CN118123989A - Preparation method of self-cleaning concrete and concrete - Google Patents
Preparation method of self-cleaning concrete and concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN118123989A CN118123989A CN202410148949.XA CN202410148949A CN118123989A CN 118123989 A CN118123989 A CN 118123989A CN 202410148949 A CN202410148949 A CN 202410148949A CN 118123989 A CN118123989 A CN 118123989A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical group CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 33
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- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 28
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- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229940057847 polyethylene glycol 600 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of building materials, and discloses a preparation method of self-cleaning concrete and the concrete, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: coating a lining plate of the die with a preparation liquid; pouring the stirred concrete into a die, and obtaining self-cleaning concrete after the concrete is solidified; the raw materials of the preparation liquid comprise water, nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide, sodium hydroxide and a viscosity regulator, wherein the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100 (45-51): (10-14), wherein the content of nano titanium dioxide in the preparation liquid is 4-10wt%, and the self-cleaning concrete can be obtained by loading nano titanium dioxide on the surface of the concrete with low cost, effectiveness, uniformity and high distribution rate.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of self-cleaning concrete and the concrete.
Background
The self-cleaning concrete is concrete which can keep the surface clean after being polluted in natural environment, and can effectively reduce the difficulty of environmental cleaning work and maintenance cost when used for environments such as a fishing port dock, a dock maintenance factory, a machine maintenance site and the like which are polluted.
The existing self-cleaning concrete has the long-acting and durable acquisition mode that nano titanium dioxide is doped into the concrete, when the concrete is exposed to sunlight, the nano titanium dioxide decomposes attached organic pollutants into water-soluble micromolecules through photocatalytic reaction, and the surface of the concrete can still keep the original state under the flushing of rainwater.
The development difficulty at present is how to attach the nano titanium dioxide on the concrete surface effectively, uniformly and with high distribution rate without depending on the mode of mixing a large amount of nano titanium dioxide with concrete raw materials, so that the self-cleaning nano titanium dioxide concrete is more economically and effectively used.
Disclosure of Invention
Provides a preparation method of self-cleaning concrete and the concrete for the use of the nano titanium dioxide self-cleaning concrete.
The first object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A preparation method of self-cleaning concrete comprises the steps of coating a lining plate of a mould with a preparation liquid;
Pouring the stirred concrete into a die, and obtaining self-cleaning concrete after the concrete is solidified; the raw materials of the preparation liquid comprise water, nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide, sodium hydroxide and a viscosity regulator, wherein the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100 (45-51): (10-14), wherein the nano titanium dioxide content in the preparation liquid is 4-10wt%.
By adopting the technical proposal, the nano silicon dioxide surface in the preparation liquid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium silicate colloid on the surface, the nano silicon dioxide with the sodium silicate colloid contacts and bonds the nano titanium dioxide on one hand, and continuously generates hydration reaction with calcium ions and the like in the mixing on the other hand and is stably solidified in the concrete,
The application adopts the coating of the preparation liquid on the template lining plate, then ensures that the nano titanium dioxide in the preparation liquid is stably solidified and loaded on the concrete, does not need to mix the nano titanium dioxide in the concrete, has less consumption of the whole nano titanium dioxide and low cost, and ensures that the nano titanium dioxide is more stably and effectively adhered by the preparation liquid which is prepared in a specific proportion,
In conclusion, the self-cleaning concrete can be obtained by loading nano titanium dioxide on the surface of the concrete with low cost, efficiency, uniformity and high distribution rate.
Optionally: the surface of the die lining plate is fixed with non-woven fabrics, and the configuration liquid is coated on the non-woven fabrics.
By adopting the technical scheme, the non-woven fabric is used as a direct coating carrier of the preparation liquid, so that the demoulding difficulty of concrete is reduced and the service life of the mould lining plate is prolonged.
Optionally: the coating amount of the configuration liquid on the non-woven fabric is 18-25 g/m 2.
