CN118103125A - Exhaust gas treatment device and exhaust gas treatment method - Google Patents
Exhaust gas treatment device and exhaust gas treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118103125A CN118103125A CN202280069846.3A CN202280069846A CN118103125A CN 118103125 A CN118103125 A CN 118103125A CN 202280069846 A CN202280069846 A CN 202280069846A CN 118103125 A CN118103125 A CN 118103125A
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- exhaust gas
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- adsorption
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 251
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 11
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 e.g. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
An exhaust gas treatment device according to an aspect of the present invention capable of preventing abnormality in an operation state of a combustion furnace in advance includes: a supply line for guiding exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, and a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas; a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and a flow path switching mechanism that cuts off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line and supplies the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption processing line when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device and an exhaust gas treatment method.
Background
As a device for removing harmful substances in exhaust gas at relatively low cost, an exhaust gas treatment device including a combustion furnace for decomposing harmful substances by combustion is used. However, for example, the flow rate and the composition of the exhaust gas may be unstable, and the combustion furnace may not be operated stably. For this reason, there has been proposed an apparatus for treating exhaust gas by monitoring the operation state of a combustion furnace, and switching a flow path to remove a harmful substance by adsorption or the like when an abnormality occurs in the combustion furnace (for example, refer to patent document 1).
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 11-197440
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
If the concentration of the combustible substance and the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas are within a certain range, the combustible substance may be explosively burned in the combustion furnace, and the exhaust gas treatment device may be damaged. Therefore, if the flow path of the exhaust gas is switched after the abnormality of the burner is detected, the burner or the like may be damaged.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment device and an exhaust gas treatment method that can prevent an abnormality in the operating state of a combustion furnace in advance.
Solution for solving the problem
An exhaust gas treatment device according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a supply line for guiding exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, and a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas; a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and a flow path switching mechanism that cuts off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line and supplies the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption processing line when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold.
In the above exhaust gas treatment device, the supply line may have a second concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas on a downstream side of the delay tank, and the flow path switching means may be configured to supply the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion treatment line and cut off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption treatment line when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is less than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or less than a predetermined recovery threshold.
In the exhaust gas treatment device, the supply line may include a second concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas on a downstream side of the delay tank, and the flow path switching means may notify that the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is less than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or less than a predetermined recovery threshold when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is less than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or less than a predetermined recovery threshold.
In the above-described exhaust gas treatment device, the flow path switching means may cut off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion treatment line and may supply the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption treatment line when the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor increases to a predetermined second abnormality threshold or more.
In the above exhaust gas treatment device, the delay tank may have a capacity of 20 times or more and 300 times or less of a maximum flow rate of the exhaust gas per 1 second.
In the above-described exhaust gas treatment device, the adsorption treatment line may further include a cooling tower on an upstream side of the adsorption device.
In the above-described exhaust gas treatment device, the exhaust gas may contain a combustible substance, and the index substance may be oxygen.
An exhaust gas treatment device according to another aspect of the present invention includes: a supply line for guiding an exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas, and a second concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas; a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and a flow path switching mechanism that cuts off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line and supplies the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption processing line when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and/or when the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined second abnormality threshold.
A method for treating exhaust gas according to still another aspect of the present invention uses an exhaust gas treatment device including: a supply line for guiding exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, and a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas; a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and a flow path switching mechanism for selectively introducing the exhaust gas flowing out from the supply line to either one of the combustion processing line and the adsorption processing line, wherein in the exhaust gas treatment method, when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold value, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line is cut off, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line to the adsorption processing line.
