CN1181952C - Three-dimensional reverse evaluating measurer with digitally controlled miller as machine tool - Google Patents

Three-dimensional reverse evaluating measurer with digitally controlled miller as machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1181952C
CN1181952C CNB031080383A CN03108038A CN1181952C CN 1181952 C CN1181952 C CN 1181952C CN B031080383 A CNB031080383 A CN B031080383A CN 03108038 A CN03108038 A CN 03108038A CN 1181952 C CN1181952 C CN 1181952C
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China
Prior art keywords
milling machine
digital
measuring
cnc milling
digital camera
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CN1453101A (en
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军 洪
洪军
李涤尘
王江良
卢秉恒
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SUZHOU BC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-dimensional inverse evaluating measuring device by taking a numerical control milling machine as a machine tool, which is quickly located and connected with a numerical control milling machine in a rack hanging mode to form a three-dimensional inverse evaluating measuring system which can accurately measure the inner outline and the outer outline of any complex part with the performance of cutting and processing in a three-dimensional mode. The device is composed of a hanging rack connecting mechanism, a computer control system, a digital shooting measuring mechanism and a brushing chip removing mechanism. After the device is located and connected with a numerical control machine tool, the three coordinate axes of the numerical control milling machine move linearly in the process of measuring, the digital shooting measuring mechanism collects images layers by layers, the brushing chip removing mechanism cleans the cross sections of layers, and the signals of the computer control system are communicated with the signals of the numerical control milling machine for controlling the digital shooting measuring mechanism to automatically shoot and transfer data. The device can be connected with different types of numerical control milling machines to form a three-dimensional inverse evaluating measuring system, which can greatly widen the functions of traditional numerical control devices.

Description

With the CNC milling machine is the anti-measurement mechanism of asking of three-dimensional of machine tool
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, relate to the measurement mechanism of reverse engineering, further relating to a kind of is the anti-measurement mechanism of asking of three-dimensional of the surfaces externally and internally of machine tool accurate measurement simultaneously complex parts with the CNC milling machine.
Background technology
The anti-measuring technique of asking belongs to the anti-measuring technique of asking of a kind of tomography.In theory, the complexity of tube components is not how, the tomography measuring technique not only can be measured the outer surface geometric data of part, but also can measure the physical dimension of inner chamber, this function is that three-coordinates measuring machine is difficult to realize with the anti-measuring technique of asking of optics that is representative with the laser triangulation.At present, at mechanical engineering field, the tomography measuring technique comprises the tomography measuring technique of industrial computed tomography technology (ICT), MR image method (MRI), ultrasonic wave digitlization tomography mensuration and " destructiveness ".For ICT, the principle of it and Medical CT is substantially the same, because different object and tissue are different to the absorption coefficient of X ray, this different basis that just becomes this measuring method reconstructing three-dimensional graphics utilizes the method for mathematics to make up the cross-sectional image of object then.This method is present more advanced and most widely used general a kind of contactless tomography measuring method.It can be measured the internal structure of object, special in the harmless three-dimensional measurement that the inner chamber object is arranged, but under present technical conditions, it exists spatial resolution lower, obtain data and need the long time of integration, the image reconstruction amount of calculation big, the equipment manufacturing cost height, can only obtain the shortcomings such as mean profile in certain thickness cross section.For the nmr image method, according to its measuring principle and characteristics, it is expected to have wide practical use at medical domain, and this method also exists Measuring Time length, apparatus expensive, at present to the unpractical shortcoming of non-biological material.For ultrasonic wave digitlization tomography mensuration, relative ICT or MRI, its equipment is simple, and cost is lower, but measuring speed is slower, and because various echo ratios are more mixed and disorderly, must accurately measure the acoustic speed of propagation of ultrasonic wave in measured material, the position that utilizes the calculating of Mathematical Modeling to make each layer edge, particularly as if defectiveness in the object, be subjected to the influence of object materials and surface characteristic, the data reliability of then measuring is lower, and this method is mainly used in nondestructive inspection and thickness detects.In order to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned technology exists, just the tomography measuring technique that has produced " destructiveness " is (after its destructiveness refers to and measure, tested part can not keep its integrality again), its fundamental measurement principle is: utilize CNC milling machine successively to cut tested part with certain thickness of cutting, every cutting finishes one deck, convenient for high-resolution digital camera shooting sectional image, repeat above-mentioned steps, be cut until whole part, all sectional images are ingested, then the gross section image are carried out visual preliminary treatment, parts profile extracts, and reconstructs the threedimensional model of part, utilize different data-interfaces at last, derive the file of required form.Though this measuring method has destructiveness to tested part, but its measuring principle simply, very easily realization, measuring speed are very fast relatively, certainty of measurement is high, measure the texture and material, complexity and the influence of media on every side that are not subjected to part, and relative other tomography measurement device of measurement device is not expensive, therefore, this measuring technique is a kind of advanced person, has a tomography measuring technique of development prospect.
