CN118194597A - Method, device, equipment and medium for identifying well perimeter surface under stratum structure - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and medium for identifying well perimeter surface under stratum structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device, equipment and a medium for identifying a well perimeter surface under a stratum structure, which relate to the technical field of geosteering while drilling and comprise the steps of constructing an ultra-deep while drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at an ultra-deep while drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument, and determining the detection characteristics of forward looking and looking around measuring signals; determining a fault surface type and a numerical simulation model, and performing numerical simulation according to detection characteristics of forward looking and around looking measurement signals to obtain the correlation of the distance and the included angle between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the fault surface; and constructing a forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection diagram, inputting actual stratum structure data points, obtaining the relative position relation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well perimeter surface, and realizing the identification of the well perimeter surface. The application can reduce the complexity of identifying the underground peripheral surface of the stratum structure, fully considers the influence of the forward looking and the looking-around measuring signals on the detection effect of the underground peripheral surface of the stratum structure, and improves the accuracy and the efficiency of identifying the underground peripheral surface of the stratum structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geosteering while drilling, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a medium for identifying a well perimeter surface under a stratum structure.
Background
The geosteering while drilling technology can be used for guiding paths for high-inclination wells/horizontal wells, and has important significance for reducing the development cost of complex oil and gas fields and maximally developing oil and gas resources. The geological steering while drilling technology has been developed for decades, the original borehole track is adjusted to be actively guided after drilling, the detection range is also improved to tens of meters from the original few meters, however, along with the increase of the detection range, the detection difficulty is also obvious at the present stage, the existing ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging while drilling technology can detect geological anomalies in the range of tens of meters around the well, the effective pickup of the stratum interface before drilling is completed, but the influence of forward looking and looking around measurement signals on the detection effect of the well perimeter surface is not considered, and the complexity of the existing stratum model is obviously increased, so that the accuracy and efficiency of identifying the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure are reduced.
From the above, how to reduce the complexity of the identification of the underground peripheral surface of the stratum structure, and fully consider the influence of the forward looking and the looking-around measuring signals on the detection effect of the underground peripheral surface, so that the improvement of the accuracy and the efficiency of the identification of the underground peripheral surface of the stratum structure is a problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide a method, a device, equipment and a medium for identifying a well perimeter surface under a stratum structure, which can reduce the complexity of identifying the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure, fully consider the influence of forward looking and looking around measurement signals on the detection effect of the well perimeter surface, and further improve the accuracy and efficiency of identifying the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure. The specific scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, the application discloses a method for identifying a perimeter surface of a well under a stratum structure, comprising the following steps:
Constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument, and determining forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function;
Determining a fault surface type under a stratum structure, determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, and performing numerical simulation by utilizing the numerical simulation model according to the forward looking and the looking-around measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault surface; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model;
And constructing a forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph by utilizing the distance and included angle correlation, acquiring actual stratum structure data points, and inputting the actual stratum structure data points into the forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph to acquire the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface.
Optionally, the constructing an ultra-deep while drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function for the ultra-deep while drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument, determining the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by using the ultra-deep while drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function includes:
deducing and constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument based on an induction logging geometric factor theory;
And drawing forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal space distribution diagrams by using the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function, and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal space distribution diagrams to determine the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals.
Optionally, the determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault plane type, performing numerical simulation by using the numerical simulation model and according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane, includes:
Determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault plane type; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model;
if the numerical simulation model is the fault model, performing numerical simulation by using the fault model according to the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals to obtain the fault distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane;
And if the numerical simulation model is the wedge model, performing numerical simulation by using the wedge model according to the detection characteristics of the forward looking and the looking-around measuring signals to obtain the wedge distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces.
Optionally, the performing numerical simulation by using the fault model and according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain a fault distance and an included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane includes:
performing numerical simulation according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by using the fault model, so as to calculate forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the fault model, and analyzing the forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the fault model to obtain the correlation of the fault distance and the included angle between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane;
Correspondingly, the utilizing the wedge model and performing numerical simulation according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the wedge distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces comprises the following steps:
And carrying out numerical simulation according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by using the wedge-shaped model so as to calculate forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the wedge-shaped model, and analyzing the forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the wedge-shaped model to obtain the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces.
