduction with the first male connector contact portion through the first female connector contact portion, and a conduction between a second female connector terminal and the second male connector terminal is brought into electrical conduction with the second male connector contact portion through the second female connector contact portion.

The application has the beneficial effects that:

The female connector, the male connector and the electric connector formed by the female connector and the male connector adopt three pairs of conductive terminals, the three pairs of conductive terminals can form a double loop, wherein the male connector central terminal and the female connector central terminal are grounding terminals, and the first loop is that: male joint center terminal + female joint center terminal + first male joint terminal + first female joint terminal; the second loop is: male connector center terminal + female connector center terminal + second male connector terminal + second female connector terminal. After the male connector and the female connector are inserted in place, the conduction between the first female connector and the second male connector is realized through the conductive contact between the contact part of the first female connector and the contact part of the first male connector, the conduction between the second female connector and the second male connector is realized through the conductive contact between the contact part of the second female connector and the contact part of the second male connector, and the application range of the electric connector is improved. When the double-loop conduction is adopted, the contact impedance is small, the main-loop current is large, and the working efficiency of the connector in the use process is greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application before a male connector and a female connector are mated;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a male connector and a female connector of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a male connector and a female connector of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a male connector in an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a male connector in an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a female connector in an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a female connector in an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a second cross-sectional view of an electrical connector before a male connector and a female connector are mated according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a second cross-sectional view of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application after a male connector and a female connector are plugged together;

FIG. 10 is a second cross-sectional view of a male connector of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a second cross-sectional view of a female connector of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a second perspective view of a female connector of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a third cross-sectional view of an electrical connector prior to mating a male connector with a female connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a third cross-sectional view of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application after a male connector and a female connector are mated;

fig. 15 is a third cross-sectional view of a female connector in an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a third cross-sectional view of a male connector in an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is an isometric view of a female connector in an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the application;

fig. 18 is a schematic partial structure of a male connector of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present application.

In the figure: 1. a female joint; 11. a female connector insulator; 111. an annular clamping groove; 112. a female connector insulator jacket; 113. a second female connector terminal support insulator; 114. a second female connector terminal protective sleeve; 12. a female connector center terminal; 121. a female connector plug hole; 122. a female joint spring claw; 13. a first female terminal; 131. a first female contact portion; 14. a second female terminal; 141. a second female contact portion; 15. a female connector housing; 16. the joint is inserted into the space; 2. a male connector; 21. a male connector insulator; 211. an insulating base; 212. separating the insulating sleeve; 2121. separating the insulating sleeve clamping blocks; 213. a base clamping block; 22. a male connector center terminal; 23. a first male connector terminal; 231. a first male connector contact portion; 232. a first male connector clamping hole; 233. a first insertion space; 24. a second male connector terminal; 241. a second male connector contact portion; 242. the second male connector clamping hole; 243. a second insertion space; 25. a male connector housing; 251. a protective sleeve; 252. an annular protrusion; 26. a terminal sheath; 3. and (5) conducting wires.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

In a first aspect, referring to fig. 1, 3, 6 and 7, the front end of the female connector 1 is an opposite female connector plugging end for plugging with a male connector, the female connector 1 includes a female connector insulator 11, a female connector central terminal 12, a first female connector terminal 13, and a second female connector terminal 14, the second female connector terminal 14 is in a sleeve shape and is arranged at the periphery of the first female connector terminal 13, and the female connector central terminal 12, the first female connector terminal 13, and the second female connector terminal 14 are coaxially arranged. The female joint center terminal 12 has a female joint insertion hole 121 into which the male joint center terminal 22 is inserted. The free end of the female connector center terminal 12 includes a plurality of female connector prongs 122, and at least a portion of the female connector insertion hole 121 is surrounded by the plurality of female connector prongs 122.

In this embodiment, the female connector insulator 11 includes a female connector insulator sheath 112, the female connector center terminal 12 is clamped in the female connector insulator sheath 112, and the first female connector terminal 13 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the female connector insulator sheath 112. The female joint insulator 11 further includes a second female joint terminal supporting insulator 113 interposed between the first female joint terminal 13 and the second female joint terminal 14, an inner peripheral surface of the second female joint terminal 14 is in contact with the second female joint terminal supporting insulator 113, the first female joint terminal 13 and the second female joint terminal 14 enclose a joint insertion space 16, and the joint insertion space 16 and the second female joint terminal supporting insulator 113 are disposed front and back in a direction in which the female joint 1 is inserted.