A method for treating exhaust gas according to still another aspect of the present invention uses an exhaust gas treatment device including: a supply line for guiding an exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas, and a second concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas; a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and a flow path switching mechanism for selectively introducing the exhaust gas flowing out from the supply line to either one of the combustion processing line and the adsorption processing line, wherein in the exhaust gas processing method, when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and/or when the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined second abnormality threshold, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line is cut off, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line to the adsorption processing line.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present invention, abnormality in the operation state of the combustion furnace can be prevented in advance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an exhaust gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an exhaust gas treatment device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The exhaust gas treatment device of fig. 1 is also a device that can be used to implement an exhaust gas treatment method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The exhaust gas treatment device 1 includes: a supply line 10 for guiding exhaust gas; a combustion treatment line 20 and an adsorption treatment line 30, the combustion treatment line 20 and the adsorption treatment line 30 being connected in parallel on the downstream side of the supply line 10, for treating the exhaust gas, respectively; and a flow path switching mechanism 40 for selecting to which of the combustion treatment line 20 and the adsorption treatment line 30 the exhaust gas is introduced from the supply line 10.
The exhaust gas treatment device 1 collects the exhaust gas generated at the one or more exhaust gas generating sources 100 and treats the exhaust gas in the combustion treatment line 20 or the adsorption treatment line 30, thereby releasing the treated exhaust gas to the atmosphere through the stack 200 after removing the treatment target substances in the exhaust gas. In the exhaust gas treatment device 1, the exhaust gas is generally treated by the combustion treatment line 20, and the exhaust gas is treated by the adsorption treatment line 30 only when there is a risk in the treatment by the combustion treatment line 20 due to an abnormality of the exhaust gas generation source 100 or the like.
The exhaust gas treated in the exhaust gas treatment device 1 may contain a combustible substance as a treatment target substance or may contain a combustible substance in addition to the treatment target substance. In the case where the exhaust gas contains a combustible substance to some extent, if the oxygen concentration is within a certain range, it may be explosively burned. Examples of the treatment target substance in the exhaust gas include malodorous substances such as ammonia, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, trimethylamine, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, and acetaldehyde.
As an exhaust gas generation source 100 that discharges such exhaust gas, there is exemplified a resin production apparatus having a resin production device 101, a Catch tank (Catch Pot) 102 that collects exhaust gas from the resin production device 101, and a vacuum pump 103 that keeps the Catch tank 102 at negative pressure, as shown in the drawing. In such a resin production facility, by-product gas, surplus gas, and the like of the reaction may be discharged during the synthesis, conversion, and the like of the resin. In general, the exhaust gas discharged from such an exhaust gas generation source 100 may contain a combustible gas, but if properly operated, the oxygen concentration is suppressed to be low. However, if the outside air is excessively sucked, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas increases, and when the exhaust gas is introduced into the combustion treatment line 20, the combustible substances contained therein may be explosively burned. In principle, the exhaust gas generating source 100 is operated within a range in which the exhaust gas discharged as a whole does not exceed the processing capacity of the combustion processing line 20.
The stack 200 directs the treated exhaust gases exiting the combustion process line 20 and the adsorption process line 30 and releases them to the atmosphere, preferably to the atmosphere. The stack 200 may be used as a plurality of exhaust gas treatment devices 1, and may be further used to release exhaust gas discharged from other devices to the atmosphere.
The supply line 10 includes, in order from the upstream side, a blower 11, a first concentration sensor 12, a delay tank 13, and a second concentration sensor 14, wherein the blower 11 is configured to send the exhaust gas to the downstream side, the first concentration sensor 12 is configured to detect the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas, the delay tank 13 is configured to temporarily retain the exhaust gas, and the second concentration sensor 14 is configured to detect the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas.
The blower 11 pressurizes and feeds the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas can be introduced into the combustion process line 20 or the adsorption process line 30. As the blower 11, an explosion-proof blower is preferably used.
The first concentration sensor 12 detects the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas at the upstream side of the delay tank 13. Therefore, the first concentration sensor 12 is provided so as to be capable of detecting the concentration of the index substance in the gas in real time in the line. The index substance may be a component that is an index for determining whether or not it is appropriate to treat the exhaust gas by combustion. In the case of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas generating source 100, which is the above-described resin production facility, the index substance can be oxygen.
