CN118075760B - Unlicensed spectrum access method and system based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi - Google Patents
Unlicensed spectrum access method and system based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of signal transmission, in particular to an unlicensed spectrum access method and system based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, a primary user performs beam scanning to acquire an optimal communication direction of a primary base station, and a secondary user performs beam scanning to acquire an optimal communication direction of a secondary base station; s2, the primary user and the secondary user respectively and simultaneously perform LBT spectrum sensing in the respective optimal communication direction, and the sensing result is fed back to the base station so that the base station can conveniently transmit the sensing result to the data center; and S3, the data center formulates an access strategy according to the perception result of the primary user and the perception result of the secondary user. The system comprises a primary user, a primary base station, a secondary user, a secondary base station and a data center, wherein the primary base station and the secondary base station are in communication connection with the data center. The invention can effectively solve the problem of false report and missing report of the frequency spectrum sensing result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of signal transmission, in particular to an unlicensed spectrum access method and system based on coexistence of new-generation radio and WiFi.
Background
With the dramatic increase in wireless terminals and high data traffic services, the demand for spectrum resources is also increasing. In order to meet user demands, unlicensed spectrum is a potentially effective solution, especially unlicensed millimeter wave spectrum, that provides a large amount of contiguous bandwidth. From the perspective of third generation partnership project (3 GPP) standardization, NR-u (New Radio-unlicensed) operation below 7 GHz has been standardized by 3GPP, while the spectrum access standard of NR-u at millimeter wave bandwidths will be addressed in later releases, namely NR Rel-17 and above. However, there are already some Radio Access Technologies (RATs) operating in these frequency bands, such as 802.11b/g/n operating at 2.4GHz, 802.11n/ac operating at 5GHz, and 802.11ad/ay (also known as WiGig) operating at 60 GHz. One of the most critical issues in allowing cellular networks to operate in unlicensed spectrum is to ensure fair and harmonious coexistence with other systems operating in unlicensed frequency bands. For fair coexistence, any wireless access terminals desiring to use unlicensed spectrum (e.g., 5G networks using unlicensed spectrum) must be designed according to the requirements and standards of the respective frequency bands. Thus, a duty cycle mechanism and Listen BeforeTalk (LBT) access mechanism are proposed to address coexistence issues. LBT is a spectrum sharing mechanism by which devices perceive spectrum usage prior to accessing unlicensed spectrum. The busy or idle state of the channel is determined by comparing the received interference to an energy detection threshold.
However, compared to LTE-U/WiFi coexistence, NR-U/WiFi coexistence cannot employ the traditional LBT spectrum sensing mechanism, mainly for the following 3 reasons: (a) One significant feature of millimeter wave communications is beam-based transmission, which allows for facilitating spectrum sharing between primary and secondary systems by beam pointing, traditional LBT relies on base stations to perceive interference through omni-or directional, which is no longer effective in millimeter wave communications. (b) conventional LBT is prone to false positive and false negative problems. (c) When the primary base station, the primary user, the secondary base station and the secondary user are substantially aligned, the conventional LBT technique fails completely when the transmission directions of the primary user and the secondary user are the same, and cannot coexist due to mutual interference, resulting in resource waste and perception failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an unlicensed spectrum access method and system based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi so as to solve the problem that the traditional LBT is easy to misreport and miss.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
An unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi comprises the following steps:
S1, a primary user performs beam scanning to acquire an optimal communication direction of a primary base station, and a secondary user performs beam scanning to acquire an optimal communication direction of a secondary base station;
S2, the primary user simultaneously carries out LBT spectrum sensing in the optimal communication direction of the primary base station, and feeds back a sensing result to the primary base station so that the primary base station can conveniently transmit the sensing result to the data center; the secondary user simultaneously carries out LBT spectrum sensing in the optimal communication direction of the secondary base station and feeds back a sensing result to the secondary base station so that the secondary base station can conveniently transmit the sensing result to the data center;
And S3, the data center formulates an access strategy according to the perception result of the primary user and the perception result of the secondary user.
In the step S3, when the sensing results of the primary user and the secondary user are idle, the formulated access policy is: both the primary and secondary users transmit data at normal power.