After being plugged into the male connector, the outer peripheral surfaces of the first female connector terminal 13 and the second female connector terminal 14 serve as conductive contact surfaces with the male connector terminal. The outer peripheral surface of the first female joint terminal 13 has a first female joint contact portion 131, and the outer peripheral surface of the second female joint terminal 14 has a second female joint contact portion 141. The first male terminal is inserted into the terminal insertion space 16.

In the above-described implementation, the first female terminal 13 is used for inserting one end of the male connector to protrude out of the second female terminal 14, and the connector insertion space 16 and the second female terminal support insulator 113 are disposed back and forth in the direction in which the female connector 1 is inserted. The suspended length of the second female connector terminal 14 can be reduced as much as possible.

In the present embodiment, the female connector insulator 11 is fixed to the first female connector terminal 13 by injection molding on the first female connector terminal 13. The second female terminal support insulator 113 is integrally formed with the female terminal insulator sheath 112. In the injection molding process of the second female terminal support insulator 113 and the female terminal insulator sheath 112, the first female terminal 13 is fixed between the second female terminal support insulator 113 and the female terminal insulator sheath 112, so that the fixing effect of the first female terminal 13 is better. To prevent the first female joint terminal 13 from loosening, the outer periphery of the first female joint terminal 13 is provided with two retaining annular projections. In other embodiments, the second female connector terminal support insulator and the female connector insulator sheath may also be fastened and fixed or interference-fit, and the first female connector terminal and the female connector insulator sheath are fastened and fixed at this time.

The second female connector terminal 14 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second female connector terminal supporting insulator 113, and the second female connector terminal 14 and the second female connector terminal supporting insulator 113 are clamped and fixed in the embodiment. To protect the second female terminal 14, the female terminal insulator 11 includes a second female terminal protective sleeve 114 that is fitted around the outer periphery of the second female terminal 14, and the annular clamping groove 111 is provided on the second female terminal protective sleeve 114. In this embodiment, the female connector insulator 11 is integrally molded, and the second female connector terminal protecting sleeve 114 is injection molded on the second female connector terminal 14 to be fixed with the second female connector terminal 14. In other embodiments, the second female connector terminal protective sleeve may be interference fit with the second female connector terminal. In other embodiments, the second female connector terminal protective sleeve may also be fastened to the second female connector terminal support insulator.

In this embodiment, the female connector 1 includes a female connector housing 15 injection molded on the female connector insulator 11, and after the male connector 2 and the female connector 1 are inserted, the female connector housing 15 and the protective housing of the male connector 2 are mated together. In the process of manufacturing the female connector 1, the female connector insulator 11, the terminals of the female connector 1 and the wires 3 connected with the terminals are connected and assembled together, and then the female connector housing 15 is injection molded. The female connector housing 15 directly fixes the wires 3 connected with the female connector 1 together during injection molding, so that the sealing effect of the female connector 1 is better, and the waterproof performance of the whole coaxial connector can meet the test requirement of IP 67.

In the above implementation, the female connector employs three pairs of conductive terminals that can constitute a dual circuit including a female connector center terminal 12 that is a ground terminal, a first female connector terminal 13 for one circuit to conduct electricity, and a second female connector terminal 14 for the other circuit to conduct electricity. The two loops can be suitable for more occasions, one of the two loops can be selected to be used according to the needs, and the two loops can be simultaneously used, so that the application range is wide. In addition, as the first female connector terminal and the second female connector terminal are circumferentially arranged, the inserted part of the second female connector terminal and the male connector is directly inserted with the male connector, the insulating structure redundant in the radial direction is reduced, and the radial size of the female connector is further reduced.

In a second aspect, the present application further provides a male connector, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3-5, where the front end of the male connector 2 is a male connector plugging end for plugging with the plugging end of the female connector 1. The male connector 2 includes a male connector insulator 21, a male connector center terminal 22 disposed on the male connector insulator 21, a first male connector terminal 23, and a second male connector terminal 24, wherein the first male connector terminal 23 is sleeved on the periphery of the male connector center terminal 22, and the second male connector terminal 24 is sleeved on the periphery of the first male connector terminal 23, and the male connector center terminal 22, the first male connector terminal 23, and the second male connector terminal 24 are coaxially arranged. A first insertion space 233 is formed between the first male connector terminal 23 and the male connector center terminal 22. The first male tab terminal 23 and the second male tab terminal 24 each employ a crown spring terminal. The male connector insulator 21 includes an insulating base 211 and a spacer insulating sleeve 212, the spacer insulating sleeve 212 being disposed between the second male connector terminal 24 and the first male connector terminal 23. In the present embodiment, a second insertion space 243 is formed between the insulating bush 212 and the second male joint terminal 24. The insulating base 211 has a central hole of the male connector base, the male connector central terminal 22 is inserted into the central hole of the male connector base, the male connector central terminal 22 is provided with a retaining tooth, and after the male connector central terminal 22 is inserted into the central hole of the male connector base, the retaining tooth is clamped on the hole wall of the central hole of the male connector base, so as to realize the clamping and fixing of the male connector central terminal 22 and the insulating base 211.

