CN118074647A - Common-mode capacitor and application thereof in EMC filter - Google Patents
Common-mode capacitor and application thereof in EMC filter Download PDFInfo
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- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
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- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of capacitors, and discloses a common-mode capacitor, which comprises: a first electrode a, a second electrode B, a first shielding electrode G1, and a second shielding electrode G2; the positive electrode of the input signal is connected with the first electrode A, the negative electrode of the input signal is connected with the second electrode B, the first shielding electrode G1 is connected with the second shielding electrode G2, and the connection point of the first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 is connected to the ground GND; capacitors are respectively connected in series between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that a common mode filtering path is formed; when the common mode interference signal appears, the voltage change caused by the common mode interference signal causes the formed current to flow to the ground GND through the capacitive coupling effect between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that the influence of the interference signal on the circuit is reduced, and the common mode interference is effectively restrained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of capacitors, in particular to a common mode capacitor and application thereof in an EMC filter.
Background
In electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems, control of noise and interference is of paramount importance. In general we discuss common mode noise and common mode interference, which type of interference involves interference between two lines of a circuit (typically power or signal lines) and a reference ground (typically ground). To suppress this interference, a common solution is to use common mode inductance. Common mode inductances can provide high impedance to common mode interference with less impact on differential mode signals, making them a common choice for power supply inputs and signal inputs/outputs.
However, common mode inductances also have their limitations. Since they are based on ferrite cores, their impedance characteristics may vary greatly under different through-flow conditions, especially in the high frequency region (e.g. tens of MHz), and their noise suppressing effect may be greatly reduced when the inductor is in the rated through-flow condition, because under the high-flow condition, the core enters into a saturated state, which may result in a decrease in the effectiveness of the inductor.
These limitations indicate that for EMC filters, relying on common mode inductance alone is not sufficient to meet increasingly stringent electromagnetic compatibility requirements.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a common mode capacitance and its application in EMC filters.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a common mode capacitor and its application in EMC filters to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A common mode capacitor comprising: a first electrode a, a second electrode B, a first shielding electrode G1, and a second shielding electrode G2;
The positive electrode of the input signal is connected with the first electrode A, the negative electrode of the input signal is connected with the second electrode B, the first shielding electrode G1 is connected with the second shielding electrode G2, and the connection point of the first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 is connected to the ground GND;
Capacitors are respectively connected in series between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that a common mode filtering path is formed;
When the common mode interference signal appears, the voltage change caused by the common mode interference signal causes the formed current to flow to the ground GND through the capacitive coupling effect between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that the influence of the interference signal on the circuit is reduced, and the common mode interference is effectively restrained.
When a differential mode signal is generated between the first electrode A and the second electrode B, the differential mode signal is transmitted through a main path of the circuit, and high-frequency differential mode noise is transmitted in a bypass mode through a capacitor between the first electrode A and the second electrode B, so that current leading to the ground GND is not generated, the integrity of signal transmission is ensured, and the influence of the differential mode noise is reduced.
When a differential mode signal is generated between the first electrode A and the second electrode B, a current leading to the ground GND is not generated, and the differential mode signal is normally transmitted through the capacitor.
At least one dielectric layer is arranged between the first electrode A and the second electrode B, and a required capacitance value is provided through the dielectric of the dielectric layer and the first electrode A and the second electrode B are isolated;
The first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 have the same geometry and dimensions to ensure uniform distribution of the current generated under common mode interference.
The first electrode A and the second electrode B are formed by dielectric stacking layers, and the dielectric stacking layers are stacked according to the corresponding sequence and thickness to realize the filtering or slowing down of common-mode interference signals.
Wherein the dielectric stack layer comprises: a first dielectric layer comprising a first zirconium oxide layer, a first zirconium silicon oxide layer; a second zirconia layer disposed between the first zirconia layer and the first zirconium silicon oxide layer; and a silicon oxide layer disposed between the first zirconia layer and the second zirconia layer.
Wherein, application of a common mode capacitance in EMC filter, EMC filter includes: the device comprises a common mode capacitor, a differential mode capacitor and a filtering control module;
The input end of the common mode capacitor is electrically connected with the input end of the power line, and the output end of the common mode capacitor is electrically connected with the input end of the load equipment; the input end of the differential mode capacitor is electrically connected with the output end of the common mode capacitor, and the output end is electrically connected with the input end of the load equipment; the control signal input end of the filtering control module is connected with the control signal output ends of the common mode capacitor and the differential mode capacitor; the filter characteristic adjusting signal output end of the filter control module is connected with the adjusting end of the common mode capacitor; the filtering control module obtains a filtering effect feedback signal through a filtering characteristic detection circuit.