In the step S3, when the sensing results of the primary user and the secondary user are all busy, the established access policy is: the primary user transmits data at normal power, and the secondary user does not transmit data; or the primary user increases the power transfer data and the secondary user decreases the power transfer data.
In the step S3, when the primary user 'S sensing result is idle and the secondary user' S sensing result is busy, the formulated access policy is: the primary user transmits data at normal power, and the secondary user does not transmit data; or the primary user transmits data at normal power and the secondary user increases the power to transmit data.
In the step S3, when the primary user 'S sensing result is busy and the secondary user' S sensing result is idle, the formulated access policy is: the primary user transmits data at normal power, and the secondary user does not transmit data; or the primary user increases the power transfer data and the secondary user decreases the power transfer data.
When the perception result of the main user is idle, the main base station transmits RTS with normal power; when the perception result of the main user is busy, the main base station increases the power to send RTS.
When the perception result of the secondary user is idle, the secondary base station transmits RTS with normal power; when the secondary user's perceived result is busy, the secondary base station reduces or increases power to send RTS.
The step of following S3 further comprises: and determining the optimal transmission power of the secondary base station, the optimal transmission power of the primary base station, the optimal interference threshold of the secondary user and the optimal interference threshold of the primary user based on Dinkelbach algorithm.
The unlicensed spectrum access system based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi comprises a main user, a main base station, a secondary user, a secondary base station and a data center, wherein the main base station and the secondary base station are both in communication connection with the data center; wherein,
Beam scanning is carried out between a main user and a main base station so as to acquire the optimal communication direction of the main base station; beam scanning is carried out between the secondary user and the secondary base station so as to acquire the optimal communication direction of the secondary base station;
the primary base station and the secondary base station respectively transmit the sensing results to a data center, and the data center formulates an access strategy according to the sensing results of the primary user and the sensing results of the secondary user.
The data center also determines an optimal transmission power of the secondary base station, an optimal transmission power of the primary base station, an optimal interference threshold of the secondary user, an optimal interference threshold of the primary user based on Dinkelbach algorithm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The optimal communication direction of the base station is obtained through advanced beam scanning, and then spectrum sensing is carried out in the optimal direction, so that false alarm phenomenon generated by omnibearing sensing can be avoided.
2) Compared with the sensing at the base station, the sensing at the user terminal can avoid the false report phenomenon caused by that the base station senses that other users are using the frequency but have different communication directions and do not interfere the users communicating with the user terminal.
3) The primary user and the secondary user cooperatively sense that the primary user can determine whether the frequency is being used by other users and interferes with own communication, and the secondary user can sense whether the frequency is being used by other users and interferes with own communication, so that the phenomenon of missing report caused by sensing of only a single primary user or secondary user is avoided through the cooperative sensing of the primary user and the secondary user.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi provided in an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of spectrum sensing in an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a simulation verification diagram of average power received by a ue under different access policies in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of the new-generation radio and the WiFi provided by the embodiment is realized by depending on an unlicensed spectrum access system based on coexistence of the new-generation radio and the WiFi. Fig. 2 is a flow chart of spectrum sensing, which can also be understood as a scenario diagram of an unlicensed spectrum access system based on the coexistence of new generation radios and WiFi. Referring to fig. 2, the system includes a primary user, a primary base station, a secondary user, a secondary base station, and a data center, where the primary base station and the secondary base station are all communicatively connected to the data center. In the NR-u/WiGig coexistence scenario, the primary user refers to the WiFi original user, i.e., the WiGig user, denoted by WUE, and the secondary user refers to the new generation radio user NR-u, denoted by UE. It is easy to understand that although the industry uses the term user, in the hardware system, the essence refers to a terminal device located at the user side, and the terminal device accesses the communication frequency band for data transmission.
Referring to fig. 1, the unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi includes the steps of:
s1, a primary user performs beam scanning to acquire the optimal communication direction of a primary base station, and a secondary user performs beam scanning to acquire the optimal communication direction of a secondary base station.
In particular, a plurality of directional beam forming vectors (10 in the test example, each angle is 36 degrees) can be set in a 360-degree range, signals are transmitted in a plurality of directions by using the beam forming vectors, the collected data are utilized to analyze signal intensities in different directions, and the antenna orientation with the maximum signal intensity is the optimal communication direction of the base station.
