CN118157419A - Multifunctional motor and electric automobile - Google Patents
Multifunctional motor and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN118157419A CN118157419A CN202410252282.8A CN202410252282A CN118157419A CN 118157419 A CN118157419 A CN 118157419A CN 202410252282 A CN202410252282 A CN 202410252282A CN 118157419 A CN118157419 A CN 118157419A
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 207
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
- H02K13/02—Connections between slip-rings and windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional motor and an electric automobile, which comprise a central shaft, a rotor assembly, a rotatable stator assembly and a fixed stator assembly, wherein the rotor assembly is arranged on the central shaft, and the rotatable stator assembly and the fixed stator assembly are sequentially sleeved outside the rotor assembly from inside to outside; the rotor assembly comprises a first winding arranged on the central shaft, and can rotate along with the central shaft; the rotatable stator assembly comprises a shell, and a second winding is arranged on the shell; the fixed stator assembly comprises a shell which is fixedly arranged, and a third winding is arranged on the shell. The invention can simultaneously satisfy the functions of synchronous, asynchronous, permanent magnet and other motors and the functions of permanent magnet and excitation power generation, can freely switch various combination modes to work so as to adapt to complex working conditions, and can transfer the kinetic energy of an automobile into the kinetic energy of high-speed rotation of a rotatable stator or rotor during braking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a multifunctional motor and an electric automobile.
Background
The new energy vehicle motor can generate electricity as a motor or as a generator (namely a permanent magnet motor and a motor with an excitation coil), but can not generate electricity and output mechanical power, so that two motors, one for generating electricity and one for outputting power as a motor, are installed in a common electric vehicle (particularly a hybrid new energy vehicle). The energy loss is large in the process from power generation to power utilization and power storage. There are more gear mechanisms between each motor, and there are gear and other gears, and the structure is complicated, and the energy consumption also increases. In addition, when the motor outputs power, the motor is limited by self power and rotating speed, the power cannot exceed the maximum value of the self power and the rotating speed and the maximum value of torque, and when the motor runs at high speed, the running performance is greatly reduced, and the torque is seriously reduced. Meanwhile, when the motor recovers the kinetic energy of the automobile during deceleration, the kinetic energy can only be converted into electric energy for recovery, the electric energy is limited by self power generation and the charging power of a power supply system, the automobile kinetic energy is wasted greatly during emergency braking, the recovered kinetic energy is small in proportion, the kinetic energy is recovered little or cannot be recovered during low-speed deceleration of the automobile, most of the automobile kinetic energy is wasted due to heat energy generated by friction at a braking position, and the battery is repeatedly charged and discharged, so that the service life of the battery is influenced.
The motor is needed to solve the problems that a new energy vehicle needs to be provided with two motors, so that the power output structure is complex, the torque is seriously reduced, the speed is reduced at a low speed, the kinetic energy is little recovered or the maximum value of the generated power and the charging power can not be recovered and the generated power can not be recovered in some working states, the service life is influenced, the electric energy is wasted and the heat is generated due to repeated charging and discharging of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional motor and an electric automobile, which can realize the kinetic energy conversion function of various conditions, simultaneously avoid electric energy transmission among a plurality of motors, simultaneously meet the functions of motors such as synchronous motor, asynchronous motor, permanent magnet motor and the like, also can meet the functions of permanent magnet motor and excitation motor, can freely switch various combined modes to work so as to adapt to complex working conditions, and does not need to install two synchronous motors and asynchronous motors so as to adapt to the requirements of low-speed and high-speed operation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A multifunctional motor comprises a central shaft, a rotor assembly, a rotatable stator assembly and a fixed stator assembly, wherein the rotor assembly is arranged on the central shaft, and the rotatable stator assembly and the fixed stator assembly are sequentially sleeved outside the rotor assembly from inside to outside;
The rotor assembly comprises a first winding arranged on the central shaft, and can rotate along with the central shaft;
The rotatable stator assembly comprises a shell, a second winding is arranged on the shell, the winding of the second winding is wound inside or outside the cylindrical structure and respectively generates inward and outward magnetic fields, and the first winding is sleeved in the second winding;
the fixed stator assembly comprises a shell which is fixedly arranged, a third winding is arranged in the shell, and a second winding is arranged in the third winding.
Preferably, the rotor assembly further comprises a magnetic rotor, the magnetic rotor and the first winding are sequentially arranged on the central shaft along the axial direction, and the magnetic rotor and the first winding are sleeved in the second winding.
The number of the second windings is 2, namely a second winding A and a second winding B which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft, and the number of the third windings is 2, namely a third winding A and a third winding B which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft; the first winding is arranged on the inner ring of the second winding A, the magnetic rotor is arranged on the inner ring of the second winding B, the second winding A is arranged on the inner ring of the third winding A, and the second winding B is arranged on the inner ring of the third winding B.
