CN118174017A

CN118174017A - Antenna system and electronic device

Info

Publication number: CN118174017A
Application number: CN202211581691.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 常乐; 贺文宝; 孙树辉; 陈红军
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-09
Filing date: 2022-12-09
Publication date: 2024-06-11

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna system and electronic equipment. The first electrical conductor includes a feed point. The second conductor is opposite to at least part of the first conductor and is arranged at intervals, and the second conductor is electrically connected with the feed point. The feed source is electrically connected with the feed point and is used for providing an excitation signal for the feed point so as to excite the first conductor and the second conductor to generate at least one resonance. The application provides the electronic equipment which occupies small space and improves the antenna performance and the antenna system.

Description

Antenna system and electronic device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna system and an electronic device.

Background

In recent years, with the miniaturization development of electronic devices, it is desired to reduce the space occupied by an antenna system in the electronic devices, and with the development of communication technology, it is desired to improve the antenna performance (e.g., the bandwidth of the antenna system) in the electronic devices, so how to accommodate the space occupied by the antenna system in the electronic devices and to improve the antenna performance has become a technical problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides the electronic equipment which occupies small space and improves the antenna performance and the antenna system.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna system, including:

a first electrical conductor including a feed point;

a second conductor disposed opposite to and spaced apart from at least a portion of the first conductor, the second conductor being electrically connected to the feed point;

The feed source is electrically connected with the feed point and is used for providing an excitation signal for the feed point so as to excite the first conductor and the second conductor to generate at least one resonance.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including the antenna system.

According to the antenna system and the electronic equipment, the first conductor is provided with the feed point, the second conductor is opposite to at least part of the first conductor and is arranged at intervals, the second conductor is electrically connected with the feed point, the feed source is used for providing an excitation signal for the feed point so as to excite the first conductor and the second conductor to generate at least one resonance, and as the first conductor and the second conductor are electrically connected to the feed source through the feed point, the antenna signal radiation is participated in, and the antenna performance is improved; and the first conductor and the second conductor are opposite and are arranged at intervals, so that the occupied space of the antenna system is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first conductive body in an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second first conductor in an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second conductor as a reference floor of a circuit board assembly in an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third first conductor in an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third first electrical conductor in the antenna system according to the first embodiment of the present application in press-connection with a housing of an electronic device;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth first conductor in the antenna system according to the first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth first conductor in the antenna system according to the first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a fifth first conductor in the antenna system according to the first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first conductor disposed on an insulating dielectric body in an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an IFA antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system and a resonant current according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is an S-parameter curve and a radiation efficiency curve of the antenna system provided in FIG. 12;

Fig. 14 is a first diagram of the antenna system provided in fig. 12;

fig. 15 is a second diagram of the antenna system provided in fig. 12;

fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system and a resonant current according to a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system and a resonant current according to a third embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 18 is an S-parameter plot of an antenna system without a coupling stub and with a coupling stub;

Fig. 19 is a graph of radiation efficiency of an antenna system without a coupling stub and with a coupling stub.

Reference numerals illustrate:

An electronic device 100; an antenna system 10; a first conductor 1; a feeding point 11; a first conductive portion 12; a second conductive portion 13; a ground point 14; a second conductor 2; a feed source 3; a circuit board assembly 4; a power feeding member 5; an antenna carrier 6; a conductive member 7; a housing 101; an earplug part 102; a handle 103; a third conductor 8; a first conductive end 81; a second conductive end 82; a fifth conductive portion 83; a sixth conductive portion 84; an insulating dielectric body 9; a first face 91; a second face 92; a first side 93; a second side 94.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments of the application are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, based on the embodiments provided by the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate explicitly and implicitly that the described embodiments of the application may be combined with other embodiments.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures are used for distinguishing between different objects and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example: an assembly or device incorporating one or more components is not limited to the listed one or more components, but may alternatively include one or more components not listed but inherent to the illustrated product, or one or more components that may be provided based on the illustrated functionality.

Referring to fig. 1, an antenna system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application at least includes a first conductor 1, a second conductor 2 and a feed 3.

It will be appreciated that the first electrical conductor 1 is a radiator of the antenna system 10, wherein the radiator is a port for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of the antenna system 10, and wherein the radio frequency signals are transmitted in the form of electromagnetic wave signals in an air medium. Alternatively, the material of the first electrical conductor 1 is not particularly limited in the present application. It is understood that the material of the first electrical conductor 1 is a conductive material, including but not limited to a metal, an alloy, a conductive oxide, a conductive polymer, graphene, and the like.

The first current conductor 1 comprises a feed point 11. The feeding point 11 is a point located on the first electric conductor 1, wherein the feeding point 11 is not limited to be an end portion or a portion between both end portions of the first electric conductor 1.

The shape and the form of the first electrical conductor 1 are not particularly limited in the present application. Alternatively, the shape of the first conductor 1 includes, but is not limited to, a bar shape, a sheet shape, a rod shape, a coating shape, a film shape, and the like. The first electrical conductor 1 shown in fig. 1 is only an example and is not intended to limit the shape of the first electrical conductor 1 provided by the present application. In this embodiment, the first conductor 1 is an equivalent conductor. The first conductor 1 is a conductor formed by electrically connecting a plurality of conductive sheets or conductive layers stacked on each other. The conductive layer may be a wiring layer, a hollowed layer or a solid layer.

The present application is not limited to the extending trace of the first conductor 1. In this embodiment, the first conductor 1 is linear. In other embodiments, the first conductor 1 may extend along a curved or bent path. The first conductor 1 may be a line with a uniform width on the extending track, or may be a bar with a gradual width change and a widening area, etc. with different widths.

