CN118122979A - Method and device for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, storage medium and continuous casting machine - Google Patents
Method and device for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, storage medium and continuous casting machine Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 212
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910001349 ledeburite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, a storage medium and a continuous casting machine, relates to the technical field of casting, and mainly aims to solve the problem of high defective rate of ledeburite steel continuous casting production. The method mainly comprises the steps of determining a cooling rate condition matched with steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine, wherein the cooling rate condition is determined based on the (Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide size of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test; obtaining crystallizer simulation data of a crystallizer meeting the cooling rate condition and secondary cooling area simulation data of a secondary cooling area from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of a continuous casting machine; calculating according to the simulation data of the crystallizer to obtain a control parameter of the crystallizer, and calculating according to the simulation data of the secondary cooling zone to obtain a control parameter of the secondary cooling zone; and sending the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters to a control end of the continuous casting machine so that the continuous casting machine performs continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters. And determining the continuous casting parameters of the ledeburite steel of the main user.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a method and a device for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, a storage medium and a continuous casting machine.
Background
Continuous casting is continuous casting, and the concrete process includes the steps of continuously passing molten steel through a water-cooled crystallizer, solidifying into crust, continuously drawing out from the outlet below the crystallizer, spraying water, cooling, solidifying completely and cutting into blanks. Compared with the traditional die casting process, the continuous casting process has better metal yield and casting blank quality, and has remarkable advantages in the aspect of saving energy. The ledeburite steel is used as a high-carbon high-chromium steel suitable for continuous casting technology, is widely applied to cold working dies, and is suitable for manufacturing various dies with complex shapes and heavy working conditions.
At present, the existing continuous casting parameter determining process of the ledeburite steel mainly depends on operators to carry out parameter configuration on a continuous casting machine according to experience, but because the carbon content of the ledeburite steel is higher, the liquidus temperature is more than 100 ℃ lower than that of common low-carbon steel, the casting powder is difficult to melt, the thermal shrinkage coefficient is lower, the shrinkage of a solidified blank shell is small, the casting powder is easy to occur in the production process and is difficult to flow into a channel between a casting blank and a crystallizer, the consumption of the casting powder is reduced, the friction force is increased, the surface of the produced continuous casting blank is easy to generate a dent, and further the quality problems of longitudinal crack, steel leakage and the like are induced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method and a device for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, a storage medium and a continuous casting machine, and mainly aims to solve the problem of higher defective rate of the existing ledeburite steel continuous casting production.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, comprising:
Determining a cooling rate condition matched with steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine, wherein the cooling rate condition is determined based on a target carbide size of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test;
Obtaining crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine;
calculating according to the crystallizer simulation data to obtain crystallizer control parameters, and calculating according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data to obtain secondary cooling zone control parameters;
And sending the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters to a control end of the continuous casting machine so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters.
Further, the crystallizer simulation data includes a degree of superheat of the crystallizer, a pull rate of the dummy bar, and a lunar surface heat flux density, and the crystallizer control parameters are calculated according to the crystallizer simulation data, including:
acquiring the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature and the related dimensionless parameters of the continuous casting machine;
Calculating to obtain the water distribution of the crystallizer according to the lunar meniscus heat flux density, the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature, the united dimensionless parameters and the heat flux density-water volume conversion relation;
And generating crystallizer control parameters according to the water distribution amount of the crystallizer, the superheat degree of the crystallizer and the pull speed of the dummy bar.
Further, the second cooling area simulation data includes a node surface heat flux density of each section of cooling area in the secondary cooling area, and the second cooling area control parameter is calculated according to the second cooling area simulation data, including:
Aiming at each section of cooling area, calculating to obtain water flow density according to the node surface heat flow density, the cooling water temperature and the associated dimensionless parameters;
and generating a secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the water flow density of each cooling zone.
Further, before the crystallizer simulation data and the secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition are obtained from the simulation result of the continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine, the method further comprises:
According to the casting blank size parameters of the continuous casting machine, a latticed casting blank structure model is constructed by taking a meniscus position in a crystallizer as a body center plane;
and performing casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling simulation on the grid casting blank structure model according to preset thermal coupling parameters to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine.