S2, the primary user and the secondary user respectively and simultaneously perform LBT frequency spectrum sensing in the respective optimal communication directions, and respectively feed back respective sensing results to corresponding base stations so that the base stations can conveniently transmit the sensing results to the data center.
Referring to fig. 2, a primary user performs LBT spectrum sensing in an optimal communication direction of a primary base station and feeds back a sensing result to the primary base station, and the primary base station transmits the sensing result to a data center. Meanwhile, the secondary user performs LBT spectrum sensing in the optimal communication direction of the secondary base station, and feeds back a sensing result to the secondary base station, and the secondary base station transmits the sensing result to the data center.
In the method, the optimal communication direction of the base station is obtained through advanced beam scanning, and then spectrum sensing is carried out on the optimal direction, so that false report phenomenon generated by omnibearing sensing can be avoided.
In addition, compared with the sensing at the base station, the sensing at the user terminal can avoid the false alarm phenomenon caused by that the base station senses that other users use the frequency but have different communication directivities and do not interfere the users communicating with the user terminal.
Meanwhile, the primary user and the secondary user sense cooperatively, the primary user can determine whether the frequency is being used by other users and interferes with own communication, the secondary user can sense whether the frequency is being used by other users and interferes with own communication, and if the primary user and the secondary user sense that the frequency is being used and interfere with own communication, the primary user and the secondary user cannot communicate; if only one of the users (primary or secondary) perceives that the frequency is being used and interferes with itself, the secondary cannot use the frequency. In the method, through the cooperative sensing of the primary user and the secondary user, the phenomenon of missing report caused by the sensing of the primary user or the secondary user only is avoided.
That is, through the above spectrum sensing strategy, frequency use conflicts between the primary user and the secondary user can be effectively avoided, and meanwhile, the problems of false alarm and missed detection are solved.
Referring to fig. 2, a base station and a user perform beam scanning alignment so that the user obtains a communication direction of the base station. In the NR-u/WiGig coexisting system, beam scanning alignment is performed between the user UE and the base station gNB, and beam scanning alignment is performed between the user WUE and the base station WiGig.
In spectrum sensing, a base station sends a reference signal (RTS) to a user direction, requesting spectrum sensing. The user detects energy based on the signal received from the direction of the base station, if the signal is larger than the set threshold value, the direction is interfered, the sensing result is busy, and otherwise, the sensing result is idle. Since UE and WUE perform spectrum sensing simultaneously, there are four possible sensing results: WUE is idle and the UE is idle; WUE is busy and UE is busy; WUE is free and the UE is busy; WUE is busy and UE is idle.
And S3, the data center formulates an access strategy according to the perception result of the primary user and the perception result of the secondary user.
Case 1: the primary user perceives the result as idle and the secondary user perceives the result as idle. In this case, the primary user and the secondary user do not interfere with each other, and the directionality of the beam in millimeter wave communication allows the primary user and the secondary user to transmit simultaneously on the same frequency without interfering with each other. In this case, both the primary and secondary users may transmit data at normal power.
Case 2: the primary user's perceived result is busy and the secondary user's perceived result is busy. In this case, both the primary user and the secondary user receive interference from each other. Here, there are two choices for primary and secondary users: firstly, a primary user transmits data with normal power, and a secondary user does not transmit data so as to ensure the priority and the receiving quality of the primary user; another option is that the primary user increases the power transfer data and the secondary user decreases the power transfer data, although this option improves the spectral efficiency, but does not guarantee the communication quality of the secondary user. These two choices are two manifestations of communication system effectiveness and reliability, and the particular choice of which is determined by the designer whether to pay more attention to spectral efficiency or to the quality of communication. The second strategy may be selected in a scenario where the high rate is accompanied by a relatively high error rate margin, and the first strategy may be selected in a scenario where the spectrum resources are relatively relaxed and the reliability and error rate requirements for the communication are high.