Alternatively, the specific form of the first electrical conductor 1 is not specifically limited in the present application. The first conductor 1 includes, but is not limited to, a flexible circuit board antenna formed on a flexible circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit board, FPC), a laser direct Structuring antenna by Laser Direct Structuring (LDS), a printed direct Structuring antenna by Printed Direct Structuring (PDS), a conductive patch antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), and the like.

The form, shape and material of the second conductor 2 are not particularly limited. Alternatively, the shape, shape and material of the second conductor 2 may refer to the shape, shape and material of the first conductor 1, respectively. For example, the material of the first conductor 1 and the material of the second conductor 2 may be copper.

Referring to fig. 1, the second electrical conductor 2 is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from at least a portion of the first electrical conductor 1.

Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the first conductive body 1 includes a first conductive portion 12 and a second conductive portion 13 connected in a bending manner, where the first conductive portion 12 is disposed parallel to the X-Y plane, the length direction of the first conductive portion 12 is an X-axis direction (the X-axis direction is perpendicular to the page direction), the width direction is a Y-axis direction, and the thickness direction is a Z-axis direction. The second conductor 2 is disposed opposite to and spaced from the first conductor 12, reducing the space occupied by the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 in the X-axis direction. The second conductive portion 13 is located between the first conductive portion 12 and the second conductive body 2.

Still alternatively, referring to fig. 1, the first conductive body 1 is disposed parallel to the X-Y plane, the length direction of the first conductive body 1 is the X-axis direction, the width direction is the Y-axis direction, and the thickness direction is the Z-axis direction. The second conductor 2 is opposite to the first conductor 1 and is arranged at intervals, so that the space occupied by the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 in the X-axis direction is reduced.

The feed 3 is electrically connected to the feed point 11, and the feed 3 is configured to provide an excitation signal to the feed point 11 to excite the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 to generate at least one resonance.

The feed source 3 comprises, but is not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver chip, and the feed source 3 is used for providing an excitation signal, wherein the excitation signal is a radio frequency signal of a required frequency band.

Optionally, the antenna system 10 further comprises a first matching circuit (not shown) electrically connected between the feed 3 and the feed point 11, including but not limited to a capacitor, an inductor, etc. The first matching circuit is configured to tune the impedance of the radiator of the antenna system 10 to match the impedance to the frequency band generated by the desired excitation, so as to facilitate the excitation of the antenna system 10 to generate resonance supporting the desired frequency band.

The second electrical conductor 2 is electrically connected to the feed point 11. In other words, the second electrical conductor 2 receives the excitation signal, participating in the radiation of the antenna signal.

Alternatively, by designing the electrical length of the first conductor 1 and the electrical length of the second conductor 2, the first conductor 1 and the first conductor 1 generate a resonance, wherein the second conductor 2 is electrically connected to the feeding point 11, so as to promote the first conductor 1 to generate resonance, and improve the antenna performance.

In the present embodiment, an excitation signal (radio frequency current signal having a certain frequency) emitted from the feed 3 of the antenna system 10 is transmitted to the first conductor 1 via the feed point 11, and resonates in the first conductor 1.

Alternatively, by designing the electrical length of the first conductor 1 and the electrical length of the second conductor 2, the first conductor 1 generates a first resonance, and the second conductor 2 generates a second resonance, that is, the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 generate a double resonance, wherein the double resonance can synthesize a relatively wider bandwidth, so as to expand the bandwidth of the antenna and improve the performance of the antenna.

In this embodiment, an excitation signal (radio frequency current signal having a certain frequency) emitted from the feed 3 of the antenna system 10 is transmitted to the first conductor 1 via the feed point 11 and generates a first resonance on the first conductor 1, and an excitation signal emitted from the feed 3 of the antenna system 10 is also transmitted to the second conductor 2 via the feed point 11 and generates a second resonance on the second conductor 2.

According to the antenna system 10 provided by the application, the first conductor 1 is provided with the feed point 11, the second conductor 2 is arranged opposite to at least part of the first conductor 1 at intervals, the second conductor 2 is electrically connected with the feed point 11, the feed source 3 is used for providing an excitation signal for the feed point 11 so as to excite the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 to generate at least one resonance, and as the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 are electrically connected to the feed source 3 through the feed point 11, the antenna signal radiation is participated in, and the antenna performance is improved; and the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 are opposite and spaced, so that the space occupied by the antenna system 10 is reduced.

Optionally, referring to fig. 3, the antenna system 10 further includes a circuit board assembly 4. The second electrical conductor 2 is arranged in the circuit board assembly 4. The second electrical conductor 2 is a reference floor of the circuit board assembly 4.

Alternatively, the circuit board assembly 4 includes, but is not limited to, a rigid circuit board, a flexible circuit board, and a combination of a rigid circuit board and a flexible circuit board. The circuit board assembly 4 is a multi-layer board layer structure. The circuit board assembly 4 includes a plurality of dielectric layers. A metal conductive layer or a metal wiring layer can be arranged between two adjacent insulating medium layers, and the adjacent metal wiring layers can be insulated or electrically connected through metal vias. The second electrical conductor 2 is an equivalent electrical conductor. Optionally, the second electrical conductor 2 is a metal layer disposed in the circuit board assembly 4, or the second electrical conductor 2 is a plurality of metal layers, wherein the metal layers are electrically connected through metal vias to form an equivalent electrical conductor.

