CN118175718A - High beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator - Google Patents
High beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN118175718A CN118175718A CN202410609940.4A CN202410609940A CN118175718A CN 118175718 A CN118175718 A CN 118175718A CN 202410609940 A CN202410609940 A CN 202410609940A CN 118175718 A CN118175718 A CN 118175718A
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- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- -1 cesium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 5
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000502 Li-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SXQXMCWCWVCFPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O SXQXMCWCWVCFPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- NCCSSGKUIKYAJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium(1+) Chemical compound [Rb+] NCCSSGKUIKYAJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Landscapes
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator, which belongs to the fields of ion accelerators, plasma diagnosis technology and heavy particle fusion, and comprises the following components: an ion source emitter providing ion emitter heating and replaceable different ion emitting materials; an extraction electrode, forming a potential difference with the Pierce electrode; ceramic insulating cavity, water cooling cavity, single lens, etc. The invention adopts single-stage acceleration, can provide an integrated platform for integrated two-stage or multi-stage acceleration, provides a platform for a higher-energy accelerator, can focus charged ions without changing the energy of a light beam, and realizes the reduction of the beam diameter and the improvement of the beam density. The invention can flexibly change the alkali metal ion beam within the range of 1-30 keV on the premise of ensuring the beam density. The invention can be used for plasma diagnosis, heavy particle fusion, plasma instability excitation, material doping, light source generation by bombarding special targets, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of ion accelerators, plasma diagnosis technology and heavy particle fusion, and particularly relates to a high-beam low-energy alkali metal ion accelerator.
Background
With the development of magnetic confinement fusion technology, various types of magnetic confinement fusion devices are built like bamboo shoots after rain. How to measure the potential and fluctuation information in the plasma has been a technical challenge. The large-scale magnetic confinement fusion device generally adopts a heavy ion beam probe as a technical means, and the small and medium-sized devices cannot effectively solve the problem because of smaller longitudinal fields. These problems are effectively solved if different nuclear mass ratios can be effectively provided, and the beam energy is not high and the beam energy is monovalent, highly focused ion beam.
The magneto-constrained fusion device is basically discharged by hydrogen and deuterium, and the diagnostic beam cannot use the same elements. Most of common ion accelerators ionize neutral gas, charged ions are extracted from plasma, and the number of charges of the extracted ions may be different, so that difficulty is brought to scientific research. In addition, the gas discharge leading-out ion acceleration structure is complex, the manufacturing cost is high, the maintenance is troublesome, and the problems of ignition and the like are frequently caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-beam low-energy alkali metal ion accelerator, which comprises an ion source heating system, an ion accelerating system and a focusing system. Ions are generated from an ion source and accelerated by a two-electrode structure, wherein the two-electrode structure comprises a Pierce electrode and an extraction electrode, the Pierce electrode is connected with a positive bias voltage of 1-30kV, and the extraction electrode is grounded. The coulomb repulsion between the ion beams causes the ion beams to diverge, so that a single lens is arranged behind the extraction pole to focus the ion beams to improve the beam current density, so that the accelerator has the characteristics of low-energy ion beams, and the requirements of acceleration efficiency, beam current transmission efficiency and the like are met.
The low-energy alkali metal ion accelerator defined by the invention is an ion acceleration system with the ion energy of 1-30keV extracted from alkali metal ions, and the beam energy range is just suitable for a medium-small magnetic confinement fusion device to obtain potential information. The ion source emission material can be replaced by、/>、/>、、/>And the like, which can emit Li +、Na+、K+、Rb+、Cs+ monovalent ions under the action of 1-30 kV bias voltage by utilizing the special properties of aluminosilicate and heating to 300-1450 ℃. The invention has compact structure, convenient maintenance, simple principle and low manufacturing cost, and can be effectively used for measuring the potential change of the longitudinal field of the medium and small magnetic confinement fusion device within the range of 0.01-1T.