By adopting the technical scheme, the adhesion amount and the loading efficiency of the nano titanium dioxide on the concrete surface under the coating amount are both better.
Optionally: the grain size ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide is 1 (5-7.5).
By adopting the technical scheme, the nano silicon dioxide is used as a carrier for bonding the nano titanium dioxide and a carrier for connecting the concrete in hydration reaction, when the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is larger than that of the nano titanium dioxide, the nano silicon dioxide is more in bonded nano titanium dioxide amount, the exposed surface is easier to participate in the hydration reaction of the concrete, and the adhesion effect on the nano titanium dioxide is better, wherein the particle size ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide is 1 (5-7.5).
Optionally: and curing the concrete by spraying an aluminum sulfate solution after curing.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, spraying aluminium sulfate solution can neutralize the alkali material that remains in the concrete, and the alkali aggregate reaction of light concrete makes the maintenance effect of concrete better, and concrete final strength is higher, and on the other hand, through the reaction with alkaline material, carries out the hole sealing to concrete surface hole, reduces pollutant infiltration and reduces the nano titanium dioxide of load along with the loss of rainwash.
Optionally: the viscosity regulator is sodium alginate.
By adopting the technical scheme, sodium alginate is a viscosity regulator, and can gradually react with calcium ions and the like in concrete to produce insoluble metal alginate after concrete pouring, so that holes generated by the migration of substances on the surface of the subsequent concrete are reduced, and the possibility that loaded nano titanium dioxide is worn along with scouring is further reduced.
Optionally: and (5) burning the surface by flame after the concrete is cured and maintained.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method can remove non-woven fabrics or other greasy dirt substance residues on the surface of the concrete by firing, so as to improve the activity of nano titanium dioxide, and on the other hand, the nano silicon dioxide with lower original load strength on the surface of the concrete and other minerals are locally eutectic, so that the load strength is enhanced, and the adhesion strength of the nano titanium dioxide is indirectly improved.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a self-cleaning concrete is prepared by the preparation method of the self-cleaning concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, the self-cleaning concrete provided by the application is convenient to produce, has a durable self-cleaning effect and is good in cost performance.
In summary, the application has at least the following advantages:
1. The method can load nano titanium dioxide on the surface of the concrete with low cost, efficiency, uniformity and high distribution rate to obtain self-cleaning concrete;
2. The self-cleaning concrete provided by the application is convenient to produce, has a durable self-cleaning effect and is good in cost performance.
Detailed Description
Raw materials:
the cement is P40.5 ordinary Portland cement;
the aggregate is crushed stone, and the particle size grading mass ratio is 8-9 cm, 5-6 cm, 3-4 cm=5:9:7;
the sand is river sand with the grain diameter of 0.85+/-0.05 mm;
the nanometer titanium dioxide and the nanometer silicon dioxide are commercial products, and the particle sizes of the nanometer titanium dioxide and the nanometer silicon dioxide are shown in specific examples.
Sodium alginate is a commercially available powder formulation product.
Polyethylene glycol 600 is a commercially available liquid dosage form product.
Aluminum sulfate is a commercially available powder formulation product.
The thickness of the non-woven fabric is 0.03mm, the surface density is 58g/m 2, and the water absorption rate is 186%.
Preparation example 1
The preparation liquid is prepared from water, nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide, sodium hydroxide and a viscosity regulator, wherein the dosage and mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100:47:12.
The particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 20nm, and the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 125nm.
The specific configuration method comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide and sodium hydroxide according to the mass ratio of 100:47:12, adding water to adjust the ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to 12wt%, adding sodium alginate as a viscosity modifier to adjust the viscosity, and alternately adding water and sodium alginate to adjust the viscosity and the ratio of the nano titanium dioxide.
The viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 3.9wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.0wt%.