Because this technology is kind of a novel measuring technique, therefore at present this measuring technique is not formed unified address both at home and abroad.The invention belongs to this destructive tomography measuring technique, at present this technology and the corresponding anti-equipment of asking thereof are carried out research and development, following research unit and company are arranged: 1, Xi'an Communications University's laser and infrared application research institute at home and abroad, they claim this technology to be " chromatography three-dimensional digitized measurement technology ", develop " chromatography type reverse engineering three-dimensional measuring apparatus " simultaneously, and the utility model patent of obtaining this device on October 10th, 1998, number of patent application is 97239460.5.2, Qingdao Hisense Technology Center of Hai Xin Group Co., Ltd, they have gone out corresponding measurement device with regard to this technological development: " chromatography three-dimensional digitized measurement machine ", " chromatography digitized measurement machine ", " chromatography digitized measurement head ", and respectively on September 27th, 1999, on December 1st, 1999, the utility application of above-mentioned three devices was proposed on December 6th, 1999, and finally obtained patent right, number of patent application is 99246569.9,99247352.2 successively, 99247387.X.3, U.S. CGI company, the said firm has developed layer and has removed the counter series of products of asking measurement device of imaging method, as CSS-300 SYSTEM, CSS-1000 SYSTEM, CSS-3000SYSTEM, and with regard to Cross-SectionalScanning technology and Spec.Check TMMeasurement Software has applied for patent.
Know by looking into new data: the measurement device specificity of U.S. CGI company exploitation is strong, can not utilize existing CNC milling machine resource, and equipment volume is big, and transportation inconvenience costs an arm and a leg; " the chromatography type reverse engineering three-dimensional measuring apparatus " of Shanghai Communications University, Xi'an laser and infrared application Research Institute, its equipment quality is big, transportation inconvenience, simultaneously, it is not to be based on existing CNC milling machine, therefore, make that its specificity is strong on the one hand, in case the material cutting mechanism or the material cutting mechanism of release unit itself break down, other normal appts is just also lost its due function so, and on the other hand, do not utilize existing CNC milling machine resource, this makes is realizing same counter asking when measuring miscellaneous function, the device complexity that they are selected, even can be described as unnecessaryly, for example adopt laser range finder to detect the distance of tested part and scanning survey camera lens in real time, it is consistent with the height of tested part to utilize the real-time gated sweep of computer closed loop to measure camera lens, adopt negative pressure chip removal etc., this has increased the complexity of device hardware and software development greatly, cause the device structure relative complex, cost an arm and a leg; The measurement mechanism of Qingdao Hisense Technology Center of Hai Xin Group Co., Ltd exploitation, comprised CNC milling machine, connected mode is connected but its measuring instrument employing support and CNC milling machine main spindle box are holed, therefore it can only be applied to the CNC milling machine of certain model on the one hand, this just makes its range of application be subjected to very big restriction, and on the other hand, measuring instrument utilizes the main spindle box of support and CNC milling machine to connect firmly, and the precision that the vibrations that main spindle box is trickle are measured measuring instrument can influence to some extent; Simultaneously, its measuring instrument does not provide invariable shooting measurement light source, utilizes surround lighting as photographic light sources, and this makes the precision of measuring be difficult to be guaranteed; In addition, the measuring machine of Qingdao Hisense Technology Center's exploitation does not have automatic filings discharging device, and chip removal needs manual intervention, therefore, is difficult to realize the counter full automation of asking measurement.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency at above-mentioned existing equipment exists the objective of the invention is to, and a kind of anti-measurement mechanism of asking that can be used as the CNC milling machine flexible accessory is provided.This device is a machine tool with existing CNC milling machine, and can be on dissimilar CNC milling machines Fast Installation and dismounting (install and do not destroy any structure of lathe), constitute three-dimensional cross-sectional imaging measurement system fast with CNC milling machine, profile and inner chamber to any complex object with machinability carry out accurate measurement simultaneously, whole measuring process is finished automatically, need not manual intervention, measure the material (prerequisite is that this material can carry out machining) that is not subjected to testee simultaneously, color and luster, the influence of other physical characteristic of surface and environment, and certainty of measurement is higher than the general three dimension photoelectric measuring device.