The invention can also be applied to low-temperature plasma excitation fast ion Alr-wave; the alkali metal ions after further acceleration can be injected into part of material lattices for surface modification of the material; the metal target is bombarded, a ray light source is provided for special requirements, and the method can be used for breeding and heavy particle fusion. Therefore, the invention effectively solves the problem that the medium-sized and small-sized magnetic confinement fusion device is used for measuring the plasma potential by utilizing the ion beam, and has important significance for the development of diagnostic technology and the physical research of the plasma.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator comprises an ion source emitter, an extraction electrode, a 30 kV-resistant ceramic insulating cavity, a water cooling cavity and a single lens; the ion source emitter, the extraction electrode, the 30 kV-resistant ceramic insulating cavity, the water cooling cavity and the single lens are sequentially and coaxially connected; the ion source emitter consists of a ceramic insulated heating electrode with withstand voltage of 5 kV, a conductive molybdenum rod, a silicon carbide heating plate, an ion source emitting material and a Pierce electrode, and is used for generating an alkali metal ion beam; the rear end of the heating electrode is connected with a copper wire which is hard-connected through a screw, and the rear end of the copper wire is hard-connected with a conductive molybdenum rod through the screw; the conductive molybdenum rod compacts a silicon carbide heating plate; the pierce electrode and the extraction electrode creating a potential difference between the respective arranged positions; the Pierce electrode is positioned at the front end of the ion source emission material; the ion source emission material is a porous tungsten sheet filled with high-purity micron-sized aluminosilicate and is used for generating an alkali metal ion beam; the silicon carbide heating plate is powered and heated, heat is transferred to aluminosilicate and reaches the emission temperature, after the emission temperature is reached, bias voltage is applied between the Pierce electrode and the extraction electrode, the bias voltage range is 1-30 kV, alkali metal ion beams are led out, then bias voltage is applied through the single lens, the bias voltage range is 1-30 kV, the movement track of ions is adjusted, and then the focusing of the ion beams is achieved.
Further, the ion source emission material is porous tungsten sheets filled with high-purity micron-sized aluminosilicate (such as lithium aluminosilicate, sodium aluminosilicate, potassium aluminosilicate, rubidium aluminosilicate and cesium aluminosilicate), and the ion source emission body is heated to the working temperature (300-1450 ℃) by utilizing the power supply of a high-voltage isolation transformer, so that ion beam current is generated; the diameter of the sinterable ion source (or emitting surface) is in the range of 5-30 mm. The thermal expansion coefficient of the sodium aluminosilicate of the ion source emission material is close to that of the porous tungsten sheet, and the thickness of the sintered coating can be greatly increased, so that the service life of the ion source is prolonged.
Further, the porous tungsten sheet is heated by a silicon carbide heating sheet, the temperature of the porous tungsten sheet can reach 1450 ℃, and the working temperature can be adjusted according to aluminosilicate containing different alkali metal elements. After reaching the operating temperature, an alkali ion beam is emitted under the bias between the pierce electrode and the extraction electrode.
Further, the thermal expansion coefficient is different from that of the porous tungsten sheet in the range ofTo/>Between them.
Further, the aluminosilicate has a thermal expansion coefficient ofThe porous tungsten sheet has a thermal expansion coefficient of/>The two are close, and the contact area and the adhesion force are greatly increased by sintering the two.
Further, the silicon carbide heating plate is compacted by a conductive molybdenum rod, and the conductive molybdenum rod is connected with a heating electrode to perform heating and electric connection functions. The heat is generated by the silicon carbide heating plate, and the planar silicon carbide heating plate ensures that the temperature of the ion source emitting material is uniformly distributed.
Further, the high voltage isolation transformer can provide heating current of up to 5V,300A, withstand voltage of 30 kV.
Further, the heating electrode is voltage-resistant 10 kV, and plays roles of electric insulation and conductive heating of the vacuum cavity and the flange.
Further, the Pierce electrode is connected with a positive bias voltage of 1-30kV, wherein the angle of the Pierce electrode is 135 degrees, the angle of the extraction electrode is 90 degrees, and a uniform electric field is formed with the emitting surface of the ion source.
Further, the extraction electrode is grounded.
Further, the insulating ceramic cavity can withstand 30kV high voltage, and two ends of the insulating ceramic cavity are respectively connected with a left end flange and a right end flange to play roles in fixation and high-voltage insulation. The left end flange is connected with the flange for fixing the heating electrode, and the right end flange is connected with the flange which is connected with the vacuum cavity and comprises the water inlet and the water outlet.
Further, the water cooling cavity is a grounded fixed cylinder with a water cooling groove therein, eight water cooling grooves are respectively arranged at two ends of the water cooling cavity, so that the vacuum cavity is always at room temperature, and the cooling water takes away heat brought by heat radiation generated by the ion source, so that vacuum sealing cannot be influenced by thermal expansion.
