CN118201095A

CN118201095A - Transmission method, device, terminal and network equipment

Info

Publication number: CN118201095A
Application number: CN202211600298.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭俊杰; 黄伟; 简荣灵; 姜大洁
Original assignee: Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Current assignee: Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-12
Filing date: 2022-12-12
Publication date: 2024-06-14
Also published as: WO2024125400A1

Abstract

The application discloses a transmission method, a transmission device, a terminal and network side equipment, which belong to the technical field of communication, and the transmission method of the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: the first equipment receives a first signal from the second equipment, wherein the first signal carries information to be transmitted of the second equipment; the first device performs any one of: determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device based on the first signal; transmitting a first message to a third device, the first message carrying at least part of the content of the first signal, the at least part of the content being used to determine a first channel response from the target device through the second device to the first device; the first channel response is used to determine a first symbol with a second channel response, which is a channel response that the first device or a third device determines from a third signal for channel estimation that the second device transmitted from the target device to the first device via the second device, the third signal being a signal that the second device transmitted based on a fourth signal received from the target device.

Description

Transmission method, device, terminal and network equipment

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a transmission method, a transmission device, a terminal and network side equipment.

Background

In a conventional backscatter communication system, a plurality of backscatter communication (Backscatter Communication, BSC) devices use fully orthogonal resource access channels to transmit data, such as when using time division multiple access (Time division multiple access, TDMA), the next BSC device needs to wait until the last BSC device has completed transmission before starting to complete. In particular, in order to obtain a transmission opportunity, the BSC apparatus needs to send a contention packet to the reader/writer (or access point) before performing the formal data transmission, and cannot obtain resources for performing the subsequent data transmission until the contention packet is correctly and uniquely identified. Obviously, when the number of BSC devices is large and the amount of data to be transmitted is large, this access mode is extremely inefficient. Therefore, the prior art has a problem that the efficiency of the BSC apparatus transmission is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a transmission method, a transmission device, a terminal and network side equipment, which can solve the problem of lower transmission efficiency of BSC equipment.

In a first aspect, a transmission method is provided, including:

The method comprises the steps that first equipment receives a first signal from second equipment, wherein the first signal is a signal sent based on a second signal or a fourth signal received from target equipment, the first signal carries a first symbol, the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second equipment, and the target equipment comprises the first equipment or third equipment;

the first device performs a first operation comprising any one of:

Determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device based on the first signal;

transmitting a first message to the third device, the first message carrying at least part of the content of the first signal, the at least part of the content being used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device;

The first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, and the second channel response is determined by the first device or the third device according to a third signal for channel estimation, wherein the third signal is transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device, and the channel response reaches the first device from the target device through the second device.

In a second aspect, a transmission method is provided, including:

the second device receives a second signal or a fourth signal from a target device, the target device comprising the first device or a third device;

The second device sends a first signal to the first device based on the second signal or the fourth signal, wherein the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device;

Wherein the first signal is used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device, the first channel response is used to determine the first symbol with a second channel response, the second channel response is used to determine a channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, the third signal is a signal transmitted by the second device based on the fourth signal received from the target device.

In a third aspect, a transmission method is provided, including:

the third device sends a second signal and/or a fourth signal to the second device, wherein the second signal or the fourth signal is used for a first signal sent to the first device, the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device;

the third device performs a second operation from the first device, the second operation comprising any one of:

Receiving a first channel response from the first device that is determined to reach the first device from the third device through the second device based on the first signal;

Receiving a first message from the first device and determining a first channel response from the third device to the first device via the second device based on the first message;

The first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, the second channel response is that the first device or the third device determines a channel response reaching the first device from the third device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, and the third signal is that the second device sends based on a fourth signal received from the third device.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided a transmission apparatus comprising:

The first receiving module is used for receiving a first signal from second equipment, wherein the first signal is a signal sent based on the second signal received from target equipment, the first signal carries a first symbol, the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second equipment, and the target equipment comprises first equipment or third equipment;

A first execution module for executing a first operation, the first operation comprising any one of:

In a fifth aspect, there is provided a transmission apparatus comprising: a second receiving module for receiving a second signal from a target device, the target device comprising a first device or a third device;

the second sending module is used for sending a first signal to the first device based on the second signal, wherein the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device;

Wherein the first signal is used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device, the first channel response is used to determine the first symbol with a second channel response, the second channel response is used to determine a channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, the third signal is a signal transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device.

In a sixth aspect, there is provided a transmission apparatus comprising: the third sending module is used for sending a second signal to the second equipment, wherein the second signal is used for sending a first signal to the first equipment, the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second equipment;

A second execution module for executing a second operation from the first device, the second operation comprising any one of:

Receiving a first channel response from the first device that is determined to reach the first device from a third device via the second device based on the first signal;

In a seventh aspect, there is provided a terminal comprising a processor and a memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions implementing the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or implementing the steps of the method according to the second aspect, or implementing the steps of the method according to the third aspect when executed by the processor.

In an eighth aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein,

In the case that the terminal is a first device, the communication interface is configured to receive a first signal from a second device, where the first signal is a signal sent based on the second signal received from a target device, and the first signal carries a first symbol, where the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device, and the target device includes the first device or a third device; the processor is configured to perform a first operation, the first operation comprising any one of: determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device based on the first signal; transmitting a first message to the third device, the first message carrying at least part of the content of the first signal, the at least part of the content being used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device; the first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, and the second channel response is determined by the first device or the third device according to a third signal for channel estimation, wherein the third signal is transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device, and the channel response reaches the first device from the target device through the second device.

The communication interface is used for receiving a second signal from a target device in the case that the terminal is a second device, wherein the target device comprises a first device or a third device; transmitting a first signal to the first device based on the second signal, wherein the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device; wherein the first signal is used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device, the first channel response is used to determine the first symbol with a second channel response, the second channel response is used to determine a channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, the third signal is a signal transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device.

In the case that the terminal is a third device, the communication interface is configured to send a second signal to a second device, where the second signal is a first signal sent to a first device, where the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device; a processor is configured to perform a second operation from the first device, the second operation comprising any one of: receiving a first channel response from the first device that is determined to reach the first device from a third device via the second device based on the first signal; receiving a first message from the first device and determining a first channel response from the third device to the first device via the second device based on the first message; the first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, the second channel response is that the first device or the third device determines a channel response reaching the first device from the third device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, and the third signal is that the second device sends based on a fourth signal received from the third device.

In a ninth aspect, a network side device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions implementing the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or implementing the steps of the method according to the second aspect, or implementing the steps of the method according to the third aspect.

In a tenth aspect, a network-side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein,

In the case that the network side device is a first device, the communication interface is configured to receive a first signal from a second device, where the first signal is a signal sent based on a second signal received from a target device, and the first signal carries a first symbol, where the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device, and the target device includes the first device or a third device; the processor is configured to perform a first operation, the first operation comprising any one of: determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device based on the first signal; transmitting a first message to the third device, the first message carrying at least part of the content of the first signal, the at least part of the content being used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device; the first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, and the second channel response is determined by the first device or the third device according to a third signal for channel estimation, wherein the third signal is transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device, and the channel response reaches the first device from the target device through the second device.

The communication interface is used for receiving a second signal from target equipment under the condition that the network side equipment is second equipment, and the target equipment comprises first equipment or third equipment; transmitting a first signal to the first device based on the second signal, wherein the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device; wherein the first signal is used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device, the first channel response is used to determine the first symbol with a second channel response, the second channel response is used to determine a channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, the third signal is a signal transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device.

In the case that the network side device is a third device, the communication interface is configured to send a second signal to a second device, where the second signal is a first signal sent to a first device, and the first signal carries a first symbol, where the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device; a processor is configured to perform a second operation from the first device, the second operation comprising any one of: receiving a first channel response from the first device that is determined to reach the first device from a third device via the second device based on the first signal; receiving a first message from the first device and determining a first channel response from the third device to the first device via the second device based on the first message; the first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, the second channel response is that the first device or the third device determines a channel response reaching the first device from the third device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, and the third signal is that the second device sends based on a fourth signal received from the third device.

In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a communication system comprising: a first device operable to perform the steps of the transmission method as described in the first aspect, a second device operable to perform the steps of the transmission method as described in the second aspect, and a third device operable to perform the steps of the transmission method as described in the third aspect.

In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a readable storage medium having stored thereon a program or instructions which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or performs the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or performs the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

In a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor being coupled, the processor being adapted to run a program or instructions, to carry out the steps of the method according to the first aspect, or to carry out the steps of the method according to the second aspect, or to carry out the steps of the method according to the third aspect.