In the above implementation process, the end of the first male connector terminal 23, which is used for being inserted into the female connector, is located in the second male connector terminal 24, so that the radial length of the two terminals of the male connector can be reduced, and the radial dimension of the male connector is reduced.

In this embodiment, a male connector base clamping block 213 is disposed on the outer periphery of the insulating base 211, a first male connector clamping hole 232 corresponding to the male connector base clamping block 213 is disposed on the first male connector terminal 23, the rear end of the first male connector terminal 23 is sleeved on the insulating base 211, and the male connector base clamping block 213 is clamped into the first male connector clamping hole 232, so as to realize the clamping and fixing of the first male connector terminal 23 and the insulating base 211. Similarly, in the present embodiment, the insulating sleeve 212 and the insulating base 211 are also fixed by clamping. In other embodiments, the insulating sleeve 212 and the insulating base may be fixed together by interference fit, injection molding, or the like.

In this embodiment, the second male connector terminal 24 and the insulating spacer sleeve 212 are also fastened and fixed by adopting a clamping manner, a second male connector clamping hole 242 is provided on the second male connector terminal 24, an insulating spacer sleeve clamping block 2121 is provided on the periphery of the insulating spacer sleeve 212, and the insulating spacer sleeve clamping block 2121 is clamped into the second male connector clamping hole 242, so as to realize the fastening and fixing of the second male connector terminal 24 and the insulating spacer sleeve 212.

In order to realize the protection to the male connector 2, the male connector 2 comprises a male connector housing 25, the male connector housing 25 comprises a protective sleeve 251 covering the male connector insulator 21, an opening at one end of the protective sleeve 251 is used for inserting the female connector 1, an annular protrusion 252 is arranged on the inner side of one end of the protective sleeve 251 used for inserting the female connector, an annular clamping groove matched with the annular protrusion 252 and used for clamping the annular protrusion 252 is formed in the female connector, and after the male connector 2 and the female connector 1 are inserted in a butt mode, a waterproof effect is achieved.

In this embodiment, the male connector housing 25 is injection molded onto the male connector insulator 21. In the process of manufacturing the male connector 2, the male connector insulator 21, the terminals of the male connector 2 and the wires 3 connected with the terminals are connected and assembled together, and then the male connector housing 25 is injection molded. The male connector housing 25 is directly fixed with the lead 3 connected with the male connector 2 in the injection molding process, so that the sealing effect of the male connector 2 is better.

In this embodiment, the male connector 2 further includes a terminal sheath 26 disposed at the periphery of the second male connector terminal 24, and the terminal sheath 26 is sleeved on the insulating sleeve 212 and is clamped and fixed on the insulating base 211. The terminal sheath 26 covers the second male connector terminal 24, and the male connector housing 25 is injection molded over the male connector insulator 21 and the terminal sheath 26. The arrangement of the terminal sheath 26 facilitates the implementation of the injection molding process of the male connector housing 25, and prevents the insulating fluid from entering the space enclosed by the second male connector terminal 24 in the injection molding process of the male connector housing 25. In other embodiments, the terminal sheath and the spacer insulating sleeve may be an interference fit.

In the implementation process, the male connector adopts three pairs of conductive terminals, the three pairs of conductive terminals can form a double loop, two loops can be suitable for more occasions, double loop conduction is adopted, the contact impedance is small, the trunk current is large, and the working efficiency of the connector in the use process is greatly improved. In addition, since the male connector circumferentially arranges the first male connector terminal and the second male connector terminal, the insulating structure that is redundant in the radial direction is reduced, and thus the radial dimension of the male connector is reduced.

