CN118129456A - 带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统及供风方法 - Google Patents

带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统及供风方法 Download PDF

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CN118129456A
CN118129456A CN202211488168.2A CN202211488168A CN118129456A CN 118129456 A CN118129456 A CN 118129456A CN 202211488168 A CN202211488168 A CN 202211488168A CN 118129456 A CN118129456 A CN 118129456A
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郑绥旭
吴增福
邢守正
刘月星
郑丹阳
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Northern Engineering and Technology Corp MCC
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/02Roasting processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/26Cooling of roasted, sintered, or agglomerated ores
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/243Endless-strand conveyor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00Arrangements of controlling devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F27B2009/122Preheating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F27B2009/124Cooling
    • F27B2009/126Cooling involving the circulation of cooling gases, e.g. air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B2009/3088Drying arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • F27D2019/0018Monitoring the temperature of the atmosphere of the kiln
    • F27D2019/0021Monitoring the temperature of the exhaust gases

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统及供风方法,包括带式焙烧机和带式焙烧机风箱,还包括Ⅰ号回热风机、Ⅱ号回热风机和混风装置,带式焙烧机风箱分为五组,在抽干段上罩的上部设有抽干段供风管道和混风装置;第三组风箱与Ⅰ号回热风机和回热风总管Ⅰ连接,回热风总管Ⅰ通过若干根抽干段供风支管A与对应的混风装置连接,第四组风箱与Ⅱ号回热风机、回热风总管Ⅱ、抽干段供风支管B和预热段供风支管连接,在抽干段供风支管A和抽干段供风支管B以及冷却一段回风支管上均设有供风调节阀。本发明通过将“回热风”分为温度高、低两部分经由不同的回热风机回收利用,根据需要分区域按比例混合使用,使进入抽风干燥段和预热段的气流温度可调,能提高供热效率。