Further, the performing a casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling simulation on the gridding casting blank structure model according to a preset thermal coupling parameter to a simulation result of a continuous casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine, including:
The thermo-mechanical coupling state of the structure above the body center plane of the meshed casting blank structure model is configured to be an initial state;
Configuring superheat boundary conditions, superheat variation amplitude, dummy bar pull speed boundary conditions and dummy bar pull speed variation amplitude of a structure below a body center plane of the grid casting blank structure model according to the thermodynamic coupling parameters;
And performing simulation operation on the semi-casting blank structure model with the thermal coupling parameter configuration to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling model.
Further, according to the casting blank size parameter of the continuous casting machine, the step of constructing a gridding casting blank structure model by taking the meniscus position in the crystallizer as a body center plane comprises the following steps:
Obtaining the structural symmetry direction of the casting blank of the continuous casting machine;
According to the dimensional parameters in the symmetrical direction of the structure, a semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model is constructed by taking the meniscus position in the crystallizer as a body center plane;
and carrying out non-uniform grid division treatment on the semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model to obtain a grid casting blank structure model.
Further, before the determining the cooling rate condition matching the steel to be cast of the continuous casting machine, the method further includes:
acquiring in-situ observation results of high-temperature confocal collected in the thermoplastic testing process of samples of different cast steels;
Extracting the surface cooling rate of the (Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide with the size smaller than 10 mu m from the high-temperature confocal in-situ observation result;
and configuring cooling rate conditions of the cast steel according to the surface cooling rate, and constructing a mapping relation between material parameters of the cast steel and the cooling rate conditions.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a continuous casting parameter determining apparatus for ledeburite steel, comprising:
A determining module for determining a cooling rate condition matched with a steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine, wherein the cooling rate condition is determined based on a target carbide size of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test;
The acquisition module is used for acquiring crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine;
The calculation module is used for calculating to obtain a crystallizer control parameter according to the crystallizer simulation data and calculating to obtain a secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data;
And the sending module is used for sending the crystallizer control parameter and the secondary cooling zone control parameter to the control end of the continuous casting machine so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameter and the secondary cooling zone control parameter.
Further, the computing module includes:
The first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature and the related dimensionless parameters of the continuous casting machine;
the first calculation unit is used for calculating to obtain the water distribution of the crystallizer according to the lunar meniscus heat flux density, the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature, the united dimensionless parameter and the heat flux density-water volume conversion relation;
The first generation unit is used for generating crystallizer control parameters according to the water distribution amount of the crystallizer, the superheat degree of the crystallizer and the pull speed of the dummy bar.
Further, the computing module further includes:
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the water flow density according to the node surface heat flow density, the cooling water temperature and the associated dimensionless parameters for each section of cooling area;
and the second generation unit is used for generating a secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the water flow density of each section of cooling zone.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
the construction module is used for constructing a meshed casting blank structure model by taking a meniscus position in a crystallizer as a body center plane according to casting blank size parameters of the continuous casting machine;
And the simulation module is used for performing casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling simulation on the grid casting blank structure model according to preset thermal coupling parameters to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine.
Further, the simulation module includes:
The first configuration unit is used for configuring a thermo-force coupling state of the structure above the body center plane of the meshed casting blank structure model into an initial state;
the second configuration unit is used for configuring superheat boundary conditions, superheat variation amplitude, dummy bar pull speed boundary conditions and dummy bar pull speed variation amplitude of the structure below the body center plane of the grid-type casting blank structure model according to the thermal coupling parameters;
And the simulation unit is used for performing simulation operation on the semi-casting blank structural model with the thermal coupling parameter configuration to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling model.