In a third aspect, the present application also provides an electrical connector, see fig. 1-3, comprising a female connector as described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect and a male connector as described in any of the embodiments of the second aspect, comprising three pairs of conductive terminals, the three pairs of conductive terminals being capable of forming a dual circuit, wherein the female connector central terminal 12 and the male connector central terminal 22 are ground terminals, and the first circuit is: the female joint center terminal 12+the male joint center terminal 22+the first female joint terminal 13+the first male joint terminal 23; the second loop is: the female joint center terminal 12+ the male joint center terminal 22+ the second female joint terminal 14+ the second male joint terminal 24. In the process of inserting the male connector 2 and the female connector 1, the male connector central terminal 22 is contacted with the female connector central terminal 12 first, and then other terminals are contacted again until the male connector 2 and the female connector 1 are inserted into place, and the annular protrusion 252 on the male connector 2 is clamped into the annular clamping groove 111 on the female connector 1. The double-loop conduction is adopted, the contact impedance is small, the main current is large, and the working efficiency of the connector in the use process is greatly improved. In addition, as the female connector and the male connector are circumferentially provided with the first terminal and the second terminal, the radial redundant insulating structure is reduced, and the radial size of the electric connector is further reduced. In addition, the terminals in the coaxial connector in this embodiment adopt a ring structure with central symmetry, the first female connector terminal 13 and the second female connector terminal 14 in the female connector 1 both adopt coaxial metal sheath terminals, the corresponding first male connector terminal 23 and the second male connector terminal 24 in the male connector 2 adopt coaxial crown spring terminals, and after the male connector 2 and the female connector 1 are inserted in opposite directions, the connection is more reliable.

In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides another female connector, see fig. 8, 9, 11-15 and 17, the front end of the female connector 1 is a female connector plugging end plugged with the male connector 2, the female connector 1 includes a female connector insulator 11, a female connector central terminal 12, a first female connector terminal 13 and a second female connector terminal 14, the first female connector terminal 13 is sleeved on the periphery of the female connector central terminal 12, the second female connector terminal 14 is sleeved on the periphery of the first female connector terminal 13, and the female connector central terminal 12, the first female connector terminal 13 and the second female connector terminal 14 are coaxially arranged on the female connector insulator 11. The outer peripheral surface of the first female joint terminal 13 has a first female joint contact portion 131, and the outer peripheral surface of the second female joint terminal 14 has a second female joint contact portion 141. The first female joint contact portion 131 is located on the front side of the second female joint contact portion 141 in the axial direction of the female joint 1. In this embodiment, the female connector insulator 11 is injection molded integrally, and each terminal on the female connector 1 is fixed by the female connector insulator 11. The first female connector terminal 13 and the second female connector terminal 14 are embedded in the female connector insulator 11, only the first female connector contact portion 131 is exposed on the first female connector terminal 13, and only the second female connector contact portion 141 is exposed on the second female connector terminal 14. The female joint center terminal 12 has a female joint insertion hole 121, and the free end of the female joint center terminal 12 has a plurality of female joint elastic claws 122, and at least a part of the female joint insertion hole 121 is surrounded by the plurality of female joint elastic claws 122.

In the above-described implementation, the first female contact portion 131 is located at the front side of the second female contact portion 141 in the axial direction of the female connector 1, so that the radial interval between the first female connector terminal 13 and the second female connector terminal 14 does not require male connector insertion, the interval size can be minimized, and the radial size of the female connector 1 can be reduced. The first female connector terminal and the second female connector terminal do not need to be provided with a splicing space, so that the radial size can be effectively reduced, and the adaptability to narrow space occasions is improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 8, 9, and 11-12, the first female terminal 13, the second female terminal 14, and the female terminal insulator 11 form a stepped shape having three stepped surfaces, the first female terminal 13 forming a first stepped surface, the second female terminal 14 forming a second stepped surface, and the female terminal insulator 11 forming a third stepped surface. The first female terminal 13 and the second female terminal 14 have the same structure and are easy to process.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 13 to 15 and 17, the first female terminal 13, the second female terminal 14 and the female terminal insulator 11 are formed in a stepped shape having two stepped surfaces, the first female terminal 13 is formed in a first stepped surface, the second female terminal 14 is formed in a stepped structure, the front end portion of the second female terminal 14 is provided with a protruding rear end portion, the female terminal insulator 11 is provided in a recessed area of the rear end portion of the second female terminal 14, and the outer surface of the female terminal insulator 11 and the outer surface of the second female terminal 14 are held on the same plane to jointly form a second stepped surface. The product size is controlled to be tiny and precise as much as possible through the design, the exposed diameters of the two sheath terminals of the female connector are made into the step shape of the two step surfaces, one size is large, and the other size is small (phi 2.40 mm), so that the female connector can be universal with the structure of the existing female connector with a single loop. That is, the female connector in this embodiment can be plugged with any existing single-circuit male connector, when docked to the existing single-circuit male connector, forming a single circuit: the female joint center terminal 12+ the male joint center terminal 22+ the first female joint terminal 13+ the first male joint terminal 23. On the other hand, the stepped shape of the female connector with two stepped surfaces leaves more room for the terminal design of the male connector.

