CN118116689A - Device for preventing permanent magnet in permanent magnet hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing - Google Patents
Device for preventing permanent magnet in permanent magnet hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118116689A CN118116689A CN202410458507.5A CN202410458507A CN118116689A CN 118116689 A CN118116689 A CN 118116689A CN 202410458507 A CN202410458507 A CN 202410458507A CN 118116689 A CN118116689 A CN 118116689A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- permanent magnet
- hall thruster
- magnetic conduction
- screen
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- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt samarium Chemical group [Co].[Sm] KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0231—Magnetic circuits with PM for power or force generation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0231—Magnetic circuits with PM for power or force generation
- H01F7/0252—PM holding devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
Compared with the traditional permanent magnet Hall thruster, the application adopts a scheme of postpositioning the permanent magnet to avoid coil heat generation, and adopts a magnetic conduction plate structure and a magnetic screen to directly radiate and dissipate heat to the outside by keeping the permanent magnet away from a high temperature area, thereby reducing the temperature of the permanent magnet. Therefore, the working performance and the service life of the permanent magnet Hall thruster can be improved. In addition, the magnetic conduction cover on the outer wall surface of the traditional Hall thruster is replaced by a plurality of rib-shaped magnetic conduction plates, the sum of the circle center angles of all the magnetic conduction plates is not more than 90 degrees, and meanwhile, the suspended magnetic screen is not wrapped by an insulating material and directly radiates outwards, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the thruster is enhanced, and the total quality of equipment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric propulsion equipment, in particular to a device for preventing permanent magnets in a permanent magnet Hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing.
Background
The Hall thruster is an electric propulsion device which ionizes and accelerates working media by utilizing mutually orthogonal electromagnetic fields to generate thrust, and is mainly applied to the field of aerospace propulsion. The Hall thruster forms an orthogonal electromagnetic field in the channel through the excitation device and the anode, so that electrons emitted by the cathode are restrained by the magnetic field in the process of reaching the anode at the bottom of the channel, and Hall drift perpendicular to the directions of the electric field and the magnetic field is formed. The propellant is injected from a gas distributor at the bottom of the channel, neutral atoms and electrons collide and ionize in the channel, and a large amount of ions and electrons are generated. The ions are ejected at high speed under the action of the axial electric field, so that thrust is generated, and a visible plume is formed. The method has the advantages of simplicity, reliability, high specific impulse, large pushing ratio and the like, can greatly improve the effective load duty ratio of the spacecraft, and is suitable for the tasks of north-south conservation, orbit transfer and the like of the spacecraft.
A permanent magnet hall thruster is an electric propulsion device that uses permanent magnets, such as samarium cobalt, instead of coils to generate the required magnetic field. Compared with coil excitation, the magnetic field excitation device has the advantages of light weight, small size, simple structure and no excitation power consumption.
However, the existing permanent magnet hall thruster has structural problems, the permanent magnets are respectively arranged at two sides of the channel and close to the outlet end of the thruster, the heat of the channel outlet and the magnetic poles is transferred to the permanent magnets so that the temperature of the permanent magnets rises, and along with the erosion of ceramics, the permanent magnets have the risk of being bombarded by plasmas. In addition, the problem is exacerbated by the limited heat dissipation capacity of the hall thruster. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet Hall thruster is unstable along with the increase of the working time, and the magnetic field is deformed in a channel, the peak value of the magnetic field strength is reduced, and the performance is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for preventing a permanent magnet in a permanent magnet Hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing, so as to solve the problems in the prior art and increase the working performance and service life of the permanent magnet Hall thruster.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides a device for preventing permanent magnets in a permanent magnet Hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing, which comprises: the device comprises inner ceramics, inner magnetic poles, iron cores, a suspended magnetic screen, permanent magnets, a bottom plate, outer ceramics, outer magnetic poles and a magnetic conduction plate; the inner ceramic, the inner magnetic pole, the iron core and the permanent magnet are sequentially arranged along the direction close to the bottom plate to form a columnar structure, the columnar structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the outer ceramic, the outer magnetic pole and the suspension magnetic screen are of annular structures, the suspension magnetic screen is arranged around the columnar structure, the magnetic conduction plates are of strip structures, a plurality of magnetic conduction plates are arranged, and the magnetic conduction plates are arranged around the suspension magnetic screen and are fixed on the bottom plate; the outer magnetic pole and the outer ceramic are coaxially arranged with the suspension magnetic screen and fixed on the magnetic conduction plate.
Preferably, the magnetic field pattern is adjusted by changing the magnetic resistance of the inner and outer air gaps.
