CN118084681A - Method for extracting pentanediamine from pentanediamine catalytic liquid - Google Patents
Method for extracting pentanediamine from pentanediamine catalytic liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN118084681A CN118084681A CN202410121174.7A CN202410121174A CN118084681A CN 118084681 A CN118084681 A CN 118084681A CN 202410121174 A CN202410121174 A CN 202410121174A CN 118084681 A CN118084681 A CN 118084681A
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- pentanediamine
- pentamethylenediamine
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- KJOMYNHMBRNCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCCCC(N)N KJOMYNHMBRNCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FGNLEIGUMSBZQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.NCCCCCN FGNLEIGUMSBZQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 pentylene diamine Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920006118 nylon 56 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VUKOCQOEAISBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1-diamine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CCCCC(N)N VUKOCQOEAISBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RIBFBJHOWKTOGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydrazinylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound NCC(C)NN RIBFBJHOWKTOGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWQYKTQEIQKCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-diaminoheptan-2-one Chemical compound C(C)(=O)CCC(CC)(N)N QWQYKTQEIQKCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019766 L-Lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010048581 Lysine decarboxylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011284 combination treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018977 lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/82—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C209/86—Separation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for extracting pentanediamine from a pentanediamine catalytic solution, which comprises the steps of adding sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide into a pentanediamine salt solution, stirring for desalting reaction, and obtaining an aqueous solution of the pentanediamine after the reaction is finished; adding n-butanol into the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine, stirring and extracting, standing and layering after extracting to obtain an upper n-butanol phase, a lower water phase and an intermediate salt phase; rectifying and purifying the n-butanol phase in a rectifying tower, and respectively collecting n-butanol and pentanediamine. The invention solves the problem of too high salt content of the conversion solution by using an extraction method, realizes that the extraction rate of the pentanediamine reaches more than 99 percent, and finally obtains the polymer grade bio-based pentanediamine with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent by a rectification method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biochemical product purification and separation technologies, and particularly relates to a method for extracting pentanediamine from pentanediamine catalytic liquid.
Background
The 1, 5-pentanediamine, also called 1, 5-diaminopentane, is prepared by catalyzing the decarboxylation of L-lysine by lysine decarboxylase, and has wide application prospect. In agriculture, pentanediamine participates in various physiological processes such as division of plant cells, production of embryos, flowering, fruiting, etc.; in the aspect of medicine, the pentanediamine can be used for hastening parturition, reducing blood sugar and the like; compared with the existing isocyanate synthesized by hexamethylenediamine, the covering effect and the chemical corrosion resistance of the novel isocyanate can be enhanced, the novel isocyanate can be synthesized by the industrial hexamethylenediamine, is more environment-friendly, has wide market prospect of 1, 5-hexamethylenediamine, is similar to hexamethylenediamine, and can be polymerized with diacid to produce nylon 5X (nylon 54, nylon 56 and the like), the performance of the novel isocyanate is comparable with or even surpassed that of classical nylon 66, and the main application fields are fibers (such as clothing, automobile tire cord fabrics, carpets, pipelines and the like) and engineering plastics (such as electronic instrument products, automobile parts and the like). The 1, 5-pentanediamine can be produced by a biological method by taking biomass as a raw material, and the pentanediamine and adipic acid are polymerized to obtain nylon 56, so that the nylon 56 is considered to be a new product most likely to replace or supplement nylon 66 due to good performance. The bio-based nylon 56 is formed by polymerizing adipic acid and pentanediamine, wherein the pentanediamine is prepared by adopting a biological method for fermentation, the percentage of the bio-based can reach 41 percent, and the biological method is used for replacing a petroleum method, so that the nylon industry is changed into a sustainable development industry, and the nylon is a dream of all people.