In this embodiment, the female connector 1 includes a female connector housing 15 injection molded on the female connector insulator 11, and after the male connector 2 and the female connector 1 are inserted, the female connector housing 15 and the protective housing of the male connector 2 are mated together.

In this embodiment, the female connector insulator 11 includes a female connector insulator sheath 112, the female connector center terminal 12 is clamped in the female connector insulator sheath 112, and the first female connector terminal 13 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the female connector insulator sheath 112. The female joint insulator 11 further includes a second female joint terminal supporting insulator 113 located between the first female joint terminal 13 and the second female joint terminal 14, the inner peripheral surface of the second female joint terminal 14 is in contact with the second female joint terminal supporting insulator 113, the second female joint terminal 14 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second female joint terminal supporting insulator 113, and the second female joint terminal 14 and the second female joint terminal supporting insulator 113 are clamped and fixed in this embodiment. To protect the second female terminal 14, the female terminal insulator 11 includes a second female terminal protective sleeve 114 that is fitted around the outer periphery of the second female terminal 14, and the annular clamping groove 111 is provided on the second female terminal protective sleeve 114. In this embodiment, the female connector insulator 11 is integrally molded, and the second female connector terminal protecting sleeve 114 is injection molded on the second female connector terminal 14 to be fixed with the second female connector terminal 14.

In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a male connector, as shown in fig. 8-10, 13, 16 and 18, the front end of the male connector 2 is a male connector plugging end that is plugged with the female connector 1, the male connector 2 includes a male connector insulator 21, a male connector central terminal 22, a first male connector terminal 23, and a second male connector terminal 24, the first male connector terminal 23 is sleeved on the periphery of the male connector central terminal 22, the second male connector terminal 24 is sleeved on the periphery of the first male connector terminal 23, and the male connector central terminal 22, the first male connector terminal 23 and the second male connector terminal 24 are coaxially arranged on the male connector insulator 21. The male connector insulator 21 comprises an insulating base 211 and a separating insulating sleeve 212, the rear end of the separating insulating sleeve 212 is fixed on the insulating base 211, the male connector center terminal 22 and the first male connector terminal 23 are clamped and fixed on the insulating base 211, and the rear end of the second male connector terminal 24 is sleeved on the separating insulating sleeve 212 and clamped and fixed with the separating insulating sleeve 212. The rear end of the insulating sleeve 212 is clamped and fixed on the insulating base 211. In other embodiments, the insulating sleeve and the insulating base may be assembled in an interference manner, or may be integrally injection molded. The inner peripheral surface of the first male joint terminal 23 has a first male joint contact portion 231, and the inner peripheral surface of the second male joint terminal 24 has a second male joint contact portion 241; the first male connector contact portion 231 is on the rear side of the second male connector contact portion 241 in the axial direction of the male connector 2.

After the female connector 1 and the male connector 2 are plugged in place, the male connector center terminal 22 is inserted into the female connector plugging hole 121, the conduction between the first male connector terminal 23 and the first female connector 1 is achieved by the conductive contact between the first male connector contact portion 231 and the first female connector contact portion 131, and the conduction between the second male connector terminal 24 and the second female connector 1 is achieved by the conductive contact between the second male connector contact portion 241 and the second female connector contact portion 141.

In the above implementation process, in the axial direction of the male connector 2, the first male connector contact portion 231 is located at the rear side of the second male connector contact portion 241, so that there is no need to provide an inserting space between the first male connector terminal 23 and the second male connector terminal 24, which can effectively reduce the radial dimension of the male connector and improve the adaptability to occasions with a small space.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 8 and 10, the first and second male tab terminals 23 and 24 are crown spring terminals, and the crown spring terminal of the first male tab terminal 23 is located at the rear side of the crown spring terminal of the second male tab terminal. All adopt the crown spring terminal, the structure is more stable.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 13, 14 and 16, the first male connector terminal 23 is a crown spring terminal, the second male connector terminal 24 is a metal dome, and the front end of the second male connector terminal 24 exceeds the first male connector terminal 23 by a predetermined length, and within the predetermined length exceeded, the second male connector terminal 24 protrudes inward by a predetermined height to form a second male connector contact portion 241. The second male connector terminal adopts the metal elastic sheet, so that the axial size of the male connector can be further reduced, and more importantly, the second male connector terminal can be universal with the structure of the existing single-loop male connector, namely, the second male connector terminal is communicated with the existing single-loop female connector, and the universalization is realized. When used with a female connector of a single loop, the formation of the single loop is: the female joint center terminal 12+ the male joint center terminal 22+ the first female joint terminal 13+ the first male joint terminal 23. Moreover, the male connector housing 25 may be disposed directly outside the second male connector terminal 24 without providing an additional terminal sheath. In this embodiment, referring to fig. 18, the second male connector terminal 24 is swaged onto the spacer insulator sleeve 212 by tail end.

