CN118190223A - Device for measuring local three-dimensional pressure of bulk material stacking body and application method - Google Patents
Device for measuring local three-dimensional pressure of bulk material stacking body and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118190223A CN118190223A CN202410344903.5A CN202410344903A CN118190223A CN 118190223 A CN118190223 A CN 118190223A CN 202410344903 A CN202410344903 A CN 202410344903A CN 118190223 A CN118190223 A CN 118190223A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 claims 6
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001931 Ludwigia octovalvis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/16—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for measuring local three-dimensional pressure of a bulk material stack and a use method thereof. The measuring device comprises a frame, a shell and a measuring head, wherein the measuring head takes an air bag capable of deforming as a pressure value measuring core. In the using method of the device, the air bags are sequentially inflated and deflated, and the axial pressure and the radial pressure of the to-be-measured point can be measured by combining the space limitation formed by the frame, the shell, the sliding block, the conical head and the like, and the local pressure index is further calculated. Compared with the traditional measuring device, the device has the outstanding advantages of being capable of measuring local three-dimensional pressure at one time, reducing friction interference of a structure between the conical head and a pressure data acquisition point and the like, and can provide technical and method support for pile parameter detection and operation optimization of relevant operation machines for bulk materials such as a seeder, a fertilizer applicator, a bundling machine and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of measurement technology and equipment, and particularly relates to a device for measuring local three-dimensional pressure of a bulk material stack and a use method thereof.
Background
Discrete materials often form bulk aggregates under natural conditions or manual manipulation and exhibit complex bulk aggregation characteristics. Such as: the phenomena of material accumulation and arching caused by unreasonable design of seed boxes and fertilizer boxes are extremely easy to occur in the operation process of a seeder, a fertilizer applicator and the like, so that the blocking is caused, and the operation efficiency is reduced; soil shows different compactness in different areas and at different depths due to various factors such as granularity, humidity, plant root system, animal activity and the like, and the factors can be reacted; in the process of grain storage, the local stacking conditions of the grains are not completely consistent due to a large warehouse or a bin barrel and the like, and the local stacking density, the porosity and the like of the grains can have great influence on the temperature and humidity change in the storage process; in the wrapping after the forage grass is densely formed, the density of different parts can have great influence on the silage fermentation process.
At present, widely used equipment such as soil solidity meters and the like can only measure axial resistance and can be interfered by wall friction to a certain extent; the internal structure can be scanned by transmission scanning technology such as gamma rays and the like so as to analyze local aggregation characteristics, but equipment requirements and detection cost are high. Local pressure is an important physical parameter for measuring the aggregation characteristics, and if the physical parameter can be measured by an instrument, the local pressure can provide important reference for the mechanical and kinematic characteristic analysis of bulk materials and theoretical support for the design of related mechanical equipment. Therefore, a rapid detection technology and equipment for the local three-dimensional pressure of the bulk material pile are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the background technology and the problems, the invention provides a device for measuring the local three-dimensional pressure of a bulk material stacking body and a use method thereof, so as to realize the quick detection of the local pressure of the bulk material which is gathered in a natural state, manually stacked, densely formed and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The device comprises a frame 1, a shell 2 and a measuring head 3, wherein the frame 1 and the measuring head 3 are respectively connected with two ends of the shell 2; the machine frame 1 comprises a machine frame main body, a straight rod, a handle 101, a display screen 102, a protruding threaded pipe 103 and a mounting head 104, wherein the handle 101 is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the machine frame main body, the display screen 102 is arranged on the top side of the machine frame main body, the protruding threaded pipe 103 is arranged on the left side of the machine frame main body, the protruding threaded pipe 103 is positioned at the right end part of the straight rod, and the mounting head 104 is positioned at the left end part of the straight rod; the mounting head 104 comprises a structural housing mating surface 1041, a limiting cavity 1042, and a pipe channel 1043; the limiting cavity 1042 is located inside the housing mating surface 1041, the pipe channel 1043 is located on the right side of the limiting cavity 1042, and the diameter of the pipe channel is smaller than that of the limiting cavity 1042; the shell 2 comprises a structural inner wall surface 201, an internal thread 202 and a discharge inclined surface 203, wherein the internal thread 202 and the discharge inclined surface 203 are respectively positioned at two ends of the structural inner wall surface 201, the structural inner wall surface 201 is in sliding fit with a shell matching surface 1041, the internal thread 202 is in matched connection with the protruding threaded pipe 103, and the discharge inclined surface 203 is used for reducing axial resistance in the penetrating process;