In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a computer program/program product stored in a storage medium, the computer program/program product being executable by at least one processor to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or to perform the steps of the method as described in the second aspect, or to perform the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

In the embodiment of the application, a first signal is received from a second device through a first device, wherein the first signal is a signal sent based on a second signal or a fourth signal received from a target device, the first signal carries a first symbol, the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, and the target device comprises the first device or a third device; the first device performs a first operation comprising any one of: determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device based on the first signal; transmitting a first message to the third device, the first message carrying at least part of the content of the first signal, the at least part of the content being used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device; the first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, and the second channel response is determined by the first device or the third device according to a third signal for channel estimation, wherein the third signal is transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device, and the channel response reaches the first device from the target device through the second device. In this way, different channel responses are determined by using the time delay differences of different second devices, and corresponding information to be transmitted is obtained based on channel response demodulation, so that multiple devices can be allowed to share the same physical resource for parallel concurrent transmission, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture to which embodiments of the present application are applicable;

FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a single base transmission scenario in which embodiments of the present application may be employed;

FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram of a dual base transmission scenario in which embodiments of the present application may be employed;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of a conventional communication scenario;

FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram of a BSC communication scenario;

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of another transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a flow chart of another transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a block diagram of another transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a block diagram of still another transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 12 is a block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a block diagram of a network side device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application, fall within the scope of protection of the application.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein, and that the "first" and "second" distinguishing between objects generally are not limited in number to the extent that the first object may, for example, be one or more. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/" generally means a relationship in which the associated object is an "or" before and after.

The term "indicated" in the description and claims of the present application may be either an explicit indication or an implicit indication. The explicit indication may be understood as that the sender explicitly informs the receiver of the operation or request result that needs to be performed in the sent indication; the implicit indication is understood as that the receiving side judges according to the indication sent by the sending side, and determines the operation or the request result to be executed according to the judging result.

It should be noted that the techniques described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE)/LTE evolution (LTE-Advanced, LTE-a) systems, but may also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA), time division multiple access (Time Division Multiple Access, TDMA), frequency division multiple access (Frequency Division Multiple Access, FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access, SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in embodiments of the application are often used interchangeably, and the techniques described may be used for both the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for exemplary purposes and NR terminology is used in much of the following description, but these techniques may also be applied to applications other than NR system applications, such as6 th Generation (6G) communication systems.

Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network device 12. The terminal 11 may be a Mobile phone, a tablet Computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a Laptop (Laptop Computer) or a terminal-side device called a notebook, a Personal digital assistant (Personal DIGITAL ASSISTANT, PDA), a palm Computer, a netbook, an ultra-Mobile Personal Computer (ultra-Mobile Personal Computer, UMPC), a Mobile internet appliance (Mobile INTERNET DEVICE, MID), an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR)/Virtual Reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), a vehicle-mounted device (VUE), a pedestrian terminal (PUE), a smart home (home device with a wireless communication function, such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine, a furniture, etc.), a game machine, a Personal Computer (Personal Computer, a PC), a teller machine, or a self-service machine, etc., and the wearable device includes: intelligent wrist-watch, intelligent bracelet, intelligent earphone, intelligent glasses, intelligent ornament (intelligent bracelet, intelligent ring, intelligent necklace, intelligent anklet, intelligent foot chain etc.), intelligent wrist strap, intelligent clothing etc.. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The network-side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, where the access network device may also be referred to as a radio access network device, a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN), a radio access network function, or a radio access network element. The access network device may include a base station, a WLAN access Point, a WiFi node, or the like, where the base station may be referred to as a node B, an evolved node B (eNB), an access Point, a base transceiver station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a Basic service set (Basic SERVICE SET, BSS), an Extended service set (Extended SERVICE SET, ESS), a home node B, a home evolved node B, a transmission and reception Point (TRANSMITTING RECEIVING Point, TRP), or some other suitable term in the art, and the base station is not limited to a specific technical vocabulary so long as the same technical effect is achieved, and it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is described by way of example, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

For ease of understanding, some of the following descriptions are directed to embodiments of the present application:

1. And BSC.

Backscatter communication refers to that backscatter communication devices use radio frequency signals in other devices or environments to perform signal modulation to transmit their own information, and is a typical passive internet of things device.

The back scattering communication transmitting end basically comprises modules and main functions, wherein the modules comprise:

an antenna unit: for receiving radio frequency signals, control commands, and for transmitting modulated backscatter signals;

An energy harvesting module or an energy supply module: the module is used for radio frequency energy collection by the backscatter communication equipment, or other energy collection including but not limited to solar energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, thermal energy, etc.; in addition, the energy collection module may also include a battery powered module, where the backscatter communications device is a semi-passive device; the energy collection module or the energy supply module supplies power to all other modules in the equipment;

And (3) a microcontroller: the method comprises the steps of controlling baseband signal processing, energy storage or data scheduling states, switching, system synchronization and the like;

A signal receiving module: control command or data and the like sent by a receiving end of the back scattering communication or other network nodes are demodulated;

Channel coding and modulation module: channel coding and signal modulation are carried out under the control of a controller, and modulation is realized by selecting different load impedances under the control of the controller through a selection switch;

Memory or sensing module: for storing ID information, location information, or sensing data of the device, etc.

In addition to the above-described typical constituent modules, the future backscatter communication transmitter may even integrate a tunnel diode amplifier module, a low noise amplifier module, or the like for improving the reception sensitivity and transmission power of the transmitter.

The backscatter communication receiver, such as a conventional radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) system, is a reader, and its basic constituent modules and main functions include:

an antenna unit: for receiving the modulated backscatter signal;

A backscatter signal detection module: namely, the method is used for detecting the back scattering signal sent by a sending end, and comprises Amplitude keying (Amplitude SHIFT KEYING, ASK) detection, phase shift keying (PHASE SHIFT KEYING, PSK) detection, frequency shift keying (Frequency-SHIFT KEYING, FSK) detection, quadrature Amplitude modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM) detection and the like;

demodulation decoding module: the detected signal is demodulated and decoded to recover the original information stream.

2. A monostatic backscatter communication system (Monostatic Backscatter Communication System, MBCSs).

MBCS as shown in fig. 2, a conventional RFID system is a typical MBCS, and the system includes a BSC transmitting end (such as Tag) and a Reader. The reader/writer comprises an RF source and a BSC receiver, wherein the RF source is used for generating an RF signal so as to power the BSC transmitter/Tag. The BSC transmitting end receives the back scattered signal by back scattering the modulated RF signal, and then carries out signal demodulation. The RF source and BSC receiver are in the same device, such as the Reader herein, and thus become a single-station backscatter communication system. In MBCSs systems, MBCS systems are typically used for short-range backscatter communications, such as conventional RFID applications, because the RF signal sent from the BSC's sender experiences double near-far effects due to signal attenuation of the round-trip signal, and thus the energy attenuation of the signal is large.

3. A bistatic backscatter communication system (Bistatic Backscatter Communication Systems, BBCSs).

Unlike MBCS systems, the RF radio source, BSC transmitting device, and BSC receiving device in BBCS systems are separate, as shown in fig. 3. Thus BBCS avoids the problem of large round trip signal attenuation, and further improves the performance of BBCS communications systems by reasonable placement of RF sources. Notably, the ambient backscatter communication system (Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems, ABCSs) is also one of the bistatic backscatter communication, but the radio frequency source in the ABCS system may be a dedicated signal radio frequency source with the radio frequency source in the BBCS system, such as: television towers, cellular base stations, wiFi signals, bluetooth signals, etc.

4. Multiple access.

Multiple access is also called multiuser access, and aims to enable multiple users to access a base station (or access point) simultaneously for communication, and simultaneously ensure that signals between the users do not interfere with each other, and successfully detect signals sent by the users. Common multiple access is frequency division multiple access (Frequency Division Multiple Access, FDMA), time division multiple access (Time Division Multiple Access, TDMA) and code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA).

5. Multiple access for RFID.

RFID is a conventional backscatter communication system, and the main design goal is to identify the ID and read the data of BSC devices (i.e., tags) within the coverage of a reader-writer. Since RFID was originally applied to automated inventory of a large number of goods, the process of identifying tags and reading data is also known as inventory.

Take the EPC C C1G2 RFID system defined in ISO 18000-6C as an example. After the reader sends a Query (Query) instruction, the Tag responds (Reply) by taking the Reply as RN16 as an example, and the Tag generates a 16-bit random number and sends the random number to the reader. And then the reader sends the sequence to the Tag through an ACK instruction, and after the Tag successfully verifies the RN16 in the ACK, the reader sends subsequent data (such as PC/XPC, EPC and the like) to the reader.