Case 3: the primary user perceives the result as idle and the secondary user perceives the result as busy. In this case, the communication of the primary user is not affected by the communication of the secondary user, but the communication of the secondary user is interfered by the communication of the primary user. Here, the primary user and the secondary user also have two options: one is that the primary user transmits data at normal power, the secondary user does not transmit data, meaning that the secondary user does not transmit data when interfered; another option is that the primary user transmits data at normal power, while the secondary user increases the power to transmit data against interference from the primary user's communication, which option may increase spectral efficiency while also guaranteeing the secondary user's communication quality and the primary user is totally undisturbed. The selection criteria for both strategies are similar to case 2.
Case 4: the primary user perceives the result as busy and the secondary user perceives the result as idle. In this case, the communication of the primary user is interfered by the communication of the secondary user, but the communication of the secondary user is not affected by the communication of the primary user. Here too, the system has two options: one is that the primary user transmits data at normal power, and the secondary user does not transmit data, so as to ensure the priority and communication quality of the primary user; another option is that the primary user increases the power transfer data and the secondary user decreases the power transfer data, which may reduce the interference experienced by the primary user and improve the communication quality, but may affect the communication of the secondary user. Similar to the criteria for both choices in cases 1 and 2.
Based on the cooperative spectrum sensing protocol proposed for the NR-u/WiGig coexistence system, the framework structures of gNB and WiGig are shown in tables 1 and 2, respectively.
Table 1: frame structure of main base station
Table 2: framework structure of secondary base station
That is, the primary base station transmits an RTS (REFERENCE TRANSMIT SIGNAL: reference transmit signal), receives a feedback result, broadcasts an unlicensed band occupation duration, transmits the RTS with normal power when the primary user's sensing result is idle, and transmits the RTS with increased power when the primary user's sensing result is busy; the secondary base station sends RTS and receives feedback results, the secondary base station broadcasts the occupied time of the unlicensed frequency band, the secondary base station sends RTS with normal power when the perception result of the secondary user is idle, and the secondary base station reduces or increases the power to send RTS when the perception result of the secondary user is busy.
To verify the validity of the access method presented herein, the complexity of the access method is compared with the existing primary spectrum access policy, and the comparison results are shown in table 3.
Table 3: complexity comparison result of multiple spectrum sensing strategies
K 1 represents the number of beam vectors used for sensing by the transmitting end, M 1 represents the number of beam vectors used for beam scanning, K 2 represents the number of beam vectors used for sensing by the receiving end, and M 2 represents the number of beam vectors used for beam scanning. In the independent directional LBT and the beam training channel access mechanism (IDL-BT), the transmitting end, i.e. the base station and the user end, respectively need to perform beam scanning, and then spectrum sensing. In the joint directed LBT and beam training (JOL-BT) mechanism, the number of vectors for beam training is reduced by over 1/3 of the number of beam-to-link (BPL) by the previous directed LBT due to the joint. In the cooperative beam training and LBT channel access scheme (CO-BT-LBT) presented herein, there is only one perception vector, greatly reducing complexity, since spectrum perception is only done in the best communication direction.
As can be seen from table 3, the joint directional LBT and beam training (JOL-BT) reduces the number of beam-to-link (BPL) by more than 1/3 as compared to the independent directional LBT and beam training channel access mechanism (IDL-BT). This suggests that by increasing the number of antennas, the performance of the mechanism proposed herein can be significantly improved. Furthermore, the cooperative beam training and LBT channel access scheme (CO-BT-LBT) presented herein has minimal complexity. The proposal utilizes the beam directivity of the new generation communication system in principle and only carries out spectrum sensing in the optimal communication direction, thereby avoiding false alarms and avoiding missing reports by the cooperative spectrum sensing of the primary user and the secondary user. Meanwhile, the user perception complexity is greatly reduced because the user perception is only carried out in one direction. However, since the user only perceives in one communication direction, if the perception is busy, the user cannot access, and therefore, in comparison with IDL-BT and JOL-BT mechanisms, no suboptimal direction exists, namely, the optimal direction cannot communicate, and the suboptimal direction is selected for communication, so that the probability of accessing the frequency spectrum is relatively smaller, the average received signal power is relatively smaller, and the problems of complexity, missing report and false alarm are effectively solved. A simulated verification diagram of the average power received by the WUE of the user under different access policies is shown in fig. 3.