The insulating base 211 has an insulating base center hole in which the male connector center terminal 22 is fitted. In other embodiments, the insulating base and the male connector central terminal may be secured together by injection molding, and the female connector central terminal is secured during injection molding of the insulating base. In the embodiment, the waterproof performance of the electric connector after the electric connector is matched meets the test requirement of IP 67.

In this embodiment, the internal structure of the male connector is similar to that of the male connector described in the second aspect, including the manner of fastening the first male connector terminal 23 to the insulating base 211, the manner of fastening the second male connector terminal 24 to the insulating sleeve 212, and the male connector housing 25 disposed in the male connector 2, which are similar to those of the male connector described in the second aspect, will not be repeated here.

In the implementation process, the male connector also adopts three pairs of conductive terminals, the three pairs of conductive terminals can form a double loop, the two loops can be suitable for more occasions, one of the two loops can be selected and used according to the needs, and the two loops can be simultaneously used. And the terminals adopt a central symmetrical annular structure, and the first male connector terminal 23 and the second male connector terminal 24 in the corresponding male connector 2 adopt two coaxial crown spring terminals or a mode of combining the crown spring terminals and the metal elastic pieces, so that the connection is more reliable after the female connector 1 and the male connector 2 are inserted.

In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides an electrical connector, see fig. 8, 9 and 13, 14, comprising a female connector as described in any of the embodiments of the fourth aspect and a male connector as described in any of the embodiments of the fifth aspect, also comprising three pairs of conductive terminals capable of forming a double loop: the female and male connector center terminals 12 and 22 are ground terminals, and the first loop is: the female joint center terminal 12+the male joint center terminal 22+the first female joint terminal 13+the first male joint terminal 23; the second loop is: the female joint center terminal 12+ the male joint center terminal 22+ the second female joint terminal 14+ the second male joint terminal 24. Besides the advantages of the double loops, as the first male connector contact part is positioned at the front side of the second male connector contact part in the axial direction of the male connector, and the first female connector contact part is positioned at the rear side of the second female connector contact part in the axial direction of the female connector, no splicing space is needed between the first female connector terminal and the second female connector terminal and between the first male connector terminal and the second male connector terminal, the radial size of the electric connector can be effectively reduced, and the adaptability to narrow space occasions is improved. In addition, the outer surface structures of the two sheath terminals of the female connector and the second male connector terminal adopt the improvement of the metal elastic sheet, so that the electric connector can be universal with the existing single-circuit connector on the market on the premise of realizing double circuits. That is, in this embodiment, two circuits can be used in addition to more applications, and one of the two circuits may be selected and used as needed, or two circuits may be used simultaneously. The electrical connector in this embodiment is also compatible with a two-terminal single-loop electrical connector.

It should be noted that the male connector and the female connector in the above description are only for convenience in distinguishing the two connectors, and are not limited to the two connectors of the coaxial connector having special application scenarios, and in other embodiments, the names of the male connector and the female connector may be interchanged.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (20)

1. The female connector is characterized in that the front end of the female connector (1) is a female connector plug-in end which is plugged with a male connector, the female connector (1) comprises a female connector insulator (11), a female connector central terminal (12), a first female connector terminal (13) sleeved on the periphery of the female connector central terminal (12) and a second female connector terminal (14) sleeved on the periphery of the first female connector terminal (13), the female connector central terminal (12), the first female connector terminal (13) and the second female connector terminal (14) are coaxially arranged on the female connector insulator (11), the female connector insulator (11) comprises a female connector insulator sheath (112) and a second female connector terminal supporting insulator (113), the female connector central terminal (12) is positioned in the female connector insulator sheath (112), and the first female connector terminal (13) is sleeved on the periphery of the female connector insulator sheath (112); the second female terminal support insulator (113) is provided between the first female terminal (13) and the second female terminal (14); the female joint center terminal (12) has a plug hole (121), the outer peripheral surface of the first female joint terminal (13) has a first female joint contact portion (131), and the outer peripheral surface of the second female joint terminal (14) has a second female joint contact portion (141).