As the fermentation liquor is a complex multiphase system, which contains unreacted lysine, fermentation byproducts (such as aminopropylenediamine, acetyl-diaminopentane and the like), inorganic ions, microbial cells and fragments thereof, unused culture medium and metabolites, secretion of microorganisms and the like, difficulties are brought to the extraction and refining of the pentylenediamine, and the separation cost is high in the process of separating the pentylenediamine at present. Salt, pigment and protein are removed in the process of preparing the pentanediamine by a biological method, and the inorganic salt can influence the continuity and the efficiency of the subsequent rectification, the appearance of the product can be influenced by the existence of the pigment, the protein is easy to gel, the protein is decomposed at high temperature, and the production cost and the quality of the product are finally influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at a plurality of bottleneck problems of the prior pentylene diamine purification method, the invention provides a method for extracting pentylene diamine from pentylene diamine catalytic liquid, which comprises the steps of desalination, extraction, rectification and purification of pentylene diamine hydrochloride, and has the advantages of simple process flow and equipment, low cost investment, repeated recycling of calcium oxide and n-butanol used in the method, low cost, less environmental pollution and feasible and high-benefit industrialized application prospect compared with the prior pentylene diamine purification technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting pentamethylenediamine from a pentamethylenediamine catalytic liquid, said method comprising the steps of:
1) Adding sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide into the pentanediamine salt solution, stirring to carry out desalination reaction, and obtaining an aqueous solution of pentanediamine after the reaction is finished;
2) Adding n-butanol into the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine, stirring and extracting, standing and layering after extracting to obtain an upper n-butanol phase, a lower water phase and an intermediate salt phase;
3) Rectifying and purifying the n-butanol phase in a rectifying tower, and respectively collecting n-butanol and pentanediamine.
Preferably, in the step 1), sodium hydroxide or calcium oxide or a combination thereof is added in an amount of 0.001-6.5 mol/L to a solution of a salt of pentamethylene diamine in a molar concentration of 0.5-3 mol/L.
Preferably, in the step 1), the desalination reaction is performed by stirring for 4-8 hours at 40-90 ℃ to obtain the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine after the reaction is finished.
Preferably, in the step 2), the volume of n-butanol is 1 to 4 times that of the aqueous solution of pentanediamine.
Preferably, in the step 2), the mixture is extracted for 1 to 3 hours at a temperature of 40 to 90 ℃ with stirring.
Preferably, in the step 3), the rectification conditions are as follows: the pressure is-0.098 Mpa to-0.015 Mpa, the temperature is 50-100 ℃, and the reflux ratio is 1-30.
Preferably, the protein content in the pentanediamine catalytic liquid is 4.5-5.5g/L, the reducing sugar is 8-12 g/L, the pentanediamine hydrochloride is 250g/L, and the inorganic salt is 8-12 g/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention uses cheap sodium hydroxide to replace, optimizes the extraction process to efficiently realize the process route of converting the pentylene diamine salt into the pentylene diamine, solves the problem of overhigh salt content of the conversion solution by an extraction method, realizes the pentylene diamine extraction rate of more than 99 percent, finally obtains the polymer grade bio-pentylene diamine with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent by a rectification means, greatly reduces the cost, can recycle the salt content, and ensures the total yield of the pentylene diamine of more than 99 percent.
(2) The n-butanol extraction is adopted, so that the extraction and desalination process is faster, and the power cost is saved.
(3) The decompression rectification mode can collect n-butanol and pentanediamine fast, the split ratio is optimal, and the cost is further reduced.
(4) In the invention, salt substances in the n-butanol phase and the water phase can be fully separated in the n-butanol extraction step through the combination treatment of the desalting agent and the n-butanol to form an intermediate salt phase, so that salt or other impurities are further separated partially, and the purity of the pentanediamine is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the purification of pentamethylenediamine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a phase diagram of the extracted extract of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
The technical scheme of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of illustration and explanation only, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Equivalent substitutions and corresponding modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
In the examples, the protein content of the pentanediamine catalyst liquid is 4.8g/L, the reducing sugar is 10g/L, the pentanediamine hydrochloride is 2.5mol/L, and the inorganic salt is 10 g/L.