Optionally, the constructing the front view and the around view signal intersection map by using the distance and the angle correlation includes:
If the distance and included angle correlation is the fault distance and included angle correlation, constructing a fault amplitude ratio forward looking and backward looking signal intersection graph and a phase difference signal forward looking and backward looking signal intersection graph by using the fault distance and included angle correlation;
If the distance and angle correlation is the wedge-shaped distance and angle correlation, a wedge-shaped amplitude ratio front view and around view signal intersection graph and a phase difference signal front view and around view signal intersection graph are constructed by utilizing the wedge-shaped distance and angle correlation.
Optionally, inputting the actual formation structure data point into the forward-looking and around-looking signal intersection diagrams to obtain a relative positional relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and a well periphery interface under the formation structure, so as to realize identification of the well periphery interface, including:
Dividing the regions of the front view and the around view signal intersection graphs by utilizing the distance from the electromagnetic wave logging instrument to the interface and the included angle data points in the same ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth in the front view and the around view signal intersection graphs so as to obtain the divided front view and around view signal intersection graphs;
And inputting actual stratum structure data points into the partitioned forward-looking and looking-around signal intersection graphs to obtain the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure, so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface.
In a second aspect, the application discloses a well perimeter surface identification device under a formation structure, comprising:
The function and characteristic determining module is used for constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument, and determining the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function;
The numerical simulation module is used for determining the fault surface type under the stratum structure, determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, and performing numerical simulation according to the forward looking and the around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by utilizing the numerical simulation model to obtain the distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the fault surface; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model;
And the well perimeter surface identification module is used for constructing a forward-looking signal intersection graph and a surrounding signal intersection graph by utilizing the distance and included angle correlation, acquiring actual stratum structure data points, inputting the actual stratum structure data points into the forward-looking signal intersection graph and the surrounding signal intersection graph, and obtaining the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and a well perimeter interface under the stratum structure so as to realize the identification of the well perimeter interface.
Optionally, the function and characteristic determining module includes:
The function deduction construction module is used for deducting and constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument based on the induction logging geometric factor theory;
And the spatial distribution diagram drawing and analyzing module is used for drawing forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal spatial distribution diagrams by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal spatial distribution diagrams so as to determine the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals.
In a third aspect, the present application discloses an electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
And the processor is used for executing the computer program to realize the method for identifying the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure.
In a fourth aspect, the present application discloses a computer storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein the computer program when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method of identifying a well perimeter surface under a formation as previously disclosed.
It can be seen that the application provides a method for identifying a well perimeter surface under a stratum structure, comprising the steps of constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument, and determining forward looking and looking around measurement signal detection characteristics by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function; determining a fault surface type under a stratum structure, determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, and performing numerical simulation by utilizing the numerical simulation model according to the forward looking and the looking-around measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault surface; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model; and constructing a forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph by utilizing the distance and included angle correlation, acquiring actual stratum structure data points, and inputting the actual stratum structure data points into the forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph to acquire the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface. According to the application, the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling is taken as a research object, an ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function is constructed, the detection characteristics of forward looking and around looking measurement signals are obtained, the influence of the around looking and forward looking measurement signals on the well perimeter surface detection effect is fully considered, numerical simulation is carried out, the distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and a fault plane are obtained, the identification method can be simplified, thereby the distance and the relative included angle between the instrument and a stratum interface are rapidly and effectively identified, actual stratum structure data points are input into the constructed forward looking and around looking signal intersection diagram, the relative position relation of the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the well perimeter interface under the stratum structure is obtained, namely, the difference of the response of the forward looking and around looking signals to the interface is utilized, the determination of the well perimeter surface relative position is completed by utilizing the combination of different measurement modes, the complexity of the identification of the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure is reduced, and the accuracy and the identification efficiency of the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for identifying a perimeter surface of a well in a subterranean formation in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing spatial sensitivity profiles of forward-looking and look-around measurement signals of ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging in accordance with the present application;