Further, the building module includes:
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the structural symmetry direction of the casting blank of the continuous casting machine;
The framework unit is used for constructing a semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model by taking the meniscus position in the crystallizer as a body center plane according to the dimensional parameters in the symmetrical direction of the structure;
And the grid dividing unit is used for carrying out non-uniform grid dividing treatment on the semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model to obtain a grid casting blank structure model.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
The acquisition module is also used for acquiring in-situ observation results of the acquired high-temperature confocal during the thermoplastic testing process of the samples of different cast steels;
An extraction module for extracting the surface cooling rate of the (Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide with the size smaller than 10 mu m from the high-temperature confocal in-situ observation result;
and the configuration module is used for configuring the cooling rate condition of the cast steel according to the surface cooling rate and constructing the mapping relation between the material parameters of the cast steel and the cooling rate condition.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium having stored therein at least one executable instruction for causing a processor to perform operations corresponding to the above-described method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburitic steel.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a continuous casting machine produced based on the parameters determined by the method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
By means of the technical scheme, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages:
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, a storage medium and a continuous casting machine, wherein the cooling rate condition matched with steel to be cast of the continuous casting machine is determined, and the cooling rate condition is determined based on the size of target carbide of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test; obtaining crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine; calculating according to the crystallizer simulation data to obtain crystallizer control parameters, and calculating according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data to obtain secondary cooling zone control parameters; the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling area control parameters are sent to the control end of the continuous casting machine, so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling area control parameters, the accuracy of cooling area water quantity control is greatly improved, uncertainty of equipment regulation and control based on manual experience is avoided, meanwhile, the accuracy of continuous casting machine water quantity control is ensured, the possibility of occurrence of cooling quality temperature is reduced, and the defective rate of continuous casting products can be effectively reduced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows a schematic continuous casting flow of a continuous casting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of another method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a solidification process of a continuous casting billet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a continuous casting blank mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a block diagram of a continuous casting parameter determining apparatus for ledeburite steel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The method aims at the problem that the defective rate of the existing ledeburite steel continuous casting production is high. The embodiment of the invention provides a method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, which comprises the following steps of:
101. a cooling rate condition is determined that matches the steel to be cast of the caster.
In the embodiment of the invention, the continuous casting machine is continuous casting execution equipment for determining the continuous casting parameters of the ledeburite steel. For example, a continuous casting machine as shown in fig. 2 mainly comprises a continuous casting machine which mainly comprises a tundish, a crystallizer, a secondary cooling channel, a dummy bar, a withdrawal and straightening machine and other structures. In the continuous casting production process, molten steel of steel to be cast in the tundish enters a crystallizer through a water gap, the molten steel is rapidly solidified in the crystallizer under the action of strong cooling to form a blank shell, then the blank shell is pulled out by a dummy bar at a certain speed, the blank shell is continuously cooled in a subsequent secondary cooling zone and an air cooling zone, the molten steel is completely solidified at the solidification end point position, and the conversion from the molten steel to a casting blank is completed at the tail end of a casting machine. In the continuous casting process, the cooling process of the continuous casting billet is a process that carbide is precipitated at an austenite grain boundary and coarsens along with the cooling of the continuous casting billet, and is also a process that high-hardness compounds causing casting billet cracks are precipitated, so that the cooling rate is a key factor affecting the output quality. The steel to be cast is any existing ledeburite steel, such as Cr12 die steel, cr12MoV alloy tool steel, cr12W abrasion-resistant cold-work die steel and the like. The ledeburite steels of different material parameters have different cooling rate (cooling rate) conditions, and therefore it is necessary to determine the cooling rate conditions matching the current steel to be cast.
The cooling rate conditions were determined based on the (Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide size of the steel to be cast in the thermoplastic test. Because the size and distribution of (Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide are key for improving the quality of casting blanks in the continuous casting process, a thermoplastic experiment is performed on cast steel in advance, so that the optimal cooling rate conditions of the surfaces of different cast steel are determined through the experiment, and further, the cooling rate conditions are used as cooling control targets of a continuous casting machine crystallizer and a secondary cooling area, and the continuous casting production parameters are reversely pushed.
102. And obtaining crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling area simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the cooling rate condition is determined, in order to determine accurate continuous casting parameters, a three-dimensional model is constructed in advance according to the equipment parameters of the current continuous casting machine, and thermodynamic coupling simulation of the continuous casting process is carried out on steel to be cast, so that simulation data under different cooling rates are obtained, and further the crystallizer simulation data and the secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition are screened out from simulation results. The model construction can be based on finite element software MSC.MARC as a simulation platform for three-dimensional modeling, and can also be based on other finite element software, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited. By constructing a three-dimensional model of the continuous casting machine and simulating the continuous casting process, the continuous casting machine can be prevented from being debugged on site, the data accuracy of the continuous casting process is ensured, the data determining efficiency is greatly improved, and the equipment debugging cost is reduced.
103. And calculating according to the crystallizer simulation data to obtain crystallizer control parameters, and calculating according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data to obtain secondary cooling zone control parameters.