Example 1
1Mol/L sodium hydroxide and 3.3mol/L calcium oxide are added into 1L of pentanediamine salt solution with the molar concentration of 2.5mol/L, half of alkali is added every 1h, alkalization is carried out at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the speed of 100rpm, the reaction is carried out for 5h, the water solution of the pentanediamine is obtained after the reaction is finished, and the alkalization yield of the pentanediamine is 78%.
Example 2
According to the conditions of example 1, 1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 3.3mol/L calcium oxide are added into 1L of a pentanediamine salt solution with the molar concentration of 2.5mol/L, half of alkali is added every 1h, desalination is carried out at 70 ℃ and 100rpm, reaction is carried out for 5h, an aqueous solution of pentanediamine is obtained after the reaction is finished, and the alkalization yield of the pentanediamine is 85%;
Example 3
According to the conditions of example 1, 1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and 3.3mol/L calcium oxide are added into 1L of a solution of a pentanediamine salt with a molar concentration of 2.5mol/L, half of the alkali is added every 1h, desalination is carried out at 90 ℃ and 100rpm, reaction is carried out for 5h, and after the reaction is finished, an aqueous solution of pentanediamine is obtained, and the yield of the pentanediamine in alkalization is 85%.
Example 4
1) 1L of sodium hydroxide with the molar concentration of 2.5mol/L and 3.3mol/L of calcium oxide are added into a solution of the pentanediamine salt, half of alkali is added every 1h, desalination is carried out at 70 ℃ and 100rpm, reaction is carried out for 5h, and after the reaction is finished, an aqueous solution of the pentanediamine is obtained, and the yield of the pentanediamine after alkalization is 85%;
2) N-butanol is added into an aqueous solution (300 g/L) of the pentanediamine, the volume of the n-butanol is 3 times that of the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine, the mixture is stirred and extracted for 2 hours at 40 ℃, and the mixture is left to stand for layering after the extraction, so that an upper n-butanol phase, a lower aqueous phase and an intermediate salt phase are obtained, and the extraction rate of the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine is 80 percent.
Example 5
1) 1L of sodium hydroxide with the molar concentration of 2.5mol/L and 3.3mol/L of calcium oxide are added into a solution of the pentanediamine salt, half of alkali is added every 1h, desalination is carried out at 70 ℃ and 100rpm, reaction is carried out for 5h, and after the reaction is finished, an aqueous solution of the pentanediamine is obtained, and the yield of the pentanediamine after alkalization is 85%;
2) N-butanol is added into an aqueous solution (300 g/L) of the pentanediamine, the volume of the n-butanol is 3 times that of the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine, the mixture is stirred and extracted for 2 hours at 60 ℃, and the mixture is left to stand for layering after the extraction, so that an upper n-butanol phase and a lower aqueous phase, an intermediate salt phase and the extraction rate of the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine are obtained, and the extraction rate of the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine is 90 percent.
Example 6
1) 1L of sodium hydroxide with the molar concentration of 2.5mol/L and 3.3mol/L of calcium oxide are added into a solution of the pentanediamine salt, half of alkali is added every 1h, desalination is carried out at 70 ℃ and 100rpm, reaction is carried out for 5h, and after the reaction is finished, an aqueous solution of the pentanediamine is obtained, and the yield of the pentanediamine after alkalization is 85%;
2) N-butanol is added into an aqueous solution (300 g/L) of the pentanediamine, the volume of the n-butanol is 3 times that of the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine, the mixture is stirred and extracted for 2 hours at 70 ℃, and the mixture is left to stand for layering after the extraction, so that an upper n-butanol phase, a lower aqueous phase and an intermediate salt phase are obtained, and the extraction rate of the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine is 99.5 percent.
Example 7
The n-butanol phase obtained in example 6 was purified by distillation in a rectifying column under the conditions of 50 to 100℃and a reflux ratio of 1:25, respectively collecting n-butanol and pentylene diamine, wherein the total yield of pentylene diamine is more than 99.5%, and the yield of n-butanol is more than 98%.
Example 8
The n-butanol collected in example 7 was recycled for 3 times or more, and the extraction rate of the aqueous solution of pentylene diamine was still 99% or more.