For a scenario where there are multiple tags, RFID needs to inventory the multiple tags in a manner that incorporates a TDMA for contention access. Also taking an EPC C1G2 RFID system as an example, the specific flow is as follows:

1. The reader-writer sends a Select command to Select the Tag to be inventoried;

2. The reader sends a Query command to start a round of inventory, and the Query indicates a Q value;

3. all tags generate a random integer in the range of [0,2Q-1] as the initial value of the counter;

Tag checking if the counter is 0;

Tag transmit Reply with a counter of 0 (if there is a Tag with a counter of 0), comprising a randomly generated 16-bit random number, denoted RN16;

6a. (if the reader decodes the RN16 successfully), the reader sends an ACK command containing the RN16 and a 2bits command field;

The tag receives the ACK and checks whether the RN16 contained in the ACK is the RN16 previously transmitted;

checking (if the RN16 is correct) that the correct Tag of the RN16 sends data to be reported, such as PC, XPC, EPC or other data, to the reader/writer, and the Tag inventory is completed;

Tag to check RN16 error (if RN16 error) set self counter to maximum;

6b. (if the reader fails to decode RN 16), the reader sends a NAK command;

9. if the Tag receiving the NAK command transmits a Reply at the last adjacent timing, the self counter is set to the maximum value

The reader sends a QueryRep command (if the Tag-free counter is 0);

10. The Tag receiving the QueryRep command will itself counter-1;

11. the reader/writer may optionally send a QueryAdjust command to reconfigure a Q value

12. Receiving a QueryAdjust command and randomly selecting an integer from the range of [0,2 ^Q -1] as a counter by the Tag of the unfinished inventory;

13. Repeating the steps 4-12 until all the Tag inventory is completed.

In short, in this multiple access mode, the Tag needs to repeatedly send the RN16 until the RN16 is correctly and uniquely identified by the reader, and the subsequent reader then sends data on the exclusive channel indicated by the RN 16. In this way, the transmitting RN16 itself is prone to transmission failure due to resource collision, resulting in preemption failure of subsequent data transmission opportunities, and the data transmission opportunities are exclusive, resulting in large time overhead of the round robin transmission opportunities in the case of multiple devices.

6. The basic principle of multiple access is based on a time delay domain.

As shown in fig. 4, in a conventional communication system having a Transmitter (Tx) and a Receiver (Rx), if there are a plurality of reflectors (such as walls) between Tx and Rx, a signal transmitted from Tx reaches Rx after being reflected by the reflectors, and the delay of the signal reaching Rx through each path after being transmitted from Tx also varies due to the difference in distance between each reflector and Tx. Taking the simplest case as an example, consider that there are no direct paths of Tx-Rx, and there are I reflection paths in total, and the delays are all different, and can be denoted as τ ₁＜τ₂＜...＜τ_I in ascending order. Then, at time t, the overall channel response can be expressed as:

Wherein h _i (t) represents the gain value of the i-th path to the signal at the time t, and the reflector has only attenuation effect on the signal under the general condition, so that h _i (t) is more than 0 and less than 1; delta (τ) is an impulse function. If the gain value of each path to the signal is time-invariant, or slowly varying, then c (τ; t) can be reduced to:

At this time, as shown in fig. 5, if the reflector is replaced with a device having a signal modulating capability, such as a BSC device, when the signal sent by Tx reaches the BSC device, the BSC device can modulate its own transmission symbol x _i onto the original h _i by adjusting the reflection coefficient, that is:

Where h _i corresponds to the gain value of the i-th path when the i-th BSC device does not modulate the symbol (typically, the maximum reflection coefficient, such as total reflection, is used, i.e., the reflection coefficient with an absolute value of 1 is selected).

It will be appreciated that when c (τ) and c' (τ) are known, the symbol x _i modulated by each BSC device may be obtained by comparing the gain values corresponding to each path. Since each path can be distinguished by a delay and there is a correspondence relationship with the BSC apparatus (in an ideal case, paths are in one-to-one correspondence with the BSC apparatus), this multi-user access manner may be referred to as a delay domain multiple access.

In a conventional communication system, the process of obtaining the channel response c (τ) is a process of performing channel estimation. In general, tx transmits a training sequence known to Rx, and the Rx compares the difference between the received sequence after passing through the channel and the original sequence to reversely derive a specific value of the channel response. In the simplest case, the signal bandwidth W of the Tx transmission may be greater than the inverse of the arbitrary path delay difference (or the symbol interval T _s is less than the arbitrary path delay difference), i.e.,Or (b)At this time, if Rx is similarly sampled at symbol interval T _s, then sampling c (τ) at interval T _s is equivalent to obtaining a discrete-time channel response:

h＝[h₁,...,h₂,...,...,h_I]；

Wherein, And the remainder is 0, the total length is/>If the training sequence is d= [ d ₁,d₂,...,d_L ], the length is L, then the sequence received by Rx is:

r_d＝d*h+n；

wherein, represents linear convolution operation, and the length of r _d is N is a noise sequence of length consistent with r _c. Since Rx is known as d, h can be obtained by deconvoluting r _d, denoising, etc. (only an estimate of h can be obtained in practice due to the presence of noise, but for ease of description, a perfect estimate is assumed here).

Alternatively, in the extreme case, the training sequence may have only one symbol, which may reduce the overhead, but also reduce the estimation accuracy.

Alternatively, if interference cancellation or interference cancellation is not perfect, an additional non-zero value will appear in h, representing the signal gain value of the line-of-Sight (Los) path (or self-interference path) of the signal from Tx to Rx, which does not affect the effectiveness of the scheme, but is assumed here to be 0 for convenience of description.

Optionally, in the above procedure, the signal sent by Tx carries a training sequence. There are two special cases:

Case 1: the Tx transmits only one continuous carrier (Continous Wave, CW) and then the training sequence is self-modulated and back-scattered by the BSC device based on the CW, in other words, the training sequence may be generated by the BSC device back-scattering the CW instead of the Tx. In particular, in data transmission, the signal that the BSC device needs to modulate and backscatter is actually the product of the training sequence and the symbols to be transmitted.

Case 2: furthermore, if the "reflecting" device has active carrier signal generation capability, tx may not even send any information, and only the device needs to generate the training sequence according to a certain rule. Likewise, in data transmission, the signal that the device needs to generate is the product of the training sequence and the symbol to be transmitted.

Similarly, when the BSC device modulates the symbols, the corresponding discrete time channel response can be obtained by adopting the method as described above:

h′＝[x₁h₁,...,x₂h₂,...,...,x_Ih_I]；

The modulation symbol x ₁,...,x_I for the BSC device is then obtained by dividing the non-zero elements of h' and h.

It should be understood that once the training sequence is transmitted by Tx, the BSC device may modulate a symbol, and after transmitting a training sequence, it needs to wait for the sequence to reach Rx through all paths before transmitting the next sequence (strictly speaking, it needs to wait τ _I-τ₁ after the Tx transmission ends before starting the next transmission), so as to prevent the BSC device from generating aliasing on the symbols modulated by the next sequence for the symbols modulated by other BSC devices. For this reason, there are two problems:

τ _I-τ₁ may be much longer than the total duration of the transmitted training sequence;

the BSC device can only modulate 1 symbol per training sequence.

The rate at which the BSC device modulates the symbols is slow for both of the above problems. Therefore, further consideration is needed:

Continuous transmission of training sequence (Tx not waiting);

the training sequence segmentation, namely, the training sequence with the original length L is divided into a plurality of subsequences, which are equivalent to that k training sequence symbols (the subsequence length is k) correspond to 1 BSC device modulation symbol.

Optionally, consider that i=2, l=4, k=2, the discrete time channel response vector when the bsc device is not modulating symbols is:

h＝[h₁,h₂]；

The symbol modulated at m-th (i.e., mth) by the i-th BSC device (i.e., the ith BSC device) (corresponding to the training sub-sequence of length 2 at m-th (i.e., mth)) is noted as The training sequence of l=4 is divided into two k=2 subsequences denoted d ₁＝[d₁,d₂ ] and d ₂＝[d₃,d₄ ]; the received sequence is denoted r _d＝[r₉,...,r₁. Then, the relationship between r _d and d ₁、d₂, h and modulation symbols can be expressed as:

since r _d and d ₁、d₂, h are known (assuming h has been obtained by channel estimation), 9 equations can be listed based on the above-described relationship between r _d and d ₁、d₂, h and modulation symbols, solving for the 4 symbols modulated by 2 BSC devices, respectively.

The above equation is expressed in terms of a time domain convolution, another more convenient expression is the z-transform domain:

Wherein R _D (z) is the z-transform expression of R _d; d ^(m) (z) is the z-transform of the training sequence used for the m-th modulation symbol, such as ,D⁽¹⁾(z)＝D⁽³⁾(z)＝1+d₁z^-1+d₂z^-2,D⁽²⁾(z)＝D⁽⁴⁾(z)＝1+d₃z^-1+d₄z^-2;H^(m)(z) in the above example for the BSC device m-th modulation symbol along with the corresponding z-transform of the own channel, such as in the above example, Similarly, based on the coefficients of the z-order terms on both sides of equation (1), a set of equations may be listed to obtain the sign of the BSC device modulation.