Preferably, the first winding or the second winding is replaced with a permanent magnet;
When the second winding is replaced by a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet on the shell is arranged in the cylindrical shell, an interlayer is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (33), and the permanent magnet is arranged in the interlayer.
Preferably, the second winding comprises a plurality of stacked annular silicon steel sheets, the inner ring of the annular silicon steel sheets is provided with a winding, the outer ring of the annular silicon steel sheets is provided with a permanent magnet, or the inner ring of the annular silicon steel sheets is provided with a permanent magnet, the outer ring of the annular silicon steel sheets is provided with a winding, or the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular silicon steel sheets are both provided with windings, and the magnetic fields in the inward direction and the outward direction are respectively generated.
Further, a ring-shaped silicon steel sheet may be provided in the interlayer of the case 33.
Preferably, a plurality of fan-shaped silicon steel sheets are stacked to form a columnar structure, the columnar structures are spaced apart by a certain gap to form a cylindrical structure which is inlaid on or in the housing 33, and the winding is wound at the gap of the columnar structure.
Preferably, the housing is connected to the central shaft by means of bearings.
Preferably, the inner wall of the housing is provided with an interlayer, and the second winding is arranged in the interlayer.
Preferably, a first brake ring is connected to one end of the central shaft.
Preferably, a second brake ring is connected to the housing.
Preferably, a first conductive slip ring is arranged on the central shaft, and the first conductive slip ring is connected with the first winding.
Preferably, a second conductive slip ring is arranged on the shell, and the second conductive slip ring is connected with the second winding.
Preferably, the number of the second conductive slip rings and the number of the second windings are multiple, and each second conductive slip ring is connected with the corresponding second winding.
Preferably, the external fixed stator comprises a plurality of unit windings distributed along the circumferential direction, one or several groups of which are taken; or the third winding is removed and the external magnetic field of the second winding is removed entirely.
An electric automobile comprises the multifunctional motor and the clutch, and the shell and the central shaft are connected with the clutch.
Preferably, the housing 33 in the rotatable stator assembly and the central shaft 23 in the rotor assembly are connected to the automobile engine through a double clutch, and both the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly can be independently rotated by energizing for starting the automobile engine;
If the automobile engine generates power and outputs power, the rotatable stator assembly inputs power by the engine, the rotating current is generated to output partial electric energy, the rotor assembly is rotated by magnetic field force to output mechanical energy, and the rotor assembly is used as a power output end;
Step A, when the automobile accelerates and decelerates, the output size of the mechanical power of the rotor assembly is adjusted by adjusting the internal current and the output current of the motor, so that the automobile accelerates and decelerates, or electric energy is input into a rotatable stator assembly or a winding of the rotor assembly, and the rotor assembly is accelerated and rotated by the rotatable stator assembly through magnetic field force, so that the automobile accelerates more quickly;
step B, when the automobile brakes, 1) if the rotor assembly is used as a power output end, if the rotating speed of the rotor assembly is higher than that of the rotatable stator assembly, the winding of the rotatable stator or the rotor assembly generates electricity to output electric energy, and meanwhile, the rotor assembly is subjected to the action of magnetic field force to accelerate rotation, part of energy or all energy is stored in the rotatable stator assembly in the form of kinetic energy, and the rotor assembly decelerates; 2) If the speed difference between the rotor assembly and the rotatable stator assembly reaches a set approaching value or the rotor assembly reaches a set low-speed rotation value, inputting electric energy into the rotatable stator assembly or the rotor assembly, decelerating the rotor assembly by a reverse thrust action, and accelerating and rotating the rotatable stator assembly to store more kinetic energy, and simultaneously, generating electricity by a winding of the fixed stator assembly and generating electromagnetic force to prevent the rotation speed of the rotatable stator assembly from increasing;
When the rotor or the rotatable stator is assembled into a permanent magnet, the working principle is similar;
the step A and the step B have no front-back sequence relation;
If the rotatable stator assembly is used as a power output end of the motor, in the braking process of the automobile, when the rotating speed of the rotatable stator assembly is higher than that of the rotor assembly, the rotor assembly or the rotatable stator assembly generates power, the rotor assembly accelerates, and the rotatable stator assembly decelerates; when the rotating speed difference of the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly reaches a set similar value or the rotatable stator assembly reaches a set low-speed rotating value, the connection between the power output end of the motor and the rotatable stator assembly can be switched to be connected with the rotor assembly for better energy recovery effect, and the process of the step 2) in the step B is continued; when the rotating speed of the rotor assembly is higher than that of the rotatable stator assembly, the fixed stator assembly generates electricity, the rotatable stator assembly decelerates, and the rotatable stator assembly or the rotor assembly generates electricity; and (2) decelerating the rotor assembly, switching the power output end of the motor to be connected with the rotor assembly when the rotating speed difference of the motor and the rotor assembly reaches a set similar value, and continuing the process of the step (2) in the step (B).