The measuring head 3 comprises an air bag 301, a cone head 302 and a sliding block 303; the sliding block 303 is T-shaped, the air bag 301 surrounds a small diameter section of the sliding block 303 and is clamped between the conical head 302 and the matching surface 1041 of the structural shell, the air bag 301 is an annular bag with an air pipe 3011 inside, and the air bag 301 can be inflated and deflated through the air pipe 3011;
The slider 303 includes a structural air pipe channel 3031, a limiting block 3032, and a conical head matching thread 3033, the structural air pipe channel 3031 is arranged on a small diameter section of the slider 303, the limiting block 3032 is a large diameter section of the structural air pipe channel 3031, the conical head matching thread 3033 is arranged on the end of the small diameter section of the slider 303, the structural air pipe channel 3031 is a strip-shaped hole and can allow the air pipe 3011 to pass through and axially move, the limiting block 3032 is positioned inside a limiting cavity 1042 and is slidably matched with the limiting cavity 1042, and can axially and limitedly slide in the limiting cavity, the conical head matching thread 3033 is matched and connected with a threaded hole of the core part of the conical head 302, and the pipe channel 1043 allows a pipe connected with the air pipe 3011 to pass through and is externally connected with an air pressure loop.
The length of the outer cylindrical surface of the cone head 302 along the axial direction is L, and the axial length of the airbag 301 in the uninflated state is 2L.
The application method of the device for measuring the local three-dimensional pressure of the bulk material stack comprises the following steps:
(a is the distance between the point to be measured and the surface of the material stack in the axial direction of the device, and the mark line 3021 is the intersection line of the outer conical surface and the cylindrical surface of the cone head 302.)
S1, externally connecting an air pipe 3011 with an air pressure loop;
S2, rotating the shell 2, and enabling the shell to move along the axis of the device under the action of the protruding pipe threads 103 and the internal threads 202 until the uninflated air bag 301 is covered;
S3, applying force to the handle 101 to enable the device to penetrate the material stacking body along the axial direction until the marking line 3021 reaches a position with a distance of 2L from the to-be-detected point (namely, the penetrating depth is a-2L);
S4, inflating the air bag 301 until the air bag 301 is inflated in volume and just fills the space surrounded by the mounting head 104, the conical head 302 and the shell 2, and stopping the air flow of the air bag 301 (namely keeping the air quantity inside the air bag 301 constant);
S5, applying force to the handle 101 to enable the device to slowly penetrate into the depth 4L along the axial direction at a uniform speed (namely, the penetrating depth of the mark line 3021 is a+4L), wherein the resistance applied by the conical head 302 in the process is applied to the air bag 301 along the axial direction, and the volume of the air bag 301 is reduced along the axial direction; since the amount of gas inside the balloon 301 is constant, the pressure inside the balloon 301 will vary with the axial force applied to the penetration process bit 302, the greater the axial force, the greater the pressure inside the balloon 301; the internal pressure value of the whole process air bag 301 is recorded, and according to the mechanical property of the air bag 301, the axial pressure data of the whole process is calculated by combining the data of the gas quantity, and the arithmetic average value is calculated ；
S6, removing the force applied by the handle 101, and retracting the frame 1 under the action of the expansion trend of the air bag 301 until the air bag 301 is restored to the axial length in the step S4;
S7, rotating the shell 2, and enabling the shell to move along the device axis direction and the direction opposite to the penetrating direction under the action of the protruding pipe threads 103 and the internal threads 202 until the air bag 301 is completely exposed;
S8, continuously inflating the air bag 301 and expanding the air bag in the radial direction, wherein the radial radius exceeds the diameter of the outer column surface of the conical head 302 until the internal air pressure reaches a set value; the volume of the balloon 301 will be smaller and the amount of inflation will be smaller as compared to the unloaded (i.e., balloon 301 has no radially expanding external resistance); the inflation amount is recorded, and radial pressure data at the inflation end point is calculated according to the mechanical property of the air bag 301 and the pressure data ；
S9, calculating the local pressure index of the to-be-measured point according to the following formula ：
(Equation 1)
In the formula 1 of the present invention,And/>Are given constants.