In summary, the multiple access mode based on the time delay domain is an efficient multi-user communication mode suitable for the BSC, which utilizes multipath naturally generated by the BSC device (or communication device with the equivalent effect of "reflection/scattering"), and Rx realizes detection of the modulation symbol of the BSC device according to the corresponding relationship between multipath time delay and the BSC device. The advantages are that: on the one hand, no additional synchronization operation is needed on the BSC equipment side (for example, the arrival time of all equipment which is needed to be accessed by the traditional TDMA is accurately synchronized at Rx, TA and other operations are needed to be carried out, so that the complexity of the BSC equipment is reduced; on the other hand, the BSC device can communicate by using the same physical resources (time domain, frequency domain and code domain), so that the access capacity and the frequency spectrum efficiency of the system can be improved.

The transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail below through some embodiments and application scenarios thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method, as shown in fig. 6, including:

Step 601, a first device receives a first signal from a second device, where the first signal is a signal sent based on a second signal or a fourth signal received from a target device, and the first signal carries a first symbol, where the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, and the target device includes the first device or a third device;

step 602, the first device performs a first operation, where the first operation includes any one of the following:

In the embodiment of the present application, specific types of the first device, the second device, and the third device may be set according to actual needs, for example, the first device is a base station, a reader, a terminal device, or a relay; the second device is a backscatter device, a terminal device or a relay; the third device is a base station, a reader, a terminal device or a relay.

Optionally, for a single-base communication scenario, the target device is a first device; for the dual-base communication scenario, the target device is a third device.

It should be noted that the fourth signal and the second signal may be two independent signals, and the fourth signal may be an enhanced signal combined with the second signal, that is, the fourth signal includes a part of the content of the second signal.

It should be understood that the third signal is a channel estimation signal, and the first signal may be understood as a data transmission signal for transmitting information to be transmitted by the second device. For a single-base communication scenario, the second channel response may be determined by the first device based on the third signal, the first channel response may be determined based on the first signal, and then the first symbol transmitted by the second device may be determined based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

For a dual-base communication scenario, the second channel response may be determined by the first device or the third device based on the third signal, the first channel response may be determined based on the first signal, and finally the first symbol transmitted by the second device may be determined based on the first channel response and the second channel response. The device for determining the channel response may be the same as or different from the device for determining the first symbol, which is not further limited herein.

Alternatively, the first channel response and the second channel response may include a gain value and a delay.

In the embodiment of the application, a first signal is received from a second device through a first device, wherein the first signal is a signal sent based on a second signal or a fourth signal received from a target device, the first signal carries a first symbol, the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, and the target device comprises the first device or a third device; the first device performs a first operation comprising any one of: determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device based on the first signal; transmitting a first message to the third device, the first message carrying at least part of the content of the first signal, the at least part of the content being used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device; the first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, and the second channel response is determined by the first device or the third device according to a third signal for channel estimation, wherein the third signal is transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device, and the channel response reaches the first device from the target device through the second device. In this way, different channel responses are determined by using the time delay differences of different second devices, and corresponding information to be transmitted is obtained based on channel response demodulation, so that multiple devices can be allowed to share the same physical resource for parallel concurrent transmission, and the transmission efficiency is improved. In addition, no additional synchronous operation is needed on the equipment side, so that the implementation complexity of the equipment is reduced; meanwhile, the access capacity and the spectrum efficiency of the system can be improved. In summary, in the embodiment of the application, the embodiment of the application can improve the probability of success of access and reduce the cost of time delay, energy consumption and the like, no matter in an initial access stage or a formal data transmission stage.

Optionally, in some embodiments, after the determining, according to the first signal, a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device, the method further includes any one of:

the first device obtains the first symbol according to the first channel response and the second channel response;

the first device transmits the first channel response to the third device.

In the embodiment of the application, aiming at a single-base communication scene: the first device may first send a fourth signal to the second device, which may send a third signal to the first device in a second configuration based on the fourth signal, and the first device may obtain a second channel response based on the third signal.

Further, in the case where the fourth signal and the second signal may be two signals independent of each other, the first device may transmit the second signal after completing channel estimation, and the second device may transmit the first signal in the first configuration based on the second signal. In the case where the fourth signal is an enhanced signal, the second device transmits the first signal in a second configuration based on the fourth signal.

And finally, after the first device obtains the first channel response based on the first signal, obtaining information to be transmitted of the second device based on the first channel response and the second channel response, namely obtaining the first symbol.

For a bistatic communication scenario: the third device may first send a fourth signal to the second device, which may send the third signal to the first device in the second configuration based on the fourth signal, and the first device may obtain a second channel response based on the third signal.

Further, in the case where the fourth signal and the second signal may be two signals independent of each other, the first device may transmit the second signal by the third device after completing channel estimation, and the second device may transmit the first signal in the first configuration based on the second signal. In the case where the fourth signal is an enhanced signal, the second device transmits the first signal in a second configuration based on the fourth signal.

Finally, after the first device obtains a first channel response based on the first signal, obtaining information to be transmitted of the second device based on the first channel response and the second channel response, namely obtaining a first symbol; or sending the first channel response to the third device, and obtaining, by the third device, information to be transmitted of the second device based on the first channel response and the second channel response, i.e. obtaining the first symbol. Wherein the first device also needs to send a second channel response to the third device in case the information to be transmitted of the second device is determined by the third device.

Optionally, in some embodiments, after the first device sends the first channel response to the third device, the method further comprises:

The first device receives the first symbol obtained by the third device based on the first channel response and the second channel response from the third device.

In the embodiment of the application, after the third device obtains the first symbol based on the first channel response and the second channel response, the third device may send the first symbol to the first device.

Optionally, in some embodiments, after the sending the first message to the third device, the method further includes any one of:

the first device receives the first channel response determined by the third device from the third device, and obtains the first symbol according to the first channel response and the second channel response;

the first device receives the first symbol determined by the third device from the third device.

In the embodiment of the application, in the case that the third device determines the first channel response, the second channel response may also be determined by the third device. At this time, the determination of the first symbol may be determined by the third device or may be determined by the first device, and in the case of being determined by the third device, the third device may directly obtain the first symbol based on the determined first channel response and the determined second channel response, and send the first symbol to the first device; in the case of determining the first symbol by the first device, the third device may transmit the first channel response and the second channel response to the first device, thereby obtaining the first symbol by the first device based on the seismograph channel response and the second channel response.

Optionally, in some embodiments, after the obtaining the first symbol according to the first channel response and the second channel response, the method further includes:

The first device sends a second message to the third device, where the second message is used to carry the first symbol.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the determining, from the first signal, a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device includes:

Determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device based on the first signal and a first parameter;

Wherein the first parameter is a parameter for receiving the first signal.

Optionally, the first parameter includes at least one of:

The content of the third symbol;

A third signal transmits a modulation mode of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits the length or number of symbols of the third symbol;

A third signal transmits a symbol interval of a third symbol;

a third signal transmits a waveform of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits a center frequency of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits a bandwidth of a third symbol;

at least part of the content of a first configuration, the first configuration being for transmitting the first signal;

wherein the third symbol is used to generate the first signal.

Optionally, the modulation mode may include PSK, on-Off Keying (OOK), FSK, and the like.

Alternatively, the waveform of the third symbol may include a square wave, a roll-off cosine wave, a sine wave, and the like of a single carrier; multicarrier orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Orthogonal frequency division multiplex,OFDM)、(Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,DFT-S-OFDM)、 orthogonal time-frequency space (Orthogonal Time Frequency Space, OTFS) may also be included.

Optionally, the first configuration includes at least one of:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

an interval of time between the first signal and an end time of the first portion of the second signal;

An interval of the first signal from an end time of the first portion of the fourth signal or an interval of the first signal from an end time of the second portion of the fourth signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

a center frequency of the first signal or a frequency offset of the first signal from a particular reference signal;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Whether first indication information of a third symbol is autonomously generated by the second device according to a first radio frequency signal in the second signal;

the first target information is used for autonomously generating a third symbol according to a first radio frequency signal in the second signal;

The target identification information is used for representing the end of the first signal or the end of the transmission of the information to be transmitted;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

Wherein a first portion of the second signal is used to instruct the second device to start transmitting the first signal, a first portion of the fourth signal is used to instruct the second device to start transmitting the third signal, and a second portion of the second signal is used to generate the third signal.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first configuration may be indicated by the second signal or the fourth symbol, or may be defined by a protocol, which is not further limited herein.