The second electrical conductor 2 has its own function within the circuit board assembly 4, for example as a reference floor for the circuit board assembly 4 or as an electrical connection layer for the circuit board, etc. In this embodiment, the second electrical conductor 2 serves as a reference floor for the circuit board assembly 4.

The reference floor of the circuit board assembly 4 is electrically connected with the feed point 11 of the antenna system 10 and is electrically connected with the feed source 3 so as to participate in the resonance of antenna signals in the antenna system 10, the metal layers in the circuit board assembly 4 are multiplexed, the metal layers in the circuit board assembly 4 are used for one thing, the second conductor 2 is not required to be additionally arranged, the additional devices are reduced, and the space occupied by the antenna system 10 is saved.

Optionally, the feed source 3 includes, but is not limited to, a radio frequency transceiver chip and the like. The feed source 3 is arranged on the circuit board assembly 4. The first electrical conductor 1 is arranged outside said circuit board assembly 4. The feeding point 11 on the first electrical conductor 1 is electrically connected to the feed source 3 on the circuit board assembly 4 by, but not limited to, direct soldering or indirect electrical connection by means of an electrical connection wire, a conductive spring, a conductive adhesive, etc.

Referring to fig. 3, the antenna system 10 further includes a feeding member 5. The feeding piece 5 is arranged on the circuit board assembly 4, and the feeding piece 5 is electrically connected with the feed source 3. The feeding member 5 is also electrically connected to the second electrical conductor 2 in the circuit board assembly 4 by means of a via or the like. The feeding point 11 is electrically connected to the feeding member 5. The feeding element 5 includes, but is not limited to, a conductive spring, a conductive thimble, a conductive block, a bonding pad, a copper-clad surface, and the like.

At least part of the first electrical conductor 1 is arranged opposite to and spaced apart from the circuit board assembly 4. At least part of the first electrical conductor 1 is disposed opposite to the circuit board assembly 4 along the Z-axis direction, in other words, the orthographic projection of the first electrical conductor 1 in the Z-axis direction is disposed in the area of the circuit board assembly 4, so as to reduce the space occupied by the circuit board assembly 4 and the first electrical conductor 1 in the X-axis direction.

The structure of the first electrical conductor 1 is illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In a first alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the first conductive body 1 includes a first conductive portion 12 and a second conductive portion 13 connected in a bent manner. The first conductive part 12 is opposite to and spaced apart from the second conductive body 2. The second conductive portion 13 is located between the circuit board assembly 4 and the first conductive portion 12. The second conductive part 13 electrically connects the second conductor 2 and the feed 3. Alternatively, the first conductive portion 12 is an equivalent conductive sheet, and the second conductive portion 13 may be a sheet, a wire, or other special-shaped structure.

Taking the circuit board assembly 4 as an example, it is arranged along the X-Y plane, the first electrical conductor 1 is arranged along the X-Y plane. The first conductive portions 12 are opposite to and spaced apart from the circuit board assembly 4. The second conductive portion 13 extends from the first conductive portion 12 to the circuit board assembly 4 in the Z-axis direction. The second conductive portion 13 has a height difference between the first conductive portion 12 and the second conductive body 2.

The first conductor 1 forms an inverted L-shaped antenna, so that a certain insulation gap is formed between the first conductor 12 and the second conductor 2, thereby forming better radiation characteristics.

Of course, in other embodiments, the first conductor 1 may have a linear, straight-plate, curved, or curved structure. In other embodiments, the first electrical conductor 1 may be a flexible circuit board.

Optionally, the first electrical conductor 1 is a unitary structure. I.e. the first conductive part 12 and the second conductive part 13 are of an integral structure. The end of the second conductive part 13 away from the first conductive part 12 is the feeding point 11. Alternatively, the first conductive portion 12 and the second conductive portion 13 are metal plates bent into an inverted L shape, or metal segments bent into an inverted L shape, or a structure formed of the metal plates and the metal segments. The second conductive part 13 is directly and electrically connected with the signal end of the feed source 3 or through other electrical connection structures. Optionally, the signal end of the feed source 3 is electrically connected with a thimble structure arranged on the circuit board assembly 4. The first matching circuit point is connected between the signal end of the feed source 3 and the thimble structure. The end of the second conductive part 13, which is far away from the first conductive part 12, is in pressure connection with the thimble structure, and the second conductive body 2 is electrically connected with the thimble structure through a via hole, a wiring and the like. Of course, in other embodiments, the thimble structure may be replaced by a conductive spring structure.

Of course, in other embodiments, the first conductive portion 12 and the second conductive portion 13 may be in a split structure.

In a second alternative embodiment, the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: referring to fig. 4, the first conductive portion 12 and the second conductive portion 13 are of a split structure. The feed point 11 is located on the first conductive part 12; the second conductive portion 13 may be the power feeding member 5 described above. Optionally, the second conductive portion 13 is a conductive spring, the second conductive portion 13 is disposed on the circuit board assembly 4, and the second conductive portion 13 abuts against and is electrically connected to the feeding point 11 of the first conductive portion 12. The second conductive part 13 is electrically connected with the signal end of the feed source 3. The end of the second conductive portion 13 away from the first conductive portion 12 is electrically connected to the second conductive body 2 by way of a via hole, a trace, or the like.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the first conductive portion 12 and the second conductive portion 13 are in a split structure, the first conductive portion 12 may be disposed on another structure (for example, on the housing 101) of the electronic device 100, and the housing 101 of the electronic device 100 is pressed onto the first conductive portion 12 through an assembling process of the electronic device 100, so that the first conductive portion 12 is pressed onto the second conductive portion 13 while the first conductive portion 12 and the second conductive portion 13 are electrically connected.