S10, exhausting all the gas in the air bag 301 to restore the air bag to an uninflated state;
S11, rotating the shell 2, and enabling the shell to move along the axis of the device under the action of the protruding pipe threads 103 and the internal threads 202 until the uninflated air bag 301 is covered;
S12, by applying force to the handle 101, the device is taken out;
s13, repeating S1-S12, sequentially measuring all points to be measured, and obtaining local pressure indexes of each point 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. Compared with the traditional measuring instruments such as a soil firmness instrument, the axial penetration pressure data acquisition point (namely the air bag 301) of the device is positioned at the end part of the device, and the influence of the friction force between the structure of the cone head 302 and the pressure data acquisition point and the material on the measuring result is eliminated to the maximum possibility;
2. While most of traditional measuring instruments can only measure axial or radial pressure data of a certain point, the invention can reasonably utilize the air bag 301 and a matched air pressure loop to measure the axial and radial pressure data of the point to be measured at one time, and further calculate the local pressure index of the point by a formula 1 to reflect the local three-dimensional pressure of the point to be measured;
3. The measuring head 3 of the invention can be independently a local pressure sensor and can be matched with other equipment and devices for use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a frame;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mounting head;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the housing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the head bladder in an uninflated state;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a slider;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the measuring head in an axially measuring idle state;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the axial measurement state of the measuring head;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a measuring head in a radial measurement idle state;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a radial measurement state of a measuring head;
In the drawings, reference numerals are: 1-a frame; 2-a housing; 3-measuring head; 101-a handle; 102-a display screen; 103-projecting threaded pipe; 104-mounting a head; 1041-a housing mating surface; 1042-limiting cavity; 1043-pipeline channels; 201-inner wall surface; 202-internal threads; 203-a discharge slope; 301-an air bag; 3011-trachea; 302-conical head; 3021-marking lines; 303-a slider; 3031-tracheal passage; 3032-limiting blocks; 3033-the bit mates with threads.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for measuring the partial three-dimensional pressure of the bulk material pile comprises a frame 1, a shell 2 and a measuring head 3.
As shown in fig. 2 to 3, the rack 1 includes a handle 101, a display screen 102, a protruding threaded pipe 103, and a mounting head 104. The handle 101 is used for holding and applying force, and the protruding pipe thread 103 is positioned at the root part on the right side of the straight rod. The mounting head 104 is located at the top of the left side of the straight rod, and comprises a structural housing mating surface 1041, a limiting cavity 1042, and a pipe channel 1043.
As shown in fig. 4, the housing 2 includes a structural inner wall surface 201, an internal thread 202 and a discharge inclined surface 203, the inner wall surface 201 is engaged with the housing engagement surface 1041, the internal thread 202 is engaged with the protruding pipe thread 103, and the discharge inclined surface 203 is used to reduce the axial resistance in the penetration process.
As shown in fig. 5, the measuring head 3 includes a balloon 301, a taper head 302, and a slider 303. The balloon 301 is an annular balloon having an air tube 3011 inside, and the balloon 301 can be inflated and deflated through the air tube 3011. As shown in FIG. 6, the slider 303 includes a structural gas tube passage 3031, a stopper 3032, and a bit mating thread 3033, the gas tube passage 3031 being a bar-shaped hole and allowing the gas tube 3011 to pass through and move axially, the stopper 3032 being engageable with and slidably restrained axially within a stopper cavity 1042, the bit mating thread 3033 being engageable with a threaded hole in the core of the bit 302.
The tubing passage 1043 may allow tubing attached to the tubing 3011 to pass through and circumscribe the pneumatic circuit.
The length of the outer cylindrical surface of the cone head 302 in the axial direction is L, and the axial length of the airbag 301 in the uninflated state is 2L.
The application method of the device for measuring the local three-dimensional pressure of the bulk material stack comprises the following steps:
(a is the distance between the point to be measured and the surface of the material stack in the axial direction of the device, and the mark line 3021 is the intersection line of the outer conical surface and the cylindrical surface of the cone head 302.)