fig. 3 is a graph of amplitude and phase signals of a receiving antenna according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary view of a fault model of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a graph of amplitude ratio and phase difference of a look-around measurement mode under a fault model according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a graph of amplitude ratio and phase difference of a forward looking measurement mode under a fault model according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of an exemplary wedge model in accordance with the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a graph of amplitude ratio and phase difference of a look-around measurement mode under a wedge model according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a graph of amplitude ratio and phase difference of a forward looking measurement mode under a wedge model according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the intersection of amplitude ratios and phase difference recognition interfaces under a fault model according to the present application;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the intersection of amplitude ratio and phase difference recognition interfaces under a wedge model according to the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a well perimeter surface identification device under a subterranean formation according to the present disclosure;
Fig. 13 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The geosteering while drilling technology can be used for guiding paths for high-inclination wells/horizontal wells, and has important significance for reducing the development cost of complex oil and gas fields and maximally developing oil and gas resources. The geological steering while drilling technology has been developed for decades, the original borehole track is adjusted to be actively guided after drilling, the detection range is also improved to tens of meters from the original few meters, however, along with the increase of the detection range, the detection difficulty is also obvious at the present stage, the existing ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging while drilling technology can detect geological anomalies in the range of tens of meters around the well, the effective pickup of the stratum interface before drilling is completed, but the influence of forward looking and looking around measurement signals on the detection effect of the well perimeter surface is not considered, and the complexity of the existing stratum model is obviously increased, so that the accuracy and efficiency of identifying the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure are reduced. From the above, how to reduce the complexity of the identification of the underground peripheral surface of the stratum structure, and fully consider the influence of the forward looking and the looking-around measuring signals on the detection effect of the underground peripheral surface, so that the improvement of the accuracy and the efficiency of the identification of the underground peripheral surface of the stratum structure is a problem to be solved in the field.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a method for identifying a well perimeter surface under a stratum structure, which specifically comprises the following steps:
Step S11: and constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument, and determining the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function.
In the embodiment, based on the induction logging geometric factor theory, an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument is deduced and constructed; and drawing forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal space distribution diagrams by using the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function, and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal space distribution diagrams to determine the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals.
The application takes Geosphere (ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument) as a research object, is formed by mutually orthogonal inclined transmitting and receiving coil systems, realizes magnetic field full tensor measurement by using instrument rotation, has four detection modes, and derives an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging sensitivity function by using an induction logging geometric factor theory. Geosphere achieve different detection functions by means of different component signal combinations, wherein the forward looking and around looking measurement signals are defined as follows:
Wherein V zz represents a reception signal of the z-direction transmission coil in the z-direction, V zx represents a reception signal of the z-direction transmission coil in the x-direction, V xz represents a reception signal of the x-direction transmission coil in the z-direction, V xx represents a reception signal of the x-direction transmission coil in the x-direction, V yy represents a reception signal of the y-direction transmission coil in the y-direction, V ij represents an electric signal measured by the i-direction transmission coil in the j-direction, and USDA/USDP and UHRA/UHRP represent an amplitude ratio and a phase difference signal of the look-around and look-ahead detection modes, respectively. Since the electric field and the induced electromotive force have the following conversion relationship:
Wherein e is an exponential operation, i is an imaginary unit, V and θ represent signal amplitude and phase respectively, and the combination of the above formula and the signal definition mode of the while-drilling instrument is obtained:
wherein, A and delta theta respectively represent the signal amplitude ratio and the phase difference, and V 1、V2 can represent any two received signals. Taking the logarithm of the above method and deriving the logarithm, and obtaining the electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling and geometric factor S:
The real part and the imaginary part of the phase difference sensitivity function correspond to the amplitude ratio and the phase difference sensitivity function respectively:
taking the look-around detection mode as an example, definition V1＝(Vzz-Vzx)(Vzz+Vxz)、V2＝(Vzz+Vzx)(Vzz-Vxz), assumes that the transmitting coil is located at r T (0, -L/2) and the receiving coil is located at r R (0, L/2), respectively, there are:
the above reduction is available due to the cross-component signal V zx＝Vxz = 0 in a homogeneous medium:
Wherein, l＝L/2；
The same applies to the acquisition of the sensitivity function of the foresight measurement mode:
Assuming a formation model background resistivity of 10Ω·m, an instrument source distance of 8m, a signal transmission frequency of 24kHz, fig. 2 shows a spatial distribution of signal response of each detection mode in an infinitely thick uniform formation, including 90% and-90% of all response point values. It should be noted that the look-around measurement mode is integrated along the y-axis and the look-ahead measurement mode is integrated along the x-axis, taking into account the difference in detection performance of the different detection modes.