Description

带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统及供风方法
技术领域
本发明属于铁矿球团生产技术领域,具体涉及一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统及供风方法。
背景技术
目前,带式焙烧机工艺是铁矿球团的主要生产工艺之一,传统的热风流程是根据气流走向和设备功能将带式焙烧机分为七个功能区,上罩分为七段,风箱分为四组。沿料流前进方向,七段上罩对应的功能区分别为鼓干段、抽干段、预热段、焙烧段、均热段、冷却一段、冷却二段,为满足各功能区对介质温度的要求,进入各段的气流来源不同。
风箱分组与各段上罩是有关联的,具体配置如下:
1)第一组风箱对应鼓干段,气流来自鼓干风机,进入风箱后自下而上穿过料层进入上罩,对生球进行初步干燥,鼓干段上罩的废气经过除尘后排入大气;
2)第二组风箱对应抽干段、预热段和焙烧段前部,气流分别来自回热风机和冷却一段,焙烧段上罩两侧的供热装置可以使进入上罩的气流升温,不同温度的气流进入上罩后自上而下穿过料层进入风箱,生球完成脱水过程后进一步升温,并进入焙烧阶段,第二组各风箱的烟气汇集后,全部经由外排系统处理后排入大气;
3)第三组风箱对应焙烧段后部和均热段,气流来自冷却一段,焙烧段上罩两侧的供热装置可以使进入上罩的气流升温,不同温度的气流进入上罩后自上而下穿过料层进入风箱,球团完成焙烧过程后保温一定的时间,第三组各风箱的烟气汇集后作为“回热风”,经回热风机返回带式焙烧机上罩,一部分进入抽干段上罩,用作抽干的介质,其余部分进入预热段上罩,根据生产需要调节预热段上罩内的气体温度;
4)第四组风箱对应冷却一段和冷却二段,气流来自冷却风机,常温空气由风箱自下而上穿过料层进入上罩,对球团矿进行冷却。冷却一段上罩废气的去向有两个,前部的高温废气直接进入均热段料层,后部的废气通过回热风管进入焙烧段和预热段上罩,冷却二段上罩废气去往鼓干风机,作为鼓干段的换热介质。
在实际生产中,使用不同原料时生球干燥过程的热工制度可能会有较大差异,采用上述的传统风流程,会存在以下问题:
1)抽干段和预热段用风来源单一,进入两段上罩内的气体温度差异较大,球团从抽风干燥段进入预热段时气流温度陡升,在抽干段生球干燥不彻底的情况下,可能会出现球团爆裂现象,严重时可能会造成料层中粉末量增加,使料层阻力增加,烟气中的粉尘浓度升高,从而影响球团矿的产、质量,增加系统能耗;
2)为了防止生球爆裂,通常在“回热风”中兑入环境空气,使其温度降到生球爆裂温度以下,虽满足了抽风干燥的温度限制条件,但也降低了供热强度,使球团干燥、升温的过程延长,影响设备使用效率的发挥。
因此,有必要增设调控手段,使抽风干燥段和预热段使用的气体温度可调,使两段之间过渡过程中的球团升温过程可控,既要保证生球干燥效果,又要确保球团升温过程中的供热效率,节省系统能耗。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统及供风方法,将“回热风”分为温度高、低两部分经由不同的回热风机回收利用,并设置调节手段,通过控制不同区域使用的两部分“回热风”的比例,能根据需要精准控制抽干段、预热段用风温度。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案实现的:
本发明的一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,包括带式焙烧机和带式焙烧机风箱,带式焙烧机沿料流方向分为鼓干段、抽干段、预热段、焙烧段、均热段、冷却一段和冷却二段,其特征在于:还包括Ⅰ号回热风机、Ⅱ号回热风机和混风装置,带式焙烧机风箱分为五组,第一组风箱对应鼓干段,第二组风箱对应抽干段和预热段,第三组风箱对应焙烧段中前部,第四组风箱对应焙烧段后部和均热段,第五组风箱对应冷却一段和冷却二段;
在抽干段上罩的上部设有若干根抽干段供风管,在每根抽干段供风管上均设有混风装置;
所述的第三组风箱与Ⅰ号回热风机的进风口连接,Ⅰ号回热风机的出风口与回热风总管Ⅰ连接,回热风总管Ⅰ通过若干根抽干段供风支管A与对应的混风装置连接,在每根抽干段供风支管A上均设有供风调节阀Ⅰ;
所述的第四组风箱与Ⅱ号回热风机的进风口连接,Ⅱ号回热风机的出风口与回热风总管Ⅱ连接,回热风总管Ⅱ通过若干根抽干段供风支管B与对应的混风装置连接,在每根抽干段供风支管B上均设有供风调节阀Ⅱ;在所述的回热风总管Ⅱ上还设有若干根预热段供风支管,所述的预热段供风支管与冷却一段回风支管连接,在每根预热段供风支管上均设有供风调节阀Ⅲ。
进一步地,在所述的抽干段供风管上设有温度检测装置Ⅰ。
进一步地,在所述的冷却一段回风支管上设有温度检测装置Ⅱ。
进一步地,所述的带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统还包括控制系统,控制系统连接所述的温度检测装置Ⅰ和温度检测装置Ⅱ,并控制供风调节阀Ⅰ、供风调节阀Ⅱ和供风调节阀Ⅲ。
本发明的一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风方法,采用权利要求1-4所述的带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
S1、当抽干段供风管上的温度检测装置Ⅰ数值低于或高于设定值时,控制系统自动调节抽干段供风支管A上的供风调节阀Ⅰ和抽干段供风支管B上的供风调节阀Ⅱ开度;
S2、当冷却一段回风支管上的温度检测装置Ⅱ数值低于或高于设定值时,控制系统自动调节预热段供风支管上的供风调节阀Ⅲ的开度。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点是:
1)本发明通过将“回热风”分为温度高、低两部分经由不同的回热风机回收利用,根据需要按比例混合使用,使进入抽干段和预热段内不同区域的气流温度可调,能提高供热效率,节省系统能耗;
2)通过设置混风装置,使两股气流的使用比例可调,并能快速混匀,使从抽干段到预热段气流温度的变化可平滑过渡,可避免因温度陡升造成的负面影响,更有利于保证球团矿的质量;
3)增加了气流温度控制手段,能实现对抽干过程和预热过程的精准控制,在提高生产效率的基础上,增强了带式焙烧机对原料的适应能力,也为生产不同品质的球团矿创造了条件。
附图说明
图1为本发明的带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示,本发明的一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,包括带式焙烧机1和带式焙烧机风箱,带式焙烧机1沿料流方向分为鼓干段、抽干段、预热段、焙烧段、均热段、冷却一段和冷却二段,其特征在于:还包括Ⅰ号回热风机3、Ⅱ号回热风机5和混风装置7,带式焙烧机风箱分为五组,第一组风箱2-1对应鼓干段,第二组风箱2-2对应抽干段和预热段,第三组风箱2-3对应焙
烧段中前部,第四组风箱2-4对应焙烧段后部和均热段,第五组风箱2-5对应冷却一段和冷却二段;
在抽干段上罩的上部设有若干根抽干段供风管8,在每根抽干段供风管8上均设有混风装置7;
所述的第三组风箱2-3与Ⅰ号回热风机3的进风口连接,Ⅰ号回热风机3的出风口与回热风总管Ⅰ4连接,回热风总管Ⅰ4通过若干根抽干段供风支管A4-1与对应的混风装置7连接,在每根抽干段供风支管A4-1上均设有供风调节阀Ⅰ4-2;
所述的第四组风箱2-4与Ⅱ号回热风机5的进风口连接,Ⅱ号回热风机5的出风口与回热风总管Ⅱ6连接,回热风总管Ⅱ6通过若干根抽干段供风支管B6-1与对应的混风装置7连接,在每根抽干段供风支管B6-1上均设有供风调节阀Ⅱ6-2;在所述的回热风总管Ⅱ6上还设有若干根预热段供风支管6-3,所述的预热段供风支管6-3与冷却一段回风支管9连接,在每根预热段供风支管6-3上均设有供风调节阀Ⅲ6-4。
本发明在所述的抽干段供风管8上设有温度检测装置Ⅰ8-1。
本发明在所述的冷却一段回风支管9上设有温度检测装置Ⅱ9-1。
本发明所述的带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统还包括控制系统,控制系统连接所述的温度检测装置Ⅰ8-1和温度检测装置Ⅱ9-1,并控制供风调节阀Ⅰ4-2、供风调节阀Ⅱ6-2和供风调节阀Ⅲ6-4。
采用本发明的一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,其供风方法包括下列步骤:
S1、当抽干段供风管8上的温度检测装置Ⅰ8-1数值低于设定值时,控制系统自动关小抽干段供风支管A上的供风调节阀Ⅰ4-2的开度,同时开大抽干段供风支管B上的供风调节阀Ⅱ6-2的开度;当抽干段供风管8上的温度检测装置Ⅰ8-1数值高于设定值时,控制系统自动开大调节阀Ⅰ4-2的开度,同时关小供风调节阀Ⅱ6-2的开度;
因为从第四组风箱2-4出来的这部分气流的温度相对较高,将“回热风”分为温度高、低两部分经由不同的回热风机回收利用,根据需要分区域按比例混合使用,通过控制供风调节阀Ⅱ6-2和供风调节阀Ⅰ4-2的开度,使进入抽风干燥段和预热段的气流温度可调,能提高供热效率,节省系统能耗;
S2、当冷却一段回风支管9上的温度检测装置Ⅱ9-1数值低于设定值时,控制系统自动关小预热段供风支管6-3上的调节阀Ⅲ6-4的开度,当冷却一段回风支管9上的温度检测装置Ⅱ9-1数值高于设定值时,控制系统自动开大预热段供风支管6-3上的调节阀Ⅲ6-4的开度。使从抽风干燥段到预热段气流温度的变化可平滑过渡,可避免因温度陡升造成的负面影响,更有利于保证球团矿的质量。
采用本发明的一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,焙烧段中前部的烟气进入Ⅰ号回热风机(该部分气流温度相对较低),焙烧段后部和均热段的烟气进入Ⅱ号回热风机(该部分气流温度相对较高),通过阀门控制两股气流进入混风装置的比例,使经过混风装置后的气流温度可调,使从抽风干燥段到预热段气流温度的变化可平滑过渡,能实现对抽风干燥过程和预热过程的精准控制,能在提高生产效率的基础上提高供热效率,节省系统能耗,更有利于保证球团矿的质量,增强了带式焙烧机对原料的适应能力,也为生产不同品质的球团矿创造了条件。
本发明既能用于新建项目,也能在原有的球团生产线中改造,便于推广。

