CN118089917A

CN118089917A - Rock burst monitoring device and early warning system

Info

Publication number: CN118089917A
Application number: CN202410251695.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任建超; 赵燚; 冯彦军; 马英辉; 刘茂福; 高卫卫; 肖琪; 王丹影
Original assignee: Ccteg Coal Mining Research Institute Co ltd; Shaanxi Coal Caojiatan Mining Co ltd; Tiandi Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ccteg Coal Mining Research Institute Co ltd; Shaanxi Coal Caojiatan Mining Co ltd; Tiandi Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2024-03-05
Filing date: 2024-03-05
Publication date: 2024-05-28

Abstract

The invention provides a rock burst monitoring device and an early warning system, wherein the rock burst monitoring device comprises a sensor, a fixedly connected part and an electric part, the sensor comprises a substrate and a shell, the substrate is connected with the shell to form a detection cavity, a first polar plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the substrate, which faces the detection cavity, a second polar plate is movably arranged in the detection cavity, and the second polar plate and the first polar plate are oppositely arranged and are not contacted; in a vibration state, the second polar plate can be close to or far away from the first polar plate; the sensor is fixed at a monitoring position by the fixedly connected piece through the substrate; the electrical component is electrically connected with the first polar plate and the second polar plate and can receive signals output by the first polar plate and/or the second polar plate. The rock burst monitoring device and the early warning system provided by the invention have the advantage of being not influenced by magnetic ores.

Description

Rock burst monitoring device and early warning system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine ground pressure monitoring, in particular to a rock burst monitoring device and an early warning system.

Background

Rock burst and various microseismic phenomena can cause coal mine vibration and even collapse. Therefore, it is necessary to be able to monitor vibration conditions of a coal mine in real time during the coal mining process. In order to realize vibration monitoring of coal mines, many micro-vibration monitoring systems have been designed.

Although the sensor can realize vibration monitoring of coal mines, the sensor is designed by adopting the principle of electromagnetic induction, is influenced by the working principle, and the monitoring precision is extremely easily influenced by magnetic substances, particularly magnetic ores and the like. Because of the magnetic ore with more content in the coal mine, the magnetic field of the sensor is extremely easily influenced by the magnetic ore in the coal mine, and the measurement accuracy is poor.

In order to overcome the problems, it is necessary to develop a mine earthquake monitoring device which is not affected by magnetic ores so as to better adapt to the working conditions of coal mining.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a rock burst monitoring device and an early warning system, which have the advantage of being not influenced by magnetic ores.

The rock burst monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a sensor, a fixedly connecting piece and an electric component, wherein the sensor comprises a substrate and a shell, the substrate is connected with the shell to form a detection cavity, a first polar plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the substrate, which faces the detection cavity, and a second polar plate is movably arranged in the detection cavity, and the second polar plate and the first polar plate are oppositely arranged and are not contacted; in a vibration state, the second polar plate can be close to or far away from the first polar plate; the sensor is fixed at a monitoring position by the fixedly connected piece through the substrate; the electrical component is electrically connected with the first polar plate and the second polar plate and can receive signals output by the first polar plate and/or the second polar plate.

According to the rock burst monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the distance between the first polar plate and the second polar plate can be changed due to the influence of the rock burst, and the intensity and the frequency of the rock burst can be indicated by utilizing the distance change between the first polar plate and the second polar plate and the electric signal generated by the change, so that the defect that the traditional monitoring equipment is easily influenced by magnetic ores is overcome.

In some embodiments, the second plate is connected to the housing via a resilient member.

In some embodiments, a balancing weight is further disposed in the detection cavity, the balancing weight is connected with the housing through the elastic element, and the second pole plate is fixedly installed on one side of the balancing weight, which faces the first pole plate.

In some embodiments, the shell comprises a fixed shell and an end cover which are connected in a sealing way, the second polar plate is movably connected with the inner side wall of the fixed shell or the end cover, and the end cover and the substrate are respectively positioned at two ends of the fixed shell in the first direction.