In a third alternative embodiment, unlike the first alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the antenna system 10 further comprises an antenna carrier 6. The first conductive part 12 is arranged on the antenna carrier 6; the antenna carrier 6 is a flexible carrier, and the first conductive part 12 is disposed in or on the surface of the flexible carrier.

Alternatively, the first conductive part 12 may be a metal routing layer in the flexible carrier, and may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. By providing the first conductive portion 12 in the flexible carrier to form a flexible circuit board, the electrical connection end of the flexible circuit board is electrically connected to the conductive structure (the second conductive portion 13) on the circuit board assembly 4, including but not limited to soldering, board-to-board connection, soft and hard bonding, crimping, etc. The conductive structure includes, but is not limited to, a conductive spring, a conductive thimble, a bonding pad, a conductive block, a conductive surface, and the like.

In a fourth alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 7 and 8, the antenna carrier 6 is a rigid carrier, the antenna carrier 6 is disposed opposite to the circuit board assembly 4, and the first conductive portion 12 is disposed on a surface of the antenna carrier 6 facing the circuit board assembly 4 or a surface opposite to the circuit board assembly 4.

Alternatively, the rigid carrier may be the housing 101 of the electronic device 100 or an antenna mount or the like. Taking the case 101 of the electronic device 100 as a hard carrier as an example, the first conductive portion 12 may be formed on the surface of the case 101 of the electronic device 100 facing the circuit board assembly 4 by processes such as laser etching, laser forming, printing, and the like.

In this embodiment, the second conductive portion 13 may be a conductive structure disposed on the circuit board assembly 4. The conductive structures include, but are not limited to, conductive spring plates, conductive pins, bonding pads, conductive bumps, and the like.

The electrical connection between the first conductive portion 12 and the second conductive portion 13 includes, but is not limited to, soldering, crimping, and the like.

In the present application, the first conductive portion 12 of the first conductive body 1 is spaced apart from the circuit board assembly 4. A solid insulating medium or an air medium may be disposed between the first conductive portion 12 and the circuit board assembly 4.

Optionally, referring to fig. 9, the antenna system 10 further includes an insulating dielectric body 9. The insulating dielectric body 9 includes a first surface 91, a second surface 92, and a first side surface 93 connected between the first surface 91 and the second surface 92.

The second surface 92 of the insulating dielectric body 9 is disposed on the circuit board assembly 4, the first conductive portion 12 of the first conductor 1 is disposed on the first surface 91 of the insulating dielectric body 9, and the second conductive portion 13 of the first conductor 1 is disposed on the first side 93 of the insulating dielectric body 9.

The dielectric body 9 can be used as an antenna carrier in fig. 8.

The insulating dielectric body 9 can be arranged at an insulating interval between the first conductive portion 12 of the first conductor 1 and the circuit board assembly 4, and can also be used as a support for the first conductor 1. Particularly, when the first conductive portion 12 is a flexible substrate, the insulating dielectric body 9 is used as a support for the first conductive portion 12, thereby realizing one-thing multi-purpose. In addition, the first conductive portion 12 may be formed on the surface (the first surface 91) of the insulating medium 9 facing away from the circuit board assembly 4 by laser engraving, laser forming, printing, etc.

The material of the insulating dielectric body 9 is not particularly limited in the present application, and the material of the insulating dielectric body 9 includes, but is not limited to, plastic.

In other embodiments, air is between the first conductive portion 12 and the circuit board assembly 4. The first electrical conductor 1 may be a hard conductive plate, or a flexible circuit board disposed on the housing 101, or formed on a surface of the housing 101 facing the circuit board assembly 4.

The application is not limited to antenna types, such as antenna types including, but not limited to, IFA antennas, PIFA antennas, LOOP antennas, monopole antennas, dipole antennas, and the like. The above embodiments take an antenna type as a monopole antenna as an example, and the following description will exemplify an antenna type as an IFA antenna with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 10, the first conductor 1 further includes a grounding point 14 spaced from the feeding point 11.

The antenna system 10 further comprises a conductive element 7. The conductive member 7 is disposed on the circuit board assembly 4. The conductive member 7 electrically connects the second conductive body 2 and the ground point 14.

Optionally, the conductive element 7 includes, but is not limited to, a conductive spring, a conductive pin, a pad, a conductive bump, and the like.

In this embodiment, the second conductor 2 is a reference floor of the circuit board assembly 4. The conductive member 7 is electrically connected to the reference floor of the circuit board assembly 4. At the same time, the conductive member 7 is also electrically connected to the ground point 14 on the first conductive body 1 to form an IFA antenna. By the above-described design, the electrical length of the first conductive member 1 can be reduced, and the physical length of the first conductive portion 12 in the X-axis direction can be further shortened, thereby promoting miniaturization of the antenna system 10.

Referring to fig. 11, the present application further provides an electronic device 100, where the electronic device 100 includes the antenna system 10 according to any one of the embodiments of the present application. The electronic device 100 includes, but is not limited to, devices with communication functions such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, wearable device (earphone, watch, etc.), unmanned plane, robot, digital camera, etc. By providing the antenna system 10, the electronic device 100 increases the antenna performance of the electronic device 100 and saves the internal space. The electronic device 100 comprises a housing 101, the housing 101 comprising an ear plug portion 102 and an ear stem portion 103. The antenna system 10 is located at the ear portion 103.

The frequency band covered by the antenna system 10 is not particularly limited in the present application. Optionally, the frequency bands covered by the antenna system 10 include, but are not limited to, at least one of a mobile cellular frequency band, a GPS frequency band, a Bluetooth frequency band, or a Wi-Fi frequency band.