Preparation example 2
The preparation liquid is prepared from water, nano silicon dioxide, sodium hydroxide and a viscosity regulator, wherein the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 47:12.
The particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 125nm.
The specific configuration method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, weighing nano silicon dioxide and sodium hydroxide according to the mass ratio, wherein the dosage mass ratio is 47:12, adding water to adjust the ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to 6wt%, adding sodium alginate as a viscosity modifier to adjust the viscosity, and alternately adding water and sodium alginate to adjust the viscosity and the ratio of the nano silicon dioxide.
The viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.55 Pa.s, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 3.9wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.0wt%.
Preparation example 4
A preparation liquid is prepared from water, nano titanium dioxide and viscosity regulator.
The particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 20nm.
The specific configuration method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, weighing nano titanium dioxide according to the mass ratio, adding water to adjust the nano titanium dioxide to be 12wt%, adding sodium alginate as a viscosity modifier to adjust the viscosity, and alternately adding water and sodium alginate to adjust the viscosity and the nano titanium dioxide to be the ratio.
The viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, and the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt%.
Preparation example 4
A preparation liquid is prepared from water, nano titanium dioxide, sodium hydroxide and a viscosity regulator, wherein the dosage and mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100:12.
The particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 20nm.
The specific configuration method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, weighing nano titanium dioxide and sodium hydroxide according to the mass ratio, wherein the dosage mass ratio is 100:12, adding water to adjust the ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to 12wt%, adding sodium alginate as a viscosity modifier to adjust the viscosity, and alternately adding water and sodium alginate to adjust the viscosity and the ratio of the nano titanium dioxide.
The viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.0wt%.
Preparation example 5
The preparation liquid is prepared from water, nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide and a viscosity regulator, wherein the dosage mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide is 100:47.
The particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 20nm, and the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 125nm.
The specific configuration method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, weighing nano titanium dioxide and nano silicon dioxide according to a mass ratio, wherein the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide is 100:47, adding water to adjust the nano titanium dioxide to be 12wt%, adding sodium alginate as a viscosity modifier to adjust the viscosity, and alternately adding water and sodium alginate to adjust the viscosity and the nano titanium dioxide to be the ratio.
The viscosity of the finally obtained preparation solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt percent, and the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 3.9wt percent.
Example 1
The self-cleaning concrete is prepared by the following steps:
uniformly mixing 370kg of cement, 670kg of aggregate, 405kg of sand and 350kg of water to obtain a concrete mixture;
The lining board is used for splicing and preparing a die, the surface of the lining board at the inner side of the die is covered and fixed with non-woven fabrics, and nails, rivets and the like can be adopted for fixing;
Coating preparation liquid on the non-woven fabric, wherein the coating density of the preparation liquid is 22.4g/m 2, and pouring the freshly mixed concrete mixture into a mould;
and after the concrete is solidified, spraying water for curing for 28 days to obtain the self-cleaning concrete.
The preparation liquid is prepared in preparation example 1.
Comparative example 1
A concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing 370kg of cement, 670kg of aggregate, 405kg of sand and 350kg of water to obtain a concrete mixture;
The lining board is used for splicing and preparing a die, the surface of the lining board at the inner side of the die is covered and fixed with non-woven fabrics, and nails, rivets and the like can be adopted for fixing;
pouring the freshly mixed concrete mixture into a mould;
and after the concrete is solidified, spraying water for curing for 28 days to obtain the self-cleaning concrete.
Comparative example 2
A concrete was prepared in accordance with example 1, except that the preparation liquid used was prepared in accordance with preparation example 2.
Comparative example 3
A concrete was prepared in accordance with example 1, except that the formulation used was prepared in accordance with preparation example 3.
Comparative example 4
A concrete was prepared in accordance with example 1, except that the formulation used was prepared in accordance with preparation example 4.
Comparative example 5
A concrete was prepared in accordance with example 1, except that the preparation liquid used was prepared in preparation example 5.