2. The female connector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the free end of the first female connector terminal (13) extends beyond the free end of the second female connector terminal (14), the first female connector terminal (13) and the second female connector terminal (14) enclose a connector insertion space (16), and the insertion space (16) and the second female connector terminal support insulator (113) are arranged back and forth in the direction of insertion of the female connector (1).

3. The female connector is characterized in that the front end of the female connector (1) is a female connector plug end which is plugged with a male connector, the female connector (1) comprises a female connector insulator (11), a female connector central terminal (12), a first female connector terminal (13) sleeved on the periphery of the female connector central terminal (12) and a second female connector terminal (14) sleeved on the periphery of the first female connector terminal (13), the female connector central terminal (12), the first female connector terminal (13) and the second female connector terminal (14) are coaxially arranged on the female connector insulator (11), the female connector insulator (11) comprises a female connector insulator sheath (112), and the female connector central terminal (12) is positioned in the female connector insulator sheath (112); the first female connector terminal (13) is sleeved on the periphery of the female connector insulator sheath (112); a second female connector terminal supporting insulator (113) is arranged between the first female connector terminal (13) and the second female connector terminal (14); the female joint center terminal (12) is provided with a plug hole (121), the outer peripheral surface of the first female joint terminal (13) is provided with a first female joint contact part (131), and the outer peripheral surface of the second female joint terminal (14) is provided with a second female joint contact part (141); in the axial direction of the female joint (1), the first female joint contact portion (131) is located on the front side of the second female joint contact portion (141); the second female joint contact portion (141) and the second female joint terminal support insulator (113) are arranged in the radial direction of the female joint (1).

4. A female connector as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the first female connector terminal (13), the second female connector terminal (14) and the female connector insulator (11) form a stepped shape with three stepped faces, the first female connector terminal (13) forming a first stepped face, the second female connector terminal (14) forming a second stepped face and the female connector insulator (11) forming a third stepped face.

5. A female connector according to claim 3, characterized in that the first female connector terminal (13), the second female connector terminal (14) and the female connector insulator (11) form a step shape having two stepped surfaces, the first female connector terminal (13) forms a first stepped surface, the second female connector terminal (14) is provided with a stepped structure, the front end part of the second female connector terminal (14) protrudes out of the rear end part, the female connector insulator (11) is provided in a concave area of the rear end part of the second female connector terminal (14), and is located on a plane with the outer surface of the second female connector terminal (14) to jointly form a second stepped surface.

6. A female connector according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the female connector (1) further comprises a female connector housing (15) injection molded onto the female connector insulator (11).

7. The female connector as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first female connector terminal (13) and the second female connector terminal (14) are embedded in the female connector insulator (11), only the first female connector contact portion (131) of the first female connector terminal (13) is exposed, and only the second female connector contact portion (141) of the second female connector terminal (14) is exposed.

8. The female connector as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the female connector insulator (11) further comprises a second female connector terminal protective sleeve (114) sleeved on the periphery of the second female connector terminal (14), the second female connector terminal protective sleeve (114) is injection molded on the second female connector terminal (14) to be fixed with the second female connector terminal (14), and an annular clamping groove (111) is formed in the second female connector terminal protective sleeve (114).

9. The female connector as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the female connector central terminal (12) has a plurality of female connector prongs (122), at least a portion of the female connector mating hole (121) being surrounded by the plurality of female connector prongs (122).

10. The male connector is characterized in that the front end of the male connector (2) is a male connector inserting end which is inserted with the female connector in an opposite mode, the male connector (2) comprises a male connector insulator (21), a male connector central terminal (22), a first male connector terminal (23) sleeved on the periphery of the male connector central terminal (22) and a second male connector terminal (24) sleeved on the periphery of the first male connector terminal (23), and the male connector central terminal (22), the first male connector terminal (23) and the second male connector terminal (24) are coaxially arranged on the male connector insulator (21); the male connector insulator (21) comprises a separation insulating sleeve (212) arranged between a second male connector terminal (24) and a first male connector terminal (23), wherein a first insertion space (233) is formed between the first male connector terminal (23) and a male connector central terminal (22); the first male connector terminal (23) has a first male connector contact portion (231) on the inner peripheral surface, and the second male connector terminal (24) has a second male connector contact portion (241) on the inner peripheral surface.

11. The male connector of claim 10, wherein a second insertion space (243) is formed between the insulating spacer (212) and the second male connector terminal (24), the insulating spacer (212) and the first male connector terminal (23) being integrally inserted into the female connector, the first male connector terminal (23) being for an end opposite to the female connector to be in the second male connector terminal (24).