The following describes the electronic device 100 as a wireless earphone, wherein the frequency bands that the antenna system 10 needs to support are bluetooth frequency band and Wi-fi2.4g co-frequency band.

With the development of wearable devices such as wireless headphones, higher requirements are put on miniaturized antennas, especially devices such as wireless headphones, the physical size of the antennas is greatly limited due to the small size of the devices, and meanwhile, the antennas are required to have larger bandwidths. Therefore, research into a small-sized broadband antenna is necessary.

Alternatively, by designing the electrical lengths of the first electrical conductor 1 and the second electrical conductor 2, the first electrical conductor 1 generates a first resonance supporting a first frequency band under the excitation signal, and the second electrical conductor 2 generates a second resonance supporting a second frequency band under the excitation signal, wherein the first frequency band at least partially coincides with the second frequency band.

Alternatively, the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band may be similar but not identical. For example, the center frequency of the first frequency band is 2.4G, and the center frequency of the second frequency band is 2.5G.

The first frequency band and the second frequency band are combined to form a combined frequency band, and the combined frequency band covers at least one of a Bluetooth frequency band and a Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band.

Through the design, the double-frequency double-resonance is realized, the covered frequency band broadband can be widened, and the influence caused by frequency offset is reduced.

Optionally, the electrical length of the first electrical conductor 1 is less than 1/4 wavelength. The electrical length of the first electrical conductor 1 is greater than 1/4 wavelength and less than 1/2 wavelength. Wherein the electrical length of the first electrical conductor 1 is biased towards approximately 1/2 wavelength. The wavelength is a medium wavelength corresponding to the Bluetooth frequency band.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 12, the feed source 3 feeds an excitation signal to the first conductor 1 through the feed point 11, the excitation signal can excite a first resonant current on the first conductor 1 with an electrical length less than 1/4 wavelength to form a first resonant mode, meanwhile, the feed source 3 feeds an excitation signal to the second conductor 2 through the feed point 11, the excitation signal can excite a second resonant current on the second conductor 2 with an electrical length less than 1/2 wavelength and greater than 1/4 wavelength to form a second resonant mode, and the resonant frequencies of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode are similar to cover the bluetooth frequency band and have a wider bandwidth.

Alternatively, the first resonant current of the first electrical conductor 1 operates in a 1/2 wavelength mode and the second resonant current of the second electrical conductor 2 operates in a 1/2 wavelength mode.

Wherein the resonance frequency of the half-wavelength mode of the second conductor 2 is determined by the size of the second conductor 2, and adjusting the size of the first conductor 1 does not affect the half-wavelength mode of the second conductor 2, so the half-wavelength mode of the first conductor 1 and the half-wavelength mode of the second conductor 2 can be independently adjusted. The dimensions of the second electrical conductor 2 and the first electrical conductor 1 can be optimized, i.e. the resonant frequency is controlled by optimizing the dimensions of the second electrical conductor 2, and the dimensions of the first electrical conductor 1 are optimized for optimal bandwidth and efficiency.

By designing the electrical length of the first conductor 1 to be smaller than 1/4 wavelength, and designing the electrical length of the first conductor 1 to be larger than 1/4 wavelength and smaller than 1/2 wavelength and to be biased to be close to 1/2 wavelength, the feed source 3 excites the first conductor 1 to generate first resonance supporting a first frequency band and excites the second conductor 2 to generate second resonance supporting a second frequency band, wherein the first frequency band and the second frequency band are at least partially overlapped to synthesize wider bandwidth, an antenna scheme of double-frequency fusion is realized, the space occupied by the antenna system 10 is reduced, the antenna bandwidth is widened, and the antenna bandwidth problem under the condition of limited size is solved.

Referring to fig. 12, the antenna system 10 includes a first conductor 1, a second conductor 2, an insulating dielectric body 9, and a feeding member 5. Wherein the second electrical conductor 2 is provided on the circuit board assembly 4. The feeding element 5 is the conductive spring or the conductive thimble arranged on the circuit board assembly 4. The first conductor 1 adopts a simple inverted-L antenna; or the first conductor 1 and the feed 5 form an inverted-L antenna. Simulation verification is performed on the antenna system 10 provided in this embodiment, the materials of the second conductor 2 and the first conductor 1 are copper, the material of the insulating dielectric body 9 is an epoxy glass fiber cloth substrate (FR-4), the dielectric constant is 4.4, and the thickness of the insulating dielectric body 9 is 3mm. The second electrical conductor 2 has a size of 50 x 5mm ² and the first electrical conductor 1 has a size of 16 x 3mm ². The first conductor 1 is parallel to the second conductor 2 and produces a monopole for copper coating the surface of the dielectric body 9. The antenna system 10 is used for Wi-fi2.4g or bluetooth communication. Of course, the above dimensions are merely examples, and the present application is not limited to the above dimensions.

Fig. 13 is a graph of efficiency and S-parameters of the antenna system 10 according to the present application. It can be seen from fig. 13 that the antenna system 10 produces a dual-frequency dual-resonance (see two valleys in the S11 curve in fig. 13), wherein the resonance frequencies of the two resonances (the frequencies at the two valleys) are similar, resulting in a relatively wide bandwidth. The frequency band covered by the antenna system 10 is about 2.1-2.9, and completely covers the Bluetooth/Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band with a larger bandwidth, taking the return loss of-5 dB as a reference. For the problem of frequency offset of the antenna system 10 caused in the production process or upon receiving environmental influence, the antenna system 10 can also completely cover the Bluetooth/Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band due to the large bandwidth of the antenna system 10, so that the antenna performance of the antenna system 10 supporting the Bluetooth/Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band is improved.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system 10 according to the present application. It can be seen from fig. 14 that the antenna system 10 has better performance in the 2.45GHz band, so that the antenna system 10 can operate in the bluetooth/Wi-Fi 2.4G band.