For gNB, UE, wiGig, WUE co-linear scenarios, the spectrum sensing strategy presented herein can accurately perceive channel state (idle or occupied) by perfect beamforming (i.e., no side lobes or very little side lobe gain is negligible). However, in the case of imperfect beamforming, i.e., strong side lobes, even if the communication directions of the gNB and WiGig systems are opposite, mutual interference exceeds the interference tolerance threshold of each other due to the action of the strong side lobes, so that unlicensed spectrum cannot be accessed simultaneously. In this case, the signal-to-noise-and-interference ratio (SINR) of the UE and the WUE can be derived by the following expressions:
；；
；
；
；
。
Parameters P 1 and P 2 represent transmission power, also called transmit power, of gNB and WiGig, respectively, channel parameters H bs,ue、Hbs,wue represent channel power gain from gNB to UE, channel power gain from gNB to WUE, respectively, and H wg,ue、Hwg,wue represents channel power gain from WiGig to UE, channel power gain from WiGig to WUE, respectively. G t,bs,m、Gr,ue,m、Gt,wg,s、Gt,wg,m、Gr,wue,m、Gt,bs,s represents the main lobe gain of base station gNB, the main lobe gain of user UE, the side lobe gain of base station WiGig end beam forming, the main lobe gain of user WUE end beam forming, and the side lobe gain of base station gNB end beam forming, respectively.
At the transmitting end or the receiving end, the antenna gain can be expressed as:
(1)
g x,y,z denotes the gain of what antenna, G ele denotes the gain of each antenna, and N denotes the number of antennas. Later, the antenna gain G x,y,z of either the base station or the user is calculated by the above equation (1), wherein 。
The antenna gain loss, which is at ϕ degrees from the desired direction of user u, is expressed as:
(2)
ϕ denotes the angle between the antenna and the desired direction, Indicating the antenna gain loss.
In the LBT procedure, the interference received by the WUE from the gNB is expressed as:
(3)
I denotes interference received by WUE and PL (d) denotes path loss at distance d.
Is a mathematical expression commonly used in communications, and is related to a true numerical value。
In the case of side lobes, where the gNB and WiGig can access unlicensed spectrum simultaneously (where the mutual interference does not exceed the respective interference tolerance threshold, embodied in C1 and C2 of the constraint), the problem of maximizing the total data rate and transmission power of the system can be formulated as:
s.t. represents logic such that C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 are all constraints. 、The interference tolerance threshold of the secondary user and the interference tolerance threshold of the primary user are respectively represented, and P max represents the maximum transmission power.
As can be seen from the above, due to the objective function in the form of a score,Is non-convex. The first constraint C1 ensures that the interference received by the UE is below an interference tolerance thresholdThe second constraint C2 ensures that the interference received by the WUE is below the interference tolerance thresholdConstraints C1 and C2 ensure that both the cellular network and the WiGig system can access the unlicensed spectrum at the same time. The third constraint C3 and the fourth constraint C4 ensure that the transmission powers of the secondary base station gNB and the primary base station WiGig are within the maximum transmission power range. The fifth constraint C5 and the sixth constraint C6 indicate that the interference tolerance thresholds of the UE and WUE are also limited to the maximum transmission power. To solve the above optimization problemIt is necessary to first convert it to a standard convex problem and then use the classical optimization tool CVX to obtain the optimal transmission power.
Optimizing problem in fractional form by applying Dinkelbach methodConverted into a rational expression, can be used forThe method comprises the following steps of:
By analytical derivation, optimization problem AndIs achieved by the following criteria:
Criterion 1: optimal q is equal to If and only if
From the slaveAs can be seen, the objective function and constraint are both related to variablesIs a linear function of (c). Thus, problemsIs convex and can be solved by CVX. Then, the final optimal solution can be obtained through the iteration variable q. For the followingThe optimal transmission power can be obtained by CVX. The proposed iterative algorithm based on Di-Ke-Bach comprises the following steps:
(1) Initializing related parameters including transmission power P 1、P2 of gNB and WiGig, interference tolerance threshold of UE and WUE 、；
(2) Setting maximum transmission power P max and channel parametersAlgorithm convergence threshold; Resolution with CVX；
(3) The q is updated according to the formula,；
(4) If it isThe algorithm ends, otherwise, the value is assignedContinuing iteration;
and after the iteration is finished, the optimal power allocation and interference tolerance threshold value can be obtained. The optimal transmission power of the secondary base station, the optimal transmission power of the primary base station, the optimal interference threshold of the secondary user, the optimal interference threshold of the primary user and the maximized total data rate are respectively represented. The total data rate is the sum of the data rates of the user UE and the user WUE. And the power value and the threshold value corresponding to q are the optimal values of the power value and the threshold value.