The solution that realizes the foregoing invention purpose is: a kind of is the anti-measurement mechanism of asking of three-dimensional of machine tool with the CNC milling machine, it is characterized in that, is made of computer control system, digital filming measuring mechanism, anti-dandruff mechanism and suspension bindiny mechanism;
1) computer control system comprises
Computer, data line, digital quantity signal input/output board, travel switch and signal transmssion line; The digital camera of data line and digital filming measuring mechanism of leading up to of computer is connected; Another road is connected with the digital quantity signal input/output board by signal transmssion line, and the digital quantity signal input/output board is connected with magnet, and magnet is connected with travel switch with metal briquetting on the lathe bed that is fixed on CNC milling machine;
2) the digital filming measuring mechanism comprises
One is used to install the digital filming measurement casing of digital camera;
One high-resolution digital camera;
Two elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamps;
High-resolution digital camera and two elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamps are installed in the casing, and elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamp is equipped with the fluorescent tube protective cover; The image that to gather of high-resolution digital camera passes to computer by data line;
3) anti-dandruff mechanism comprises
Two row brushes; Row brush is fixedly installed on the below that digital filming is measured casing respectively.
4) suspension bindiny mechanism
Three stable equilibrium's pieces;
One tripod;
One can connect montant;
One connects cross bar;
One connector;
Three degree of tightness knobs;
By regulating the degree of tightness knob, connect montant can be on tripod vertical lift and fastening, the connection cross bar can tighten and be rotated around being connected montant at the connection montant, and connector is used to connect firmly digital filming and measures casing, can level stretch with fastening in the connection cross bar simultaneously.
Some other characteristics of the present invention are that described travel switch adopts magnet and metal briquetting to be fixed on the lathe bed of CNC milling machine.
One of described row brush is directly installed on the casing by sheet metal and screw, and another is installed in being connected and fixed on the piece on the casing.
The anti-measurement mechanism of asking of the present invention is machine tool with the CNC milling machine, can be used as the flexible accessory of number of different types CNC milling machine, the energy Fast Installation, form three-dimensional cross-sectional imaging measurement system with CNC milling machine, can carry out that the automatically accurate three-dimensional of surfaces externally and internally is counter asks measurement any complex parts with cutting ability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a digital filming process of measurement control flow chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The embodiment that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and inventor is further described the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.According to technical scheme of the present invention, device comprises computer control system, CNC milling machine, digital filming measuring mechanism, anti-dandruff mechanism, suspension bindiny mechanism.