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention uses one motor to convert part of kinetic energy of the engine into electric energy, the other part is directly mechanical energy output, the proportion of the two can be conveniently regulated, the motor can also be used as kinetic energy recovery, the kinetic energy is converted into electric energy and self-rotating kinetic energy, the motor is reversely started, the motor and the engine can be used as power output together, higher power, rotating speed and torque are output in a superposition way, the power conversion function of multiple conditions which can be completed by two motors can be realized, meanwhile, the loss of electric energy transmitted among multiple motors is avoided, one motor simultaneously meets the functions of synchronous, asynchronous, permanent magnet and other motors, can also meet the functions of permanent magnet and excitation power generation, can freely switch various combined modes to work so as to adapt to complex working conditions, and the synchronous and asynchronous two motors are not required to be installed to meet the requirements of low-speed and high-speed operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional motor in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional motor in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional motor in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third winding in example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a ring-shaped silicon steel sheet when the inside and outside of the second winding are both windings in embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the annular silicon steel sheet in embodiment 5 of the present invention when the inner ring of the second winding is a winding and the outer ring is a permanent magnet;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the annular structure of the fan-shaped silicon steel sheet in embodiment 5 of the present invention when the inside and outside of the second winding are the same winding;
In the figure: 1-clutch, 21-first winding, 22-magnetic rotor, 23-central shaft, 43-housing, 31-second winding a, 32-second winding B, 33-housing, 34-permanent magnet, 41-third winding a, 42-third winding B, 5-bearing, 61-first brake ring, 62-second brake ring, 71-first conductive slip ring, 72-second conductive slip ring, 81-first unit winding, 82-second unit winding, 83-third unit winding, 84-fourth unit winding, 85-fifth unit winding, 86-sixth unit winding; 9-sector short silicon steel sheets, 10-sector long silicon steel sheets and 11-winding areas.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the indicated azimuth or positional relationship is based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated apparatus or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, as well as, for example, fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled, unless otherwise specifically indicated and defined. Either mechanically or electrically. Can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Example 1
The multifunctional motor comprises a central shaft 23, a rotor assembly, a rotatable stator assembly and a fixed stator assembly, wherein the rotor assembly is arranged on the central shaft 23, and the rotatable stator assembly and the fixed stator assembly are sequentially and concentrically sleeved outside the rotor assembly from inside to outside;
the rotor assembly comprises a first winding 21 arranged on a central shaft 23, and the rotor assembly can rotate along with the central shaft 23;
The rotatable stator assembly comprises a shell 33, a second winding is arranged on the shell 33, the winding of the second winding is wound inside and outside the cylindrical structure and can generate inward and outward magnetic fields, the inner winding and the outer winding can be connected in one-to-one correspondence, the on-off of the inner winding and the outer winding is controlled by an electronic element, the second winding rotates along with the shell 33, and the first winding 21 is sleeved in the second winding;
the fixed stator assembly comprises a housing 43 fixedly arranged, a third winding is arranged in the housing 43, and a second winding is arranged in the third winding.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the technical characteristics of the magnetic rotor are further defined on the basis of the embodiment 1, and the performance of the defined embodiment 2 is better.
The rotor assembly further comprises a magnetic rotor 22, the magnetic rotor 22 and the first winding 21 are sequentially arranged on the central shaft along the axial direction, and the magnetic rotor 22 and the first winding 21 are both sleeved in the second winding.
The number of the second windings is 2, namely a second winding A31 and a second winding B32 which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft 23, and the number of the third windings is 2, namely a third winding A41 and a third winding B42 which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft 23; the first winding 21 is disposed in the inner ring of the second winding a31, the magnetic rotor 22 is disposed in the inner ring of the second winding B32, the second winding a31 is disposed in the inner ring of the third winding a41, and the second winding B32 is disposed in the inner ring of the third winding B42.
Further, the housing 33 is connected to the central shaft 23 through the bearing 5; the bearing 5 serves to attenuate friction between the housing 33 and the central shaft 23.
Further, an interlayer is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 33, and the second winding is arranged in the interlayer; the housing 33 is sleeved between the rotor assembly and the fixed stator assembly.
Further, the magnetic rotor 22 is a permanent magnet rotor.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, the first winding is replaced with a magnetic rotor 22, and the magnetic rotor 22 is a permanent magnet rotor.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 3, the second winding on the housing is replaced with a permanent magnet having a magnetic field directed inward and outward on the basis of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet on the housing 33 is in a cylindrical housing with magnetic fields inside and outside.