Preferably, the inner magnetic pole, the iron core, the suspended magnetic screen, the bottom plate, the outer magnetic pole and the magnetic conduction plate are all made of DT4C pure iron.
Preferably, the permanent magnet is a samarium cobalt permanent magnet.
Preferably, the suspended magnetic screen is blacked out with graphene.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
According to the invention, the excitation loss of the coil is reduced by arranging the permanent magnet for excitation, the heat generation of the coil is avoided, and the temperature of the permanent magnet is reduced by keeping the permanent magnet away from a high-temperature area and directly radiating and radiating outwards by adopting a magnetic conduction plate structure and a magnetic screen. Therefore, the working performance and the service life of the permanent magnet Hall thruster can be improved.
In addition, the magnetic conduction cover on the outer wall surface of the traditional Hall thruster is replaced by a plurality of rib-shaped magnetic conduction plates, the sum of the circle center angles of all the magnetic conduction plates is not more than 90 degrees, and meanwhile, the suspended magnetic screen is not wrapped by an insulating material and directly radiates outwards, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the thruster is enhanced, and the total quality of equipment is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preventing overheat demagnetization of a permanent magnet in a permanent magnet hall thruster
FIG. 2 is a graph of the magnetic field profile of the permanent magnet of FIG. 1
FIG. 3 is a graph of radial magnetic induction intensity of a channel center line of a permanent magnet excitation Hall thruster;
FIG. 4 is a simulation diagram of the temperature distribution of the Hall thruster with the structure of FIG. 1 when it is operated to thermal equilibrium;
In the figure: 1-inner ceramic; 2-inner magnetic pole; 3-iron core; 4-suspending a magnetic screen; 5-permanent magnets; 6-a bottom plate; 7-outer ceramic; 8-outer magnetic poles; 9-magnetic conduction plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a device for preventing permanent magnets in a permanent magnet Hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the magnetic field generator comprises an inner ceramic 1, an inner magnetic pole 2, an iron core 3, a suspension magnetic screen 4, a permanent magnet 5, a bottom plate 6, an outer ceramic 7, an outer magnetic pole 8 and a magnetic conduction plate 9; the inner ceramic 1, the inner magnetic pole 2, the iron core 3 and the permanent magnet 5 are sequentially arranged along the direction close to the bottom plate 6 to form a columnar structure, the columnar structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 6, the outer ceramic 7, the outer magnetic pole 8 and the suspended magnetic screen 4 are of annular structures, the suspended magnetic screen 4 is arranged around the columnar structure, the magnetic conduction plates 9 are of strip structures, a plurality of magnetic conduction plates 9 are arranged around the suspended magnetic screen 4 and are fixed on the bottom plate 6; the outer magnetic pole 8 and the outer ceramic 7 are coaxially arranged with the levitation magnetic screen 4 and fixed on the magnetic conductive plate 9.
The magnetic conductive plate 9 is preferably arc-shaped and extends along a cylindrical surface, and the central line of the cylindrical surface is the central line of the permanent magnet hall thruster. It will be appreciated that the arc-shaped magnetic conductive plates 9 are only preferred embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the shape of the magnetic conductive plates 9, as long as the adjacent magnetic conductive plates 9 have a heat dissipation space therebetween.
According to the invention, the excitation loss of the coil is reduced by arranging the permanent magnet 5 for excitation, so that the heat generation of the coil is avoided; by keeping the permanent magnet 5 away from the high temperature region, the permanent magnet 5 placed on the back plate 6 does not produce an excessively high degree of magnetic saturation in the exciting magnetic circuit. The permanent magnet 5 is capable of generating a sufficient magnetic field magnitude and is remote from the high temperature region. The inner ceramic 1 and the outer ceramic 7 are used as anti-corrosion materials, have lower heat conductivity, and can ease the conduction of the heat of the suspended magnetic screen 4 to the inner magnetic pole 2, the iron core 3 and the permanent magnet 5. And the invention adopts the structure of the magnetic conduction plate 9 and the magnetic screen to radiate and radiate heat directly to the outside, thereby reducing the temperature of the permanent magnet 5. Therefore, the working performance and the service life of the permanent magnet Hall thruster can be improved.
In addition, the magnetic conduction cover on the outer wall surface of the traditional Hall thruster is replaced by a plurality of rib-shaped magnetic conduction plates 9, and meanwhile, the suspended magnetic screen 4 is not wrapped by an insulating material and directly radiates outwards, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the thruster is enhanced, the temperature of the permanent magnet 5 can be further reduced, the working performance and the service life of the permanent magnet Hall thruster are further improved, and the total quality of equipment is reduced.