Detection of
The concretes of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to a photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment.
The photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment comprises an initial self-cleaning test and a long-acting self-cleaning capability test.
Initial self-cleaning test:
The self-cleaning efficiency of the concrete is evaluated by adopting sample sizes of 200mm by 100mm by 50mm, preparing a test device according to the specification of the photocatalytic air purification material performance test method (GB/T23761-2009), and performing a photocatalytic test by referring to the specification of the photocatalytic nanomaterial photolysis index test method. In order to more accurately test the self-cleaning efficiency of concrete, a stainless steel camera bellows with the specification of 600mm multiplied by 600mm is manufactured by considering the radiation factor of an ultraviolet lamp, the ultraviolet lamp is fixed right above the interior of the camera bellows, a transparent glass material container is placed at a position 200mm away from an ultraviolet light source vertically and used for the photocatalysis reaction of the concrete, and the ultraviolet light source with the model GCH16S15 is adopted in the test, wherein the power is 8W.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
① Injecting 300ml of methylene blue water solution with the concentration of 10mg/L into a transparent glass container, then placing a photocatalysis self-cleaning concrete sample into the container, placing the container into a camera bellows, stirring the container for 30 minutes by a magnetic stirring device, extracting 5ml of solution after the physical adsorption balance of the methylene blue solution is achieved, measuring the absorbance of the solution by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and marking the absorbance as A0;
② Adjusting the height of the container to enable the liquid level of the solution to be 200mm away from the ultraviolet lamp, and turning on the ultraviolet lamp to perform photocatalysis reaction;
③ After 80min of irradiation with the ultraviolet light source, 5ml of an aqueous methylene blue solution was extracted from the vessel, and the absorbance of the solution was measured using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer and designated as A1. Pouring the solution measured for the second time back into the container again after the test is finished, and continuing the photocatalytic reaction;
⑤ After the test of the sample is finished, the light absorbance is converted into solution concentration according to a methylene blue solution standard curve to calculate the photocatalysis self-cleaning efficiency of the concrete, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: d is the self-cleaning efficiency of the concrete photocatalysis; c0 is the initial concentration of the methylene blue aqueous solution; c1 is the concentration of the methylene blue aqueous solution of the photocatalytic reaction after 80 minutes.
Long-lasting self-cleaning ability test:
The method comprises the steps of adopting 200mm and 100mm and 50mm sample sizes, firstly immersing the sample in boiling water completely to boil for 8 hours, then taking out, naturally drying for 3 days, and then testing according to an initial self-cleaning testing method to obtain the concrete photocatalysis self-cleaning efficiency which is D', and marking the concrete photocatalysis self-cleaning efficiency as the long-acting photocatalysis self-cleaning efficiency.
The experimental results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 concrete test results of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4
Comparative example 1 is bare concrete, without any treatment, which served as a blank.
The experimental result of comparative example 2 is similar to that of comparative example 1, and it is verified that the addition of nano silica and sodium hydroxide does not have the effect of directly giving self-cleaning to the concrete by photocatalysis.
The nano titanium dioxide is added in the comparative example 3, the obtained concrete detection structure shows obvious initial self-cleaning performance, and the verification proves that the addition of the nano titanium dioxide can directly endow the concrete surface with photocatalysis self-cleaning performance.
The comparison of comparative examples 3 to 5 shows that the experimental results of comparative examples 3 to 5 are similar, and it is verified that the combination of nano titanium dioxide and single nano silicon dioxide, or the combination of nano titanium dioxide and single sodium hydroxide, cannot produce a remarkable gain effect on the photocatalytic self-cleaning performance of the nano titanium dioxide on the concrete surface.