Example 5
The second winding comprises a plurality of stacked annular silicon steel sheets, the inner ring of each annular silicon steel sheet is provided with a winding, and the outer ring of each annular silicon steel sheet is provided with a permanent magnet; or the inner ring of the silicon steel sheet is provided with a permanent magnet, and the outer ring is provided with a winding; or the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular silicon steel sheet are respectively provided with windings, and can respectively generate magnetic fields in inward and outward directions, and the two magnetic fields are integrated, or the annular silicon steel sheet is not provided with the inner ring and the outer ring and only consists of the same windings from inside to outside.
When the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular silicon steel sheet are windings, a plurality of inner wire grooves are circumferentially distributed on the inner ring of the annular silicon steel sheet, and a plurality of outer wire grooves are circumferentially distributed on the outer ring of the annular silicon steel sheet, as shown in fig. 5.
When the windings are arranged on the inner ring of the annular silicon steel sheet and the permanent magnets are arranged on the outer ring, a plurality of inner wire grooves are distributed on the inner ring of the annular silicon steel sheet along the circumferential direction, and the permanent magnets are arranged on the outer ring, as shown in fig. 6.
When the inner ring and the outer ring are not separated, the second winding comprises a columnar structure formed by stacking a plurality of sector silicon steel sheets, the columnar structures are arranged into a cylindrical structure at intervals, the gaps are winding areas, and the windings are wound at the gaps of the columnar structures and are embedded on or in the shell 33.
The silicon steel sheets are divided into a sector-shaped short silicon steel sheet and a sector-shaped long silicon steel sheet, which are alternately distributed in sequence as shown in fig. 7.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 4, on the basis of embodiments 1 to 5, the third winding includes a plurality of unit windings distributed along the circumferential direction; when the device is used, the number of the unit windings can be adjusted according to the requirement, the number of the unit windings is 6, namely, the first unit winding 81, the second unit winding 82, the third unit winding 83, the fourth unit winding 84, the fifth unit winding 85 and the sixth unit winding 86 are respectively arranged, 1 unit winding can be selected, two adjacent unit windings are removed completely, or 2 unit windings (such as the first unit winding 81 and the fourth unit winding 84) are separated, or 3 unit windings (such as the first unit winding 81, the third unit winding 83 and the fifth unit winding 85) are arranged at intervals, and when the number of the unit windings does not meet 6, the unit windings are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shell. And simultaneously, the structure can be simplified by shortening the coil in the axial direction, or the third winding is removed and the external magnetic field of the second winding is removed.
The third winding a41 and the third winding B42 are each unit windings distributed in the circumferential direction.
Example 7
The limitation of the brake ring is further increased on the basis of the embodiments 1-4, and the performance of the limited embodiment 2 is better.
A first brake ring 61 is connected to one end of the central shaft 23; the first brake ring 61 is used for deceleration stopping and fixing of the center shaft 23.
The housing 33 is connected with a second brake ring 62; the second brake ring 62 is used for deceleration stopping and fixing of the housing 33.
In embodiments 1 to 3, a first conductive slip ring 71 is provided on the center shaft 23, and the first conductive slip ring 71 is connected to the first winding 21.
In embodiments 1 to 2, the housing 33 is provided with a second conductive slip ring 72, and the second conductive slip ring 72 is connected to the second winding.
Further, the number of the second conductive slip rings 72 and the number of the second windings are multiple, and the second conductive slip rings 72 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and are connected with the corresponding second windings.
An electric automobile comprises the multifunctional motor and the clutch, wherein the shell 33 and the central shaft 23 are connected with the clutch, the clutch is connected with an automobile engine, and the clutch is a double clutch or a single clutch.