Optionally, the first target information may include at least one of: the content of the fifth symbol, the interval of the fifth symbol, the modulation scheme of the fifth symbol (e.g., OOK, ASK, FSK, etc.), and the mapping relationship between the fifth symbol and the reflection coefficient.

Optionally, the first portion of the second signal may comprise a second symbol for indicating transmission of the second portion of the second signal. Since the second symbols are sent for all devices, some second devices (BSC devices) may complete the transmission of all information before the second symbols end, at which point the BSC devices may take the agreed symbol (or reflection coefficient) or the agreed symbol sequence (reflection coefficient sequence) as an ending symbol. The terminator may use a reflection coefficient that does not define the reflection coefficient and symbol mapping relationship. That is, the first target information indicates the ending symbol.

It should be noted that the number of second symbols included in the second signal may be set according to actual needs, for example, in some embodiments, the first portion of the second signal may include one or more second symbols, where the first portion of the second signal includes a plurality of second symbols, it may be understood that the first portion of the second signal includes a second set of symbols. The description of the number of other symbols is similar to that of the second symbol, and will not be repeated.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the first parameter is indicated or agreed upon by the third device.

For example, before the third device sends the second signal, the third device sends a message to the first device indicating the first parameter. Or a second symbol passed by the third device indicates the first parameter.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the second signal and the fourth signal are mutually independent signals. The definition of the second signal is as follows: the second signal comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion of the second signal comprises a second symbol for indicating the start of transmission of the second portion, the second portion of the second signal comprises a third symbol for generating part of the content of the first signal or a first radio frequency signal for modulating and transmitting the third symbol.

Alternatively, the first radio frequency signal may be a continuous carrier.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the first signal satisfies at least one of:

The first signal is generated by the second device based on the received second signal backscatter;

the first signal is obtained by the second equipment through signal amplification based on the received second signal;

the first signal is obtained after the second equipment adjusts the amplitude and/or the phase of the received second signal;

The first signal is decoded by the second device and regenerated based on the content obtained by decoding;

the first signal is obtained by decoding the second signal by the second device, regenerating a signal based on the content obtained by decoding, and adjusting the amplitude and/or the phase of the regenerated signal.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the fourth signal satisfies any one of:

The fourth signal comprising a first portion and a second portion, the first portion comprising a fourth symbol for indicating the start of transmission of the second portion, the second portion of the fourth signal comprising a fifth symbol or a second radio frequency signal for generating a third signal;

The fourth signal includes a first portion including a second symbol for indicating the start of transmission, a second portion including a fifth symbol or a second radio frequency signal for generating a third signal, and a third portion including a third symbol or a first radio frequency signal for generating a part of the content of the first signal.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first portion of the fourth signal, the second portion of the fourth signal, and the third portion of the fourth signal may be placed continuously, and the second device may send the third signal and the first signal continuously after detecting the first portion of the fourth signal. In addition, the first portion of the fourth signal and the second portion of the fourth signal may be placed continuously, and the third portion of the fourth signal may have a first interval, where the second device detects that the first portion of the fourth signal is finished, transmits the third signal, and then transmits the first signal after the first interval. Wherein the first interval may be an optional parameter of the first configuration.

The following detailed description is provided by way of some specific examples for a better understanding of the present application.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, multiple access is directed to a single base BSC. In this embodiment, the RF source and the receiving end are considered to be the same device, which may be a base station, a reader, a terminal device, a relay, etc., and hereinafter referred to as a first device, and the BSC device is a second device.

1. (Channel estimation) the second device transmits a third signal and the first device detects the third signal for channel estimation. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

The first device transmits a fourth signal to the second device, the fourth signal comprising a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion comprises a fourth symbol and the second portion comprises a fifth symbol or CW.

After the second device detects that the first portion (or fourth symbol) of the fourth signal is over, a third signal is transmitted in a second configuration, wherein the third signal is generated by back scattering (backscatter) of the second portion of the fourth signal. Wherein the second configuration may be indicated by a fourth symbol, or a default value agreed upon.

The first device receives the third signal and obtains a second channel response (including a gain value and a delay) from the first device, back-scattered by the second device(s), and arriving at the first device.

2. The second device transmits a first signal, and the first device obtains information transmitted by the second device according to the received third signal and the first signal. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

The first device transmits a second signal to the second device, the second signal comprising a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion comprises a second symbol and the second portion comprises a third symbol or CW.

After the second device detects that the first portion (or the second symbol) of the second signal is over, the first signal is transmitted in a first configuration, wherein the first signal carries information to be transmitted (i.e., the first symbol) of the second device, and is generated by back scattering the second portion of the second signal. Wherein the first configuration may be indicated by a second symbol, or a default value agreed upon. The second symbol is optional and functions as a time to inform the second device to start back-scattering the signal or as a initiator. For example, the second signal and the fourth signal are combined, i.e. the enhanced fourth signal is used, and the fourth symbol, the fifth symbol and the third symbol are placed consecutively without the second symbol.

The first device receives the first signal and obtains a first channel response (including a gain value and a delay) from the first device, back-scattered by the second device(s), and arriving at the first device.

And the first device obtains a first symbol according to the second channel response and the first channel response, and completes the detection of the information sent by the second device.

Alternatively, the fourth signal and the second signal may be combined, i.e. an enhanced fourth signal is transmitted, comprising a first part, a second part and a third part, comprising a fourth symbol, a fifth symbol or CW, a third symbol or CW, respectively, without a second symbol, wherein the second configuration and/or the first configuration may be indicated by the fourth symbol, or a default value agreed upon.

At this time, the places where they can be placed may include the following two cases:

In case 1, the first portion, the second portion, and the third portion are placed in succession, and at this time, the second device detects that the first portion is over, and then sends the third signal and the first signal in succession.

In case 2, the first portion is placed continuously with the second portion, and a first interval exists between the second portion and the third portion, at this time, after the second device detects that the first portion is finished, the third signal is sent, and then the first signal is sent through the first interval. The first interval is an optional parameter of the first configuration.

Optionally, in some embodiments, multiple access is directed to a dual base BSC. In this embodiment, the RF radio frequency source and the receiving end are considered to be different devices, which may be a base station, a reader, a terminal device, a relay, etc., and hereinafter, the receiving end is referred to as a first device, the RF radio frequency source is referred to as a third device, and the BSC device is referred to as a second device.

the third device transmits a fourth signal to the second device, the fourth signal comprising a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion comprises a fourth symbol and the second portion comprises a fifth symbol or CW

After the second device detects that the first portion (or fourth symbol) of the fourth signal is over, a third signal is transmitted in a second configuration, wherein the third signal is generated by back-scattering of a second portion of the fourth signal. Wherein the second configuration may be indicated by a fourth symbol, or a default value agreed upon

The first device receiving the third signal may specifically include the following:

Case 1 (second channel response determined by the first device): the first device obtains a second channel response (comprising a gain value and a delay) from the third device, back-scattered by the second device(s), to the first device, based on the second parameter. Optionally, before sending the fourth signal, the third device sends a message 1 to the first device indicating a second parameter required to obtain a second channel response; or the first device detects the fourth symbol to obtain a second parameter; or, the second parameter is a default value. Optionally, after obtaining the second channel response, the first device sends a message 2 to the third device, said message 2 carrying the second channel response.

Case 2 (determination of the second channel response by the third device): the first device sends a message 3 to the third device, wherein the message 3 carries part or all of the content of the third signal; the third device obtains a second channel response (including gain values and time delays) from the third device, back-scattered by the second device(s), and arriving at the first device. Optionally, after obtaining the second channel response, the third device sends a message 4 to the first device, said message 4 carrying the second channel response.

2. (Information transmission and detection): the second device sends a first signal, and the first or the first device obtains information sent by the first device according to the received third signal and the first signal. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

The third device transmits a second signal to the second device, the second signal comprising a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion comprises the second symbol and the second portion comprises the third symbol or CW.

After the second device detects that the first portion (or the second symbol) of the second signal ends, the first signal is transmitted in a first configuration, wherein the first signal carries information (the first symbol) to be transmitted by the second device, and is generated by back scattering the second portion of the second signal. Wherein the first configuration may be indicated by a second symbol, or a default value agreed upon.

The first device receives the first signal, which may specifically include the following cases:

Case 1 (first channel response and first symbol determined by the first device): the first device obtains a first channel response (comprising a gain value and a time delay) from the third device, back-scattered by the second device(s) to the first device according to the first parameter; and the first device obtains a first symbol according to the second channel response and the first channel response, and completes the detection of the information sent by the first device.

Optionally, after obtaining the first symbol, the first device sends a message 5 to the third device, where the message 5 carries the first symbol;

Optionally, before sending the second signal, the third device sends a message 6 to the first device indicating a first parameter required to obtain the first channel response; or, the first device detects the second symbol to obtain a first parameter; or, the first parameter is a default value.