As can be seen from comparative example 1 and comparative examples 3 to 5, the initial self-cleaning test result of example 1 is significantly better than that of comparative examples 3 to 5, and the long-term self-cleaning capability test of example 1 is also significantly better than that of comparative examples 3 to 5, it is verified that the photocatalytic self-cleaning performance and the long-term photocatalytic self-cleaning performance of the self-cleaning concrete can be significantly improved when the three components of nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide and sodium hydroxide are simultaneously present in the preparation solution, and the reason is that: when the three components are compounded and used, the nano silicon dioxide surface in the preparation liquid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium silicate colloid on the surface, the nano silicon dioxide with the sodium silicate colloid contacts and bonds the nano titanium dioxide on one hand, and on the other hand, the nano silicon dioxide continuously reacts with calcium ions and the like in the mixing process to be stably solidified in the concrete, so that the nano titanium dioxide is more stably and effectively attached, and the photocatalysis self-cleaning performance and the long-acting photocatalysis self-cleaning performance of the self-cleaning concrete are further improved.
Preparation example 6
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 2.3wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 1.1wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 0.3wt%.
Preparation example 7
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 4.0wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 1.8wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 0.48wt%.
Preparation example 8
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 10.0wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 4.7wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.2wt%.
Preparation example 9
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 12.0wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 5.6wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.4wt%.
Comparative example 6
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that the preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 6.
Example 2
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that the preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 7.
Example 3
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 8.
Comparative example 7
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 9.
Detection of
The concretes of examples 2 to 3 and comparative examples 6 to 7 were subjected to a photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment.
The photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment comprises an initial self-cleaning test and a long-acting self-cleaning capability test.
The experimental results are shown in the following table.
Table II, concrete test results of examples 2 to 3 and comparative examples 6 to 7
| Initial self-cleaning D/% | Long-acting self-cleaning D'/% | |
| Comparative example 6 | 46.7 | 39.4 |
| Example 2 | 49.5 | 41.9 |
| Example 3 | 53.1 | 43.7 |
| Comparative example 7 | 53.2 | 43.7 |
As can be seen from the combination of the examples 1 and 2 in the table one, the different usage ratios of nano titanium dioxide in the preparation liquid have an influence on the initial self-cleaning performance and the long-acting self-cleaning performance of the self-cleaning concrete, such as the usage ratio of nano titanium dioxide increases in the examples 6, 2 and 1, the initial self-cleaning performance and the long-acting self-cleaning performance of the self-cleaning concrete are improved, but the adsorption benefit of the concrete on the nano titanium dioxide in the preparation liquid has a threshold value, the obvious increase of the usage ratio of nano titanium dioxide in the examples 1,3 and 7 has a weakening effect of improving the gain effects of the initial self-cleaning performance and the long-acting self-cleaning performance, and the usage ratio of nano titanium dioxide in the preparation liquid is preferably 4-10 wt% in the application.
Preparation example 10
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the dosage mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100:45:10.
The viscosity of the finally obtained preparation solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 3.69wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 0.82wt%.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 11
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the dosage and mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100:51:14.
The viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 4.18wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.15wt%.
Preparation example 12
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the dosage and mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100:51:10.
The viscosity of the prepared solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 4.18wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 0.82wt%.
Preparation example 13
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the dosage mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100:45:14.
The viscosity of the finally obtained preparation solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 3.69wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.15wt%.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 14
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the dosage and mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100:51:8.
The viscosity of the finally obtained preparation solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 3.69wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 0.66wt%.
Preparation example 15
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the dosage mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100:45:20.
The viscosity of the finally obtained preparation solution is 1.56 Pa.s, the nano titanium dioxide accounts for 8.2wt%, the nano silicon dioxide accounts for 3.69wt% and the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.64wt%.
Example 4
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 10.
Example 5
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 11.
Example 6
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 12.
Example 7
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 13.
Comparative example 8
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 14.
Comparative example 9
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 15.
Detection of
The concretes of examples 4 to 7 and comparative examples 8 to 9 were subjected to a photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment.
The photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment comprises an initial self-cleaning test and a long-acting self-cleaning capability test.