Further, the housing 33 in the rotatable stator assembly and the central shaft 23 in the rotor assembly are connected with the automobile engine through the double clutch, and the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly can be independently rotated by being electrified for starting the automobile engine;
If the automobile engine generates power and outputs power, the rotatable stator assembly inputs power by the engine, the rotating current is generated to output partial electric energy, the rotor assembly is rotated by magnetic field force to output mechanical energy, and the rotor assembly is used as a power output end;
Step A, when the automobile accelerates and decelerates, the output size of the mechanical power of the rotor assembly is adjusted by adjusting the internal current and the output current of the motor, so that the automobile accelerates and decelerates, or electric energy is input into a rotatable stator assembly or a winding of the rotor assembly, and the rotor assembly is accelerated and rotated by the rotatable stator assembly through magnetic field force, so that the automobile accelerates more quickly;
Step B, when the automobile brakes, 1) if the rotating speed of the rotor assembly is higher than that of the rotatable stator assembly, the winding of the rotatable stator or the rotor assembly generates electricity to output electric energy, and meanwhile, the rotor assembly is subjected to the action of magnetic field force to accelerate rotation, part of energy is stored in the rotatable stator assembly in a kinetic energy form, the rotor assembly is decelerated, 2) if the speed difference between the rotor assembly and the rotatable stator assembly reaches a set near value or the rotor assembly reaches a set low-speed rotation value, electric energy is input to the rotatable stator or the rotor assembly, the rotor assembly is decelerated by the reverse thrust action, the rotatable stator assembly accelerates and rotates, more kinetic energy is stored, meanwhile, the winding of the fixed stator assembly can generate electricity, electromagnetic force is generated to prevent the rotating speed of the rotatable stator assembly from increasing, so that the rotating speed of the rotatable stator assembly is kept at a reasonable rotating speed, the rotating speed can be increased to 1000r/min or/and the magnetic field of exciting winding is enhanced during sudden braking, and when the rotor assembly is a winding is a permanent magnet on the rotatable stator, the working principle is similar;
the step A and the step B have no front-back sequence relation;
If the rotatable stator assembly is used as a motor power output end, in the braking process of the automobile, when the rotating speed of the rotatable stator assembly is higher than that of the rotor assembly, the rotor assembly or the rotatable stator assembly generates power, the rotor assembly accelerates, and the rotatable stator assembly decelerates; when the rotating speed difference of the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly reaches a set similar value or the rotatable stator assembly reaches a set low-speed rotating value, the connection between the power output end of the motor and the rotatable stator assembly can be switched to be connected with the rotor assembly for better energy recovery effect, and the process of the step 2) in the step B is continued; when the rotating speed of the rotor assembly is higher than that of the rotatable stator assembly, the fixed stator assembly generates electricity, the rotatable stator assembly decelerates, and the rotatable stator assembly or the rotor assembly generates electricity; and (2) decelerating the rotor assembly, switching the power output end of the motor to be connected with the rotor assembly when the rotating speed difference of the motor and the rotor assembly reaches a set similar value, and continuing the process of the step (2) in the step (B).
The speed difference reaches a set similar value, namely the speed difference of the two is not more than 500r/min, the set low-speed rotation value is that the rotation speed is not more than 500r/min, and the rotation speed can be increased to 1000r/min or/and the magnetic field of the exciting winding is enhanced during sudden braking.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. In the parking state of the automobile, the shell 33 in the rotatable stator assembly and the central shaft 23 in the rotor assembly can be connected with the automobile engine through the double clutch, and the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly can be powered to rotate independently, so that the automobile engine can be started, and the automobile can be started to move simultaneously (namely, the motor is started equivalently). In the pure electric running process of the automobile, the engine can be connected with one rotating stator assembly and one rotating rotor assembly for starting, when the rotor assembly is used as a power output end and the engine is connected with the rotor assembly, the power of the motor is increased, the motor can run stably, and the engine can be started in a state without a pause feeling during the running of the automobile stably. When the motor is connected with the rotatable stator assembly, two groups of third windings can be electrified to drive the rotatable stator assembly to rotate and simultaneously start the generator, when the rotor assembly is static and the rotatable stator assembly rotates, the rotatable stator is a power output end at the moment, and the engine is connected with the static rotor assembly, so that the third windings are electrified to work to drive the rotatable stator assembly to rotate, and the rotatable stator assembly drives the rotor assembly to rotate and start the engine.
2. Series-parallel operation of engine and motor
1. The engine and the rotatable stator assembly (or the rotor assembly) are connected in series to form a whole, when the engine outputs power, when the automobile moves at medium and low speed, the engine outputs proper medium and low rotation speed and power to keep high thermal efficiency, and the engine is connected with the rotatable stator assembly or the rotor assembly, and the rotor assembly or the rotatable stator assembly outputs power to enable the automobile to move. The rotating stator assembly (or rotor assembly) connected with the engine is higher than the rotating speed of the rotor assembly (or rotating stator assembly), so that electricity can be generated, magnetic field capacity is generated, the rotor assembly (or rotating stator assembly) can be rotated by reaction force (magnetic field force) due to interaction of force (magnetic field force) and drive the automobile to move, the proportion of mechanical energy and electric energy output to the total power of the engine can be controlled by adjusting parameters such as generating power, internal current and external voltage, and the like, for example, a variable inductor is connected with a charger in parallel and then connected with a winding generating current in series, the current in the winding is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the variable inductor, the electromagnetic force is further adjusted, meanwhile, the output of mechanical torque, the rotating speed and the like can be also adjusted, and at the moment, the power output by the engine is partially converted into mechanical energy for automobile movement directly, and the mechanical energy is partially used for electricity generation and storage. When the motor runs at a high speed, the engine still keeps under a proper working condition, at the moment, the generator becomes the motor, electric energy is input, the motor works, the rotating speed of the rotor assembly (or the rotatable stator assembly) at the power output end is the sum of the rotating speeds of the engine and the motor, the motor and the motor can be driven to run at a high speed (the motor and the engine work under a more reasonable rotating speed working condition and can show good working performance), and at the moment, the motor can also be flexibly switched between the synchronous motor and the asynchronous motor and the hybrid power to adapt to different working condition requirements.
