CN118086686A - Refining agent for secondary aluminum and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Refining agent for secondary aluminum and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118086686A CN118086686A CN202410180395.1A CN202410180395A CN118086686A CN 118086686 A CN118086686 A CN 118086686A CN 202410180395 A CN202410180395 A CN 202410180395A CN 118086686 A CN118086686 A CN 118086686A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary aluminum refining, and particularly relates to a refining agent for secondary aluminum and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a refining agent for reclaimed aluminum, which has a structure of coated particles, wherein the raw material composition of an outer coating layer comprises ZnCl 2 and LiCl, and the raw material composition of an inner core comprises Li 2CO3. The outer coating layer is used for adsorbing and dissolving various metal oxides and nonmetallic inclusions in the regenerated aluminum liquid to form relatively large floating slag and sinking slag which are easy to clean, the inner core is used for combining lead slag, silicon slag and iron slag in the sinking slag, and the viscosity of the sinking slag is reduced, so that the sinking slag is easy to clean from the porous ceramic filter plate after being trapped by the porous ceramic filter plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary aluminum refining, and particularly relates to a refining agent for secondary aluminum and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The production process of the regenerated aluminum refers to the following steps: the waste aluminum material or aluminum product is remelted to obtain metal aluminum or aluminum alloy with basically up to the standard performance, and the process is contrary to the original aluminum production process.
The original aluminum production process starts from aluminum ore, and has the advantages that the quality of aluminum or aluminum alloy products is relatively high, and the defect that the energy consumption is high is also quite remarkable. In contrast, although the remelting refining difficulty of the production process of the reclaimed aluminum is high and the upper limit of the product quality is relatively low, the energy consumption is low and the emission is low. Recycled aluminum products are widely used in areas where performance requirements are relatively low, for example: daily necessities, doors and windows, household appliances and other fields.
The existing common secondary aluminum refining method mainly comprises the following steps: a bubble floating method, a refining agent method and a filtering method. Wherein, the above 3 methods are commonly used, namely: adding a refining agent into the regenerated aluminum liquid containing hydrogen, oxygen, metal oxide and nonmetallic inclusion, introducing inert gas, allowing the hydrogen and the oxygen to escape together with the inert gas, adsorbing and dissolving impurities in the aluminum liquid by the refining agent to form slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, and finally, salvaging and removing the slag.
However, at the same time, after a small amount of other impurities in the aluminum liquid are combined with the refining agent, the floating slag is formed, but the sinking slag is formed, and the sinking slag can only be removed by a filtering device, wherein the common filtering device is a porous ceramic filter plate.
Generally, the floating slag mainly consists of: sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide, and the above-mentioned bottom slag is mainly: lead slag, silicon slag and iron slag.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN111424186A and publication No. 2020.07.17 disclose a high-efficiency composite refining agent for regenerated aluminum melt, which comprises a impurity removing component and a refining component, wherein the impurity removing component accounts for 70-95% of the total weight, and the refining component accounts for 5-30% of the total weight. The components are evenly mixed, put into a melting furnace for smelting, the melting materials are condensed to room temperature and then are broken, and the high-efficiency composite refining agent is obtained after sieving and vacuum sealing of the powder and granule materials.
The application method and the advantages of the efficient composite refining agent in the invention are as follows: the method comprises the steps of pretreating the regenerated aluminum, placing the pretreated regenerated aluminum into a smelting furnace for preheating and drying, continuously heating until the regenerated aluminum is completely melted, adding the refining agent, adjusting the flow of refining gas, removing impurities, refining, stirring, skimming, standing, detecting components, adjusting, adding the regenerated aluminum melt meeting target components into an Al-10Sr alloy for refining, modifying and refining, and casting to obtain the target aluminum alloy product when the temperature reaches 680-720 ℃, so that the content of impurity elements can be effectively reduced, the quality-keeping regeneration cost is reduced, and the quality and performance of the regenerated aluminum alloy product are improved.