The experimental results are shown in the following table.
TABLE III concrete test results for examples 4-7, comparative examples 8-9
| Initial self-cleaning D/% | Long-acting self-cleaning D'/% | |
| Example 4 | 48.4 | 39.3 |
| Example 5 | 50.4 | 41.4 |
| Example 6 | 49.2 | 40.1 |
| Example 7 | 49 | 39.7 |
| Comparative example 8 | 45.3 | 27.3 |
| Comparative example 9 | 42.6 | 26.7 |
In combination with Table III, it is known that the amounts of nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide and sodium hydroxide and the amounts of the amounts have a significant effect on the self-cleaning performance of concrete in the application, especially on the long-acting self-cleaning performance, wherein examples 4 to 7 are significantly better than comparative examples 8 to 9, so the mass ratio of nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide and sodium hydroxide in the application is 100 (45 to 51): (10-14) preferably.
Example 8
A self-cleaning concrete is distinguished from example 1 in that the setting liquor coating density is 12g/m 2.
Example 9
A self-cleaning concrete is distinguished from example 1 in that the setting liquid coating density is 18g/m 2.
Example 10
A self-cleaning concrete is distinguished from example 1 in that the setting liquor coating density is 25g/m 2.
Example 11
A self-cleaning concrete is distinguished from example 1 in that the setting liquid application density is 32g/m 2.
Detection of
The concretes of examples 8 to 11 were subjected to a photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment.
The photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment comprises an initial self-cleaning test and a long-acting self-cleaning capability test.
The experimental results are shown in the following table.
Table IV. Concrete test results of examples 8 to 11
| Initial self-cleaning D/% | Long-acting self-cleaning D'/% | |
| Example 8 | 48.9 | 40.2 |
| Example 9 | 51.8 | 42.5 |
| Example 10 | 53.2 | 43.8 |
| Example 11 | 53.4 | 43.8 |
The concrete has a threshold value for the combination of the nano titanium dioxide and the nano silicon dioxide in the preparation liquid, and is influenced by the distribution density of the nano titanium dioxide and the nano silicon dioxide in the preparation liquid, and the larger the coating amount is, the larger the distribution density of the nano titanium dioxide and the nano silicon dioxide is on the unit coating area.
As can be seen from the table, when the coating density is lower than 25g/m 2, the larger the coating amount is, the better the self-cleaning performance and the long-acting self-cleaning performance of the self-cleaning concrete are; as the synergistic effect is weaker as the amount approaches to 25g/m 2, the coating amount of the preparation liquid on the non-woven fabric is preferably 18-25 g/m 2.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 16
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 80nm.
Preparation example 17
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 100nm.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 18
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 150nm.
Preparation example 19
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 200nm.
Preparation example 20
A preparation liquid is different from preparation example 1 in that: the viscosity modifier used in the preparation solution is polyethylene glycol 600.
Example 12
A self-cleaning concrete was different from example 1 in that the preparation liquid was prepared from preparation example 16.
Example 13
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 17.
Example 14
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that the preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 18.
Example 15
A self-cleaning concrete was different from example 1 in that the preparation liquid was prepared from preparation example 19.
Example 16
A self-cleaning concrete is distinguished from example 1 in that the curing is carried out by spraying an aluminum sulfate solution of 0.005mol/L during curing of the concrete, the spraying frequency being 10 g.L -1·d-1.
Example 17
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that the concrete is cured and the surface is burned with flame at 800 ℃ after curing, the burning time being 4s.
Example 18
A self-cleaning concrete is different from example 1 in that a preparation liquid is prepared from preparation example 20.
Detection of
The concretes of examples 12 to 17 were subjected to a photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment.
The photocatalytic self-cleaning experiment comprises an initial self-cleaning test and a long-acting self-cleaning capability test.
The experimental results are shown in the following table.