In the embodiment of the invention, the simulation data comprise equipment operation data and steel performance data of a continuous casting process, such as the degree of superheat of a crystallizer, the pulling speed of a dummy bar, the heat flux density of steel, and the like. Since some of these data are the operating control parameters of the plant, such as the pull rate of the dummy bar, and some are the resulting data, such as the heat flux density of the steel, for which it is necessary to extrapolate the control parameters of the plant back to the result. For example, the water distribution amount of cooling water of the crystallizer is a main factor affecting the heat flux density of the meniscus of the crystallizer, a relation formula between the water distribution amount and the heat flux density of the meniscus can be deduced according to historical production data, and the water distribution amount is calculated based on the relation formula and the heat flux density of the meniscus in simulation data. For another example, the water flow density of each cooling section can be calculated according to the relation formula of the heat flow density and the water flow density of each cooling section in the secondary cooling area.
104. And sending the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters to a control end of the continuous casting machine so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters are determined, the parameters are sent to the control end of the continuous casting machine, so that the control end of the continuous casting machine configures the corresponding parameters to the corresponding cooling execution end, and continuous casting production is executed according to the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters in the process of continuous casting production of steel to be cast. The control end may be an industrial personal computer, or may be control devices corresponding to different execution ends, such as a programmable controller, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
It is to be noted that, by performing thermoplastic test on the steel to be cast, an optimal cooling speed condition is determined according to key factors ((Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide size) affecting the quality of the continuous casting billet, production data under the cooling speed condition is simulated based on a three-dimensional model of the continuous casting machine, and further control parameters of the continuous casting machine are reversely deduced according to the production data, reliability of control parameter configuration basis is improved, accuracy of the control parameters is greatly increased, and meanwhile, debugging time of the continuous casting machine is greatly shortened, thereby ensuring production quality of ledeburite steel continuous casting and reducing defective rate.
In another embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, as shown in fig. 3, step 103 of calculating the crystallizer control parameters according to the crystallizer simulation data includes:
201. and obtaining the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature and the associated dimensionless parameters of the continuous casting machine.
202. And calculating the water distribution amount of the crystallizer according to the lunar meniscus heat flux density, the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature, the united dimensionless parameter and the heat flux density-water amount conversion relation.
203. And generating crystallizer control parameters according to the water distribution amount of the crystallizer, the superheat degree of the crystallizer and the pull speed of the dummy bar.
In the embodiment of the invention, the simulation data of the crystallizer comprise the degree of superheat of the crystallizer, the pull speed of the dummy bar and the lunar surface heat flow density. The simulation parameters can be extracted from simulation results of the continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model. Setting the pull speed of a dummy bar, the lunar surface heat flux density as W, the ambient temperature as T 0, the cooling water temperature as T w, the water distribution amount of a crystallizer as L, and the conversion relation formula of the water distribution amount of the crystallizer and the lunar surface heat flux density as follows:
Wherein C m is a dimensionless constant related to equipment parameters of the continuous casting machine, and is generally [4,5], such as 4.183; the temperature difference value of T w-T0 can be calculated according to the ambient temperature and the cooling water temperature acquired by an on-site temperature sensor, or can be obtained according to experience, wherein the ambient temperature is at the temperature range of 5.5-8 ℃, such as 6 ℃; s is the contact surface area of the crystallizer and water distribution, and can be calculated according to equipment parameters of the continuous casting machine. The water distribution of the crystallizer can be calculated according to the formula (1). According to the conversion relation between the water distribution amount of the crystallizer and the lunar surface heat flux density, the water distribution amount of the crystallizer is reversely deduced according to the lunar surface heat flux density obtained through simulation, so that the cooling water distribution amount of the crystallizer can be accurately calculated, further, the cooling temperature and the cooling rate of a crystallizer section are accurately controlled, the possibility that quality problems occur in the cooling stage of the crystallizer of a continuous casting blank is greatly reduced, and the defective rate of the continuous casting blank is greatly reduced.
In another embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, the step of calculating the second cold zone control parameters according to the second cold zone simulation data includes:
Aiming at each section of cooling area, calculating to obtain water flow density according to the node surface heat flow density, the cooling water temperature and the associated dimensionless parameters;
and generating a secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the water flow density of each cooling zone.