The delay tank 13 temporarily retains the exhaust gas, and thus, a certain time is required until the exhaust gas whose concentration of the index substance is detected by the first concentration sensor 12 flows out to the combustion processing line 20 or the adsorption processing line 30. This can provide control, switching of the flow path, and start-up of the equipment in the adsorption line 30. The delay tank 13 may be provided with a structure for rectifying flow, such as a partition plate, or the like, to prevent exhaust gas from flowing from the inlet port to the outlet port, so that the exhaust gas flows out sequentially from the exhaust gas flowing in first.
The lower limit of the capacity of the delay tank 13 is preferably 20 times, more preferably 30 times, and even more preferably 40 times the maximum flow rate of the exhaust gas per 1 second. On the other hand, the upper limit of the capacity of the delay tank 13 is preferably 300 times, more preferably 200 times, and even more preferably 150 times the maximum flow rate of the exhaust gas per 1 second. By setting the capacity of the delay tank 13 to be equal to or greater than the lower limit, a sufficient time can be ensured to switch between the combustion process line 20 and the adsorption process line 30. Further, by setting the capacity of the delay tank 13 to the upper limit or less, it is possible to suppress an increase in the processing cost due to an unnecessary decrease in the utilization rate of the combustion processing line 20, and an increase in the equipment cost due to an increase in the processing capacity required for the adsorption processing line 30.
The second concentration sensor 14 is constituted by the same sensor as the first concentration sensor 12, and detects the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas on the downstream side of the delay tank 13.
The combustion treatment line 20 may be configured to include: a combustion furnace 21 for decomposing a substance to be treated in the exhaust gas by combustion; and a flame arrester (FLAME ARRESTER) 22 provided on the upstream side of the combustion furnace 21 for preventing flames generated by combustion in the combustion furnace 21 from propagating to the upstream side.
The combustion furnace 21 burns (oxidatively decomposes) or thermally decomposes a substance to be processed or the like by burning at least any one of fuel supplied from the outside and a combustible substance in the exhaust gas. Therefore, the burner 21 has a burner for introducing fuel and combustion air into the interior to form a flame in the combustion chamber through which the exhaust gas passes. The combustion furnace 21 may be configured to introduce combustion air necessary for combustible substances in the exhaust gas into the combustion chamber. By using such a combustion furnace 21, the treatment target substances in the exhaust gas can be removed relatively inexpensively.
The combustion furnace 21 may be provided with a device for spraying a reducing agent such as urea to the exhaust gas after combustion to reduce nitrogen oxides to nitrogen gas, thereby suppressing the discharge of nitrogen oxides.
Flame arrestor 22 allows exhaust gases to pass through, but blocks flames. Flame arrestor 22 can be provided in the following configuration: for example, corrugated metal sheets are rolled to form a large number of fine gas flow paths, and flame extinction is performed by capturing heat of flames entering through the corrugated metal sheets.
The adsorption treatment line 30 may be configured to have a cooling tower 31, a pre-adsorption device 32, a washing tower (scrubber) 33, and a chemical adsorption device 34. When there is a risk in treating the exhaust gas by the combustion treatment line 20, the adsorption treatment line 30 is temporarily used to adsorb and remove the treatment target substances in the exhaust gas. The adsorption treatment line 30 may be configured to be continuously operated until a predetermined time is allowed to resume the treatment performed by the combustion treatment line 20, for example, by adjusting the operation conditions of the exhaust gas generation source 100.
The cooling tower 31 is configured to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas by spraying water into the exhaust gas and evaporating the water. The cooling tower 31 may be configured to collect water that has not evaporated at the lower end. In addition, the cooling tower 31 may also adjust the amount of water sprayed so that the sprayed water is all evaporated.
The pre-adsorption device 32 may be configured to adsorb particulates and chemical substances in the exhaust gas using a chemical adsorption material obtained by supporting a catalyst such as activated carbon or ceramic.