The performance analysis in combination with each detection mode shows that: the positive and negative contributions of signals in the looking-around measurement mode are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the instrument, and when a stratum boundary exists around the well, a measurement curve generates signal difference along with the change of the interface azimuth, so that the method can be used for identifying the stratum boundary; the signal space distribution of the forward vision measurement mode is axisymmetric with respect to the instrument, has no azimuth directivity, is mainly used for acquiring the formation resistivity, but has obvious positive and negative contribution difference in the instrument axis direction, and can be used for identifying the formation boundary information before drilling.
Step S12: determining a fault surface type under a stratum structure, determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, and performing numerical simulation by utilizing the numerical simulation model according to the forward looking and the looking-around measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault surface; the numerical simulation model includes a fault model and a wedge model.
In the embodiment, determining a fault surface type under a stratum structure, and determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model; if the numerical simulation model is the fault model, performing numerical simulation by using the fault model according to the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals to obtain the fault distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane; and if the numerical simulation model is the wedge model, performing numerical simulation by using the wedge model according to the detection characteristics of the forward looking and the looking-around measuring signals to obtain the wedge distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces.
Specifically, if the numerical simulation model is the fault model, performing numerical simulation by using the fault model according to the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal detection characteristics to calculate forward-looking and around-looking measurement curves of the fault model, and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measurement curves of the fault model to obtain the correlation of the fault distance and the included angle between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane; and if the numerical simulation model is the wedge-shaped model, performing numerical simulation by using the wedge-shaped model according to the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal detection characteristics so as to calculate forward-looking and around-looking measurement curves of the wedge-shaped model, and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measurement curves of the wedge-shaped model to obtain the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces.
In the logging while drilling process, a more common stratum model is shown in fig. 3, so that the method needs to identify a stratum interface and a front potential fault plane existing around an instrument, namely, determine the fault plane type under a stratum structure, and determine a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault plane type, namely, determine whether to perform numerical simulation by using the fault model or perform numerical simulation by using a wedge model.
Step S13: and constructing a forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph by utilizing the distance and included angle correlation, acquiring actual stratum structure data points, and inputting the actual stratum structure data points into the forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph to acquire the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface.
In this embodiment, the construction of the front view and the around view signal intersection map can be divided into the following two cases: if the numerical simulation model is the fault model, the distance and included angle correlation is the fault distance and included angle correlation, and an amplitude ratio forward looking signal intersection graph and a phase difference signal forward looking signal intersection graph of a fault are constructed by using the fault distance and included angle correlation; if the numerical simulation model is the wedge-shaped model, the distance and included angle correlation is the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation, and a wedge-shaped amplitude ratio forward looking signal intersection graph, a phase difference signal forward looking signal intersection graph and a phase difference signal circumferential signal intersection graph are constructed by utilizing the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation.
Taking the fault model shown in fig. 4 as an example, the response characteristics of different measurement modes are studied Geosphere. Assuming that the instrument source distance is 8m, the signal frequency is 24kHz, the formation resistivity is 4.OMEGA.m, 20.OMEGA.m and 2.OMEGA.m from top to bottom, the middle formation thickness is 10m, and the instrument drills horizontally from left to right. D is 1m, H is 5m, and the change range of the inclination angle theta is-45 degrees to 45 degrees. The instrument position is fixed, the change condition of logging curves under different dip angles is drawn, and an intersection chart for identifying the horizontal distance x from the instrument to the section and the dip angle theta is drawn, wherein the amplitude ratio and the phase difference curve of the looking-around measurement mode under the fault model are shown in figure 5, and the amplitude ratio and the phase difference curve of the looking-ahead measurement mode under the fault model are shown in figure 6. It can be seen from the figure that the change with inclination angle is substantially the same at different positions x, whether the amplitude ratio or the phase difference signal, and that the log curves at different values of x are approximately parallel. Similarly, the preamble signal also has the same detection characteristics. This phenomenon effectively illustrates that the look-around and look-ahead signals are commonly affected by the position x and the tilt angle θ, and that the two influencing factors are independent of each other.