In the embodiment of the invention, the simulation data of the secondary cooling area comprises the node surface heat flux density of each section of cooling area in the secondary cooling area, namely the secondary cooling area generally comprises 8-10 sections of cooling areas, and the node surface heat flux density of any section of cooling area can be extracted from the simulation result. Setting the heat flux density of the node surface of any section of cooling area in the secondary cooling area as W i, and calculating the water flux density rho of the cooling area as follows:
through the formula, the water flow density of any section of cooling area in the secondary cooling area can be calculated, so that the cooling rate of the secondary cooling area can be accurately controlled, the possibility of quality problems of continuous casting blanks in the secondary cooling stage is greatly reduced, and the defective rate of the continuous casting blanks is greatly reduced.
In another embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, before the step of obtaining the crystallizer simulation data and the secondary cooling zone simulation data satisfying the cooling rate condition from the simulation result of the continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine, the method further includes:
According to the casting blank size parameters of the continuous casting machine, a latticed casting blank structure model is constructed by taking a meniscus position in a crystallizer as a body center plane;
and performing casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling simulation on the grid casting blank structure model according to preset thermal coupling parameters to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine.
In the embodiment of the invention, a continuous casting full-flow heat/force coupling model is established by adopting finite element software MSC.Marc. The model is constructed under the condition of considering the temperature load and the ferrostatic pressure in the continuous casting process. As shown in fig. 4, the X-axis direction is the thickness direction of the cast slab, the Z-axis direction is the width direction of the cast slab, the Y-axis negative direction is the slab drawing direction, the unit layer in the XOZ plane is the meniscus position in the crystallizer, and the YOZ plane represents the symmetry plane in the width direction. In order to improve simulation precision, a tetrahedral mesh division technology is adopted to divide the continuous casting billet into tetrahedral meshes, the unit side length can be 15mm, and the unit side length can be customized according to actual application requirements. Because the calculation error is increased when the middle part is dense and the two sides are sparse, the grid configuration close to the edge part is finer when the grids are divided, and the grid configuration of the middle part is relatively sparse, so that the change condition of the variables is more accurately described by utilizing the denser grids, and the calculation precision is effectively improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, the step of performing a casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling simulation on the gridding casting blank structure model according to a preset thermal coupling parameter to a simulation result of a continuous casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine includes:
The thermo-mechanical coupling state of the structure above the body center plane of the meshed casting blank structure model is configured to be an initial state;
Configuring superheat boundary conditions, superheat variation amplitude, dummy bar pull speed boundary conditions and dummy bar pull speed variation amplitude of a structure below a body center plane of the grid casting blank structure model according to the thermodynamic coupling parameters;
And performing simulation operation on the semi-casting blank structure model with the thermal coupling parameter configuration to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling model.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to prevent the continuous casting billet units which are already in the crystallizer from influencing the temperature and structural deformation of the continuous casting billet units which are not in the crystallizer in the cooling deformation process, the continuous casting billet units in the continuous casting billet above the meniscus are kept in an initial state by a MARC secondary development technology, and a thermo-mechanical coupling process only occurs when the units are below the meniscus. Namely, the overheat boundary condition, overheat variation amplitude, dummy bar pull speed boundary condition and dummy bar pull speed variation amplitude are only configured for the continuous casting billet structure below the meniscus. The boundary condition of the superheat degree can be that the lower boundary is 20 ℃, the upper boundary is 30 ℃, and the variation amplitude of the superheat degree is that the temperature difference is 2 ℃. The pull speed boundary condition may be 1.1m/min at the upper boundary, 0.6m/min at the lower boundary, and the pull speed variation amplitude is 0.1m/min, which may, of course, also be configured by user-defining the superheat boundary condition, the superheat variation amplitude, the dummy bar pull speed boundary condition and the dummy bar pull speed variation amplitude according to practical application requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited specifically. In the simulation process, the pulling speed and the superheat degree are matched, combined and adjusted, so that the surface temperature, the average cooling rate and the heat flux density of a plurality of groups of continuous casting billets can be obtained. In the process, neglecting the influence of the vibration of the crystallizer on heat transfer; the influence of the molten steel flow in the crystallizer on the coupling process is not considered.
In another embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, the step of constructing a gridding casting blank structure model by taking a meniscus position in a crystallizer as a body center plane according to a casting blank size parameter of the continuous casting machine includes:
Obtaining the structural symmetry direction of the casting blank of the continuous casting machine;
According to the dimensional parameters in the symmetrical direction of the structure, a semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model is constructed by taking the meniscus position in the crystallizer as a body center plane;
and carrying out non-uniform grid division treatment on the semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model to obtain a grid casting blank structure model.