In some embodiments, the fixing shell is in threaded connection with the end cover, and a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the fixing shell and the end cover;

and/or, the fixing shell is in interference fit with the substrate.

In some embodiments, the inner sidewall portion of the stationary housing is raised and forms a ledge, and the second plate is connected to the inner sidewall of the stationary housing via the ledge.

In some embodiments, the electrical component includes a circuit board, a battery, and a wire, the circuit board and the battery being fixedly mounted on the end cap, the wire connecting the circuit board and the second pole plate.

In some embodiments, the electrical component further comprises a cable connected to the circuit board, a sealing joint is installed on the end cover in a penetrating manner, and the cable extends out of the detection cavity through the sealing joint.

In some embodiments, a bracket is mounted on a side of the end cover facing the detection cavity, and the circuit board is connected with the end cover through the bracket;

And/or a power supply groove is arranged on one side of the end cover facing the detection cavity, and the battery is connected with the end cover through the power supply groove;

And/or the end cover is provided with a through hole in a penetrating way, and the switch positioned outside the end cover is connected with the battery through a wire penetrating through the through hole and controls the on-off of the battery.

The early warning system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises any rock burst monitoring device.

According to the early warning system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the rock burst monitoring device can be used for monitoring the rock burst intensity and frequency, so that the influence of magnetic ore on the precision of monitoring equipment is effectively overcome, the detection precision of the equipment is improved, the early warning system can obtain more accurate rock burst information, and the coal rock burst can be more comprehensively analyzed.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation location of a rock burst monitoring device in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rock burst monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional schematic view of an rock burst monitoring device in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal wiring of an rock burst monitoring device in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6 is a radial cross-sectional view of a rock burst monitoring device in an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

1. A substrate; 2. a first plate; 3. a second polar plate; 4. a fixed connection piece; 5. an electric component; 51. a circuit board; 52. a battery; 53. a cable; 6. an elastic member; 7. balancing weight; 8. a fixed case; 81. a lug; 9. an end cap; 91. sealing the joint; 92. a bracket; 93. a power supply slot; 94. a through hole; 10. a seal ring; 11. and (3) a switch.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

The following describes a rock burst monitoring device and an early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 6.

The embodiment of the invention provides a rock burst monitoring device, which is shown in figures 1-6.

The rock burst monitoring device mainly comprises three parts, namely a sensor, a fixedly connecting piece 4 and an electric piece 5, wherein the sensor can be fixed at a position needing rock burst monitoring (such as a coal mine needing rock burst monitoring) through the fixedly connecting piece 4, and the sensor is shown in fig. 1.

The overall structure of the sensor is shown in fig. 2, and is similar to a columnar structure, comprising a base 1 and a shell, wherein a fixing member 4 can be connected with the sensor through a part of the base 1. The substrate 1 and the shell in the sensor are connected to form a relatively closed detection cavity, wherein a first polar plate 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of the substrate 1 facing the detection cavity, a second polar plate 3 is movably arranged in the detection cavity, and the second polar plate 3 and the first polar plate 2 are oppositely arranged and are not contacted; in the vibration state, the second polar plate 3 can be close to or far away from the first polar plate 2; the electrical member 5 is electrically connected to the first plate 2 and the second plate 3 and is capable of receiving signals output at the first plate 2 and/or the second plate 3.

When rock burst occurs, the second plate 3 in the rock burst monitoring device can shake and approach or separate from the first plate 2, at this time, the distance between the first plate 2 and the second plate 3 changes, and the sensor can indicate the intensity and frequency of the rock burst by using the change of the distance between the first plate 2 and the second plate 3 and the electric signal generated by the change, so that the defect that the traditional monitoring equipment is easily affected by magnetic ore is overcome.

In order to ensure that an electrical signal change can occur and the signal change can be output when a relative displacement occurs between the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3, the electrical component 5 can receive the signal output by the first electrode plate 2 and/or the second electrode plate 3, and can supply power to the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3, and a structure capable of transmitting the signal to the outside of the sensor, such as a cable 53 and/or a wireless communication device, is arranged on the electrical component 5.