Taking the wedge model shown in fig. 6 as an example, the response characteristics of the different measurement modes are studied Geosphere. Assuming that the instrument is parallel to the first interface and the included angle between the instrument and the second interface is alpha, the distance between the fixed instrument and the upper interface is 8m, the instrument parameters and formation resistivity information are kept unchanged, the forward looking and the around looking logging responses of the instrument under different alpha values are respectively simulated, the around looking measuring mode amplitude ratio and the phase difference curve under the wedge model are shown in figure 8, and the forward looking measuring mode amplitude ratio and the phase difference curve under the wedge model are shown in figure 9. It can be seen from the figure that the look-around detection signal intensity gradually decreases with increasing angle α, whereas for the look-ahead detection signal, the opposite is true, which increases with increasing angle. In addition, similar to the fault structure analysis, the separation degree between curves under different included angles is larger, and the response rule of the fault surface is more consistent.
And obtaining a measurement curve aiming at the fault and the wedge-shaped model in the previous step, establishing an intersection diagram of a forward looking measurement signal and a backward looking measurement signal, wherein the intersection diagram of an amplitude ratio and phase difference identification interface under the fault model is shown in fig. 10, the intersection diagram of the amplitude ratio and phase difference identification interface under the wedge-shaped model is shown in fig. 11, the abscissa and the ordinate respectively represent the backward looking and forward looking mode measurement signal, the dotted line in the figure represents the horizontal distance x from an instrument to a fault plane, and the solid line represents the included angle theta between the instrument and the interface.
Then acquiring actual stratum structure data points, and carrying out region division on the front-view and around-view signal intersection graphs by utilizing the distance from the electromagnetic wave logging instrument to the interface and the included angle data points in the same ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth in the front-view and around-view signal intersection graphs so as to obtain the divided front-view and around-view signal intersection graphs; and inputting actual stratum structure data points into the partitioned forward-looking and looking-around signal intersection graphs to obtain the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure, so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface.
It can be found from the intersection diagrams of fig. 10 and 11 that the solid line intersects with the dotted line and regularly divides a plurality of areas, and the actual stratum structure data points are input into the divided front view and looking-around signal intersection diagrams to obtain the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure, so as to realize the identification of the well periphery surface. In the actual logging process, the resistivity of the stratum and surrounding rock where the instrument is located can be determined by using an inversion method, a corresponding plate is searched, and the distance and the included angle between the instrument and the stratum interface are approximately determined through the falling point of the data point in the graph.
The application takes the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument as a research object, constructs an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave sensitivity function, fully considers the influence of looking-around and looking-around measuring signals on the detection effect of the well perimeter surface, analyzes the detection characteristics of the looking-around and looking-around measuring models, and utilizes the combination of different measuring modes to finish the determination of the relative position of the well perimeter surface according to the change rules of the looking-around and looking-around measuring signals under the conditions of different interface dip angles, instrument distance from the boundary and the like of the measuring signals. The method is applied to the geosteering process, can effectively identify the distance and the relative included angle between the instrument and the stratum interface, is simpler and more convenient, and can provide a certain parameter basis for later inversion.