S1, externally connecting an air pipe 3011 with an air pressure loop;
S2, rotating the shell 2, and enabling the shell to move along the axis of the device under the action of the protruding pipe threads 103 and the internal threads 202 until the uninflated air bag 301 is covered;
S3, applying force to the handle 101 to enable the device to penetrate the material stacking body along the axial direction until the marking line 3021 reaches a position with a distance of 2L from the to-be-detected point (namely, the penetrating depth is a-2L);
S4, as shown in FIG. 7, the air bag 301 is inflated until the air bag 301 is inflated in volume and just fills the space surrounded by the mounting head 104, the conical head 302 and the shell 2, and the air flow of the air bag 301 is stopped (namely, the air quantity inside the air bag 301 is kept constant);
s5, as shown in FIG. 8, by applying force to the handle 101, the device slowly penetrates into the depth 4L along the axial direction at a uniform speed (namely, the penetrating depth of the marking line 3021 is a+2L), the resistance applied by the cone head 302 in the process is applied to the air bag 301 along the axial direction, and the volume of the air bag 301 is reduced along the axial direction; since the amount of gas inside the balloon 301 is constant, the pressure inside the balloon 301 will vary with the axial force applied to the penetration process bit 302, the greater the axial force, the greater the pressure inside the balloon 301; the internal pressure value of the whole process air bag 301 is recorded, and according to the mechanical property of the air bag 301, the axial pressure data of the whole process is calculated by combining the data of the gas quantity, and the arithmetic average value is calculated ；
S6, removing the force applied by the handle 101, and retracting the frame 1 under the action of the expansion trend of the air bag 301 until the air bag 301 is restored to the axial length in the step S4;
S7, rotating the shell 2, and enabling the shell to move along the device axis direction and the direction opposite to the penetrating direction under the action of the protruding pipe threads 103 and the internal threads 202 until the air bag 301 is completely exposed;
S8, continuously inflating the air bag 301 and expanding the air bag in the radial direction, wherein the radial radius exceeds the diameter of the outer column surface of the conical head 302 until the internal air pressure reaches a set value; the volume of the balloon 301 will be smaller and the amount of inflation will be smaller (as shown in fig. 10) than in the unloaded (i.e., balloon 301 has no radially expanding external resistance) state; the inflation amount is recorded, and radial pressure data at the inflation end point is calculated according to the mechanical property of the air bag 301 and the pressure data ；
S9, calculating the local pressure index of the to-be-measured point according to the following formula：
(Equation 1)
In the formula 1 of the present invention,And/>Are given constants.
S10, exhausting all the gas in the air bag 301 to restore the air bag to an uninflated state;
S11, rotating the shell 2, and enabling the shell to move along the axis of the device under the action of the protruding pipe threads 103 and the internal threads 202 until the uninflated air bag 301 is covered;
S12, by applying force to the handle 101, the device is taken out;
s13, repeating S1-S12, sequentially measuring all points to be measured, and obtaining local pressure indexes of each point 。
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a local three-dimensional pressure measurement device of bulk material stack, includes frame (1), shell (2) and measuring head (3), and frame (1) and measuring head (3) are connected in the both ends of shell (2) respectively, a serial communication port, frame (1) are including frame main part, straight-bar, handle (101), display screen (102), protruding screwed pipe (103) and installation head (104), and both sides all are provided with handle (101) around the frame main part, and display screen (102) set up in frame main part top side, and protruding screwed pipe (103) set up in frame main part left side, and protruding screwed pipe (103) are located straight-bar right-hand member portion, and installation head (104) are located straight-bar left end portion; the mounting head (104) comprises a structural shell matching surface (1041), a limiting cavity (1042) and a pipe channel (1043); the limiting cavity (1042) is positioned in the shell matching surface (1041), the pipe channel (1043) is positioned on the right side of the limiting cavity (1042), and the diameter of the pipe channel is smaller than that of the limiting cavity (1042); the shell (2) comprises a structure inner wall surface (201), an internal thread (202) and a discharging inclined surface (203), wherein the internal thread (202) and the discharging inclined surface (203) are respectively positioned at two ends of the structure inner wall surface (201), the structure inner wall surface (201) is in sliding fit with the shell matching surface (1041), the internal thread (202) is in matching connection with the protruding threaded pipe (103), and the discharging inclined surface (203) is used for reducing axial resistance in the penetrating process;
The measuring head (3) comprises an air bag (301), a cone head (302) and a sliding block (303); the sliding block (303) is of a T shape, the air bag (301) surrounds a small-diameter section of the sliding block (303) and is clamped between the conical head (302) and the matching surface (1041) of the structural shell, the air bag (301) is an annular bag with an air pipe (3011) inside, and the air bag (301) can be inflated and deflated through the air pipe (3011);
The slider (303) contains structure trachea passageway (3031), stopper (3032), conical head cooperation screw thread (3033), structure trachea passageway (3031) sets up in the path section of slider (303), stopper (3032) are the major diameter section of structure trachea passageway (3031), conical head cooperation screw thread (3033) set up in the path section tip of slider (303), structure trachea passageway (3031) are the bar hole and can allow trachea (3011) to pass through and follow axial displacement, stopper (3032) are located spacing chamber (1042) inside, and with spacing chamber (1042) sliding fit, and can have the slip of restriction along the axial therein, conical head cooperation screw thread (3033) are connected with the screw hole cooperation of conical head (302) core, pipe passageway (1043) allow the pipeline that meets with trachea (3011) to pass through and external pneumatic circuit.