The scrubber 33 brings water or chemical solution into contact with the exhaust gas, and dissolves the components in the exhaust gas into the water or chemical solution to remove the components in the exhaust gas. In particular, in the case of removing an alkaline substance to be treated such as an amine, e.g., trimethylamine or ammonia, the substance to be treated can be removed efficiently by using an acidic chemical solution to which an acid, e.g., sulfuric acid, is added. Further, since the circulation cost of the water or chemical solution in the scrubber 33 is relatively low, it may take a long time from the start-up until the stable operation is possible, and therefore, it is preferable that the scrubber 33 is always operated when the exhaust gas treatment device 1 is operated even in the case where the adsorption treatment line 30 is not used.
When the dissolved concentration of the exhaust gas component in water or the chemical liquid increases, the exhaust gas component removing capacity of the scrubber 33 decreases. The exhaust gas component removal ability of water or chemical solution depends on the chemical solution and the type of exhaust gas component, but can be confirmed by measuring the dissolved concentration of the exhaust gas component, for example, using pH as an index. When the capability of the scrubber 33 to remove the exhaust gas component is lowered, it is necessary to replace water or chemical liquid. In general, the scrubber 33 has a capacity of removing the waste gas in the treatment amount, but the waste gas is difficult to be completely contacted with water or chemical solution, and the removal rate is limited.
The chemical adsorption device 34 is a device for removing a treatment target substance in the exhaust gas by chemically adsorbing the treatment target substance with an adsorbent, which is obtained by supporting a catalyst on a ceramic substrate, a zeolite, a silica gel, or the like, for example, to increase the adsorption capacity for the treatment target substance. By providing the chemisorption device 34 at the final stage, the treatment target substance in the exhaust gas can be substantially completely removed.
The chemical adsorption device 34 is penetrated when a certain amount of the treatment target substance is adsorbed, so that the treatment target substance passes through the chemical adsorption device 34, and therefore, the adsorbent and the like need to be replaced. The lower limit of the continuous operation time at the maximum load in the design of the chemisorption device 34 is preferably 30 minutes, more preferably 1 hour. On the other hand, the upper limit of the continuous operation time at the maximum load in the design of the chemisorption device 34 is preferably 10 hours, more preferably 5 hours. By setting the continuously operable time of the chemical adsorption device 34 to the lower limit or more, the cause that the exhaust gas cannot be treated by the combustion treatment line 20 during the treatment of the exhaust gas by the adsorption treatment line 30 is eliminated, and the treatment by the combustion treatment line 20 is resumed, whereby the possibility of continuous operation of the exhaust gas generation source 100 can be increased. Further, by setting the continuous operable time of the chemical adsorption device 34 to be equal to or less than the upper limit, the equipment cost and the operating cost of the chemical adsorption device 34 can be suppressed.
The flow path switching mechanism 40 selects whether the exhaust gas is introduced from the supply line 10 to the combustion process line 20 or the exhaust gas is introduced from the supply line 10 to the adsorption process line 30. The flow path switching mechanism 40 may be configured to include: a combustion selection damper 41 provided at an inlet portion of the combustion processing line 20; an adsorption selection damper 42 provided at an inlet of the adsorption treatment line 30; and a switching control device 43 that controls the combustion selection damper 41 and the adsorption selection damper 42 based on the detection values of the first concentration sensor 12 and the second concentration sensor 14.
The combustion selection damper 41 and the adsorption selection damper 42 are respectively provided as valve mechanisms capable of opening or closing the flow paths. The combustion selection damper 41 and the adsorption selection damper 42 may be replaced with a single splitter (diverter) provided at a branching point of the flow path.
The switching control device 43 can be configured to: when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the combustion process line 20 is shut off by closing the combustion selection damper 41, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line 10 to the adsorption process line 30 by opening the adsorption selection damper 42. The "detected concentration" is not limited to a real-time detection value, and may be a value obtained by filtering or the like for eliminating interference.