Example 9
Based on example 1, 3mol/L sodium hydroxide is added into 1L of a pentanediamine salt solution with the mol concentration of 2.5mol/L, half of alkali is added every 1h, alkalization is carried out at the temperature of 90 ℃ and the speed of 100rpm, the reaction is carried out for 5h, and after the reaction is finished, the water solution of the pentanediamine is obtained, and the alkalization yield of the pentanediamine is 89%.
Example 10
Based on example 1, 3mol/L calcium oxide was added to 1L of a solution of a pentylene diamine salt having a molar concentration of 2.5mol/L, half of the alkali was added every 1h, alkalization was performed at 90℃and 100rpm, and an aqueous solution of pentylene diamine was obtained after the completion of the reaction, the yield of pentylene diamine alkalization was 97%.
Example 11
Based on example 10, 3mol/L calcium oxide is added into 1L of a pentanediamine salt solution with the molar concentration of 2.5mol/L, half of alkali is added every 1h, 50g of hydrogen peroxide is added every 1h in the alkalization process, alkalization is carried out at the temperature of 90 ℃ and the speed of 100rpm, the reaction is carried out for 2h, an aqueous solution of the pentanediamine is obtained after the reaction is finished, and the alkalization yield of the pentanediamine is 97.5%.
By the embodiment 9 and the embodiment 10, the purpose of desalting is achieved by adding calcium oxide, and the purpose of flocculating the protein of the catalytic liquid is achieved, so that the effect of reducing the residual protein is achieved, and the method is more economical from the aspect of industrialization.
As can be seen from examples 10 and 11, by adding hydrogen peroxide, the dissociation of calcium oxide into hydroxyl ions can be promoted, the substitution rate of pentanediamine hydrochloride for pentanediamine is increased, the Ka value of calcium oxide dissociation is increased, the alkalization time is shortened to 2 hours, the alkalization efficiency is improved, and the production cost is saved.
TABLE 1
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without collision. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims, and the protection scope includes equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this application are also within the scope of the application.
Claims (7)
1. A method for extracting pentamethylenediamine from a pentamethylenediamine catalytic liquid, said method comprising the steps of:
1) Adding sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide into the pentanediamine salt solution, stirring to carry out desalination reaction, and obtaining an aqueous solution of pentanediamine after the reaction is finished;
2) Adding n-butanol into the aqueous solution of the pentanediamine, stirring and extracting, standing and layering after extracting to obtain an upper n-butanol phase, a lower water phase and an intermediate salt phase;
3) Rectifying and purifying the n-butanol phase in a rectifying tower, and respectively collecting n-butanol and pentanediamine.
2. The method for extracting pentamethylenediamine from a pentamethylenediamine catalytic liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), 0.001 to 6.5 mol/L of sodium hydroxide or calcium oxide or a combination thereof is added to a pentamethylenediamine salt solution having a molar concentration of 0.5 to 3 mol/L.
3. The method for extracting pentamethylenediamine from a pentamethylenediamine catalytic liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the reaction is carried out by stirring at 40 to 90 ℃ for 4 to 8 hours to carry out a desalting reaction, and an aqueous solution of pentamethylenediamine is obtained after the completion of the reaction.
4. The method for extracting pentamethylenediamine from a pentamethylenediamine catalytic liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the volume of n-butanol is 1 to 4 times that of an aqueous solution of pentamethylenediamine.
5. The method for extracting pentamethylenediamine from a pentamethylenediamine catalytic liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the extracting is performed at 40 to 90 ℃ with stirring for 1 to 3 hours.
6. The method for extracting pentamethylenediamine from pentamethylenediamine catalytic liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the rectification conditions are: the pressure is-0.098 Mpa to-0.015 Mpa, the temperature is 50-100 ℃, and the reflux ratio is 1-30.
7. The method for extracting pentamethylenediamine from a pentamethylenediamine catalyst solution of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the protein content of the pentamethylenediamine catalyst solution is 4.5 to 5.5g/L, the reducing sugar is 8 to 12 g/L, the pentamethylenediamine hydrochloride is 2.5mol/L, and the inorganic salt is 8 to 12 g/L.
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