Fig. 15 is a second diagram of the antenna system 10 according to the present application. It can be seen from fig. 15 that the antenna system 10 has better performance in the 2.45GHz band, so that the antenna system 10 can operate in the bluetooth/Wi-Fi 2.4G band.

Under the condition that the available space of the antenna system 10 is limited, the application provides a double-frequency fusion antenna scheme, the radiation of the second conductor 2 serving as a reference floor in the circuit board assembly 4 is fully utilized, the half-wave resonant frequency of the second conductor 2 is fused with the half-wave resonant frequency of the whole antenna (the second conductor 2+the first conductor 1), as the two modes are compatible, the two resonant frequencies are fused to form a broadband, namely, the bandwidth of the first conductor 1 is expanded under the condition that the occupied space of the first conductor 1 is not increased, the miniaturization of the first conductor 1 is realized, the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded under the smaller size, and the antenna can be applied to the scenes of wearable equipment such as wireless headphones.

The second embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna system 10, where the antenna system 10 provided in the present embodiment is substantially similar to the antenna system 10 provided in the first embodiment, and the main difference is that:

Referring to fig. 16, the antenna system 10 further includes a third conductor 8. The third electrical conductor 8 comprises a first conductive end 81 and a second conductive end 82. The first conductive end 81 is electrically connected to an end of the second conductive body 2 remote from the first conductive body 1. The second conductive end 82 extends towards an end of the first electrical conductor 1 remote from the second electrical conductor 2.

The material, shape, and shape of the third conductor 8 may be referred to as the material, shape, and shape of the first conductor 1, respectively. The third conductor 8 may be a metal wiring layer provided in the flexible circuit board, a metal plate, a metal layer formed on the housing 101 (see fig. 11) or the insulating dielectric body 9 by laser etching, printing, or laser forming, or the like.

In this embodiment, the electrical length of the first conductor 1 is less than 1/4 wavelength, and the sum of the electrical lengths of the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 8 is greater than 1/4 wavelength and less than 1/2 wavelength. Wherein the sum of the electrical lengths of the second electrical conductor 2 and the third electrical conductor 8 is more biased towards a wavelength close to 1/2. Through the design, the first conductor 1 generates first resonance supporting a first frequency band under the excitation signal. Wherein the first resonance is a 1/2 wavelength resonance mode. The third electrical conductor 8 and at least part of the second electrical conductor 2 generate a second resonance supporting a second frequency band under the excitation signal. Wherein the second resonance is a 1/2 wavelength resonance mode. The first frequency band at least partially coincides with the second frequency band. The first frequency band and the second frequency band are combined to form a combined frequency band, and the combined frequency band covers at least one of a Bluetooth frequency band and a Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band.

Referring to fig. 16, as indicated by the dotted arrow in fig. 16, the resonant current path includes: a part of the resonance current is transmitted from the feed 3 via the feed point 11 to the first conductor 1 and forms a first resonance on the first conductor 1, and another part of the resonance current is transmitted from the feed 3 via the feed point 11 to the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 8 and forms a second resonance on the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 8.

By arranging the third conductor 8 to be electrically connected with the second conductor 2, since the second conductive end 82 extends towards one end of the first conductor 1 away from the second conductor 2, it is possible to reduce the size of the second conductor 2 along the X-axis direction while the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 8 generate second resonance supporting the second frequency band, further shorten the size of the antenna system 10 along the X-axis direction, and realize dual-frequency dual-resonance, and expand the bandwidth.

The third embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna system 10, where the antenna system 10 provided in the present embodiment is substantially similar to the antenna system 10 provided in the second embodiment, and the main difference is that:

Referring to fig. 17, the first conductor 1 is coupled to the third conductor 8. In other words, the gap between the first conductor 1 and the third conductor 8 is relatively small, so that the gap between the first conductor 1 and the third conductor 8 is a coupling gap. The third electrical conductor 8 is a coupling stub.

The capacitive coupling between the third conductor 8 and the first conductor 1 means that an electric field is generated between the first conductor 1 and the third conductor 8, and an electric signal on the first conductor 1 can be transmitted to the third conductor 8 through the electric field, so that the first conductor 1 and the third conductor 8 can realize electric signal conduction even in a state of not directly contacting or not directly connecting. Alternatively, the first conductor 1 and the third conductor 8 may be aligned in a straight line or substantially in a straight line (i.e., with a small tolerance in the design process). Of course, in other embodiments, the first conductor 1 and the third conductor 8 may be disposed offset in the extending direction, so as to form an avoidance space.

The number and shape of the third conductors 8 are not particularly limited in the present application, and optionally, the shape of the third conductors 8 may include, but is not limited to, a rectangle, a bent line, a notch design pattern, and the like. The number of the third conductors 8 may be one or more. The shape and number of the third conductors 8 can be modified by a person skilled in the art according to the actual need.