By optimizing the transmission power of the secondary base station, the primary base station and the respective optimal interference tolerance threshold, the total data rate of the system can be maximized to the greatest extent in the case that simultaneous access is not possible or is possible. Thus, in a more optimal solution, the foregoing access method may further comprise the step, after S3: the optimal transmission power of the secondary base station, the optimal transmission power of the primary base station, the optimal interference threshold of the secondary user and the optimal interference threshold of the primary user are determined based on Dinkelbach algorithm so as to maximize the total data rate of the new generation radio and WiFi coexisting system.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, a primary user performs beam scanning to acquire an optimal communication direction of a primary base station, and a secondary user performs beam scanning to acquire an optimal communication direction of a secondary base station;
S2, the primary user simultaneously carries out LBT spectrum sensing in the optimal communication direction of the primary base station, and feeds back a sensing result to the primary base station so that the primary base station can conveniently transmit the sensing result to the data center; the secondary user simultaneously carries out LBT spectrum sensing in the optimal communication direction of the secondary base station and feeds back a sensing result to the secondary base station so that the secondary base station can conveniently transmit the sensing result to the data center;
S3, the data center formulates an access strategy according to the perception result of the primary user and the perception result of the secondary user;
the step of following S3 further comprises: determining the optimal transmission power of the secondary base station, the optimal transmission power of the primary base station, the optimal interference threshold of the secondary user and the optimal interference threshold of the primary user based on Dinkelbach algorithm comprises the following steps:
In the case of side lobes, and where the gNB and WiGig can access unlicensed spectrum simultaneously, the problem of maximizing the total data rate and transmission power of the system can be formulated as: ；
；
；
；
；
Channel parameters H bs,ue、Hbs,wue and H wg,ue、Hwg,wue respectively represent a channel power gain from gNB to UE, and a channel power gain from gNB to WUE, respectively; g t,bs,m、Gr,ue,m、Gt,wg,s、Gt,wg,m、Gr,wue,m、Gt,bs,s represents the beam forming main lobe gain of the base station gNB, the beam forming main lobe gain of the user UE, the beam forming side lobe gain of the base station WiGig end, the beam forming main lobe gain of the user WUE end, and the beam forming side lobe gain of the base station gNB end, respectively;
p 1 and P 2 represent the transmission power of gNB and WiGig, respectively, s.t. represents logic such that C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 are all constraints, 、/>Respectively representing an interference tolerance threshold of the secondary user and an interference tolerance threshold of the primary user, and P max represents the maximum transmission power;
optimizing problem in score form by applying Dinkelbach method The conversion to a rational expression is:
By analytical derivation, optimization problem And/>Is achieved by the following criteria:
Criterion 1: optimal q is equal to If and only if
；
The final optimal solution can be obtained through the iteration variable q, and the iterative algorithm based on Dijkeerbach comprises the following steps:
(1) Initializing related parameters including transmission power P 1、P2 of gNB and WiGig, interference tolerance threshold of UE and WUE 、/>；
(2) Setting maximum transmission power P max and channel parametersAlgorithm convergence threshold/>; Resolution with CVX；
(3) The q is updated according to the formula,；
(4) If it isThe algorithm ends, otherwise, assign/>Continuing iteration;
After the iteration is finished, the method can be obtained The optimal transmission power of the secondary base station, the optimal transmission power of the primary base station, the optimal interference threshold of the secondary user, the optimal interference threshold of the primary user and the maximized total data rate are respectively represented.
2. The unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi according to claim 1, wherein in S3, when the sensing results of the primary user and the secondary user are idle, the formulated access policy is: both the primary and secondary users transmit data at normal power.