However, the high-efficiency composite refining agent has at least the following defects in the actual use process, and is also the technical problem to be solved by the invention, namely:
The sediment produced after the aluminum liquid is put into the ceramic filter plate has larger viscosity, so the sediment is easy to be stuck on the ceramic filter plate when being filtered and removed on the ceramic filter plate, thereby bringing great difficulty to the cleaning operation of the ceramic filter plate and finally reducing the efficiency of the whole regenerated aluminum production process.
Therefore, in summary, a novel refining agent product with sufficient deslagging effect and proper viscosity reduction of the sediment slag is needed, so that the novel refining agent product can be used in various secondary aluminum production processes, and the ceramic filter plate can be used for a long time and efficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a refining agent for reclaimed aluminum, which has a structure of coated particles, wherein the raw material composition of an outer coating layer comprises ZnCl 2 and LiCl, and the raw material composition of an inner core comprises Li 2CO3. The outer coating layer is used for adsorbing and dissolving various metal oxides and nonmetallic inclusions in the regenerated aluminum liquid to form relatively large floating slag and sinking slag which are easy to clean, the inner core is used for combining lead slag, silicon slag and iron slag in the sinking slag, and the viscosity of the sinking slag is reduced, so that the sinking slag is easy to clean from the porous ceramic filter plate after being trapped by the porous ceramic filter plate.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the refining agent for the secondary aluminum, which sequentially comprises the steps of batching, coating, crushing and screening, so that the outer coating raw material is ensured to be singly melted and then coated on the inner core raw material, and the inner core raw material can be in post-effect instead of entering the floating slag and/or the sinking slag.
The invention adopts the technical proposal that: a refining agent for regenerated aluminum is structurally coated particles, wherein the raw material composition of an outer coating layer comprises ZnCl 2 and LiCl, and the raw material composition of an inner core comprises Li 2CO3.
In the invention, the raw materials of the outer coating layer comprise various chloride salts, and the principle of the raw materials serving as a refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum is as follows:
The chloride salt has strong wetting ability on alumina inclusions and oxide films (the films comprise sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, silicon dioxide, lead and other impurities) on the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the specific gravity is smaller than that of the aluminum liquid, so that the chloride salt can be well spread on the surface of the aluminum liquid, the oxide films are crushed and adsorbed, and then massive slag materials, namely floating slag materials and sinking slag materials, are formed.
In addition, li 2CO3 can react with silica in the ground slag to form lithium silicate, thereby reducing the viscosity of the ground slag. Among them, silica is mainly distributed in the bottom slag due to its greater affinity to iron, while it is distributed in small amounts in the floating slag.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the raw material composition of the outer coating layer also comprises any one or a mixture of two of Na 3AIF6 and CaF 2.
In the present invention, the actions of both Na 3AIF6 and CaF 2 are the same and different.
The same is characterized in that: both are fluoride salts, can decompose and adsorb the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum liquid, and further form massive slag, and have the function similar to that of the chloride salts.
But differ in that: the Na 3AIF6 can also reduce the interface wettability between the slag and the aluminum liquid, promote the separation of the slag and the aluminum liquid, and avoid bringing a large amount of aluminum liquid during the separation of the slag;
CaF 2 can also increase the surface tension of the refining agent for the secondary aluminum, so that the slag is spherical in shape, is convenient to separate from the aluminum liquid, and achieves the effect of reducing the loss of the aluminum liquid like Na 3AIF6 through the change of the slag in shape.
Thus, na 3AIF6 and CaF 2 may be shared in the outer cladding.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the raw material composition of the outer coating layer also comprises any one or a mixture of a plurality of KCl, naCl and NaF.
In the invention, the effects of KCl, naCl and NaF, consistent with ZnCl 2 and LiCl, are used for dissolving and adsorbing metal oxides and nonmetallic inclusions in aluminum liquid.