In the embodiment, an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument is constructed, and forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics are determined by using the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function; determining a fault surface type under a stratum structure, determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, and performing numerical simulation by utilizing the numerical simulation model according to the forward looking and the looking-around measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault surface; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model; and constructing a forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph by utilizing the distance and included angle correlation, acquiring actual stratum structure data points, and inputting the actual stratum structure data points into the forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph to acquire the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface. According to the application, the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling is taken as a research object, an ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function is constructed, the detection characteristics of forward looking and around looking measurement signals are obtained, the influence of the around looking and forward looking measurement signals on the well perimeter surface detection effect is fully considered, numerical simulation is carried out, the distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and a fault plane are obtained, the identification method can be simplified, thereby the distance and the relative included angle between the instrument and a stratum interface are rapidly and effectively identified, actual stratum structure data points are input into the constructed forward looking and around looking signal intersection diagram, the relative position relation of the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the well perimeter interface under the stratum structure is obtained, namely, the difference of the response of the forward looking and around looking signals to the interface is utilized, the determination of the well perimeter surface relative position is completed by utilizing the combination of different measurement modes, the complexity of the identification of the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure is reduced, and the accuracy and the identification efficiency of the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure are improved.
Referring to fig. 12, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a device for identifying a perimeter surface of a well under a stratum structure, which may specifically include:
The function and characteristic determining module 11 is used for constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function of the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument, and determining forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by using the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function;
The numerical simulation module 12 is configured to determine a fault plane type under the formation structure, determine a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault plane type, and perform numerical simulation according to the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal detection characteristics by using the numerical simulation model to obtain a distance and an included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth while-drilling electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model;
The well perimeter surface recognition module 13 is configured to construct a forward looking signal intersection graph and a backward looking signal intersection graph by using the distance and the angle correlation, obtain an actual stratum structure data point, input the actual stratum structure data point into the forward looking signal intersection graph and the backward looking signal intersection graph, and obtain a relative position relationship between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and a well perimeter interface under the stratum structure, so as to realize recognition of the well perimeter interface.
In the embodiment, an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument is constructed, and forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics are determined by using the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function; determining a fault surface type under a stratum structure, determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, and performing numerical simulation by utilizing the numerical simulation model according to the forward looking and the looking-around measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault surface; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model; and constructing a forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph by utilizing the distance and included angle correlation, acquiring actual stratum structure data points, and inputting the actual stratum structure data points into the forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph to acquire the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface. According to the application, the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling is taken as a research object, an ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function is constructed, the detection characteristics of forward looking and around looking measurement signals are obtained, the influence of the around looking and forward looking measurement signals on the well perimeter surface detection effect is fully considered, numerical simulation is carried out, the distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and a fault plane are obtained, the identification method can be simplified, thereby the distance and the relative included angle between the instrument and a stratum interface are rapidly and effectively identified, actual stratum structure data points are input into the constructed forward looking and around looking signal intersection diagram, the relative position relation of the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the well perimeter interface under the stratum structure is obtained, namely, the difference of the response of the forward looking and around looking signals to the interface is utilized, the determination of the well perimeter surface relative position is completed by utilizing the combination of different measurement modes, the complexity of the identification of the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure is reduced, and the accuracy and the identification efficiency of the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure are improved.
In some embodiments, the function and characteristic determining module 11 may specifically include:
the sensitivity function deducing and constructing module is used for deducing and constructing an ultra-deep azimuth while drilling electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep azimuth while drilling electromagnetic wave well logging instrument based on the induction logging geometric factor theory;
And the analysis module is used for drawing forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal space distribution diagrams by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal space distribution diagrams so as to determine the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals.
In some specific embodiments, the numerical simulation module 12 may specifically include:
The numerical simulation model determining module is used for determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault plane type; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model;
The fault numerical simulation module is used for carrying out numerical simulation by utilizing the fault model according to the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal detection characteristics if the numerical simulation model is the fault model so as to obtain the fault distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane;
And the wedge-shaped numerical simulation module is used for carrying out numerical simulation by utilizing the wedge-shaped model according to the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal detection characteristics if the numerical simulation model is the wedge-shaped model so as to obtain the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces.