3. The unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi according to claim 1, wherein in S3, when the sensing results of the primary user and the secondary user are all busy, the formulated access policy is: the primary user transmits data at normal power, and the secondary user does not transmit data; or the primary user increases the power transfer data and the secondary user decreases the power transfer data.
4. The unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi according to claim 1, wherein in S3, when the primary user 'S sensing result is idle and the secondary user' S sensing result is busy, the formulated access policy is: the primary user transmits data at normal power, and the secondary user does not transmit data; or the primary user transmits data at normal power and the secondary user increases the power to transmit data.
5. The unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi according to claim 1, wherein in S3, when the primary user 'S sensing result is busy and the secondary user' S sensing result is idle, the formulated access policy is: the primary user transmits data at normal power, and the secondary user does not transmit data; or the primary user increases the power transfer data and the secondary user decreases the power transfer data.
6. The unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi according to claim 1, wherein when the sensing result of the primary user is idle, the primary base station transmits RTS with normal power; when the primary user's perceived result is busy, the primary base station sends RTS at an elevated power.
7. The unlicensed spectrum access method based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi according to claim 1, wherein when the sensing result of the secondary user is idle, the secondary base station transmits RTS with normal power; when the secondary user's perceived result is busy, the secondary base station transmits an RTS at reduced or increased power.
8. The unlicensed spectrum access system based on coexistence of new generation radio and WiFi is characterized by comprising a primary user, a primary base station, a secondary user, a secondary base station and a data center, wherein the primary base station and the secondary base station are in communication connection with the data center; wherein,
Beam scanning is carried out between a main user and a main base station so as to acquire the optimal communication direction of the main base station; beam scanning is carried out between the secondary user and the secondary base station so as to acquire the optimal communication direction of the secondary base station;
The primary base station and the secondary base station respectively transmit the sensing results to a data center, and the data center formulates an access strategy according to the sensing results of the primary user and the sensing results of the secondary user;
The data center also determines an optimal transmission power of the secondary base station, an optimal transmission power of the primary base station, an optimal interference threshold for the secondary user, an optimal interference threshold for the primary user based on Dinkelbach algorithm, including: in the case of side lobes, and where the gNB and WiGig can access unlicensed spectrum simultaneously, the problem of maximizing the total data rate and transmission power of the system can be formulated as:
；
；
；
；
；
Channel parameters H bs,ue、Hbs,wue and H wg,ue、Hwg,wue respectively represent a channel power gain from gNB to UE, and a channel power gain from gNB to WUE, respectively; g t,bs,m、Gr,ue,m、Gt,wg,s、Gt,wg,m、Gr,wue,m、Gt,bs,s represents the beam forming main lobe gain of the base station gNB, the beam forming main lobe gain of the user UE, the beam forming side lobe gain of the base station WiGig end, the beam forming main lobe gain of the user WUE end, and the beam forming side lobe gain of the base station gNB end, respectively;
p 1 and P 2 represent the transmission power of gNB and WiGig, respectively, s.t. represents logic such that C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 are all constraints, 、/>Respectively representing an interference tolerance threshold of the secondary user and an interference tolerance threshold of the primary user, and P max represents the maximum transmission power;
optimizing problem in score form by applying Dinkelbach method The conversion to a rational expression is:
By analytical derivation, optimization problem And/>Is achieved by the following criteria:
Criterion 1: optimal q is equal to If and only if
；
The final optimal solution can be obtained through the iteration variable q, and the iterative algorithm based on Dijkeerbach comprises the following steps:
(1) Initializing related parameters including transmission power P 1、P2 of gNB and WiGig, interference tolerance threshold of UE and WUE 、/>；
(2) Setting maximum transmission power P max and channel parametersAlgorithm convergence threshold/>; Resolution with CVX；
(3) The q is updated according to the formula,；
(4) If it isThe algorithm ends, otherwise, assign/>Continuing iteration;
After the iteration is finished, the method can be obtained The optimal transmission power of the secondary base station, the optimal transmission power of the primary base station, the optimal interference threshold of the secondary user, the optimal interference threshold of the primary user and the maximized total data rate are respectively represented.
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