2. The engine is connected in parallel with the rotatable stator assembly (or rotor assembly). When the automobile runs at medium speed, the engine is connected with the rotor assembly (or the rotatable stator assembly), the rotor assembly (or the rotatable stator assembly) directly outputs power to drive the automobile to run, at the moment, the generator can not generate electricity, and no electric loss exists, the engine still keeps higher thermal efficiency, if high power and high torque are needed, when the engine is connected with the rotor assembly, the rotor assembly outputs power, the first winding 21 and the second winding A31, the magnetic rotor 22 and the second winding B32 can form two motors, at the moment, the output power and the torque are the sum of the motors and the engine, so that the power output performance is greatly improved, and when the engine is connected with the rotatable stator assembly, the rotatable stator assembly outputs power, the first winding 21 and the second winding A31, the magnetic rotor 22 and the second winding B32, the second winding A31 and the third winding A41, and the second winding B32 and the third winding B42 can form four motors, and better power output performance is achieved.
3. In the pure electric state, the rotatable stator assembly is electrified to drive the rotor assembly to rotate, the rotor assembly outputs power, meanwhile, the fixed stator assembly is electrified to drive the rotatable stator assembly to rotate, so that the fixed stator assembly and the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly have a low relative motion rotating speed, at the moment, the rotating speed of the rotor assembly is the sum of the relative rotating speed of the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly and the relative rotating speed of the fixed stator assembly and the rotatable stator assembly, the two groups of motors formed by the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly and the fixed stator assembly and the rotatable stator assembly can be ensured to operate at a low relative rotating speed, and the working performances such as larger torque, efficacy and the like are kept, and meanwhile, the automobile has high efficiency, good acceleration and the like during high-speed operation, and higher rotating speed output, which is a serial mode in the pure electric state. When the rotatable stator assembly outputs power, the rotor assembly and the fixed stator assembly are electrified, and at the moment, four motors of the first winding 21 and the second winding A31, the magnetic rotor 22 and the second winding B32, the second winding A31 and the third winding A41, the second winding B32 and the third winding B42 output power, and the torque is larger and the power is stronger at medium and low speeds, so that the motor is in a pure electric parallel mode.
3. Braking and energy recovery
1. When the rotor assembly is used as a power output end, the connection between the engine and the rotatable stator is disconnected, the first winding 21 and the second winding A31, the magnetic rotor 22 and the second winding B32 form two motors which are electrified to work, the rotor assembly is subjected to counter-thrust force, and the rotatable stator assembly is accelerated to rotate until the rotor assembly is decelerated to a stop. To prevent the rotational speed of the rotatable stator assembly from increasing, two generators of the second winding A31 and the third winding A41, the second winding B32 and the third winding B42 are started to generate electricity, and electromagnetic force is generated to limit the rotational speed of the rotatable stator assembly. The working mode is also suitable for being used when the rotating speed difference of the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly reaches a set similar value.
2. A, a; when the central shaft 23 is used as a power output end, the rotor assembly can directly generate electricity to enable the rotor assembly to be decelerated when the rotating speed of the rotor assembly is higher than that of the rotatable stator assembly at a high speed, the requirement on the generated power is too high when the emergency braking is performed, at the moment, the rotatable stator assembly is disconnected with an engine, the rotatable stator assembly or the rotor assembly can generate electricity and simultaneously is accelerated to rotate under the action of electromagnetic force, part of kinetic energy or all of the kinetic energy is stored in the rotatable stator assembly, at the moment, the rotatable stator assembly is equivalent to an energy storage flywheel, the output of electric energy can be generated and output by the rotor assembly or the rotatable stator assembly and the fixed stator assembly, the fixed stator assembly generates electromagnetic force when the electric energy is generated and outputs the electric energy, and the rotating speed of the rotatable stator assembly can be limited, so that the rotating speed of the rotatable stator assembly is kept at a reasonable rotating speed, and b; similarly, the rotor assembly can be used as an energy storage flywheel (according to the working state), the mass is small, the diameter is small, the kinetic energy storage effect is poor at the same rotating speed, at the moment, the rotor is used as a power input end, the rotatable stator is used as a power output end, when the rotating speed of the rotor is lower than that of the rotatable stator, the power can be generated, the rotating speed of the rotor is increased, the rotating speed of the rotatable stator is reduced, when the rotating speeds of the rotatable stator and the rotatable stator are similar, the rotating speed is switched to the rotor to be used as the power output end, the working process of the step 1 is continued, the connection can be directly switched to enable the rotor to be used as the power output end when the rotating speed of the rotor is higher than that of the rotatable stator, the outer stator generates power, the rotatable stator decelerates, the engine is disconnected, the rotor or the rotatable stator generates power, and the rotor decelerates, and when the rotating speeds of the rotor and the rotatable stator are similar, the rotor is switched to be used as the power output end, and the process in the step 1 is continued.