Further, the single lens is an electrostatic lens that focuses charged particles without changing the beam energy. It consists of three sets of cylindrical barrels connected in series along an axis. Focusing of ions in flight is achieved by manipulating the electric field in the ion path, the outer two sets of cylinders are grounded, the middle cylinder is kept at a fixed voltage, and the voltage adjustment range is 0-30 kV.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The alkali metal ion source is one of the core components of the accelerator, aluminosilicate is used as an emission material of the ion source, and the emission material can be replaced by lithium aluminosilicate, sodium aluminosilicate, potassium aluminosilicate, rubidium aluminosilicate and cesium aluminosilicate according to experimental requirements to provide monovalent ions with different elements. The thermal expansion coefficient of the sodium aluminosilicate is close to that of the porous tungsten sheet, and the thickness of the sintered coating can be greatly increased, so that the service life of the ion source is prolonged.
2. The ion source is heated by adopting a silicon carbide (SiC) flat plate structure, so that the temperature distribution of the ion source is uniform, the working voltage is small, the influence on beam energy caused by the heating voltage is negligible, and the ion source emission material is prevented from cracking due to non-uniform temperature. The heating adopts a high-voltage isolation transformer to supply power for alternating current heating, so that the safety of heating power supply equipment is ensured.
3. The invention adopts a single lens to improve the beam density of the ion beam. As the flight distance increases, the diameter of the ion beam under coulomb force also increases. In order to increase the beam density, ensure the signal intensity of a diagnosis system, reduce the measurement error of the system, ensure the localization of the diagnosis ion beam to increase a focused single lens after the ions are accelerated, ensure that the two ends of the focused single lens are grounded, apply 1-30 kV bias voltages to the single lens, change the movement track of the ions through electrostatic force, realize the focusing of the ions in flight and meet the special requirement of the diagnosis system on the smaller diameter of the ion beam.
4. The invention adopts single-stage acceleration, can provide an integrated platform for integrated two-stage or multi-stage acceleration and a platform for a higher-energy accelerator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an isometric view of an ion source emitter.
In the figure: 1-an ion source emitter; 100-heating the electrode; 101-a knife edge flange; 102-stainless steel long tube; 103-stainless steel flange; 104-stainless steel short bars; 105-ceramic spacers; 106-a conductive molybdenum rod; 107-silicon carbide heating plate; 108-a porous tungsten sheet; 109-aluminosilicate; 110-a fixed flange; 111-an emitter fixation cylinder; 112-pierce electrodes; 2-an extraction electrode; 3-ceramic insulating cavities; 4-a flange connected with the vacuum cavity; 5-a water cooling cavity; 6-single lens; 601-a cylinder; 602-a focusing barrel holder; 603-stainless steel tube; 604-epoxy tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the high-beam low-energy alkali metal ion accelerator is formed by connecting an ion source emitter 1, an extraction electrode 2, a 30 kV-resistant ceramic insulating cavity 3, a water cooling cavity 5 and a single lens 6 in an equivalent axis manner, and can accelerate alkali metal ions to 30keV on the premise of ensuring beam density.
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 4, the ion source emitter 1 is mainly composed of a ceramic insulated heating electrode 100 with withstand voltage of 5 kV, a conductive molybdenum rod 106, a silicon carbide heating sheet 107, a porous tungsten sheet 108, aluminosilicate 109, a pierce electrode 112 for generating alkali metal ion current.
The heating electrode 100 is made of copper, the maximum working current is about 300A, the rear end of the heating electrode 100 is connected with a copper wire which is hard-connected through a screw, the rear end of the copper wire is hard-connected with the conductive molybdenum rod 106 through the screw, and the heating electrode 100, the conductive molybdenum rod 106 and the copper wire connected with the heating electrode 100 and the conductive molybdenum rod are positioned on the same axis. The heating electrode 100 is welded on a knife edge flange 101 on the shaft, the knife edge flange 101 is connected with three long stainless steel pipes 102, and the right end of the long stainless steel pipe 102 is fixedly connected with three short stainless steel rods 104 through long bolts by a stainless steel flange 103. The right end of the stainless steel short rod 104 is fixedly connected with the fixed flange 110 through long bolts. The distance between the components may be varied by adjusting the lengths of the stainless steel long tube 102 and the stainless steel short rod 104.