Computer 1, data line 2, digital quantity signal input/output board 4, travel switch 7 and signal transmssion line 3 constitute computer control system of the present invention.The digital camera 19 of data line 2 and measuring mechanism of leading up to of computer 1 is connected; Another road is connected with digital quantity signal input/output board 4 by signal transmssion line 3, and digital quantity signal input/output board 4 is connected with magnet 5, and magnet 5 is connected with travel switch 7 with metal briquetting 6 on the lathe bed that is fixed on CNC milling machine 22.Travel switch 7 utilizes magnet 5 and metal briquetting 6 to be fixed on the lathe bed of CNC milling machine 22.After embedding body 23 that CNC milling machine 22 is formed tested part and embedded material has cut an aspect, CNC milling machine 22 drives the direction motion of workbench to travel switch 7, when embedding body 23 arrives the high-resolution digital camera 19 (digital camera of Kodak DC4800 310 everything elements for example, the digital camera that adopts how many pixels decides according to the size and the certainty of measurement in embedding body 23 cross sections, as long as can satisfy the whole required precision of measuring of part, the digital camera of available high pixel, as 3,400,000, the digital camera of 500 everything elements etc., also can adopt the digital camera of low pixel, as 2,600,000, when the digital cameras of 200 everything elements etc.) the best under the camera lens is taken the target area, workbench stops, trigger travel switch 7 actions simultaneously, produce analog signal, analog signal is converted into data signal through digital quantity signal input/output board 4, and flows to computer 1 by signal transmssion line 3.Computer 1 is via the transfer of data of data line 2 realizations with the digital filming measuring mechanism.After receiving data signal by signal transmssion line 3 inputs, computer 1 is given the high-resolution digital camera driving instruction that 19 transmission sectional images are taken by data line 2, high-resolution digital camera 19 is just taken, the cross section profile of the intact one deck embedding body 23 of every shooting, high-resolution digital camera 19 sends pictorial data to computer 1 by data line 2 again, stores.Digital filming measuring mechanism of the present invention by high-resolution digital camera 19, camera fixed mount 20, hexagon socket head cap screw 21, digital filming measure casing 18, two elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamps 14, fluorescent tube protective cover 17, screws 13 constitute; The camera fixed mount is fixed on digital filming by hexagon socket head cap screw 21 and measures on the casing 18, and guarantees the middle of the camera lens of high-resolution digital camera 19 at digital filming measurement casing 18; Elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamp 14 is fixed on the fluorescent tube protective cover 17, fluorescent tube protective cover 17 is fixed on digital filming by screw 13 and measures the inwall of casing 18, the oblique below of high-resolution digital camera 19 camera lenses, these two elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamps 14 being radiated on the tested part cross section with the light homogeneous and bright, guarantee the constant of digital filming measurement light source simultaneously, and digital filming is measured casing 18 with the surround lighting isolation, has avoided the interference of surround lighting.Row brush 8, be connected and fixed piece 11, hexagon socket head cap screw 12, sheet metal 9 and screw 10 have constituted chip removal of the present invention mechanism, one of them row brush is directly installed on digital filming by sheet metal 9 and screw 10 and measures on the casing 18, another then utilizes sheet metal and screw to be installed in and is connected and fixed on the piece 11, be fixed on the digital filming measurement casing 18 by hexagon socket head cap screw 12 and be connected and fixed piece, anti-dandruff mechanism of the present invention, utilize the relative motion of row brush 8 and CNC milling machine 22 workbench, realized anti-dandruff automation, simultaneously, smear metal can be totally removed in the application of two row brushes.Suspension bindiny mechanism is by three stable equilibrium's pieces 30,31,32, and tripod 29 connects montant 24, connects cross bar 25, and 15, three degree of tightness knobs of connector 26,27,28 constitute and hexagon socket head cap screw 16 constitutes; Connector 15 utilizes hexagon socket head cap screw 16 that digital filming is measured casing 18 and connects firmly, and utilizes degree of tightness knob 27 simultaneously, and connector 15 can be fixed on and connect 25 li of cross bars, and can level stretch in connecting cross bar 25; Connect cross bar 25 and utilize degree of tightness knob 26 on connection montant 24, to fix, also can carry out the circumference rotation around connecting montant 24; Connect montant 24 and can be fixed on the tripod 29 by degree of tightness knob 28, by regulating degree of tightness knob 28, connecting montant 24 can do vertical elevating movement at tripod 29 simultaneously; Tripod has been fixedly mounted on stable equilibrium's piece 30,31,32 of stable equilibrium's effect.Digital filming measuring mechanism of the present invention utilizes the quick location of realization of suspension bindiny mechanism and CNC milling machine 22, and the contact number control milling machine 22, therefore can avoid CNC milling machine 22 small vibrations logarithmic codes to take and measure the influence that produces, utilize simultaneously the numerical control program of CNC milling machine 22 control systems self to guarantee that the high-resolution digital camera camera lens keeps identical distance with all cross sections of tested part again, and the digital filming measuring mechanism utilizes suspension bindiny mechanism in the flexible adjustability in the position of level and vertical direction, can be applicable to the CNC milling machine of number of different types, therefore, the present invention can form three-dimensional cross-sectional imaging measurement system fast with the CNC milling machine of number of different types.