3. After braking, the rotatable stator assembly or rotor assembly serving as the energy storage flywheel can be used as a generator for generating electricity and can also be used as power for restarting (or accelerating) the automobile (at the moment, the rotating magnetic field of the motor does not generate electricity or generates little electricity), so that the electric energy loss in the process of generating electricity, storing electricity and reusing electricity is reduced, the efficiency is higher, the energy storage flywheel is suitable for storing kinetic energy in a short time, and the electric quantity and the times of charging and discharging of a battery are reduced.
In summary, 1, this motor is directly output the partial power of engine when generating electricity, is that the engine power is whole to be used for generating electricity in the current traditional structure, and partial electric energy driving motor, partial storage, energy conversion process loss is big, needs two motors to accomplish work, and this motor only needs a motor work can accomplish, has more gears between two motors of traditional hybrid mechanism in addition, has still designed the gear, and the structure is complicated, and the energy consumption consequently increases, and this motor reducible or not need the gear.
2. The maximum output power, the rotating speed and the torque of the motor are the sum of the engine and the motor and are higher than those of the traditional motor. The performance of the motor can be kept at a higher level when the motor is operated at a high speed, the rotating speed is the sum of the rotating speed of the motor and the rotating speed of the engine when the motor is operated in series, and the torque is the sum of the motor and a plurality of combined motors when the motor is operated in parallel and can provide higher torque when the motor is operated at a higher speed. The maximum output power of the traditional motor is generally near the rated power, the maximum torque is single motor torque, and the torque is greatly reduced at high rotating speed.
3. The engine is started without installing a special motor, and one motor solves the functions of a plurality of motors.
4. The motor has higher efficiency when recovering the kinetic energy of automobile deceleration, can meet the high requirement on kinetic energy recovery when the automobile brakes at low speed and brakes at high speed, greatly reduces the energy waste generated by friction braking of the brake pad, and reduces the abrasion of the traditional braking system. The traditional motor has low efficiency of recovering kinetic energy in low-speed braking and low efficiency of recovering kinetic energy due to the limitation of generated power and charging power in high-speed emergency braking, and reduces the times and the size of charging and discharging of a battery and energy loss in the process.
5. One motor can simultaneously meet the functions of synchronous, asynchronous, permanent magnet and other motors, can also meet the functions of permanent magnet and excitation power generation, and can freely switch various combination modes to work so as to adapt to complex working conditions, and the synchronous and asynchronous motors are not required to be installed so as to adapt to the requirements of low-speed and high-speed operation.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multifunctional motor, characterized in that: the device comprises a central shaft, a rotor assembly, a rotatable stator assembly and a fixed stator assembly, wherein the rotor assembly is arranged on the central shaft, and the rotatable stator assembly and the fixed stator assembly are sequentially sleeved outside the rotor assembly from inside to outside;
the rotor assembly comprises a first winding (21) arranged on the central shaft, and the rotor assembly can rotate along with the central shaft;
the rotatable stator assembly comprises a shell (33), and a second winding is arranged on the shell (33);
the fixed stator assembly comprises a shell (43) which is fixedly arranged, and a third winding is arranged on the shell (43).
2. The multi-function motor of claim 1, wherein: the rotor assembly further comprises a magnetic rotor (22), the magnetic rotor (22) and the first winding (21) are sequentially arranged on the central shaft along the axial direction, and the magnetic rotor (22) and the first winding (21) are sleeved in the second winding;
The number of the second windings is 2, namely a second winding A and a second winding B which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft, and the number of the third windings is 2, namely a third winding A and a third winding B which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft; the first winding (21) is arranged on the inner ring of the second winding A (31), the magnetic rotor (22) is arranged on the inner ring of the second winding B (32), the second winding A (31) is arranged on the inner ring of the third winding A (41), and the second winding B (32) is arranged on the inner ring of the third winding B (42).
3. The multi-function motor of claim 1, wherein: the first winding (21) or the second winding is replaced by a permanent magnet;
When the second winding is replaced by a permanent magnet, an interlayer is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (33), and the permanent magnet is arranged in the interlayer.