In this embodiment, the electrical length of the first conductor 1 is less than 1/4 wavelength. The electrical length of the first electrical conductor 1 is greater than 1/4 wavelength and less than 1/2 wavelength, and the electrical length of the first electrical conductor 1 is biased to be close to 1/4 wavelength. The third electrical conductor 8 has an electrical length of less than 1/4 wavelength. Through the design, the first conductor 1 generates first resonance supporting a first frequency band under the excitation signal. Wherein the first resonance is a 1/2 wavelength resonance mode. The third electrical conductor 8 generates a second resonance supporting a second frequency band under the excitation signal. Wherein the second resonance is a 1/2 wavelength resonance mode. The first frequency band at least partially coincides with the second frequency band. And the first frequency band and the second frequency band are combined to form a combined frequency band with larger bandwidth, and the combined frequency band covers at least one of a Bluetooth frequency band and a Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band.

Referring to fig. 17, as indicated by the dotted arrow in fig. 17, the resonant current path includes: a part of the resonance current is transmitted from the feed 3 via the feed point 11 to the first conductor 1 and forms a first resonance at the first conductor 1, and another part of the resonance current is transmitted from the first conductor 1 to the third conductor 8 and forms a second resonance at the third conductor 8.

The electrical length of the second conductor 2in the present embodiment is smaller than that of the second conductor 2in the first embodiment, that is, the present embodiment designs the third conductor 8 to be coupled with the first conductor 1, and the third conductor 8 generates the second resonance, at this time, the second conductor 2 does not need to be relatively large because of no resonance, so that the size of the second conductor 2 is reduced, and the overall size of the antenna system 10 in the X-axis direction is shortened.

Specifically, referring to fig. 17, the third conductive body 8 includes a fifth conductive portion 83 and a sixth conductive portion 84 connected in a bent manner. The fifth conductive portion 83 is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the second conductive member 2. The end of the fifth conductive portion 83 away from the sixth conductive portion 84 is the first conductive end 81. The first conductive end 81 is coupled to the first electrical conductor 1.

Referring to fig. 17, the sixth conductive portion 84 is located between the circuit board assembly 4 (the second conductive body 2) and the fifth conductive portion 83. The end of the sixth conductive portion 84 away from the fifth conductive portion 83 is the second conductive end 82. The second conductive end 82 is electrically connected to the second electrical conductor 2. The fifth conductive portion 83 and the first conductive portion 12 may be disposed on the same plane, for example, the fifth conductive portion 83 and the first conductive portion 12 are disposed on the first surface 91 of the insulating dielectric body 9. The sixth conductive portion 84 extends in the Z-axis direction. The insulating dielectric body 9 includes a second side surface 94 opposite to the first side surface 93, and the sixth conductive portion 84 is disposed on the second side surface 94. The third electrical conductor 8 forms an L-shaped coupling stub. The specific form of the third electrical conductor 8 is similar to that of the first electrical conductor 1, and reference is made thereto, and the present application will not be described herein.

Optionally, the antenna system 10 further includes a second matching circuit (not shown) electrically connected to the sixth conductive portion 84, the second matching circuit being configured to tune the impedance of the third conductive body 8 to facilitate tuning the third conductive body 8 to generate a second resonance. The second matching circuit comprises a capacitor, an inductor and the like.

The embodiment of the application provides a broadband antenna scheme, under the condition that the size of an antenna system 10 is not increased, a coupling branch is added near the first conductor 1, the coupling branch can be excited through electric coupling, the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded under the condition of small size, the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved, the problems of small bandwidth and low radiation efficiency of the first conductor 1 under the condition of small size are solved, and the broadband antenna scheme has wide application in the field of terminal antennas.

According to the simulation verification of the structure shown in fig. 17, the material of the second conductor 2 and the first conductor 1 is copper, the material of the insulating dielectric body 9 is FR-4, and the dielectric constant is 4.4. The second conductor 2 has a size of 5 x 31mm ², the first conductor 1 has a size of 3 x 12mm ², the insulating dielectric body 9 has a thickness of 2mm, the coupling branch has a size of 3 x 15mm ², and the gap between the first conductor 1 and the coupling branch has a width of 2mm. Of course, the above dimensions are merely examples, and the present application is not limited to the above dimensions.

Please refer to fig. 18, which is an S-parameter curve of the antenna system without the coupling stub and with the coupling stub. Wherein the dashed line is the S-parameter curve without the coupling stub. Referring to fig. 18, by comparing the S-parameter curves of the antenna system 10 without the coupling stub and the antenna system 10 with the coupling stub, it is known that the antenna system 10 with the coupling stub generates dual-frequency dual-resonance (see two valleys in the S11 curve in fig. 13), wherein the resonance frequencies of the two resonances (the frequencies at the two valleys) are similar, resulting in a relatively wide bandwidth. The resonant frequency of the antenna system 10 can completely cover the 2.4GHz band and has a large bandwidth. For the problem of frequency offset of the antenna system 10 caused in the production process or upon receiving environmental influence, the antenna system 10 can also completely cover the Bluetooth/Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band due to the large bandwidth of the antenna system 10, so that the antenna performance of the antenna system 10 supporting the Bluetooth/Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band is improved. In addition, a small-sized design of the antenna system 10 is also realized, thereby promoting miniaturization of the electronic device 100.