Claims (5)

1.一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,包括带式焙烧机和带式焙烧
机风箱,带式焙烧机沿料流方向分为鼓干段、抽干段、预热段、焙烧段、均热段、冷却一段和冷却二段,其特征在于:还包括Ⅰ号回热风机、Ⅱ号回热风机和混风装置,带式焙烧机风箱分为五组,第一组风箱对应鼓干段,第二组风箱对应抽干段和预热段,第三组风箱对应焙烧段中前部,第四组风箱对应焙烧段后部和均热段,第五组风箱对应冷却一段和冷却二段;
在抽干段上罩的上部设有若干根抽干段供风管,在每根抽干段供风管道上均设有混风装置;
所述的第三组风箱与Ⅰ号回热风机的进风口连接,Ⅰ号回热风机的出风口与回热风总管Ⅰ连接,回热风总管Ⅰ通过若干根抽干段供风支管A与对应的混风装置连接,在每根抽干段供风支管A上均设有供风调节阀Ⅰ;
所述的第四组风箱与Ⅱ号回热风机的进风口连接,Ⅱ号回热风机的出风口与回热风总管Ⅱ连接,回热风总管Ⅱ通过若干根抽干段供风支管B与对应的混风装置连接,在每根抽干段供风支管B上均设有供风调节阀Ⅱ;在所述的回热风总管Ⅱ上还设有若干根预热段供风支管,所述的预热段供风支管与冷却一段回风支管连接,在每根预热段供风支管上均设有供风调节阀Ⅲ。
2.根据权利要求1所述的式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,其特征在于:在所述的抽干段供风管上设有温度检测装置Ⅰ。
3.根据权利要求1所述的式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,其特征在于:在所述的冷却一段回风支管上设有温度检测装置Ⅱ。
4.根据权利要求1所述的式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,其特征在于:所述的带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统还包括控制系统,控制系统连接所述的温度检测装置Ⅰ和温度检测装置Ⅱ,并控制供风调节阀Ⅰ、供风调节阀Ⅱ和供风调节阀Ⅲ。
5.一种带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风控制方法,采用权利要求1-4所述的带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
S1、当抽干段供风管上的温度检测装置Ⅰ数值低于或高于设定值时,控制系统自动调节抽干段供风支管A上的供风调节阀Ⅰ和抽干段供风支管B上的供风调节阀Ⅱ开度;
S2、当冷却一段回风支管上的温度检测装置Ⅱ数值低于或高于设定值时,控制系统自动调节预热段供风支管6-3上的供风调节阀Ⅲ的开度。
CN202211488168.2A 2022-11-25 2022-11-25 带式焙烧机抽干段、预热段梯级供风系统及供风方法 Pending CN118129456A (zh)

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