Since the exhaust gas stays in the delay tank 13 for a predetermined time in the supply line 10 and flows out to the downstream side, there is a time from when the first concentration sensor 12 disposed on the upstream side of the delay tank 13 detects the increase in the concentration of the index substance until the exhaust gas containing the index substance having a high concentration actually flows out from the supply line 10. Therefore, when the first concentration sensor 12 detects an increase in the concentration of the index substance, the supply of the exhaust gas to the combustion treatment line 20 is cut off and the supply of the exhaust gas to the adsorption treatment line 30 is started, whereby the exhaust gas containing the index substance having a high concentration is not introduced into the combustion treatment line 20, and the exhaust gas can be treated in the adsorption treatment line 30.
The switching control device 43 preferably controls at least the start and stop of the equipment of the adsorption treatment line 30 such as the cooling tower 31. By controlling the equipment of the adsorption treatment line 30 by the switching control device 43, unnecessary energy consumption of the adsorption treatment line 30 can be suppressed. In this case, when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 increases to a predetermined first abnormality threshold or more, the switching control device 43 may first start the equipment of the adsorption line 30, and after a predetermined start time period for which the adsorption line 30 is considered to be in a stably operable state has elapsed, the combustion select damper 41 may be closed and the adsorption select damper 42 may be opened. The start-up time is set to be sufficiently short compared with the time from the rise of the index substance concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 until the index substance concentration of the exhaust gas actually flowing out of the supply line 10 through the delay tank 13 rises. This ensures that the target substance in the adsorption line 30 is reliably removed.
Since the operation cost of the exhaust gas treatment by the adsorption treatment line 30 is high, it is desirable to restore the treatment by the combustion treatment line 20 as early as possible. Therefore, when the off-gas is supplied to the adsorption line 30, the switching control device 43 preferably notifies that the off-gas is supplied to the adsorption line 30 so that the off-gas can be recognized by the operator. The switching control device 43 may also send a signal to bring the exhaust gas generation source 100 to an emergency stop before the adsorption treatment line 30 is penetrated.
The switching control device 43 may be configured to: when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 is less than the first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or less than the predetermined recovery threshold, the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line 10 to the combustion process line 20 by opening the combustion selection damper 41, and the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the adsorption process line 30 is shut off by closing the adsorption selection damper 42.
As described above, by confirming that the concentration of the index substance has decreased, that is, by confirming that the state of safely treating the exhaust gas in the combustion treatment line 20 has been restored, and by restoring the operation of removing the treatment target substance by combustion in the combustion treatment line 20, the operation of the adsorption treatment line 30, which is relatively high in operation cost, can be suppressed, and an accident in which the treatment target substance is released without being removed due to penetration of the adsorption treatment line 30, can be suppressed.
The switching control device 43 may also give the operator a final determination to return to the supply of the exhaust gas to the combustion process line 20. Therefore, the switching control device 43 can be configured to: when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 is less than the first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or less than the restoration threshold, the operator can recognize that the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 is less than the first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or less than the restoration threshold. Specifically, the switching control device 43 may display the detection value of the first concentration sensor 12 and the detection value of the second concentration sensor 14 so as to be able to compare them with the first abnormality threshold value and the recovery threshold value, may notify the relationship between the respective values and the threshold values by the color of the lamp, the alarm tone, or the like, or may notify whether or not the relationship between the detection value of the first concentration sensor 12 and the detection value of the second concentration sensor 14 and the respective threshold values satisfies the condition of recovering the supply of the exhaust gas to the combustion processing line 20 as a single piece of information.
When the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or higher than a predetermined second abnormality threshold, the switching control device 43 may close the combustion selection damper 41 to shut off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the combustion processing line 20, and open the adsorption selection damper 42 to supply the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the adsorption processing line 30. In this case, since the index substance concentration of the exhaust gas flowing out from the supply line 10 immediately increases, it is preferable to supply the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the adsorption treatment line 30 without waiting for the start-up time of the equipment of the adsorption treatment line 30.