In some specific embodiments, the numerical simulation module 12 may specifically include:
The fault distance and included angle correlation determining module is used for carrying out numerical simulation by utilizing the fault model and according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics so as to calculate forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the fault model, and analyzing the forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the fault model to obtain the fault distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane;
in some specific embodiments, the numerical simulation module 12 may specifically include:
And the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation determining module is used for carrying out numerical simulation by utilizing the wedge-shaped model and according to the forward-looking and around-looking measuring signal detection characteristics so as to calculate forward-looking and around-looking measuring curves of the wedge-shaped model, and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measuring curves of the wedge-shaped model so as to obtain the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces.
In some embodiments, the well perimeter surface identification module 13 may specifically include:
The intersection graph construction module is used for constructing an amplitude ratio front view and an around view signal intersection graph and a phase difference signal front view and an around view signal intersection graph of the fault by utilizing the correlation of the fault distance and the angle if the correlation of the distance and the angle is the correlation of the fault distance and the angle;
and the wedge-shaped intersection graph construction module is used for constructing a wedge-shaped amplitude ratio forward looking signal intersection graph, a phase difference signal forward looking signal intersection graph and a phase difference signal circumferential looking signal intersection graph by utilizing the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation if the distance and included angle correlation is the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation.
In some embodiments, the well perimeter surface identification module 13 may specifically include:
The region dividing module is used for dividing the regions of the front view and the looking-around signal intersection graphs by utilizing the distance from the electromagnetic wave logging instrument to the interface and the included angle data points in the same ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth in the front view and the looking-around signal intersection graphs so as to obtain the divided front view and looking-around signal intersection graphs;
and the well perimeter surface recognition module is used for inputting actual stratum structure data points into the partitioned forward-looking and looking-around signal intersection graphs so as to obtain the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well perimeter interface under the stratum structure, and recognition of the well perimeter interface is realized.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 20 may specifically include: at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. Wherein the memory 22 is configured to store a computer program that is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the relevant steps in the method for identifying a perimeter surface of a well under a formation structure performed by an electronic device as disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments.
In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is configured to provide an operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and an external device, and the communication protocol to be followed is any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of the present application, which is not specifically limited herein; the input/output interface 25 is used for acquiring external input data or outputting external output data, and the specific interface type thereof may be selected according to the specific application requirement, which is not limited herein.
The memory 22 may be a carrier for storing resources, such as a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the resources stored thereon include an operating system 221, a computer program 222, and data 223, and the storage may be temporary storage or permanent storage.
The operating system 221 is used for managing and controlling various hardware devices on the electronic device 20 and the computer program 222, so as to implement the operation and processing of the data 223 in the memory 22 by the processor 21, which may be Windows, unix, linux or the like. The computer program 222 may further include a computer program that can be used to perform other specific tasks in addition to the computer program that can be used to perform the method of identifying a perimeter surface of a well under a subterranean formation performed by the electronic device 20 as disclosed in any of the previous embodiments. The data 223 may include, in addition to data received by the downhole surface identification device in the formation and transmitted by an external device, data collected by the own input/output interface 25, and so on.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may be disposed in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
Further, the embodiment of the application also discloses a computer readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor, the method for identifying the well perimeter surface under the stratum structure disclosed in any embodiment is realized.
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing has described in detail the method, apparatus, device and storage medium for identifying a well perimeter surface in a subterranean formation, and specific examples have been provided herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, the above examples being provided only to assist in understanding the method and core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (10)
1. A method of identifying a perimeter surface of a well in a subterranean formation, comprising:
Constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument, and determining forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function;
Determining a fault surface type under a stratum structure, determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, and performing numerical simulation by utilizing the numerical simulation model according to the forward looking and the looking-around measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault surface; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model;
And constructing a forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph by utilizing the distance and included angle correlation, acquiring actual stratum structure data points, and inputting the actual stratum structure data points into the forward-looking and backward-looking signal intersection graph to acquire the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function for an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging tool, determining look-ahead and look-around measurement signal detection characteristics using the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function comprises:
deducing and constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument based on an induction logging geometric factor theory;
And drawing forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal space distribution diagrams by using the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function, and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal space distribution diagrams to determine the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals.