It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the fixing member 4 is a screw, and the base 1 is fixed on the wall of the coal block to be monitored by the screw. When the coal mine generates rock burst and vibrates, vibration energy is transmitted to the sensor through the screw, and at the moment, the sensor can monitor vibration signals. In order to ensure accurate monitoring results, at least one rock burst monitoring device is arranged on the wall of the coal block at intervals.

The first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3 are both sheet structures made of conductive materials, such as copper or silver.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3 are parallel to each other.

In some embodiments, the second polar plate 3 movably installed in the detection cavity may be connected to the substrate 1 through the elastic member 6, and the elastic members 6 may be two and symmetrically arranged. One end of the elastic member 6 is connected to the second pole plate 3, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the substrate 1 so that the second pole plate 3 is located just above the first pole plate 2.

Or in some embodiments, the second polar plate 3 movably installed in the detection cavity is connected with the shell through the elastic piece 6, and at this time, the second polar plate 3 is suspended above the first polar plate 2 through the elastic piece 6, as shown in fig. 4.

The elastic members 6 are all of spring structures.

Specifically, the detection cavity is also internally provided with a balancing weight 7, the balancing weight 7 is connected with the shell through an elastic piece 6, and the second pole plate 3 is fixedly arranged on one side, facing the first pole plate 2, of the balancing weight 7.

Under the action of rock burst (namely under the action of external force), the balancing weight 7 can shake and change the relative position of the balancing weight 7 in the detection cavity under the inertia action of a spring, and the second pole plate 3 positioned on the balancing weight 7 can act along with the balancing weight and change the position; at this time, the first electrode plate 2 on the substrate 1 will remain fixed relative to the substrate 1 and the detection chamber and vibrate synchronously with the substrate 1, and the distance between the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3 will change. The electrical component 5 is able to receive the electrical signal resulting from the above variations and to analyze the intensity and frequency of the rock burst based thereon.

In the energized state, the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3 form a capacitor.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the second electrode plate 3 is connected to the electrical component 5 through a wire, and the electrical component 5 can analyze and process the received signal, and transmit the signal to other external devices through a wire or a wireless communication device for further analysis or visualization processing. The external device is an analysis device with a processor, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

When the monitoring device detects the rock burst, the shock wave is transmitted to the sensor and causes the sensor to vibrate, at this time the first polar plate 2 attached to the base 1 vibrates together with the shock, while the second polar plate 3 attached to the counterweight 7 remains relatively stationary under the action of the spring, and the distance between the two polar plates decreases. According to the calculation formula of the capacitance:

C＝εs/4πkd

Wherein epsilon is the dielectric constant, s is the facing area of the polar plates, k is the electrostatic force constant, and d is the distance between the first polar plate and the second polar plate. As the distance between the two plates decreases, the capacitance C increases.

Therefore, when the rock burst occurs, the elastic member 6 generates a damping vibration with gradually decreasing vibration amplitude under the action of any shock wave until the damping vibration stops, and at this time, the distance d (shown in fig. 5) between the first polar plate 2 and the second polar plate 3 generates a fluctuation with gradually changing amplitude along with the damping vibration, so that a set of capacitance values along with the damping vibration can be measured at the electric member 5.

With this monitoring device, the monitoring of the frequency of the impact ground can be achieved by measuring the change in capacitance value. The greater the change in distance between the plates when the rock burst is stronger, this results in a greater amount of change in capacitance. Therefore, the variation of the maximum value of the capacitance can reflect the intensity of the rock burst, and the variation and the intensity of the rock burst are in direct proportion. Therefore, the frequency of occurrence of rock burst is judged by monitoring the number of times of change of the capacitance value, and the intensity of the rock burst is roughly judged according to the maximum change amount of the capacitance value.

The weight 7 described above can thus help to increase the sensitivity of the monitoring device by increasing the weight.

Specifically, the first electrode plate 2 and the second electrode plate 3 may be fixed on the base 1 and the counterweight 7 respectively by adhesion.

The structure of the above-described case will be specifically described below.