Different, the 5 salt substances have slightly different dissolving and adsorbing capacities for various metal oxides and nonmetallic inclusions, so that the 5 salt substances can be compounded and used.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the particle size of the coated particles ranges from 0.3mm to 0.5mm.
In the invention, if the particle size of the coated particles is required to be smaller than 0.3mm, the difficulty of the coating production method is greatly increased, and the precision coating effect after the salt is melted at high temperature is difficult to realize by the existing stirring coating process.
If the particle size of the coated particles is larger than 0.5mm, the melting speed of the coated particles in the molten aluminum is too slow, the inner core is more easily and directly wrapped by slag, and the coated particles directly fail, and do not react with silicon dioxide after melting and reduce viscosity.
Wherein the particle diameter parameter refers to equivalent particle diameter, and the shape of the refining agent particle for secondary aluminum is not completely regular sphere.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: the weight of the raw materials of the outer coating layer is 75% or more of the total weight of the raw materials of the coated particles.
In the invention, the main function of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum is still to break oxide films, dissolve and adsorb various aluminum liquid impurities and finally form large slag blocks, so that the former is required to occupy a large part compared with the consumption of the inner core.
A preparation method of a refining agent for reclaimed aluminum, which sequentially comprises the following steps,
S1, proportioning: respectively stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core;
S2, coating: adding the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core into a melting coating machine, and then carrying out heating coating operation to obtain a coating material;
s3, crushing and screening: and (3) crushing and secondarily sieving the coating material in sequence, wherein the sieved material is the final refining agent product for the regenerated aluminum.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: in S2, the coating temperature of the heating coating operation is 650-680 ℃ and the coating time is 15-45min.
In the present invention, the coating temperature is higher than the melting points of ZnCl 2 and LiCl and lower than Li 2CO3. Therefore, znCl 2 and LiCl can be melted in a targeted manner as "liquid materials" required for cladding, and Li 2CO3 as "solid materials" necessary for the cladding structure.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: and S2, carrying out heat preservation operation after the heating coating operation, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation operation is 110-150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.0h, and in the heating coating and heat preservation operation process, the melting coating machine always starts stirring operation, and the stirring rotating speed is 10-75r/min.
In the invention, the heat preservation and stirring operations can further refine the particle size of the coated particles as required, so that the sieving qualification rate is higher, and the coating layer in curing can be uniformly distributed and fully cured, thereby avoiding a large number of cracks and slotted holes in the outer coating layer.
The further preferable technical scheme is as follows: in S3, the upper screen mesh number of the secondary screening operation is 32 meshes, and the lower screen mesh number is 48 meshes.
In the prior art, a 32-mesh screen corresponds to a screening aperture of 0.5mm, a 48-mesh screen corresponds to a screening aperture of 0.3mm, and qualified refining agent particles for secondary aluminum need to be ensured to pass through an upper screen but cannot pass through a lower screen, namely the medium materials in the screens.
The method comprises the steps of blowing the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum into the reclaimed aluminum liquid through inert gas, and then sequentially carrying out slag skimming operation and sediment filtering operation, wherein the sediment filtering operation is carried out on the porous ceramic filter plate.
In the invention, the refining temperature of the regenerated aluminum liquid is more than or equal to 760 ℃ and is higher than the melting point of Li 2CO3, so that the Li 2CO3 is ensured to be fully reacted with silicon dioxide after being melted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the results of the refining effect test of the refining agent for secondary aluminum in each of 4 examples and 2 comparative examples according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description is of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A refining agent for regenerated aluminum is structurally coated particles, wherein the raw material composition of an outer coating layer comprises ZnCl 2 and LiCl, and the raw material composition of an inner core comprises Li 2CO3.
The particle size of the coated particles ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.5mm.
The weight of the raw materials of the outer coating layer is 80% of the total weight of the raw materials of the coated particles.