Fig. 2 is a digital filming process of measurement control flow chart of the present invention.Computer control system of the present invention at first detects outside termination signal after beginning digital filming measurement control program, and outside termination signal artificially produces; Cut an aspect of embedding body 23 when CNC milling machine 22 after, numerical control program drives the direction motion of workbench to travel switch 7, when the target area is taken as for the best under high-resolution digital camera 19 camera lenses in the cross section of embedding body 23, workbench touches travel switch 7, and stop, the analog quantity that travel switch 7 produces is converted into data signal through digital quantity signal input/output board 4, and flow to computer 1 by signal transmssion line 3, this has just produced the digital filming measuring control signal, and high-resolution digital camera 19 is taken; After computer 1 detects the digital filming measuring control signal, just pass on to high-resolution digital camera 19 by data line 2 and take instruction, high-resolution digital camera 19 is just carried out the digital filming measurement, sends the pictorial data that is obtained to computer 1 via data line 2 simultaneously and stores.Arrive this, computer control system has just been finished obtaining of tested part one deck pictorial data.Reciprocation cycle detects outside termination signal until the cutting aspect pictorial data of obtaining whole tested part or when detecting outside termination signal again.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1) part is carried out numerical control milling, adopt high-resolution digital camera to carry out Layering is measured automatically, and whole measuring process is finished automatically, need not manual intervention, simultaneously accurate measurement part Surfaces externally and internally, this is three-coordinates measuring machine and optics reverse measuring technology institute take laser triangulation as representative Be difficult to realize, and measure the material (prerequisite is that this material can carry out machining) be not subjected to testee, The impact of color and luster, other physical characteristic of surface and measurement environment, this is again in the present tomography measuring technique ICT, MRI and supersonic digital tomography mensuration fail to reach. 2) the present invention take CNC milling machine as Machine tool as a flexible accessory of CNC milling machine, can consist of three-dimensional reverse measuring system fast with CNC milling machine System, simultaneously, suspension of the present invention bindiny mechanism has the flexible adjustability in locus in level and vertical direction, So that the present invention is applicable to the CNC milling machine of number of different types, but not the CNC milling machine of a certain type, Planer-type milling machine roughly for example, the little bench type milling machine that causes, and the present invention is in the location of CNC milling machine, need not any its Its servicing unit or technology, simultaneously, digital filming measuring mechanism of the present invention break away from CNC milling machine or Material layer is cut organisation of working, and these vibrations of having avoided organisation of working bring impact on the precision to reverse measuring. This is that at present domestic and international equipment of the same type fails to realize. In addition, will greatly expand traditional CNC milling machine The effect of equipment. 3) chip removal mechanism of the present invention utilizes the relative motion of row brush and workbench, realizes automatically The function of chip removal, and chip removal finishes in the process of working table movement, this and Xi'an hand over big laser infrared with should Develop the mode of the feasible negative pressure chip removal that equipment of the same type adopts with research institute and compare, one is reaching Under the prerequisite of anti-dandruff effect, chip removal mechanism equipment therefor of the present invention is simple, and cost is very low, its two, this Bright removal to cutting does not spend the time of reverse measuring. 4) equipment therefor of the present invention is satisfying automatic precision Under the prerequisite of measuring, device therefor hardware configuration and computer control system are simple, and cost is low. As having relied on The CNC milling machine resource that has is utilized the convenient adjustable travel switch in numerical control program and position, when taking, protects The relative position of demonstrate,proving all cutting aspects and high-resolution code camera lens is all the time constant, and need not to add in addition other Position probing and range unit are such as laser range finder and computer closed loop control etc.