In principle, the detection value of the second concentration sensor 14 is also changed with a delay with respect to the change in the detection value of the first concentration sensor 12, the time difference being dependent on the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the capacity of the delay tank 13. However, the following situation may occur: the detection value of the second concentration sensor 14 rises although the detection value of the first concentration sensor 12 does not rise due to forgetting to close the exhaust line of the delay tank 13 or the like, for example. Therefore, it is preferable that the switching control device 43 notifies the operator of whether or not the adsorption treatment line 30 is used, based on the detection value of any one of the first concentration sensor 12 and the second concentration sensor 14.
When the exhaust gas contains trimethylamine as a treatment target substance that is also a combustible substance, there is a possibility that explosion occurs when the oxygen concentration is about 8%. Therefore, the first abnormality threshold of oxygen as an index substance can be set to, for example, about 5%. The recovery threshold value can be set to a concentration that is sufficiently lower than the first abnormality threshold value and slightly higher than the normal oxygen concentration, for example, about 3%. The second abnormality threshold may be set to the same value as the first abnormality threshold or a value different from the first abnormality threshold.
As described above, in the exhaust gas treatment device 1, when the concentration of oxygen (index substance) in the exhaust gas collected from the exhaust gas generation source 100 is detected to be increased by the first concentration sensor 12 and explosive combustion is likely to occur in the combustion furnace 21, the flow path is switched until the exhaust gas having a high oxygen concentration passes through the delay tank 13 so that the exhaust gas is treated in the adsorption treatment line 30, and therefore, the explosive combustion can be prevented in advance to avoid equipment damage.
As is clear from the above description, the exhaust gas treatment method according to the embodiment of the present invention that can be implemented using the exhaust gas treatment device1 uses the exhaust gas treatment device1, and the exhaust gas treatment device1 includes: a supply line 10 for guiding the exhaust gas, the supply line 10 having, in order, a first concentration sensor 12 for detecting the concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, and a delay tank 13 for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas; a combustion treatment line 20 connected to the downstream side of the supply line 10 and having a combustion furnace 21; an adsorption treatment line 30 connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line 20 on the downstream side of the supply line 10, and having adsorption devices 32 and 34; and a flow path switching mechanism 40 for selectively introducing the exhaust gas flowing from the supply line 10 to one of the combustion processing line 20 and the adsorption processing line 30, wherein in the exhaust gas treatment method, when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the combustion processing line 20 is cut off, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line 10 to the adsorption processing line 30.
In this exhaust gas treatment method, the supply line 10 may have a second concentration sensor 14 for detecting the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas on the downstream side of the delay tank 13, and when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 is less than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or less than a predetermined recovery threshold, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the combustion treatment line 20 may be cut off, or when the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or greater than a predetermined second abnormality threshold, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the combustion treatment line 20 may be cut off, and the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the adsorption treatment line 30 may be supplied.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and various modifications and variations are possible. As an example, in the exhaust gas treatment device according to the present invention, the adsorption treatment line may be provided with a device for adsorbing a treatment target substance, and the adsorption treatment line is not limited to a cooling device or the like.
In the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust gas treatment according to the present invention, for example, when the exhaust gas always contains a certain amount or more of oxygen and the concentration of the combustible substance may increase due to some abnormality, the combustible substance may be used as an index substance, and the concentration of the combustible substance may be detected by the first concentration sensor and the second concentration sensor. In the exhaust gas treatment device according to the present invention, the risk to be avoided by treating the exhaust gas with the adsorption treatment line is not limited to explosive combustion, and may be any risk such as incomplete combustion, chemical substance generation, or the like, or the line for treating the exhaust gas may be switched based on the concentration of an index substance other than oxygen according to the type of risk.
In the exhaust gas treatment device and the exhaust gas treatment according to the present invention, the switching from the combustion treatment line to the adsorption treatment line may be performed based on only the detection value of the second concentration sensor.