In some embodiments, the housing may be a unitary structure or a split structure. The housing of the integral structure has better sealing performance, and can be firmly connected with the substrate 1 through the structures such as screws, but the installation difficulty of each component can be improved to a certain extent.

In order to reduce the installation difficulty of the rock burst monitoring device, in some embodiments, the casing is provided as a split structure, and includes a fixed casing 8 and an end cover 9 that are connected in a sealing manner, wherein the second pole plate 3 is movably connected with the inner side wall of the fixed casing 8 or the end cover 9, and the end cover 9 and the substrate 1 are respectively located at two ends of the fixed casing 8 in the first direction.

Specifically, the end cover 9 is a waterproof end cover 9, as shown in fig. 4, the fixing case 8 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the first direction refers to the axial direction of the fixing case 8, that is, the end cover 9 and the base 1 are respectively mounted at two ends of the fixing case 8 in the axial direction, the second pole plate 3 is mounted in the fixing case 8, and the electrical component 5 is mounted on the end cover 9.

In order to avoid the elastic member 6 being affected by the inner wall of the fixing case 8 when moving and to facilitate the installation of the elastic member 6, in some embodiments, the inner wall portion of the fixing case 8 is protruded and formed with a lug 81, and the second pole plate 3 is connected to the inner wall of the fixing case 8 via the lug 81, as shown in fig. 4.

Specifically, the number of the lugs 81 is two and symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the fixing case 8.

To ensure that the fixing case 8 and the end cap 9 can be connected in a sealing manner, in some embodiments, the fixing case 8 and the end cap 9 are connected in a threaded manner, and a sealing ring 10 is provided at the connection portion of the fixing case 8 and the end cap 9, as shown in fig. 4, the sealing ring 10 helps to improve the waterproof effect of the case.

In order to ensure a sealing connection between the fixing shell 8 and the substrate 1, in some embodiments, the fixing shell 8 and the substrate 1 are in interference fit, and the fixing shell 8 and the substrate 1 can be fixedly connected together through bolts or the like, and an O-ring structure is further installed at the connection position.

In some embodiments, the electrical component 5 includes a circuit board 51, a battery 52, and wires, wherein the circuit board 51 and the battery 52 are fixedly mounted on the end cap 9, and the wires connect the circuit board 51 and the second pole plate 3, as shown in fig. 6 (the wire structure is not depicted in the drawing).

In some embodiments, the electrical component 5 further includes a cable 53 connected to the circuit board 51, and the end cover 9 is provided with a sealing joint 91 therethrough, and the cable 53 extends out of the detection cavity through the sealing joint 91.

The sealing joint 91 is a waterproof joint with a good waterproof effect, and an O-ring is installed at the joint of the waterproof joint and the end cover 9, so that the waterproof sealing treatment of the joint surface of the waterproof joint and the end cover 9 can be realized.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, a bracket 92 is mounted on the side of the end cap 9 facing the detection chamber, and the circuit board 51 is connected to the end cap 9 via the bracket 92; and/or, a power supply groove 93 is arranged on one side of the end cover 9 facing the detection cavity, and the battery 52 is connected with the end cover 9 through the power supply groove 93; and/or the end cover 9 is provided with a through hole 94 in a penetrating way, and the switch 11 positioned outside the end cover 9 is connected with the battery 52 through a wire penetrating through the through hole 94 and controls the on-off of the battery 52.

Specifically, the bracket 92 has a square columnar structure, and the bracket 92 may be adhered to the inner side of the end cover 9, or may be integrally formed with the end cover 9, and the circuit board 51 is fixed in the detection chamber through the bracket 92, and may be electrically connected to the waterproof connector, the battery 52, the second pole plate 3, and the like through the wires, the cable 53, and the like.

In use, the on-off of the power supply can be controlled by a switch 11 located outside the end cap 9. When the power is on, the battery 52 can supply power to the circuit board 51 and the polar plates through the wires, and meanwhile, the circuit board 51 can receive signals at the base plate, process the signals and convert the signals into electric signals, and output the electric signals out of the finger sensor through the cable 53, other wireless communication equipment and the like.