TABLE V concrete test results of examples 12-17
| Initial self-cleaning D/% | Long-acting self-cleaning D'/% | |
| Example 12 | 46.1 | 35.1 |
| Example 13 | 51.2 | 42.1 |
| Example 14 | 50.3 | 41.9 |
| Example 15 | 45.3 | 32.1 |
| Example 16 | 52.6 | 46.1 |
| Example 17 | 54.2 | 44.8 |
| Example 18 | 50.8 | 42.8 |
In combination with the table one and the table five, the nano silicon dioxide is used as a carrier for bonding the nano titanium dioxide and a carrier for connecting the concrete in hydration reaction, the particle size ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the nano titanium dioxide has influence on the self-cleaning performance of the concrete, when the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is larger than that of the nano titanium dioxide, the nano silicon dioxide is more bonded with the nano silicon dioxide, the exposed surface is easier to participate in the hydration reaction of the concrete, the adhesion effect on the nano titanium dioxide is better, and the comparison example 1 and the examples 12 to 15 can be realized, wherein the particle size ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide is 1 (4 to 10), and the following steps: (5-7.5) preferably.
By combining the embodiment 1 with the embodiment 16, the embodiment 16 has better long-acting self-cleaning performance, and the verification proves that the spraying of the aluminum sulfate solution can neutralize the residual alkali materials in the concrete, lighten the alkali aggregate reaction of the concrete, ensure better curing effect of the concrete and higher concrete final strength, and on the other hand, the hole sealing is carried out on the holes on the surface of the concrete by the reaction with the alkaline substances, thereby reducing the pollutant permeation and the loss of the loaded nano titanium dioxide along with rain wash.
By combining the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 17, the self-cleaning performance and the long-acting self-cleaning performance of the embodiment 17 are better, and the verification proves that the application burns the concrete surface, can remove non-woven fabrics or other greasy dirt substance residues, improves the activity of nano titanium dioxide, and on the other hand, ensures that the nano silicon dioxide with lower original load strength on the concrete surface and other minerals are locally eutectic, strengthens the load strength and indirectly improves the adhesion strength of the nano titanium dioxide.
Comparative example 18 and comparative examples 3 to 5, the self-cleaning performance and the long-acting self-cleaning performance of example 18 are remarkably improved, and comparative example 1 and example 18 show that the self-cleaning performance and the long-acting self-cleaning performance of example 1 are better than those of example 18, so that the viscosity regulator of the preparation liquid used in the application can use polyethylene glycol 600 in addition to sodium alginate, wherein sodium alginate is better.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of self-cleaning concrete is characterized in that:
coating a lining plate of the die with a preparation liquid;
Pouring the stirred concrete into a die, and obtaining self-cleaning concrete after the concrete is solidified; the raw materials of the preparation liquid comprise water, nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide, sodium hydroxide and a viscosity regulator, wherein the mass ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide to the sodium hydroxide is 100 (45-51): (10-14), wherein the nano titanium dioxide content in the preparation liquid is 4-10wt%.
2. The method for preparing self-cleaning concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the die lining plate is fixed with non-woven fabrics, and the configuration liquid is coated on the non-woven fabrics.
3. The method for preparing self-cleaning concrete according to claim 1, wherein:
The coating amount of the preparation liquid on the non-woven fabric is 18-25 g/m 2.
4. The method for preparing self-cleaning concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size ratio of the nano titanium dioxide to the nano silicon dioxide is 1 (5-7.5).
5. The method for preparing self-cleaning concrete according to claim 1, wherein: and curing the concrete by spraying an aluminum sulfate solution after curing.
6. The method for preparing self-cleaning concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the viscosity regulator is sodium alginate.
7. The method for preparing self-cleaning concrete according to claim 1, wherein: and (5) burning the surface by flame after the concrete is cured and maintained.
8. The self-cleaning concrete is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the self-cleaning concrete according to any one of claims 1-7.
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