The fixing flange 110 is closely attached to the ceramic pad 105, and the conductive molybdenum rod 106 connected with the copper wire passes through the core of the ceramic pad 105 and is further connected to the surface of the silicon carbide heating plate 107.
The conductive molybdenum rod 106 compacts a silicon carbide heating plate 107 for heating the ion source emitter. Wherein the ceramic spacer 105 is stepped cylindrical, fixes the conductive molybdenum rod 106 and the ion source emitting material, and plays an insulating role.
The ion source emission material is filled with aluminosilicate 109 (such as lithium aluminosilicate, sodium aluminosilicate, potassium aluminosilicate, rubidium aluminosilicate, cesium aluminosilicate) by porous tungsten sheet 108, and is heated by heat generated by silicon carbide heating sheet 107. The silicon carbide heating plate 107, the porous tungsten plate 108 and the aluminosilicate 109 are covered by the emitter fixing cylinder 111, and the emitter fixing cylinder 111 plays a role of heat shielding.
The porous structure ensures the bonding force between the porous tungsten sheet 108 and the aluminosilicate 109, and the thickness of the sintered coating can be greatly increased.
The pierce electrode 112 is positioned at the front end of the ion source emitting material, and is connected and fixed by the emitter fixing cylinder 111. Preferably, the distance between the pierce electrode 112 and the extraction electrode 2 is about 2 cm.
The three stainless steel long pipes 102 and the copper wires are positioned in the insulating ceramic cavity 3, and a vacuum cavity is formed in the insulating ceramic cavity 3. The left end flange and the right end of the insulating ceramic cavity 3 are respectively connected with a flange to form a whole, the left end flange is connected with the knife edge flange 101 through bolts, the right end flange is connected with the flange 4 connected with the vacuum cavity through bolts, and the upper end of the flange 4 connected with the vacuum cavity is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet for cooling the vacuum cavity and the flange.
The flange 4 connected with the vacuum cavity is welded with the water cooling cavity 5, 8 water cooling grooves are respectively formed in two ends of the water cooling cavity 5, the vacuum cavity can be kept at room temperature all the time, and heat brought by heat radiation generated by the ion source is taken away by cooling water, so that vacuum sealing cannot be influenced by thermal expansion.
The single lens 6 is fixed on the flange 4 connected with the vacuum cavity. The single lens 6 is composed of three coaxial stainless steel cylindrical barrels 601, three focusing barrel holders 602, three stainless steel pipes 603 and six epoxy resin pipes 604, wherein the epoxy resin pipes 604 play an insulating role, the leftmost and rightmost cylindrical barrels 601 are grounded, and the middle cylindrical barrel 601 is connected with an adjustable 1-30 kV negative bias. The inner diameter of the focusing-cylinder holder 602 is equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical cylinder 601, and the stainless steel tube 603 and the epoxy tube 604 are connected by the focusing-cylinder holder 602, respectively, as shown in fig. 3.
The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator has a coaxial structure as a whole.
The invention has simple working process, and comprises the following steps: the silicon carbide heating plate 107 is first powered and heated by an ac high voltage isolation transformer, and the heat is transferred to the aluminosilicate 109 of the ion source emitter 1 and reaches an emission temperature, the specific temperature being dependent on the melting point of the different aluminosilicates 109, typically in the range of 300-1450 ℃. After reaching the emission temperature, a bias voltage is applied between the Pierce electrode 112 and the extraction electrode 2, and the voltage range is 1-30 kV, so that the ion beam can be extracted. At this time, the diameter of the ion beam may not meet the actual requirement, and at this time, bias voltage may be applied through the single lens 6 to adjust the movement track of the ion, so as to achieve focusing of the ion beam, the bias voltage range is also 1-30 kV, and the density of the alkali metal ion beam is greatly improved after passing through the single lens 6.
Parts of the invention not described in detail are well known in the art.