2. The bulk material accumulation body local three-dimensional pressure measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the length of the outer cylindrical surface of the conical head (302) along the axial direction is L, and the axial length of the air bag (301) in the non-inflated state is 2L.
3. A method of using a bulk material stack local three-dimensional pressure measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, externally connecting an air pipe (3011) with an air pressure loop;
S2, rotating the shell (2) and enabling the shell to move along the axis of the device under the action of the protruding threaded pipe (103) and the internal threads (202) until the uninflated air bag (301) is covered;
S3, applying force to the handle (101) to enable the device to penetrate the material stacking body along the axial direction until the marking line (3021) reaches a position with a distance of 2L from the to-be-measured point;
S4, inflating the air bag (301) until the air bag is inflated in volume and just fills a space surrounded by the mounting head (104), the conical head (302) and the shell (2), and stopping the air flow of the air bag (301);
S5, applying force to the handle (101) to enable the device to slowly penetrate into the depth 4L at a uniform speed along the axial direction, wherein the resistance applied by the conical head (302) in the process is applied to the air bag (301) along the axial direction, and the volume of the air bag (301) is reduced along the axial direction; because the gas amount in the air bag (301) is constant, the pressure in the air bag (301) can change along with the axial force applied by the cone head (302) in the penetration process, and the pressure in the air bag (301) can be larger when the axial force is larger; recording the internal pressure value of the whole process air bag (301), calculating the axial pressure data of the whole process according to the mechanical property of the air bag (301) and the data of the gas quantity, and calculating the arithmetic average value ；
S6, removing the force applied by the handle (101) to enable the frame (1) to retract under the action of the expansion trend of the air bag (301) until the air bag (301) is restored to the axial length in the step S4;
S7, rotating the shell (2) and enabling the shell to move along the axis of the device in the direction opposite to the penetrating direction under the action of the protruding threaded pipe (103) and the internal threads (202) until the air bag (301) is completely exposed;
S8, continuously inflating the air bag (301) and expanding the air bag in the radial direction, wherein the radial radius exceeds the diameter of the outer column surface of the conical head (302) until the internal air pressure reaches a set value; the volume of the air bag (301) is smaller than that of the air bag (301) in an empty state, and the inflation amount is smaller; the inflation amount is recorded, and radial pressure data at the inflation end point is calculated according to the mechanical property of the air bag (301) and the pressure data ；
S9, calculating the local pressure index of the to-be-measured point according to the following formula：
In the formula (i),And/>Are given constants;
s10, exhausting all the gas in the air bag (301) to restore the air bag to an uninflated state;
s11, rotating the shell (2) and enabling the shell to move along the axis of the device under the action of the protruding threaded pipe (103) and the internal threads (202) until the uninflated air bag (301) is covered;
s12, taking out the device by applying force to the handle (101);
s13, repeating S1-S12, sequentially measuring all points to be measured, and obtaining local pressure indexes of each point 。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410344903.5A CN118190223A (en) | 2024-03-25 | 2024-03-25 | Device for measuring local three-dimensional pressure of bulk material stacking body and application method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410344903.5A CN118190223A (en) | 2024-03-25 | 2024-03-25 | Device for measuring local three-dimensional pressure of bulk material stacking body and application method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118190223A true CN118190223A (en) | 2024-06-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410344903.5A Pending CN118190223A (en) | 2024-03-25 | 2024-03-25 | Device for measuring local three-dimensional pressure of bulk material stacking body and application method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118190223A (en) |
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2024
- 2024-03-25 CN CN202410344903.5A patent/CN118190223A/en active Pending
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