Case 2 (first channel response determined by first device, first symbol determined by third device): the first device obtains a first channel response (comprising a gain value and a time delay) from the third device, through the back scattering of the (respective) second device, to the first device according to the first parameter; after obtaining the first channel response, the first device sends a message 7 to the third device, wherein the message 7 carries the first channel response; and the third equipment obtains a first symbol according to the second channel response and the first channel response, and completes the detection of the information sent by the first equipment.

Optionally, after obtaining the first symbol, the third device sends a message 8 to the first device, said message 8 carrying the first symbol.

Case 3 (first channel response and first symbol determined by the third device): the first device sends a message 9 to the third device, wherein the message 9 carries part or all of the content of the first signal; the third device obtains a first channel response (including gain values and delays) from the third device, back-scattered by the second device(s), to the first device; and the third equipment obtains a first symbol according to the second channel response and the first channel response, and completes the detection of the information sent by the first equipment.

Optionally, after obtaining the first symbol, the third device sends a message 10 to the first device, said message 10 carrying the first symbol.

Case 4 (first channel response determined by third device, first symbol determined by first device): the first device sends a message 9 to the third device, wherein the message 9 carries part or all of the content of the first signal; the third device obtains a first channel response (including gain values and delays) from the third device, back-scattered by the second device(s), to the first device; after obtaining the first channel response, the third device sends a message 11 to the first device, wherein the message 11 carries the first channel response; and the first device obtains a first symbol according to the second channel response and the first channel response, and completes the detection of the information sent by the first device.

Optionally, after obtaining the first symbol, the first device sends a message 12 to the third device, said message 12 carrying the first symbol.

It should be noted that, when the second device is the BSC device, the first configuration may include at least one of the following:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Optionally, when the second device is the BSC device, the second configuration may include at least one of the following

Transmitting a reflection coefficient adopted by the third signal;

a mode of transmitting a third signal;

an interval of time that the third signal ends from the first portion of the second signal or the first portion of the fourth signal for indicating that the second device starts transmitting the third signal;

The length of the third signal;

a center frequency of the third signal;

the bandwidth of the third signal;

Whether second indication information of a fifth symbol is autonomously generated by the second device according to a second radio frequency signal in the fourth signal;

The second target information is used for autonomously generating a fifth symbol according to a second radio frequency signal in the fourth signal;

The second target signal is the second signal or the fourth signal, and the second signal is used for sending the first signal; the first portion of the fourth signal is used to indicate a start of transmitting a second portion of the fourth signal, the second portion of the fourth signal is used to generate the third signal, and the second portion of the fourth signal includes the fifth symbol or the second radio frequency signal.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the above transmission method may be applied to the initial access and data transmission flow.

In practical applications, the steps in the single-base and double-base scenarios can be flexibly used to implement the corresponding functions, both in the initial access phase, such as the process of transmitting the RN16 in RFID, and in the subsequent data transmission phase, such as reading the EPC. The single-base case is exemplified below.

1. Initial access: the first device instructs the eligible second device to send Identification (ID) information of the device (such as RN16 for temporarily identifying the device).

Alternatively the first device may indicate a match condition, such as a Select command, by the first part of the second/fourth signal or by sending a further message;

Alternatively, the second device may divide the ID into a plurality of first symbols, depending on the number of first symbols that the first signal can carry (determined by the first configuration) and the length of the ID, by a plurality of "information transmission and detection", i.e. a plurality of first signals are sent to the first device.

Optionally, the first device, after obtaining a sufficient number of the first symbols, concatenates them back to the ID of the second device.

Compared with the traditional initial access method, such as the process of transmitting the RN16 and competing for the access opportunity in RFID, the transmission method of the embodiment of the application can allow a plurality of BSC devices to transmit the RN16 at the same time without failure of transmission caused by collision of signals, can omit the waiting process (the waiting counter is 0) of the BSC devices, and finally greatly improves the probability of success of initial access, and reduces time delay and energy expenditure.

2. And (3) data transmission: the first device may further instruct the device of interest to perform data transmission based on the ID information of the second device that has been acquired.

Alternatively, the first device may indicate a match condition, such as a Select command, by the first part of the fourth/second signal or by sending a further message; or directly indicates a second device ID (or set of IDs) for a subsequent schedule.

Alternatively, the second device may divide the data to be transmitted into a plurality of first symbols (or sets) depending on the number of first symbols (determined by the first configuration) that the first signal can carry and the length of the data to be transmitted, by "information transmission and detection" a plurality of times, i.e. the plurality of first signals are sent to the first device.

Optionally, the first device, after obtaining a sufficient number of the first symbols, concatenates and restores them to the data sent by the second device.

Optionally, before the formal data transmission starts, the first device may require the second device to report other information, such as the length of the data to be transmitted, the amount of electricity, etc., by using a procedure similar to the acquisition of the device ID, and schedule the appropriate second device to participate in the data transmission based on the information.

In this way, the scheduling efficiency can be improved, for example, the second device with similar data quantity is selected in the same data transmission process, so as to avoid long-time idle waiting after the transmission of part of devices is completed.

Compared with the traditional data transmission method, such as a TDMA mode in RFID, the transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application can allow a plurality of BSC devices to simultaneously transmit data, thereby greatly reducing the waiting time and the access time delay.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second device may be a relay in addition to a BSC device. The relay may include a direct-forward relay and a regenerative-forward relay.

For direct forwarding relay, the relay directly forwards the received signal after amplifying the signal. Therefore, if the amplification factor of the relay pair signal is α, the channel gain value from Tx to relay is h ₁, the delay is τ ₁, the channel gain value from relay to Rx is h ₂, and the delay is τ ₂, then when the symbol is not modulated, the channel gain value from Tx to relay-Rx is αh ₁h₂, and the delay is τ ₁+τ₂.

Optionally, when the signal sent by Tx reaches the relay, the relay may also achieve the same effect of modulating the reflection coefficient by the BSC device by adjusting the amplitude and/or phase of the forwarded signal, modulating the own transmission symbol x onto the original ah ₁h₂, and fixing the delay of this path to τ ₁+τ₂.

It should be noted that, in the above-described assumption, the relay delay τ is considered to be 0. For non-ideal cases, this is equivalent to adding τ' to the final delay τ ₁+τ₂.

For the regenerative relay, the relay decodes the received signal and regenerates the signal from Tx based on the decoded content. Thus, when Rx receives a signal, its signal does not pass through the gain of this path from Tx to relay, but experiences a delay in this path. Similarly, if the amplification factor of the relay-to-signal is α, the channel gain value from Tx to relay is h ₁, the delay is τ ₁, the channel gain value from relay to Rx is h ₂, the delay is τ ₂, then when the symbol is not modulated, the channel gain value from Tx to relay-Rx is αh ₂, the delay is τ ₁+τ₂

Similarly, when the signal sent by Tx arrives at the relay, the relay decodes the received signal, regenerates the signal sent by Tx according to the decoded content, and then adjusts the amplitude and/or phase of the signal during transmission, so that the same effect of modulating the reflection coefficient by the BSC device can be achieved, modulating the own transmission symbol x onto the original ah ₂, and the delay of this path is fixed to τ ₁+τ₂.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first configuration and the second configuration have the following differences with respect to the BSC apparatus:

Deleting the reflection coefficient related parameters; the modulation symbol set, signal amplification factor, and relay mode are increased.

For example, the first configuration includes at least one of:

a length of the first signal;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

The second configuration includes at least one of: :

a mode of transmitting a third signal;

The length of the third signal;

a center frequency of the third signal;

the bandwidth of the third signal;

A mute parameter for determining whether to send the first message;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

It should be noted that, for a general common terminal (Legacy UE), it is also possible to simulate relay or BSC devices to perform time-delay domain multiple access, which is equivalent to a BSC device that can autonomously generate not only a training sequence but also a carrier signal. The difference from the above-described embodiment of the BSC apparatus is that the third signal and the first signal are generated autonomously by the UE, and thus the fourth signal and the second signal have only the first part. At this time, the second configuration and the first configuration differ from the BSC apparatus in that:

Deleting the reflection coefficient related parameters; increasing a modulation symbol set; including some or all of the second parameter and the first parameter.