Claims (4)

1. one kind is the anti-measurement mechanism of asking of three-dimensional of machine tool with the CNC milling machine, it is characterized in that, is made of computer control system, digital filming measuring mechanism, anti-dandruff mechanism and suspension bindiny mechanism;
1) computer control system comprises
Computer (1), data line (2), digital quantity signal input/output board (4), travel switch (7) and signal transmssion line (3); The digital camera (19) of data line (2) and digital filming measuring mechanism of leading up to of computer (1) is connected; Another road is connected with digital quantity signal input/output board (4) by signal transmssion line (3), digital quantity signal input/output board (4) is connected with magnet (5), and magnet (5) is connected with travel switch (7) with metal briquetting (6) on being fixed on CNC milling machine (22) lathe bed;
2) the digital filming measuring mechanism comprises
One is used to install the digital filming measurement casing (18) of digital camera;
One high-resolution digital camera (19);
Two elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamps (14);
High-resolution digital camera (19) and two elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamps (14) are installed in the casing, and elongated tubular high frequency fluorescent lamp is equipped with fluorescent tube protective cover (17); The image that high-resolution digital camera (19) will be gathered passes to computer (1) by data line (2);
3) anti-dandruff mechanism comprises
Two row brushes (8); Row brush is fixedly installed on the below that digital filming is measured casing (18) respectively;
4) the suspension bindiny mechanism that is used to support the digital filming measuring mechanism comprises:
Three stable equilibrium's pieces (30), (31), (32);
One tripod (29);
One connects montant (24);
One connects cross bar (25);
One connector (15);
Three degree of tightness knobs (26), (27), (28);
By regulating the degree of tightness knob, connect montant (24) and can go up vertical lift and fastening at tripod (29), connecting cross bar (25) can tighten and be rotated around being connected montant at connection montant (24), connector (15) is used to connect firmly digital filming and measures casing, can level stretch and be fastening in connect cross bar (25) simultaneously.
2. as claimed in claim 1 is the anti-measurement mechanism of asking of three-dimensional of machine tool with the CNC milling machine, it is characterized in that, described travel switch (7) adopts magnet (5) and metal briquetting (6) to be fixed on the lathe bed of CNC milling machine (22).
3. as claimed in claim 1 is the anti-measurement mechanism of asking of three-dimensional of machine tool with the CNC milling machine, it is characterized in that, (8) one of described row brushes are directly installed on the casing (18) by sheet metal (9) and screw (10), and another is installed in being connected and fixed on the piece (11) on the casing (18).
4. as claimed in claim 1 is the anti-measurement mechanism of asking of three-dimensional of machine tool with the CNC milling machine, it is characterized in that described high-resolution digital camera (19) is the digital camera of high pixel.
CNB031080383A 2003-05-19 2003-05-19 Three-dimensional reverse evaluating measurer with digitally controlled miller as machine tool Expired - Fee Related CN1181952C (en)

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CN101028692B (en) * 2006-03-03 2011-07-27 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Measuring device and measuring method therewith
CN101226053B (en) * 2008-01-08 2010-06-02 西安交通大学 High-precision rapid survey method for engine water jacket
CN104897583B (en) * 2015-06-18 2018-03-09 重庆理工大学 A kind of micro bloodstain the cannot-harm-detection device and method
CN112505360A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-16 天津大学 Chromatography detection device and method based on atomic force microscope and mechanical cutting
CN113607746A (en) * 2021-10-08 2021-11-05 哈焊所华通（常州）焊业股份有限公司 Detection device and detection method for porosity of aluminum alloy weld joint

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