3. The method for identifying a well perimeter surface under a stratum structure according to claim 1, wherein determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, performing numerical simulation according to the forward-looking and the looking-around measurement signal detection characteristics by using the numerical simulation model to obtain the distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault surface comprises:
Determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault plane type; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model;
if the numerical simulation model is the fault model, performing numerical simulation by using the fault model according to the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals to obtain the fault distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane;
And if the numerical simulation model is the wedge model, performing numerical simulation by using the wedge model according to the detection characteristics of the forward looking and the looking-around measuring signals to obtain the wedge distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces.
4. The method for identifying a perimeter surface of a well in a formation according to claim 3, wherein performing numerical simulation by using the fault model and according to the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain a fault distance and an included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault surface comprises:
performing numerical simulation according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by using the fault model, so as to calculate forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the fault model, and analyzing the forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the fault model to obtain the correlation of the fault distance and the included angle between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the fault plane;
Correspondingly, the utilizing the wedge model and performing numerical simulation according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics to obtain the wedge distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces comprises the following steps:
And carrying out numerical simulation according to the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by using the wedge-shaped model so as to calculate forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the wedge-shaped model, and analyzing the forward looking and around looking measurement curves of the wedge-shaped model to obtain the wedge-shaped distance and included angle correlation between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and the upper and lower interfaces.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said constructing a forward looking and reverse looking signal intersection using said distance and angle correlation comprises:
If the distance and included angle correlation is the fault distance and included angle correlation, constructing a fault amplitude ratio forward looking and backward looking signal intersection graph and a phase difference signal forward looking and backward looking signal intersection graph by using the fault distance and included angle correlation;
If the distance and angle correlation is the wedge-shaped distance and angle correlation, a wedge-shaped amplitude ratio front view and around view signal intersection graph and a phase difference signal front view and around view signal intersection graph are constructed by utilizing the wedge-shaped distance and angle correlation.
6. The method for identifying a perimeter surface of a well under a formation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein inputting the actual formation data points into the forward-looking and look-around signal intersection map obtains a relative positional relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth while drilling electromagnetic wave logging instrument and a perimeter interface under the formation so as to identify the perimeter interface, and comprises:
Dividing the regions of the front view and the around view signal intersection graphs by utilizing the distance from the electromagnetic wave logging instrument to the interface and the included angle data points in the same ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth in the front view and the around view signal intersection graphs so as to obtain the divided front view and around view signal intersection graphs;
And inputting actual stratum structure data points into the partitioned forward-looking and looking-around signal intersection graphs to obtain the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the well periphery interface under the stratum structure, so as to realize the identification of the well periphery interface.
7. A well perimeter surface identification device under a subterranean formation, comprising:
The function and characteristic determining module is used for constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument, and determining the forward looking and around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function;
The numerical simulation module is used for determining the fault surface type under the stratum structure, determining a corresponding numerical simulation model based on the fault surface type, and performing numerical simulation according to the forward looking and the around looking measurement signal detection characteristics by utilizing the numerical simulation model to obtain the distance and the included angle correlation between the ultra-deep azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument while drilling and the fault surface; the numerical simulation model comprises a fault model and a wedge model;
And the well perimeter surface identification module is used for constructing a forward-looking signal intersection graph and a surrounding signal intersection graph by utilizing the distance and included angle correlation, acquiring actual stratum structure data points, inputting the actual stratum structure data points into the forward-looking signal intersection graph and the surrounding signal intersection graph, and obtaining the relative position relationship between the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave logging instrument and a well perimeter interface under the stratum structure so as to realize the identification of the well perimeter interface.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the function and property determination module comprises:
The function deduction construction module is used for deducting and constructing an ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function aiming at the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well logging instrument based on the induction logging geometric factor theory;
And the spatial distribution diagram drawing and analyzing module is used for drawing forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal spatial distribution diagrams by utilizing the ultra-deep while-drilling azimuth electromagnetic wave well sensitivity function and analyzing the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signal spatial distribution diagrams so as to determine the detection characteristics of the forward-looking and around-looking measurement signals.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
A processor for executing the computer program to implement the method of well perimeter surface identification under a subterranean formation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements a method of well perimeter surface identification under a subterranean formation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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