In the embodiment of the invention, in general, the structural symmetry direction of the casting blank of the continuous casting machine is the width direction, i.e. the casting blank has symmetry along the width direction. If a complete continuous casting blank is modeled, the calculation cost is high, and half of the width direction of the casting blank is selected for modeling due to the existence of symmetry, so that the calculation cost is saved. Because the casting blank model is limited in length, biting action exists at the blank head, and the like, the head and tail positions of the casting blank can not reflect the real deformation condition of the casting blank when the head and tail positions are contacted with the casting roller. Therefore, the intermediate surface is provided in the intermediate position in the casting drawing direction of the cast slab in the mold. In a continuous casting blank mold shown in fig. 5, the dimensions of a continuous casting blank are 200mm×100mm×3000mm (width direction×thickness direction×blank drawing direction), the length of a casting blank in the mold is 3000mm, the intermediate surface is far enough from the head and tail positions of the casting blank, the biting effect has less influence on the positions, and the actual deformation condition of the casting blank can be better reflected at the positions of the intermediate surface.
In another embodiment of the present invention, for further explanation and limitation, before the step of determining the cooling rate condition matching the steel to be cast of the continuous casting machine, the method further comprises:
acquiring in-situ observation results of high-temperature confocal collected in the thermoplastic testing process of samples of different cast steels;
Extracting the surface cooling rate of the (Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide with the size smaller than 10 mu m from the high-temperature confocal in-situ observation result;
and configuring cooling rate conditions of the cast steel according to the surface cooling rate, and constructing a mapping relation between material parameters of the cast steel and the cooling rate conditions.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to determine the accurate cooling rate condition, different cast steels expected to be subjected to continuous casting production are taken and manufactured into thermoplastic test samples. The specific process of the thermoplastic test of any continuous casting steel comprises the following steps: sampling is carried out at 1/4 of the position from the bottom surface of the casting blank, and a central area with serious center segregation and shrinkage cavity is avoided. The sample was wire cut into small cylinders (e.g., 4mm diameter by 1.5mm high). The surface of the small cylinder is ground and polished conventionally to keep the surface to be measured smooth. The polished sample was placed in an alumina crucible and placed in a pt sample holder with an R-type thermocouple. After the gas in the furnace chamber is pumped by a vacuum pump, the surface oxidation of the sample is avoided, and argon is continuously blown into the furnace chamber. The laser beam was heated at a rate of 15khz at the upper surface of the sample. All samples were heated to 200℃at a rate of 0.8℃per second, then heated to 1450℃at a rate of 5℃per second, and incubated for 5min to allow them to melt sufficiently. The samples were then cooled to 700 ℃ at cooling rates of 0.2 ℃/s, 3 ℃/s, 5 ℃/s, 7 ℃/s, respectively, followed by quenching of the samples. In this process, the high temperature confocal apparatus performs in-situ observation and metallographic structure observation on the solidification of the ledeburitic steel, determines the cooling rate when the size of (Cr, fe) 7C3 is smaller than 10 μm, and determines the cooling rate condition based on this cooling rate, for example, determines the range of sub-cooling rate±0.1 ℃ as the cooling rate condition. In order to quickly match the corresponding cooling rate conditions of different subsequent cast steel products, a mapping relation between the different cast steel products and the cooling rate conditions obtained through testing is constructed, so that the corresponding cooling rate conditions are determined according to the current steel products to be cast before the continuous casting machine is actually produced.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel, which comprises the steps of determining a cooling rate condition matched with steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine, wherein the cooling rate condition is determined based on the size of target carbide of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test; obtaining crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine; calculating according to the crystallizer simulation data to obtain crystallizer control parameters, and calculating according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data to obtain secondary cooling zone control parameters; the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling area control parameters are sent to the control end of the continuous casting machine, so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling area control parameters, the accuracy of cooling area water quantity control is greatly improved, uncertainty of equipment regulation and control based on manual experience is avoided, meanwhile, the accuracy of continuous casting machine water quantity control is ensured, the possibility of occurrence of cooling quality temperature is reduced, and the defective rate of continuous casting products can be effectively reduced.