For example, the first configuration includes at least one of:

a length of the first signal;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

part or all of the second parameter;

part or all of the content of the first parameter;

The second configuration includes at least one of: :

a mode of transmitting a third signal;

The length of the third signal;

a center frequency of the third signal;

the bandwidth of the third signal;

A mute parameter for determining whether to send the first message;

Modulating a set of symbols;

part or all of the second parameter;

part or all of the content of the first parameter;

Optionally, the second parameter may be understood as a parameter for receiving the third signal, and may specifically include at least one of the following:

Content of the fifth symbol;

A modulation mode of transmitting a fifth symbol by the fourth signal, such as PSK, OOK, FSK;

The fourth signal transmits the length or number of symbols of the fifth symbol;

a fourth signal transmits a symbol interval of a fifth symbol;

the fourth signal transmits waveforms of fifth symbols, such as square waves, roll-off cosine waves, sine waves and the like of single carrier waves; multi-carrier OFDM, DFT-S-OFDM, OTFS, etc.;

the fourth signal transmits the center frequency of the fifth symbol;

a fourth signal transmits a bandwidth of a fifth symbol;

Part or all of the second configuration.

Referring to fig. 7, the embodiment of the present application further provides a transmission method, as shown in fig. 7, where the transmission method includes:

Step 701, the second device receiving a second signal or a fourth signal from a target device, the target device comprising the first device or a third device;

step 702, a second device sends a first signal to the first device based on the second signal or the fourth signal, where the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device;

Optionally, the second device sending the first signal to the first device based on the second signal or the fourth signal includes:

The second device transmitting a first signal to the first device in a first configuration based on the second signal or a fourth signal;

Wherein the first configuration comprises at least one of:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

Optionally, the first configuration is indicated by the target device or agreed upon by a protocol.

Optionally, the second signal includes a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion of the second signal includes a second symbol for indicating that transmission of the second portion is started, the second portion of the second signal includes a third symbol for generating part of the content of the first signal or a first radio frequency signal for modulating and transmitting the third symbol.

Optionally, the first signal satisfies at least one of:

Optionally, the fourth signal satisfies any one of the following:

Referring to fig. 8, the embodiment of the present application further provides a transmission method, as shown in fig. 8, where the transmission method includes:

Step 801, a third device sends a second signal and/or a fourth signal to a second device, where the second signal or the fourth signal is used for a first signal sent to a first device, where the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device;

Step 802, the third device performing a second operation from the first device, the second operation including any of:

Optionally, after the third device performs the second operation from the first device, the method further includes:

the third device obtains the first symbol according to the first channel response and the second channel response;

The third device sends the first symbol to the first device.

Optionally, after the receiving the first message from the second device and determining, according to the first message, a first channel response from the third device to the first device through the second device, the method further includes:

The third device transmits the first channel response to the first device.

Optionally, after the third device sends the first channel response to the first device, the method further includes:

the third device receives the first symbol from the first device.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

The third device transmits a first configuration to the first device, the first configuration for transmitting the first signal, the first configuration comprising at least one of:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

Optionally, the first signal satisfies at least one of:

Optionally, the fourth signal satisfies any one of the following:

According to the transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application, the execution main body can be a transmission device. In the embodiment of the present application, a transmission method performed by a transmission device is taken as an example, and the transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described.

Referring to fig. 9, the embodiment of the present application further provides a transmission apparatus, as shown in fig. 9, the transmission apparatus 900 includes:

A first receiving module 901, configured to receive a first signal from a second device, where the first signal is a signal sent based on the second signal received from a target device, and the first signal carries a first symbol, where the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, and the target device includes a first device or a third device;

a first execution module 902, configured to execute a first operation, where the first operation includes any one of:

Optionally, the transmission device further includes any one of the following:

A first determining module, configured to obtain the first symbol according to the first channel response and the second channel response;

And the first sending module is used for sending the first channel response to the third equipment.

Optionally, the first receiving module 901 is further configured to receive, from the third device, the first symbol obtained by the third device based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

Optionally, the first execution module 902 is further configured to execute any one of the following:

receiving the first channel response determined by the third device from the third device, and obtaining the first symbol according to the first channel response and the second channel response;

the first symbol determined by the third device is received from the third device.

Optionally, the transmission device further includes:

And the first sending module is used for sending a second message to the third device, wherein the second message is used for bearing the first symbol.

Optionally, the determining, according to the first signal, a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device includes:

Wherein the first parameter is a parameter for receiving the first signal.

Optionally, the first parameter includes at least one of:

The content of the third symbol;

A third signal transmits a modulation mode of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits the length or number of symbols of the third symbol;

A third signal transmits a symbol interval of a third symbol;

a third signal transmits a waveform of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits a center frequency of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits a bandwidth of a third symbol;

wherein the third symbol is used to generate the first signal.

Optionally, the first configuration includes at least one of:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

Optionally, the first parameter is indicated or agreed upon by the third device.

Optionally, the first signal satisfies at least one of:

Optionally, the fourth signal satisfies any one of the following:

Referring to fig. 10, the embodiment of the present application further provides a transmission apparatus, as shown in fig. 10, the transmission apparatus 1000 includes:

a second receiving module 1001, configured to receive a second signal from a target device, where the target device includes a first device or a third device;

A second sending module 1002, configured to send a first signal to the first device based on the second signal, where the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device;

Optionally, the second sending module 1002 is specifically configured to: transmitting a first signal to the first device in a first configuration based on the second signal or a fourth signal;

Wherein the first configuration comprises at least one of:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

Optionally, the first signal satisfies at least one of:

Optionally, the fourth signal satisfies any one of the following:

Referring to fig. 11, the embodiment of the present application further provides a transmission apparatus, as shown in fig. 11, the transmission apparatus 1100 includes:

a third sending module 1101, configured to send a second signal to a second device, where the second signal is used for a first signal sent to a first device, where the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device;

A second execution module 1102, configured to execute a second operation from the first device, where the second operation includes any one of:

Optionally, the transmission device further includes:

A second determining module, configured to obtain the first symbol according to the first channel response and the second channel response;

The third sending module 1101 is further configured to send the first symbol to the first device.

The third device transmits the first channel response to the first device.

Optionally, the transmission device further includes:

and a third receiving module, configured to receive the first symbol from the first device.

Optionally, the third sending module 1101 is further configured to send a first configuration to the first device, where the first configuration is used to send the first signal, and the first configuration includes at least one of the following:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

Optionally, the first signal satisfies at least one of:

Optionally, the fourth signal satisfies any one of the following:

The transmission device in the embodiment of the application may be an electronic device, for example, an electronic device with an operating system, or may be a component in an electronic device, for example, an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device may be a terminal, or may be other devices than a terminal. By way of example, the terminals may include, but are not limited to, the types of terminals 11 listed above, other devices may be servers, network attached storage (Network Attached Storage, NAS), etc., and embodiments of the present application are not limited in detail.

The transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the embodiments of the methods of fig. 6 to 8, and achieve the same technical effects, and in order to avoid repetition, a detailed description is omitted here.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 12, the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 1200, including a processor 1201 and a memory 1202, where the memory 1202 stores a program or an instruction that can be executed on the processor 1201, and the program or the instruction implements each step of the foregoing transmission method embodiment when executed by the processor 1201, and the steps achieve the same technical effects, so that repetition is avoided, and no further description is given here.

The embodiment of the application also provides a terminal, which comprises a processor and a communication interface, wherein,

The terminal embodiment corresponds to the terminal-side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the method embodiment can be applied to the terminal embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved. Specifically, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a terminal for implementing an embodiment of the present application.

The terminal 1300 includes, but is not limited to: at least some of the components of the radio frequency unit 1301, the network module 1302, the audio output unit 1303, the input unit 1304, the sensor 1305, the display unit 1306, the user input unit 1307, the interface unit 1308, the memory 1309, the processor 1310, and the like.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal 1300 may further include a power source (e.g., a battery) for supplying power to the various components, and the power source may be logically connected to the processor 1310 through a power management system, so as to perform functions of managing charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in fig. 13 does not constitute a limitation of the terminal, and the terminal may include more or less components than shown, or may combine certain components, or may be arranged in different components, which will not be described in detail herein.

It should be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, the input unit 1304 may include a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) 13041 and a microphone 13042, with the graphics processor 13041 processing image data of still pictures or video obtained by an image capture device (e.g., a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 1306 may include a display panel 13061, and the display panel 13061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 1307 includes at least one of a touch panel 13071 and other input devices 13072. Touch panel 13071, also referred to as a touch screen. The touch panel 13071 may include two parts, a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 13072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (e.g., volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and so forth, which are not described in detail herein.

In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network side device, the radio frequency unit 1301 may transmit the downlink data to the processor 1310 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1301 may send uplink data to the network side device. Typically, the radio unit 1301 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.

Memory 1309 may be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 1309 may mainly include a first memory area storing programs or instructions and a second memory area storing data, wherein the first memory area may store an operating system, application programs or instructions (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.) required for at least one function, and the like. Further, the memory 1309 may include volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or the memory 1309 may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile Memory may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an Electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash Memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), static random access memory (STATIC RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DYNAMIC RAM, DRAM), synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), double data rate Synchronous dynamic random access memory (Double DATA RATE SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced Synchronous dynamic random access memory (ENHANCED SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SYNCH LINK DRAM, SLDRAM), and Direct random access memory (DRRAM). Memory 1309 in embodiments of the application include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

The processor 1310 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1310 integrates an application processor that primarily handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and applications, and a modem processor that primarily handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into the processor 1310.