The preparation method of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum sequentially comprises the following steps of,
S1, proportioning: respectively stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core;
S2, coating: adding the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core into a melting coating machine, and then carrying out heating coating operation to obtain a coating material;
s3, crushing and screening: and (3) crushing and secondarily sieving the coating material in sequence, wherein the sieved material is the final refining agent product for the regenerated aluminum.
In S2, the coating temperature of the heating coating operation is 650 ℃, and the coating time is 20min.
And S2, carrying out heat preservation operation after the heating coating operation, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation operation is 110 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5h, and in the heating coating and heat preservation operation process, the melting coating machine always starts stirring operation, and the stirring rotating speed is 15r/min.
In S3, the upper screen mesh number of the secondary screening operation is 32 meshes, and the lower screen mesh number is 48 meshes.
According to the application method of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum, the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum is firstly blown into reclaimed aluminum liquid through inert gas, then slag skimming operation and sediment filtering operation are sequentially carried out, and the sediment filtering operation is carried out on the porous ceramic filter plate.
Wherein the refining temperature of the regenerated aluminum liquid is 760 ℃.
Example 2
A refining agent for regenerated aluminum is structurally coated particles, wherein the raw material composition of an outer coating layer comprises ZnCl 2, liCl and Na 3AIF6, and the raw material composition of an inner core comprises Li 2CO3.
The particle size of the coated particles ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.5mm.
The weight of the raw materials of the outer coating layer is 85% of the total weight of the raw materials of the coated particles.
The preparation method of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum sequentially comprises the following steps of,
S1, proportioning: respectively stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core;
S2, coating: adding the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core into a melting coating machine, and then carrying out heating coating operation to obtain a coating material;
s3, crushing and screening: and (3) crushing and secondarily sieving the coating material in sequence, wherein the sieved material is the final refining agent product for the regenerated aluminum.
S2, the coating temperature of the heating coating operation is 680 ℃, and the coating time is 20min. In this case, the coated particles are substantially core Li 2CO3 -type coated particles in which the outer coating layer is insufficiently melted, and the insufficiently melted portion is Na 3AIF6, the amount of which is 15wt% or less of the amount of Li 2CO3, and the particle size of which is 20% or less of the particle size of Li 2CO3.
And S2, carrying out heat preservation operation after the heating coating operation, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation operation is 130 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1.0h, and in the heating coating and heat preservation operation process, the melting coating machine always starts stirring operation, and the stirring rotating speed is 40r/min.
In S3, the upper screen mesh number of the secondary screening operation is 32 meshes, and the lower screen mesh number is 48 meshes.
According to the application method of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum, the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum is firstly blown into reclaimed aluminum liquid through inert gas, then slag skimming operation and sediment filtering operation are sequentially carried out, and the sediment filtering operation is carried out on the porous ceramic filter plate.
Wherein the refining temperature of the regenerated aluminum liquid is 800 ℃.
Example 3
A refining agent for regenerated aluminum is structurally coated particles, wherein the raw material composition of an outer coating layer comprises ZnCl 2, liCl and CaF 2, and the raw material composition of an inner core comprises Li 2CO3.
The particle size of the coated particles ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.5mm.
The weight of the raw materials of the outer coating layer is 90% of the total weight of the raw materials of the coated particles.
The preparation method of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum sequentially comprises the following steps of,
S1, proportioning: respectively stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core;
S2, coating: adding the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core into a melting coating machine, and then carrying out heating coating operation to obtain a coating material;
s3, crushing and screening: and (3) crushing and secondarily sieving the coating material in sequence, wherein the sieved material is the final refining agent product for the regenerated aluminum.
In S2, the coating temperature of the heating coating operation is 680 ℃, and the coating time is 40min. In this case, the coated particles are substantially core Li 2CO3 -type coated particles in which the outer coating layer is insufficiently melted, and the insufficiently melted portion is CaF 2, which is used in an amount of 25wt% or less of the amount of Li 2CO3, and the particle size thereof is pulverized to 20% or less of the particle size of Li 2CO3.