The common mode capacitor is used for providing a filtering function of high-frequency common mode noise, and noise signals in a specific frequency range are suppressed by selecting corresponding capacitance values.
The filtering control module comprises a microprocessor and a digital-to-analog converter;
The microprocessor is used for calculating a filtering characteristic adjusting signal according to the filtering effect feedback signal, converting the filtering characteristic adjusting signal into an analog signal through the digital-analog converter so as to adjust the capacitance value of the common-mode capacitor, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the filter so as to adapt to different noise environments and ensure that the filter has high-frequency filtering characteristics;
wherein, calculate the filter characteristic adjustment signal according to the filtering effect feedback signal, include:
the microprocessor receives a filtering effect feedback signal from the filtering circuit, wherein the filtering effect feedback signal represents the performance and the working state of the current filtering circuit;
Based on a preset signal analysis template, the microprocessor analyzes the received filtering effect feedback signal to determine the current performance index of the filtering circuit, wherein the current performance index comprises the amplitude, the frequency, the phase and the noise level of the signal;
According to the analysis result, the microprocessor evaluates the performance of the filter circuit and judges whether adjustment is needed so as to ensure that the filter effect accords with a preset performance standard;
If adjustment is needed, the microprocessor calculates a filter characteristic adjusting signal according to an analysis result of the filter effect feedback signal and a preset adjusting algorithm, wherein the filter characteristic adjusting signal aims at optimizing the performance of the filter circuit so as to improve the filter effect;
the microprocessor converts the calculated filter characteristic regulating signal from a digital form to an analog signal through a built-in or externally connected digital-analog converter;
outputting the converted analog filter characteristic adjusting signal for adjusting the capacitance value of the common mode capacitor;
the common mode capacitor receiving the analog filter characteristic adjusting signal adjusts a corresponding capacitance value according to the signal so as to change the characteristic of the filter circuit, thereby realizing optimization and control of the filter effect.
The filtering control module obtains a filtering effect feedback signal through a filtering characteristic detection circuit, and the filtering control module comprises:
monitoring and analyzing the output signal of the filter circuit in real time through a filter characteristic detection circuit to determine the current filter effect;
Acquiring a feedback signal about the filtering effect from the filtering characteristic detection circuit, wherein the feedback signal comprises key information of the performance of the filtering circuit, and the key information comprises parameters of filtering frequency, amplitude variation and phase difference;
Dynamically adjusting the filter control module according to the feedback signal to optimize the filtering effect, wherein the dynamic adjustment comprises changing the cut-off frequency, gain or phase characteristic of the filter;
when the filtering effect detected by the filtering characteristic detection circuit reaches a preset standard or an optimization target, the current setting is automatically maintained through a feedback mechanism, and the stability and reliability of the filtering effect are ensured.
Wherein, monitor and analyze the output signal of the filter circuit in real time through the filter characteristic detection circuit, include:
The filter characteristic detection circuit determines the frequency characteristic of the filter circuit in real time by measuring the frequency response of the output signal;
The filter characteristic detection circuit comprises a filter circuit input interface and a filter circuit output interface so as to acquire input signals and output signals of the filter circuit;
The data analysis module is used for analyzing the characteristics of the output signals of the filter circuit and providing real-time monitoring results;
By detecting the filtering characteristic of the output signal of the filtering circuit and identifying the abnormality or change generated by the circuit, the real-time monitoring and analysis of the performance of the filtering circuit are realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
A common mode capacitor comprising: a first electrode a, a second electrode B, a first shielding electrode G1, and a second shielding electrode G2; the positive electrode of the input signal is connected with the first electrode A, the negative electrode of the input signal is connected with the second electrode B, the first shielding electrode G1 is connected with the second shielding electrode G2, and the connection point of the first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 is connected to the ground GND; capacitors are respectively connected in series between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that a common mode filtering path is formed; when the common mode interference signal appears, the voltage change caused by the common mode interference signal causes the formed current to flow to the ground GND through the capacitive coupling effect between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that the influence of the interference signal on the circuit is reduced, and the common mode interference is effectively restrained.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a common mode capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a common mode capacitor according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a common mode capacitor, which comprises the following components: a first electrode a, a second electrode B, a first shielding electrode G1, and a second shielding electrode G2;
The positive electrode of the input signal is connected with the first electrode A, the negative electrode of the input signal is connected with the second electrode B, the first shielding electrode G1 is connected with the second shielding electrode G2, and the connection point of the first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 is connected to the ground GND;
Capacitors are respectively connected in series between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that a common mode filtering path is formed;
When the common mode interference signal appears, the voltage change caused by the common mode interference signal causes the formed current to flow to the ground GND through the capacitive coupling effect between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that the influence of the interference signal on the circuit is reduced, and the common mode interference is effectively restrained.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, the positive electrode of the input signal is connected to the first electrode a, the negative electrode of the input signal is connected to the second electrode B, the first shielding electrode G1 is connected to the second shielding electrode G2, and the connection point of the first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 is connected to the ground GND; capacitors are respectively connected in series between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that a common mode filtering path is formed;
The first electrode A and the second electrode B are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of an input signal, the first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 are respectively close to the two electrodes, a capacitive coupling effect is formed by the internal structure, when a common-mode interference signal occurs, the common-mode interference signal generates the same voltage change on the first electrode A and the second electrode B, and the change causes current to flow from the G1 and the G2 to the ground GND through the capacitive coupling between the electrodes and the shielding electrodes, so that the influence of the interference signal on a circuit is reduced, and the common-mode interference is effectively restrained. Meanwhile, the structure can also provide a differential mode filtering function because the first electrode A and the second electrode B are not directly connected, but are formed by a path formed by connecting two capacitors in series.