While the foregoing describes illustrative embodiments of the present invention to facilitate an understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but is to be construed as protected by the accompanying claims insofar as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The high-beam low-energy alkali metal ion accelerator is characterized by comprising an ion source emitter, an extraction electrode, a 30 kV-resistant ceramic insulating cavity, a water cooling cavity and a single lens; the ion source emitter consists of a ceramic insulated heating electrode with withstand voltage of 5 kV, a conductive molybdenum rod, a silicon carbide heating plate, an ion source emitting material and a Pierce electrode, and is used for generating an alkali metal ion beam; the rear end of the heating electrode is hard connected with a copper wire through a screw, and the rear end of the copper wire is hard connected with a conductive molybdenum rod through a screw; the conductive molybdenum rod compacts a silicon carbide heating plate; the pierce electrode and the extraction electrode creating a potential difference between the respective arranged positions; the Pierce electrode is positioned at the front end of the ion source emission material; the ion source emission material is a porous tungsten sheet filled with high-purity micron-sized aluminosilicate and is used for generating an alkali metal ion beam; the silicon carbide heating plate is powered and heated, heat is transferred to aluminosilicate and reaches the emission temperature, after the emission temperature is reached, bias voltage is applied between the Pierce electrode and the extraction electrode, the bias voltage range is 1-30 kV, alkali metal ion beams are led out, then bias voltage is applied through the single lens, the bias voltage range is 1-30 kV, the movement track of ions is adjusted, and then the focusing of the ion beams is achieved.
2. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein the ion source emitter, the extraction electrode, the 30 kV-resistant ceramic insulating cavity, the water cooling cavity and the single lens are coaxially connected.
3. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein the ion source emitter further comprises a high voltage isolation transformer, the ion source emitter being biased at a positive voltage of 1-30 kV.
4. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein the heating electrode is made of copper, and the heating electrode, the conductive molybdenum rod and the copper wire connected with the heating electrode and the conductive molybdenum rod are located on the same axis.
5. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator according to claim 4, wherein the heating electrode is welded on a knife edge flange, the knife edge flange is connected with three long stainless steel pipes, and the right end of the long stainless steel pipe is fixedly connected with three short stainless steel rods through long bolts by the stainless steel flange; the right end of the stainless steel short rod is fixedly connected with the fixed flange through a long bolt, and the length of the stainless steel long tube and the length of the stainless steel short rod are adjustable; the fixing flange is closely attached to the ceramic gasket, and the copper wire and the conductive molybdenum rod connected with the copper wire penetrate through the core of the ceramic gasket and are connected to the surface of the silicon carbide heating plate.
6. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of claim 1 wherein the aluminosilicate has a coefficient of thermal expansion in a range from that of a porous tungsten sheetTo/>Between them.
7. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein the porous tungsten sheet is heated by a silicon carbide heating sheet, the porous tungsten sheet having a temperature of at most 1450 ℃, exceeding the melting point of aluminosilicate; the temperature of the aluminosilicate is regulated by controlling the heating power, so that the aluminosilicate emits monovalent lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium ions; the silicon carbide heating plate generates heat, and the heat is taken out through a water cooling structure.
8. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein the two ends of the ceramic insulating cavity are respectively connected by a left end flange and a right end flange, the left end flange is connected with a flange for fixing the heating electrode, and the right end flange is connected with a flange for connecting the vacuum cavity with the water inlet and the water outlet.
9. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein the water cooling cavity is a grounded fixed cylinder with water cooling grooves therein, and eight water cooling grooves are respectively arranged at two ends of the water cooling cavity.
10. The high beam low energy alkali metal ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein the single lens is an electrostatic lens, focusing charged particles without changing beam energy of the alkali metal ion beam, and the single lens is composed of three sets of cylindrical drums connected in series along an axis, focusing of ions in flight is achieved by adjusting an electric field in an ion path, the outer two sets of cylindrical drums are grounded, a middle cylindrical drum is kept at a fixed voltage, and a voltage adjustment range is 0-30kV.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3930163A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1975-12-30 | Varian Associates | Ion beam apparatus with separately replaceable elements |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3930163A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1975-12-30 | Varian Associates | Ion beam apparatus with separately replaceable elements |
| GB1494398A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1977-12-07 | Varian Associates | Ion beam apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| G.ANDA ET AL.: "Lithium beam diagnostic system on the COMPASS tokamak", FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN, 31 December 2016 (2016-12-31), pages 1 - 6 * |
| P.A.SEIDL ET AL.: "Development and testing of a lithium ion source and injector", PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATOR AND BEAMS, 11 April 2012 (2012-04-11), pages 1 - 8 * |
| 胡广海 等: "Beam optics simulation of the ion injector for sodium beam emission spectroscopy (Na-BES) on EAST", JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION, 24 May 2023 (2023-05-24), pages 1 - 14 * |
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