12. The male connector is characterized in that the front end of the male connector (2) is a male connector inserting end which is inserted with the female connector in an opposite mode, the male connector (2) comprises a male connector insulator (21), a male connector central terminal (22), a first male connector terminal (23) sleeved on the periphery of the male connector central terminal (22) and a second male connector terminal (24) sleeved on the periphery of the first male connector terminal (23), and the male connector central terminal (22), the first male connector terminal (23) and the second male connector terminal (24) are coaxially arranged on the male connector insulator (21); the male joint insulator (21) comprises a separation insulating sleeve (212) arranged between a second male joint terminal (24) and a first male joint terminal (23), wherein the inner peripheral surface of the first male joint terminal (23) is provided with a first male joint contact part (231), and the inner peripheral surface of the second male joint terminal (24) is provided with a second male joint contact part (241); the first male connector contact portion (231) is located at the rear side of the second male connector contact portion (241) in the axial direction of the male connector (2).

13. The male connector of claim 12, wherein the first male connector terminal (23) and the second male connector terminal (24) are crown spring terminals, and the crown spring terminal of the first male connector terminal (23) is located at a rear side of the crown spring terminal of the second male connector terminal.

14. The male connector of claim 12, wherein the first male connector terminal (23) is a crown spring terminal and the second male connector terminal (24) is a dome spring terminal, the front end of the second male connector terminal (24) exceeds the first male connector terminal (23) by a predetermined length, and within the predetermined length exceeded, the second male connector terminal (24) protrudes inward by a predetermined height to form a second male connector contact portion (241).

15. The male connector of claim 14, wherein the second male connector terminal (24) is secured by staking the tail ends.

16. The male connector of any of claims 10-15, wherein the male connector insulator (21) further comprises an insulating base (211), the rear end of the spacer insulating sleeve (212) is fixed to the insulating base (211), the male connector center terminal (22) and the first male connector terminal (23) are fixed to the insulating base (211), and the rear end of the second male connector terminal (24) is sleeved on the spacer insulating sleeve (212) and is clamped and fixed with the spacer insulating sleeve (212).

17. The male connector of any one of claims 10-13, further comprising a terminal sheath (26) and a male connector housing (25), the terminal sheath (26) being fitted over the spaced apart insulating sleeve (212) and covering the second male connector terminal (24), the male connector housing (25) being injection molded over the male connector insulator (21) and the terminal sheath (26), the male connector housing (25) comprising a protective sleeve (251) covering the male connector insulator (21), one end opening of the protective sleeve (251) being for insertion of the female connector (1), one end of the protective sleeve (251) being provided with an annular projection (252) inside.

18. The male connector of claim 14, further comprising a male connector housing (25), the male connector housing (25) being injection molded over the male connector insulator (21) and the second male connector terminal (24), the male connector housing (25) comprising a boot (251) covering the male connector insulator (21), an opening in one end of the boot (251) for insertion of the female connector (1), an annular protrusion (252) being provided inside one end of the boot (251) for insertion of the female connector (1).

19. An electrical connector comprising a female connector (1) according to any one of claims 1-2 and a male connector (2) according to any one of claims 10-11, wherein after the male connector (2) is plugged into the female connector (1), the first female connector terminal (13) and the female connector insulator sheath (112) are integrally inserted into the first insertion space (233), the second female connector terminal (14) is inserted into the second insertion space (243), and the inner peripheral surface of the second female connector terminal (14) is in contact with the insulating spacer (212); the insulation sleeve (212) and the first male joint terminal (23) are separated as a whole to be inserted into the joint insertion space (16); the male connector central terminal (22) is inserted into the plug hole (121) of the female connector to conduct contact, the first female connector terminal (13) is in contact with the first male connector contact part (231) through the first female connector contact part (131), the second female connector terminal (14) is in contact with the second male connector contact part (241) through the second female connector contact part (141), and the first male connector terminal (23) is in contact with the first male connector contact part (231).

20. An electrical connector, characterized by comprising a female connector (1) according to any one of claims 3-5 and a male connector (2) according to any one of claims 12-15, wherein after the male connector (2) is plugged into place with the female connector (1), the male connector central terminal (22) is inserted into the plugging hole (121) of the female connector to be in contact with electrical conduction, the conduction between the first female connector terminal (13) and the first male connector terminal (23) is in contact with the first male connector contact portion (231) through the first female connector contact portion (131), and the conduction between the second female connector terminal (14) and the second male connector terminal (24) is in contact with the second male connector contact portion (241) through the second female connector contact portion (141).