In the invention, a permanent magnet 5 is arranged between an iron core 3 and a bottom plate 6, magnetic force lines are emitted from the permanent magnet 5 and reach an outer magnetic pole 8 and an inner magnetic pole 2, one part of the magnetic force lines form a complete magnetic loop through a floating magnetic shield 4, the other part of the magnetic force lines form magnetic leakage between the magnetic poles and the floating magnetic shield 4, an inner magnetic field of a channel is generated, and the shape, the size and the relative position relation of the outer magnetic pole 8 and the inner magnetic pole 2 and the floating magnetic shield 4 are changed (namely, the magnetic field position type is adjusted by changing the magnetic resistance of an inner air gap and an outer air gap), so that the magnetic field is approximately symmetrical about the central line of the channel, as shown in figure 2. The maximum radial magnetic induction intensity of the center of the excitation channel of the permanent magnet 5 is 266Gs, as shown in figure 3.
In some embodiments, the number of the magnetic conductive plates 9 is generally 4 to 6, and the sum of the center angles of all the magnetic conductive plates 9 is not more than 90 °.
In some embodiments, the inner magnetic pole 2, the iron core 3, the floating magnetic screen 4, the bottom plate 6, the outer magnetic pole 8 and the magnetic conductive plate 9 are all made of DT4C pure iron.
In this embodiment, through above-mentioned setting assurance structure has magnetism conductivity and high temperature resistance, guarantees structural strength simultaneously enough, effectively guarantees the stability of magnetic conduction.
In some embodiments, the permanent magnet 5 is a samarium cobalt permanent magnet.
In this embodiment, the excitation structure is ensured to have high energy density by the above arrangement, while improving the high temperature resistance.
In some embodiments, no insulating film is provided outside the floating magnetic shield 4, and the floating magnetic shield 4 is blackened with graphene.
In the present embodiment, the levitation magnet 4 is insulated and the heat dissipation capability is improved by the above arrangement.
Experiments show that when the permanent magnet 5 in the above embodiments is placed on the bottom plate 6, the temperature of the thruster is greatly reduced during stable operation, about 300 ℃, and the temperature is remarkably lower than the high temperature of about 700 ℃ in the suspended magnetic screen 4 and the excitation channel, as shown in fig. 4.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The device for preventing the permanent magnet in the permanent magnet Hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing is characterized in that: comprising the following steps: the device comprises inner ceramics, inner magnetic poles, iron cores, a suspended magnetic screen, permanent magnets, a bottom plate, outer ceramics, outer magnetic poles and a magnetic conduction plate; the inner ceramic, the inner magnetic pole, the iron core and the permanent magnet are sequentially arranged along the direction close to the bottom plate to form a columnar structure, the columnar structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the outer ceramic, the outer magnetic pole and the suspension magnetic screen are of annular structures, the suspension magnetic screen is arranged around the columnar structure, the magnetic conduction plates are of strip structures, a plurality of magnetic conduction plates are arranged, and the magnetic conduction plates are arranged around the suspension magnetic screen and are fixed on the bottom plate; the outer magnetic pole and the outer ceramic are coaxially arranged with the suspension magnetic screen and fixed on the magnetic conduction plate.
2. The device for preventing overheat demagnetization of permanent magnets in a permanent magnet hall thruster according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic field bit type is adjusted by changing the internal and external air gap magnetic resistance.
3. The device for preventing overheat demagnetization of permanent magnets in a permanent magnet hall thruster according to claim 1, wherein: the inner magnetic pole, the iron core, the suspension magnetic screen, the bottom plate, the outer magnetic pole and the magnetic conduction plate are all made of DT4C pure iron.
4. The device for preventing overheat demagnetization of permanent magnets in a permanent magnet hall thruster according to claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet is a samarium cobalt permanent magnet.
5. The device for preventing overheat demagnetization of permanent magnets in a permanent magnet hall thruster according to claim 1, wherein: the suspended magnetic screen is blacked out by graphene.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410458507.5A CN118116689A (en) | 2024-04-17 | 2024-04-17 | Device for preventing permanent magnet in permanent magnet hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410458507.5A CN118116689A (en) | 2024-04-17 | 2024-04-17 | Device for preventing permanent magnet in permanent magnet hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118116689A true CN118116689A (en) | 2024-05-31 |
Family
ID=91215726
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410458507.5A Pending CN118116689A (en) | 2024-04-17 | 2024-04-17 | Device for preventing permanent magnet in permanent magnet hall thruster from overheating and demagnetizing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118116689A (en) |
-
2024
- 2024-04-17 CN CN202410458507.5A patent/CN118116689A/en active Pending
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