Description of the reference numerals
1: An exhaust gas treatment device; 10: a supply line; 11: a blower; 12: a first concentration sensor; 13: a delay tank; 14: a second concentration sensor; 20: a combustion treatment line; 21: a combustion furnace; 22: a flame arrester; 30: an adsorption treatment line; 31: a cooling tower; 32: a pre-adsorption device; 33: a washing tower; 34: a chemical adsorption device; 40: a flow path switching mechanism; 41: a combustion selection damper; 42: an adsorption selection air door; 43: a switching control device; 100: an exhaust gas generating source; 200: and (5) a chimney.
Claims (10)
1. An exhaust gas treatment device is provided with:
A supply line for guiding exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, and a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas;
a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace;
an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and
And a flow path switching mechanism that cuts off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line and supplies the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption processing line when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold.
2. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein,
The supply line has a second concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas at a downstream side of the delay tank,
The flow path switching means supplies the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line and cuts off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption processing line when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is less than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or less than a predetermined recovery threshold.
3. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein,
The supply line has a second concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas at a downstream side of the delay tank,
When the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is less than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or less than a predetermined recovery threshold, the flow path switching means notifies that the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is less than the predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or less than the predetermined recovery threshold.
4. An exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein,
The flow path switching means also cuts off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line and causes the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption processing line when the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined second abnormality threshold.
5. The exhaust gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein,
The delay tank has a capacity of 20 times or more and 300 times or less of a maximum flow rate of the exhaust gas per 1 second.
6. The exhaust gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein,
The adsorption treatment line further has a cooling tower on an upstream side of the adsorption device.
7. The exhaust gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein,
The exhaust gas contains a combustible substance, and the index substance is oxygen.
8. An exhaust gas treatment device is provided with:
a supply line for guiding an exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas, and a second concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas;
a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace;
an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and
And a flow path switching mechanism that cuts off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line and supplies the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption processing line when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and/or when the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined second abnormality threshold.
9. An exhaust gas treatment method using an exhaust gas treatment device, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device comprises:
A supply line for guiding exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, and a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas;
a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace;
an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and
A flow path switching mechanism for selectively introducing the exhaust gas flowing out from the supply line to either one of the combustion processing line and the adsorption processing line,
In the method of treating an exhaust gas in the above-mentioned manner,
When the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion treatment line is cut off, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line to the adsorption treatment line.
10. An exhaust gas treatment method using an exhaust gas treatment device, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device comprises:
a supply line for guiding an exhaust gas, the supply line having, in order, a first concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, a delay tank for temporarily retaining the exhaust gas, and a second concentration sensor for detecting a concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas;
a combustion treatment line connected to a downstream side of the supply line and having a combustion furnace;
an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel to the combustion treatment line on a downstream side of the supply line, the adsorption treatment line having an adsorption device; and
A flow path switching mechanism for selectively introducing the exhaust gas flowing out from the supply line to either one of the combustion processing line and the adsorption processing line,
In the method of treating an exhaust gas in the above-mentioned manner,
When the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and/or when the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined second abnormality threshold, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion treatment line is cut off, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line to the adsorption treatment line.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021-172540 | 2021-10-21 | ||
| JP2021172540 | 2021-10-21 | ||
| PCT/JP2022/038936 WO2023068299A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2022-10-19 | Exhaust gas treatment device, and exhaust gas treatment method |
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| CN118103125A true CN118103125A (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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| CN202280069846.3A Pending CN118103125A (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2022-10-19 | Exhaust gas treatment device and exhaust gas treatment method |
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| JP (1) | JPWO2023068299A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN118103125A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023068299A1 (en) |
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| JP6209786B2 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2017-10-11 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | Exhaust gas treatment system |
| CN208349313U (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2019-01-08 | 江苏齐清环境科技有限公司 | A kind of safe incineration system of RTO incinerator and high-concentration organic waste gas |
| CN208990398U (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-06-18 | 宁波中瑞环保科技有限公司 | A kind of intermittence, the processing unit of low discharge, middle and high concentration VOCs exhaust gas |
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