Further, as an implementation of the method shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining parameters of continuous casting of ledeburite steel, as shown in fig. 6, where the device includes:
A determining module 31 for determining a cooling rate condition matching a steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine, the cooling rate condition being determined based on a target carbide size of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test;
An obtaining module 32, configured to obtain crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling zone simulation data that satisfy the cooling rate condition from a simulation result of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine;
The calculating module 33 is configured to calculate a crystallizer control parameter according to the crystallizer simulation data, and calculate a secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data;
And the sending module 34 is used for sending the crystallizer control parameter and the secondary cooling zone control parameter to a control end of the continuous casting machine so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameter and the secondary cooling zone control parameter.
Further, the computing module includes:
The first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature and the related dimensionless parameters of the continuous casting machine;
the first calculation unit is used for calculating to obtain the water distribution of the crystallizer according to the lunar meniscus heat flux density, the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature, the united dimensionless parameter and the heat flux density-water volume conversion relation;
The first generation unit is used for generating crystallizer control parameters according to the water distribution amount of the crystallizer, the superheat degree of the crystallizer and the pull speed of the dummy bar.
Further, the computing module further includes:
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the water flow density according to the node surface heat flow density, the cooling water temperature and the associated dimensionless parameters for each section of cooling area;
and the second generation unit is used for generating a secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the water flow density of each section of cooling zone.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
the construction module is used for constructing a meshed casting blank structure model by taking a meniscus position in a crystallizer as a body center plane according to casting blank size parameters of the continuous casting machine;
And the simulation module is used for performing casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling simulation on the grid casting blank structure model according to preset thermal coupling parameters to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine.
Further, the simulation module includes:
The first configuration unit is used for configuring a thermo-force coupling state of the structure above the body center plane of the meshed casting blank structure model into an initial state;
the second configuration unit is used for configuring superheat boundary conditions, superheat variation amplitude, dummy bar pull speed boundary conditions and dummy bar pull speed variation amplitude of the structure below the body center plane of the grid-type casting blank structure model according to the thermal coupling parameters;
And the simulation unit is used for performing simulation operation on the semi-casting blank structural model with the thermal coupling parameter configuration to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling model.
Further, the building module includes:
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the structural symmetry direction of the casting blank of the continuous casting machine;
The framework unit is used for constructing a semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model by taking the meniscus position in the crystallizer as a body center plane according to the dimensional parameters in the symmetrical direction of the structure;
And the grid dividing unit is used for carrying out non-uniform grid dividing treatment on the semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model to obtain a grid casting blank structure model.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
The acquisition module is also used for acquiring in-situ observation results of the acquired high-temperature confocal during the thermoplastic testing process of the samples of different cast steels;
an extraction module for extracting a surface cooling rate of the (Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide with a size of less than 10 μm from the high-temperature confocal in-situ observation result;
and the configuration module is used for configuring the cooling rate condition of the cast steel according to the surface cooling rate and constructing the mapping relation between the material parameters of the cast steel and the cooling rate condition.
The invention provides a continuous casting parameter determining device of ledeburite steel, which is characterized in that the cooling rate condition matched with steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine is determined, and the cooling rate condition is determined based on the size of target carbide of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test; obtaining crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine; calculating according to the crystallizer simulation data to obtain crystallizer control parameters, and calculating according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data to obtain secondary cooling zone control parameters; the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling area control parameters are sent to the control end of the continuous casting machine, so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling area control parameters, the accuracy of cooling area water quantity control is greatly improved, uncertainty of equipment regulation and control based on manual experience is avoided, meanwhile, the accuracy of continuous casting machine water quantity control is ensured, the possibility of occurrence of cooling quality temperature is reduced, and the defective rate of continuous casting products can be effectively reduced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a storage medium storing at least one executable instruction for performing the method for determining the parameters of continuous casting of ledeburitic steel in any of the above method embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a continuous casting machine produced based on the parameters determined by the method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the invention described above may be implemented in a general purpose computing device, they may be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed across a network of computing devices, they may alternatively be implemented in program code executable by computing devices, so that they may be stored in a memory device for execution by computing devices, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown or described, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps within them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining parameters of continuous casting of ledeburite steel, comprising:
Determining a cooling rate condition matched with steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine, wherein the cooling rate condition is determined based on a target carbide size of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test;
Obtaining crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine;
calculating according to the crystallizer simulation data to obtain crystallizer control parameters, and calculating according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data to obtain secondary cooling zone control parameters;
And sending the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters to a control end of the continuous casting machine so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameters and the secondary cooling zone control parameters.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the crystallizer simulation data includes a degree of superheat of the crystallizer, a dummy bar pull rate, and a lunar surface heat flux density, and wherein calculating the crystallizer control parameters based on the crystallizer simulation data comprises:
acquiring the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature and the related dimensionless parameters of the continuous casting machine;
Calculating to obtain the water distribution of the crystallizer according to the lunar meniscus heat flux density, the cooling water temperature, the environment temperature, the united dimensionless parameters and the heat flux density-water volume conversion relation;
And generating crystallizer control parameters according to the water distribution amount of the crystallizer, the superheat degree of the crystallizer and the pull speed of the dummy bar.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the secondary cooling zone simulation data includes a node area heat flux density of each segment of the secondary cooling zone, and the calculating the secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data includes:
Aiming at each section of cooling area, calculating to obtain water flow density according to the node surface heat flow density, the cooling water temperature and the associated dimensionless parameters;
and generating a secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the water flow density of each cooling zone.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein before obtaining the crystallizer simulation data and the secondary cooling zone simulation data satisfying the cooling rate condition from the simulation result of the continuous casting slab thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine, the method further comprises:
According to the casting blank size parameters of the continuous casting machine, a latticed casting blank structure model is constructed by taking a meniscus position in a crystallizer as a body center plane;
and performing casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling simulation on the grid casting blank structure model according to preset thermal coupling parameters to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the performing the casting slab thermo-mechanical coupling simulation on the gridding casting slab structure model according to the preset thermal coupling parameters to the simulation result of the continuous casting slab thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine includes:
The thermo-mechanical coupling state of the structure above the body center plane of the meshed casting blank structure model is configured to be an initial state;
Configuring superheat boundary conditions, superheat variation amplitude, dummy bar pull speed boundary conditions and dummy bar pull speed variation amplitude of a structure below a body center plane of the grid casting blank structure model according to the thermodynamic coupling parameters;
And performing simulation operation on the semi-casting blank structure model with the thermal coupling parameter configuration to obtain a simulation result of the continuous casting blank thermal-mechanical coupling model.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein constructing the gridding casting blank structure model by taking the meniscus position in the crystallizer as a body center plane according to the casting blank size parameters of the continuous casting machine comprises:
Obtaining the structural symmetry direction of the casting blank of the continuous casting machine;
According to the dimensional parameters in the symmetrical direction of the structure, a semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model is constructed by taking the meniscus position in the crystallizer as a body center plane;
and carrying out non-uniform grid division treatment on the semi-casting blank three-dimensional structure model to obtain a grid casting blank structure model.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein prior to said determining a cooling rate condition matching a steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine, the method further comprises:
acquiring in-situ observation results of high-temperature confocal collected in the thermoplastic testing process of samples of different cast steels;
Extracting the surface cooling rate of the (Cr, fe) 7C3 carbide with the size smaller than 10 mu m from the high-temperature confocal in-situ observation result;
and configuring cooling rate conditions of the cast steel according to the surface cooling rate, and constructing a mapping relation between material parameters of the cast steel and the cooling rate conditions.
8. A continuous casting parameter determining apparatus for ledeburite steel, comprising:
A determining module for determining a cooling rate condition matched with a steel to be cast of a continuous casting machine, wherein the cooling rate condition is determined based on a target carbide size of the steel to be cast in a thermoplastic test;
The acquisition module is used for acquiring crystallizer simulation data and secondary cooling zone simulation data meeting the cooling rate condition from simulation results of a continuous casting billet thermo-mechanical coupling model of the continuous casting machine;
The calculation module is used for calculating to obtain a crystallizer control parameter according to the crystallizer simulation data and calculating to obtain a secondary cooling zone control parameter according to the secondary cooling zone simulation data;
And the sending module is used for sending the crystallizer control parameter and the secondary cooling zone control parameter to the control end of the continuous casting machine so that the continuous casting machine can perform continuous casting production on steel to be cast according to the crystallizer control parameter and the secondary cooling zone control parameter.
9. A storage medium having stored therein at least one executable instruction for causing a processor to perform operations corresponding to the method for determining continuous casting parameters of ledeburitic steel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. Continuous casting machine produced on the basis of the parameters determined by the method for determining the continuous casting parameters of ledeburite steel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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