In the case that the terminal is a first device, the radio frequency unit 1301 is configured to receive a first signal from a second device, where the first signal is a signal sent based on the second signal received from a target device, and the first signal carries a first symbol, where the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, and the target device includes a first device or a third device; the processor 1310 is configured to perform a first operation, the first operation including any one of: determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device based on the first signal; transmitting a first message to the third device, the first message carrying at least part of the content of the first signal, the at least part of the content being used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device; the first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, and the second channel response is determined by the first device or the third device according to a third signal for channel estimation, wherein the third signal is transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device, and the channel response reaches the first device from the target device through the second device.

In the case that the terminal is a second device, the radio frequency unit 1301 is configured to receive a second signal from a target device, where the target device includes a first device or a third device; transmitting a first signal to the first device based on the second signal, wherein the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device; wherein the first signal is used to determine a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device, the first channel response is used to determine the first symbol with a second channel response, the second channel response is used to determine a channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, the third signal is a signal transmitted by the second device based on a fourth signal received from the target device.

In the case that the terminal is a third device, the radio frequency unit 1301 is configured to send a second signal to a second device, where the second signal is used for a first signal sent to a first device, where the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second device; the processor 1310 is configured to perform a second operation from the first device, the second operation comprising any one of: receiving a first channel response from the first device that is determined to reach the first device from a third device via the second device based on the first signal; receiving a first message from the first device and determining a first channel response from the third device to the first device via the second device based on the first message; the first channel response is used for determining the first symbol with a second channel response, the first symbol is information to be transmitted of the second device, the second channel response is that the first device or the third device determines a channel response reaching the first device from the third device through the second device according to a third signal for channel estimation, and the third signal is that the second device sends based on a fourth signal received from the third device.

The embodiment of the application also provides network side equipment, which comprises a processor and a communication interface, wherein,

The network side device embodiment corresponds to the network side device method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the method embodiment can be applied to the network side device embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved.

Specifically, the embodiment of the application also provides network side equipment. As shown in fig. 14, the network side device 1400 includes: an antenna 1401, radio frequency means 1402, baseband means 1403, a processor 1404 and a memory 1405. An antenna 1401 is coupled to a radio 1402. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 1402 receives information via the antenna 1401 and transmits the received information to the baseband device 1403 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 1403 processes information to be transmitted, and transmits the processed information to the radio frequency device 1402, and the radio frequency device 1402 processes the received information and transmits the processed information through the antenna 1401.

The method performed by the network side device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband apparatus 1403, and the baseband apparatus 1403 includes a baseband processor.

The baseband apparatus 1403 may, for example, include at least one baseband board, where a plurality of chips are disposed, as shown in fig. 14, where one chip, for example, a baseband processor, is connected to the memory 1405 through a bus interface, so as to invoke a program in the memory 1405 to perform the network device operation shown in the above method embodiment.

The network-side device may also include a network interface 1406, such as a common public radio interface (common public radio interface, CPRI).

Specifically, the network side device 1400 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1405 and executable on the processor 1404, the processor 1404 invokes the instructions or programs in the memory 1405 to perform the method performed by each module shown in the XX diagram, and achieve the same technical effects, and are not repeated here.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, where a program or an instruction is stored, and when the program or the instruction is executed by a processor, the program or the instruction realizes each process of the foregoing transmission method embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved, so that repetition is avoided, and no description is repeated here.

Wherein the processor is a processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes computer readable storage medium such as computer readable memory ROM, random access memory RAM, magnetic or optical disk, etc.

The embodiment of the application further provides a chip, which comprises a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled with the processor, and the processor is used for running programs or instructions to realize the processes of the above transmission method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effects, so that repetition is avoided, and the description is omitted here.

It should be understood that the chips referred to in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as system-on-chip chips, or the like.

The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program/program product stored in a storage medium, where the computer program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the respective processes of the foregoing transmission method embodiments, and achieve the same technical effects, and are not repeated herein.

The embodiment of the application also provides a communication system, which comprises: the first device is configured to execute each process of each method embodiment on the first device side as shown in fig. 6 and described above, the second device is configured to execute each process of each method embodiment on the second device side as shown in fig. 7 and described above, and the third device is configured to execute each process of each method embodiment on the third device side as shown in fig. 8 and described above, so that the same technical effects can be achieved, and for avoiding repetition, a detailed description is omitted here.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing the functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in an opposite order depending on the functions involved, e.g., the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

From the above description of the embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiment method may be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, but of course may also be implemented by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a computer software product stored in a storage medium (e.g. ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) comprising instructions for causing a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present application.

The embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present application.

Claims

1. A transmission method, comprising:

the first device performs a first operation comprising any one of:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein after determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device via the second device from the first signal, the method further comprises any one of:

the first device transmits the first channel response to the third device.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein after the first device transmits the first channel response to the third device, the method further comprises:

4. The method of claim 1, wherein after the sending the first message to the third device, the method further comprises any one of:

5. The method according to claim 2 or 4, wherein after obtaining the first symbol from the first channel response and the second channel response, the method further comprises:

6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a first channel response from the target device to the first device through the second device based on the first signal comprises:

Wherein the first parameter is a parameter for receiving the first signal.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first parameter comprises at least one of:

The content of the third symbol;

A third signal transmits a modulation mode of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits the length or number of symbols of the third symbol;

A third signal transmits a symbol interval of a third symbol;

a third signal transmits a waveform of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits a center frequency of a third symbol;

The third signal transmits a bandwidth of a third symbol;

wherein the third symbol is used to generate the first signal.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first configuration comprises at least one of:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the first parameter is indicated or agreed upon by the third device.

10. The method according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the second signal comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion of the second signal comprises a second symbol for indicating the start of transmitting the second portion, wherein the second portion of the second signal comprises a third symbol or a first radio frequency signal for generating part of the content of the first signal, wherein the first radio frequency signal is used for modulating and transmitting the third symbol.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first signal satisfies at least one of:

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fourth signal satisfies any one of the following:

13. A transmission method, comprising:

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the second device transmitting a first signal to the first device based on the second signal or a fourth signal comprises:

Wherein the first configuration comprises at least one of:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the first configuration is indicated by the target device or agreed upon by a protocol.

16. The method according to any of claims 13 to 15, wherein the second signal comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion of the second signal comprises a second symbol for indicating the start of transmitting the second portion, wherein the second portion of the second signal comprises a third symbol or a first radio frequency signal for generating part of the content of the first signal, wherein the first radio frequency signal is used for modulating and transmitting the third symbol.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first signal satisfies at least one of:

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the fourth signal satisfies any one of:

19. A transmission method, comprising:

20. The method of claim 19, wherein after the third device performs the second operation from the first device, the method further comprises:

The third device sends the first symbol to the first device.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein after receiving a first message from the second device and determining a first channel response from the third device to the first device via the second device based on the first message, the method further comprises:

The third device transmits the first channel response to the first device.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein after the third device transmits the first channel response to the first device, the method further comprises:

the third device receives the first symbol from the first device.

23. The method of claim 19, wherein the method further comprises:

transmitting an available reflection coefficient of the first signal;

a length of the first signal;

an adjustment interval of the reflection coefficient;

mapping relation between modulation symbol and reflection coefficient;

a modulation mode;

the bandwidth of the first signal;

Modulating a set of symbols;

A signal amplification factor;

A relay mode;

24. The method according to any of claims 19 to 23, wherein the second signal comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion of the second signal comprises a second symbol for indicating the start of transmitting the second portion, wherein the second portion of the second signal comprises a third symbol or a first radio frequency signal for generating part of the content of the first signal, wherein the first radio frequency signal is used for modulating and transmitting the third symbol.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the first signal satisfies at least one of:

26. The method of any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the fourth signal satisfies any one of:

27. A transmission apparatus, comprising:

28. A transmission apparatus, comprising:

A second receiving module for receiving a second signal from a target device, the target device comprising a first device or a third device;

29. A transmission apparatus, comprising:

The third sending module is used for sending a second signal to the second equipment, wherein the second signal is used for sending a first signal to the first equipment, the first signal carries a first symbol, and the first symbol is information to be transmitted by the second equipment;

30. A terminal comprising a processor and a memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor, performs the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 26.

31. A network side device comprising a processor and a memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the transmission method of any one of claims 1 to 26.

32. A readable storage medium, characterized in that the readable storage medium has stored thereon a program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the transmission method according to any of claims 1 to 26.