And S2, carrying out heat preservation operation after the heating coating operation, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation operation is 140 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1.0h, and in the heating coating and heat preservation operation process, the melting coating machine always starts stirring operation, and the stirring rotating speed is 50r/min.
In S3, the upper screen mesh number of the secondary screening operation is 32 meshes, and the lower screen mesh number is 48 meshes.
According to the application method of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum, the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum is firstly blown into reclaimed aluminum liquid through inert gas, then slag skimming operation and sediment filtering operation are sequentially carried out, and the sediment filtering operation is carried out on the porous ceramic filter plate.
Wherein the refining temperature of the regenerated aluminum liquid is 800 ℃.
Example 4
A refining agent for regenerated aluminum is composed of coated particles, the raw materials of external coating layer comprise ZnCl 2, liCl and NaCl, and the raw materials of inner core comprise Li 2CO3.
The particle size of the coated particles ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.5mm.
The weight of the raw materials of the outer coating layer is 80% of the total weight of the raw materials of the coated particles.
The preparation method of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum sequentially comprises the following steps of,
S1, proportioning: respectively stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core;
S2, coating: adding the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core into a melting coating machine, and then carrying out heating coating operation to obtain a coating material;
s3, crushing and screening: and (3) crushing and secondarily sieving the coating material in sequence, wherein the sieved material is the final refining agent product for the regenerated aluminum.
In S2, the coating temperature of the heating coating operation is 670 ℃, and the coating time is 45min. In this case, the coated particles are substantially core Li 2CO3 type coated particles in which the outer coating layer is insufficiently melted, and the insufficiently melted portion is NaCl, and the amount thereof is 10wt% or less of the amount of Li 2CO3, and the particle size thereof is pulverized to 10% or less of the particle size of Li 2CO3.
And S2, carrying out heat preservation operation after the heating coating operation, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation operation is 150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1.0h, and in the heating coating and heat preservation operation process, the melting coating machine always starts stirring operation, and the stirring rotating speed is 75r/min.
In S3, the upper screen mesh number of the secondary screening operation is 32 meshes, and the lower screen mesh number is 48 meshes.
According to the application method of the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum, the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum is firstly blown into reclaimed aluminum liquid through inert gas, then slag skimming operation and sediment filtering operation are sequentially carried out, and the sediment filtering operation is carried out on the porous ceramic filter plate.
Wherein the refining temperature of the regenerated aluminum liquid is 800 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The refining agent for secondary aluminum in this comparative example was different from example 1 in the following formulation, production and use method:
li 2CO3 was replaced with NaCl as the core of the coated particle.
Comparative example 2
The refining agent for secondary aluminum in this comparative example was different from example 1 in the following formulation, production and use method:
ZnCl 2, liCl and Li 2CO3 are melted together to produce relatively uniform refiner particles, without cladding structure, with a melting temperature of 750 ℃.
Refining action test
In the same regenerative gas aluminum melting furnace, 6 parts of regenerated aluminum liquid with the weight of 10 tons per part are sequentially refined, the 6 refining agents for the regenerated aluminum are respectively added in the proportion of 0.2wt%, argon with the purity of 99.9% is adopted as a current carrying medium, the refining agents are sprayed into the regenerated aluminum liquid, and finally the conventional slag dragging operation and the operation of filtering and intercepting the bottom slag by a porous ceramic filter plate are carried out according to the mode of the prior art, so that the relatively pure refined aluminum liquid is obtained.
The necessary detection and calculation are then carried out on the 7 parameters in fig. 1, and the specific result is shown in fig. 1.
Wherein, the hydrogen content of the regenerated aluminum liquid in the furnace before and after refining is detected on site by adopting an HDA-V hydrogen detector, and the weight of floating slag is directly used for weighing the materials obtained by slag dragging.
Finally, the separation condition and the bonding condition are subjectively judged by professional testers.