Fig. 19 is a graph of radiation efficiency of an antenna system without a coupling stub and with a coupling stub. Wherein the dashed line is the radiation efficiency without coupling the branches. As can be seen from the figure, the radiation efficiency of the antenna system with the coupling branches in the 2.4GHz band is higher than that of the antenna system without the coupling branches in the 2.4GHz band. The comparison shows that the method for increasing the electric coupling branches can remarkably improve the bandwidth of the antenna and effectively improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

It can be appreciated that in the first embodiment of the present application, the third conductor 8 coupled to the first conductor 1 may also be provided, and at this time, the third conductor 8 also helps to generate a resonant mode, so as to further improve the radiation performance of the antenna.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 11, when the electronic device 100 is a wireless earphone, the antenna system 10 is located at the ear portion 103 of the earphone. In the antenna system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present application, the resonant mode is excited on the circuit board assembly 4, so that the circuit board assembly 4 is a relatively long board (for example, the third conductor 8 has an electrical length less than 1/2 wavelength and greater than 1/4 wavelength and is biased toward 1/2 wavelength), and can be applied to an earphone with a relatively large ear portion 103. In the antenna system 10 provided in the second and third embodiments of the present application, the circuit board assembly 4 does not need to excite the resonant mode, so that the circuit board assembly 4 is a relatively short board (for example, the third conductor 8 has an electrical length less than 1/2 wavelength and greater than 1/4 wavelength and is biased toward 1/4 wavelength), and can be applied to an earphone with a relatively short ear portion 103. Therefore, the embodiment provided by the application can be applied to different types of earphones, so that the earphone has small size and good antenna radiation efficiency.

While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and alternatives to the above embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the application, which is also to be regarded as being within the scope of the application.

Claims

1. An antenna system, comprising:

a first electrical conductor including a feed point;

2. The antenna system of claim 1, further comprising a circuit board assembly, wherein the second electrical conductor is disposed within the circuit board assembly, wherein the second electrical conductor is a reference floor of the circuit board assembly.

3. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein at least a portion of the first electrical conductor is disposed opposite and spaced apart from the circuit board assembly, the feed being disposed on the circuit board assembly.

4. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein the first conductive body comprises a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion connected in a bent manner, the first conductive portion being opposite to and spaced apart from the second conductive portion, the second conductive portion being located between the circuit board assembly and the first conductive portion, the second conductive portion electrically connecting the second conductive portion and the feed.

5. The antenna system of claim 4, wherein the first conductive body is of unitary construction and the end of the second conductive portion remote from the first conductive portion is the feed point.

6. The antenna system of claim 4, wherein the feed point is located on the first conductive portion; the second conductive part is a conductive elastic sheet and is arranged on the circuit board assembly, and the second conductive part is abutted and electrically connected with the feed point of the first conductive part.

7. The antenna system of claim 6, further comprising an antenna carrier, wherein the first conductive portion is disposed on the antenna carrier; the antenna carrier is a flexible carrier, and the first conductive part is arranged in or on the surface of the flexible carrier; or the antenna carrier is a hard carrier, the antenna carrier and the circuit board assembly are oppositely arranged, and the first conductive part is arranged on the surface of the antenna carrier facing the circuit board assembly or the surface opposite to the circuit board assembly.

8. The antenna system of claim 4, further comprising an insulating dielectric body comprising a first face, a second face disposed opposite one another, and a first side connected between the first face and the second face;

The second surface of the insulating dielectric body is arranged on the circuit board assembly, the first conductive part of the first conductor is arranged on the first surface of the insulating dielectric body, and the second conductive part of the first conductor is arranged on the first side surface of the insulating dielectric body.

9. The antenna system of any of claims 2-8, wherein the first electrical conductor further comprises a ground point spaced from the feed point;

The antenna system further comprises a conductive piece, wherein the conductive piece is arranged on the circuit board assembly and is electrically connected with the second conductor and the grounding point.

10. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the first electrical conductor generates a first resonance supporting a first frequency band under the excitation signal and the second electrical conductor generates a second resonance supporting a second frequency band under the excitation signal, wherein the first frequency band at least partially coincides with the second frequency band.

11. The antenna system of claim 10, wherein the electrical length of the first electrical conductor is less than 1/4 wavelength, and wherein the electrical length of the first electrical conductor is greater than 1/4 wavelength and less than 1/2 wavelength.

12. The antenna system of claim 1, further comprising a third conductor comprising a first conductive end and a second conductive end, the first conductive end electrically connected to an end of the second conductor remote from the first conductor, the second conductive end extending toward an end of the first conductor remote from the second conductor, the first conductor producing a first resonance supporting a first frequency band under the excitation signal, the third conductor and at least a portion of the second conductor producing a second resonance supporting a second frequency band under the excitation signal, the first frequency band at least partially coinciding with the second frequency band.

13. The antenna system of claim 12, wherein the electrical length of the first electrical conductor is less than 1/4 wavelength, and the sum of the electrical lengths of the second electrical conductor and the third electrical conductor is greater than 1/4 wavelength and less than 1/2 wavelength.

14. The antenna system of claim 12, wherein the first electrical conductor is coupled with the third electrical conductor.

15. The antenna system of claim 14, wherein the first electrical conductor has an electrical length of less than 1/4 wavelength, the first electrical conductor has an electrical length of greater than 1/4 wavelength and less than 1/2 wavelength, and the third electrical conductor has an electrical length of less than 1/4 wavelength.

16. The antenna system of claim 14, wherein the third conductor comprises a fifth conductive portion and a sixth conductive portion connected in a bent manner, the fifth conductive portion being opposite to and spaced apart from the second conductor, an end of the fifth conductive portion remote from the sixth conductive portion being the first conductive end, the sixth conductive portion being located between the second conductor and the fifth conductive portion, an end of the sixth conductive portion remote from the fifth conductive portion being the second conductive end.

17. The antenna system of any of claims 10-16, wherein the first frequency band and the second frequency band combine a combined frequency band, the combined frequency band covering at least one of a bluetooth frequency band, a Wi-Fi 2.4G frequency band.

18. An electronic device comprising an antenna system as claimed in any one of claims 1-17.