4. The multi-function motor of claim 1, wherein: the second winding comprises a plurality of stacked annular silicon steel sheets, the inner ring of each silicon steel sheet is provided with a winding, and the outer ring of each silicon steel sheet is provided with a permanent magnet; or the inner ring of the silicon steel sheet is provided with a permanent magnet, and the outer ring is provided with a winding; or the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular silicon steel sheet are both arranged as windings.
5. The multifunctional motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the third winding comprises one or more unit windings distributed along the circumferential direction; or the third winding is removed.
6. The multifunctional motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the housing (33) is connected to the central shaft (23) via a bearing (5).
7. The multifunctional motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: one end of the central shaft (23) is connected with a first brake ring (61);
a second brake ring (62) is connected to the housing (33).
8. The multifunctional motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the central shaft (23) is provided with a first conductive slip ring (71), and the first conductive slip ring (71) is connected with the first winding (21);
The shell (33) is provided with a second conductive slip ring (72), and the second conductive slip ring (72) is connected with the second winding.
9. An electric automobile, characterized in that: comprising a multifunctional motor and clutch according to any one of claims 1-4, to which the housing (33) and the central shaft (23) are connected.
10. The electric vehicle of any one of claims 9, characterized in that: a shell (33) in the rotatable stator assembly and a central shaft (23) in the rotor assembly are connected with an automobile engine through a clutch, and the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly can be electrified to rotate independently and are used for starting the automobile engine;
If the automobile engine generates power and outputs power, the rotatable stator assembly inputs power by the engine, the rotating current is generated to output partial electric energy, the rotor assembly is rotated by magnetic field force to output mechanical energy, and the rotor assembly is used as a power output end;
Step A, regulating the output of the mechanical power of a rotor assembly by regulating the internal current and the output current of a motor, so that the automobile accelerates and decelerates; or inputting electric energy to windings of the rotatable stator assembly or the rotor assembly, wherein the rotatable stator assembly accelerates and rotates the rotor assembly through magnetic field force so as to accelerate the automobile;
Step B, when the automobile brakes, 1) if the rotor assembly is used as a power output end, the rotating speed of the rotor assembly is higher than that of the rotatable stator assembly, then the rotatable stator assembly or a winding of the rotor assembly generates electricity to output electric energy, and meanwhile, the rotor assembly is subjected to the action of magnetic field force to accelerate rotation, part of energy or all energy is stored in the rotatable stator assembly in a form of kinetic energy, and the rotor assembly decelerates; 2) If the speed difference between the rotor assembly and the rotatable stator assembly reaches a set approaching value or the rotor assembly reaches a set low-speed rotation value, inputting electric energy into the rotatable stator assembly or the rotor assembly, and decelerating the rotor assembly by a reverse thrust action to accelerate the rotatable stator assembly to rotate, storing more kinetic energy, simultaneously, fixing a winding of the stator assembly to generate electricity and generating electromagnetic force to prevent the rotation speed of the rotatable stator assembly from increasing;
the step A and the step B have no front-back sequence relation;
If the rotatable stator assembly is used as a power output end, in the braking process of the automobile, when the rotating speed of the rotatable stator assembly is higher than that of the rotor assembly, the rotor assembly or the rotatable stator assembly generates power, the rotor assembly accelerates, and the rotatable stator assembly decelerates; when the rotation speed difference of the rotatable stator assembly and the rotor assembly reaches a set similar value or the rotatable stator assembly reaches a set low-speed rotation value, switching the connection between the power output end and the rotatable stator assembly to the connection between the power output end and the rotor assembly for better energy recovery effect, and continuing the process of the step 2) in the step B; when the rotating speed of the rotor assembly is higher than that of the rotatable stator assembly, the fixed stator assembly generates electricity, the rotatable stator assembly decelerates, and the rotatable stator assembly or the rotor assembly generates electricity; and (3) decelerating the rotor assembly, switching the power output end to be connected with the rotor assembly when the rotating speed difference of the rotor assembly and the rotor assembly reaches a set approximate value, and continuing the process of the step (2) in the step (B).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410252282.8A CN118157419A (en) | 2024-03-06 | 2024-03-06 | Multifunctional motor and electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410252282.8A CN118157419A (en) | 2024-03-06 | 2024-03-06 | Multifunctional motor and electric automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN118157419A true CN118157419A (en) | 2024-06-07 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410252282.8A Pending CN118157419A (en) | 2024-03-06 | 2024-03-06 | Multifunctional motor and electric automobile |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN118157419A (en) |
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- 2024-03-06 CN CN202410252282.8A patent/CN118157419A/en active Pending
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