The wireless communication device may be a wireless signal communication manner disclosed in the prior art such as bluetooth communication and 5G communication, and will not be described herein.

It can be appreciated that the rock burst monitoring device provided by the embodiment can overcome the problem that the traditional monitoring device is easily affected by magnetic minerals, can be better suitable for coal mine environments with more magnetic minerals, and can monitor rock burst aiming at the coal mine environments.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an early warning system which comprises the rock burst monitoring device.

The early warning system also comprises a data processing center positioned outside the coal mine, wherein the data processing center can be electrically connected with the rock burst monitoring device and can receive and analyze the electric signals output by the rock burst monitoring device so as to predict the rock burst of the coal mine. The data processing center is a device with data analysis processing capability, including a PLC singlechip and the like, and the device is in the prior art and is not described herein.

It can be appreciated that the early warning system provided by the embodiment of the invention can monitor the rock burst strength and the frequency by utilizing the rock burst monitoring device, effectively overcomes the influence of magnetic ore on the precision of monitoring equipment, improves the detection precision of the equipment, enables the early warning system to obtain more accurate rock burst information and can analyze the rock burst of coal blocks more comprehensively.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A rock burst monitoring device, comprising:

The sensor comprises a substrate (1) and a shell, wherein the substrate (1) is connected with the shell to form a detection cavity, a first polar plate (2) is fixedly arranged on one side, facing the detection cavity, of the substrate (1), a second polar plate (3) is movably arranged in the detection cavity, and the second polar plate (3) and the first polar plate (2) are oppositely arranged and are not in contact; in a vibration state, the second polar plate (3) can be close to or far away from the first polar plate (2);

A fixed connection piece (4), wherein the fixed connection piece (4) fixes the sensor at a monitoring position through the substrate (1);

And the electric component (5) is electrically connected with the first polar plate (2) and the second polar plate (3) and can receive signals output by the first polar plate (2) and/or the second polar plate (3).

2. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second pole plate (3) is connected to the housing via an elastic member (6).

3. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein a balancing weight (7) is further arranged in the detection cavity, the balancing weight (7) is connected with the shell through the elastic piece (6), and the second polar plate (3) is fixedly installed on one side of the balancing weight (7) facing the first polar plate (2).

4. A rock burst monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the housing comprises a fixed shell (8) and an end cap (9) in sealing connection, the second pole plate (3) being in movable connection with the inner side wall of the fixed shell (8) or the end cap (9), the end cap (9) and the substrate (1) being located at the two ends of the fixed shell (8) in the first direction, respectively.

5. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the fixing shell (8) and the end cap (9) are in threaded connection and a sealing ring (10) is arranged at the connection of the fixing shell (8) and the end cap (9);

And/or the fixing shell (8) is in interference fit with the substrate (1).

6. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner side wall portion of the stationary housing (8) is raised and forms a ledge (81), the second pole plate (3) being connected to the inner side wall of the stationary housing (8) via the ledge (81).

7. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the electrical component (5) comprises a circuit board (51), a battery (52) and a wire, the circuit board (51) and the battery (52) being fixedly mounted on the end cap (9), the wire connecting the circuit board (51) and the second pole plate (3).

8. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the electrical component (5) further comprises a cable (53) connected to the circuit board (51), a sealing joint (91) is installed on the end cover (9) in a penetrating manner, and the cable (53) extends out of the detection cavity through the sealing joint (91).

9. The rock burst monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that the side of the end cap (9) facing the detection chamber is provided with a bracket (92), the circuit board (51) being connected to the end cap (9) via the bracket (92);

And/or, a power supply groove (93) is arranged on one side, facing the detection cavity, of the end cover (9), and the battery (52) is connected with the end cover (9) through the power supply groove (93);

and/or the end cover (9) is provided with a through hole (94) in a penetrating way, and the switch (11) positioned outside the end cover (9) is connected with the battery (52) through a wire penetrating through the through hole (94) and controls the on-off of the battery (52).

10. An early warning system comprising a rock burst monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.