Summary of the analysis
The technical scheme differences of the first, 4 examples and 2 comparative examples are mainly as follows: the raw materials of the outer coating layer comprise ZnCl 2 and LiCl, the raw materials of the inner core comprise a coating type particle structure of Li 2CO3, and the special structure can remarkably reduce the viscosity of the sediment on the porous ceramic filter plate, so that the porous ceramic filter plate is convenient to clean, and the effective service life is prolonged.
Second, as can be seen from comparative example 1, although the same coated particle structure, li 2CO3 having a viscosity reducing effect was absent, whereas NaCl had no viscosity reducing effect, so that the sludge in comparative example 1 still stuck relatively largely to the porous ceramic filter plate.
Third, as can be seen from comparative example 2, although the materials were 3 materials including ZnCl 2, liCl and Li 2CO3, the coating type particle structure was no longer adopted, so that most of Li 2CO3 was directly coated with slag, and it was difficult to sufficiently react with silica, so that the viscosity reduction effect was also not significant.
Fourth, as can be seen from examples 2 and 3, although the amounts of Na 3AIF6 and CaF 2 used were relatively small, the contribution to the ease of slag-aluminum liquid separation was very remarkable, and the amount of loss of aluminum liquid due to adhesion of slag could be greatly reduced.
In the fifth, 4 examples and 2 comparative examples, there was no significant difference in the amount of floating slag and the hydrogen removal rate, which means that the general chloride-based refining agent can sufficiently break the oxide film on the surface of the secondary aluminum liquid to be adsorbed and dissolved, thereby forming a large slag, and the gas in the secondary aluminum liquid can be largely escaped and removed after the surface covering film is broken.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. These are all non-inventive modifications which are intended to be protected by the patent laws within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A refining agent for reclaimed aluminum is characterized in that: the coating type particle has a structure that the raw material composition of an outer coating layer comprises ZnCl 2 and LiCl, and the raw material composition of an inner core comprises Li 2CO3.
2. A refining agent for secondary aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw material composition of the outer coating layer also comprises any one or a mixture of two of Na 3AIF6 and CaF 2.
3. A refining agent for secondary aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw material composition of the outer coating layer also comprises any one or a mixture of a plurality of KCl, naCl and NaF.
4. A refining agent for secondary aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of the coated particles ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.5mm.
5. A refining agent for secondary aluminum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight of the raw materials of the outer coating layer is 75% or more of the total weight of the raw materials of the coated particles.
6. A process for producing a refining agent for secondary aluminum as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of,
S1, proportioning: respectively stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core;
S2, coating: adding the raw materials of the outer coating layer and the raw materials of the inner core into a melting coating machine, and then carrying out heating coating operation to obtain a coating material;
s3, crushing and screening: and (3) crushing and secondarily sieving the coating material in sequence, wherein the sieved material is the final refining agent product for the regenerated aluminum.
7. The method for producing a refining agent for secondary aluminum according to claim 6, characterized in that: in S2, the coating temperature of the heating coating operation is 650-680 ℃ and the coating time is 15-45min.
8. The method for producing a refining agent for secondary aluminum according to claim 7, characterized in that: and S2, carrying out heat preservation operation after the heating coating operation, wherein the temperature of the heat preservation operation is 110-150 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.0h, and in the heating coating and heat preservation operation process, the melting coating machine always starts stirring operation, and the stirring rotating speed is 10-75r/min.
9. The method for producing a refining agent for secondary aluminum according to claim 7, characterized in that: in S3, the upper screen mesh number of the secondary screening operation is 32 meshes, and the lower screen mesh number is 48 meshes.
10. A method of using the refining agent for secondary aluminum as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: the refining agent for the reclaimed aluminum is firstly blown into the reclaimed aluminum liquid through inert gas, then slag skimming operation and sediment filtering operation are sequentially carried out, and the sediment filtering operation is carried out on the porous ceramic filter plate.
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