The first electrode A and the second electrode B are not directly connected, but are connected with each other in series by 2 capacitors, so that the first electrode A and the second electrode B are open-circuited; the first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 are directly connected together, a capacitor is arranged between the first electrode A and the G1/G2, and a capacitor with the same size is also arranged between the second electrode B and the G1/G2;
Wherein, a current is formed between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2 through a capacitive coupling effect, and flows to the ground GND for processing common-mode interference signals; the capacitive coupling effect is caused by voltage variation caused by the common mode interference signal so as to realize effective shielding and processing of the common mode interference signal; the ground GND effectively directs the common mode interference signal to ground by providing a low impedance path to reduce interference to the input signal; the parameters of the capacitive coupling effect, including the capacitance value and the coupling distance, are optimized to minimize the effect of the common mode interference signal on the system performance.
Wherein the formed current flows to the ground GND, comprising:
Acquiring a common-mode interference signal and identifying voltage changes caused by the common-mode interference signal;
capturing voltage changes caused by common mode interference signals by using a capacitive coupling effect between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2;
Converting the captured voltage variation into a resulting current based on the capacitive coupling effect;
Acquiring path information of the formed current flow direction, and determining that the path information points to the ground GND;
based on the path information, the resulting current is directed to the ground GND, thereby reducing or eliminating the common mode interference signal.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the common mode inductor has the problem that the impedance is greatly influenced by the size of the through current due to the characteristics of the ferrite core of the common mode inductor, so that the filtering effect is influenced, and the problem that the impedance is greatly influenced by the size of the through current is solved through the common mode capacitor; the impedance and insertion loss of the common-mode capacitor are less affected by current, and the filtering characteristic under the condition of no through current can be kept stable; meanwhile, the insertion loss is larger, the filtering effect is better, the effective filtering frequency band is wider, and the method is suitable for various noise suppression scenes; the lamination process reliability and the product performance consistency of the winding process of the common-mode capacitor relative to the common-mode inductor are better; smaller dimensions are also more beneficial for product miniaturization.
In another embodiment, when a differential mode signal is generated between the first electrode a and the second electrode B, the differential mode signal is transmitted through the main path of the circuit, and high-frequency differential mode noise is bypassed through the capacitance between the first electrode a and the second electrode B, so that no current leading to the ground GND is generated, thereby ensuring the integrity of signal transmission and reducing the influence of the differential mode noise.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: differential mode signals refer to signals on two signal lines (e.g., first electrode a and second electrode B) that have equal magnitudes but opposite polarities in opposite directions. This signal transmission is often used to reduce noise, since interference from the outside affects both lines, i.e. common mode noise, in the same way, whereas differential mode signals can reduce the effect of such interference by cancelling each other.
When a differential mode signal is generated between the first electrode a and the second electrode B, the signal is ideally transmitted along the main path of the circuit. This main path is designed to ensure that signals can be efficiently transmitted from the transmitting end to the receiving end while reducing possible signal attenuation and interference on the path.
High frequency differential mode noise is a special type of noise that exists in the form of high frequencies between two electrodes. This noise can be bypassed by the capacitance between the two electrodes. The capacitor acts here as a filter, allowing high frequency noise to pass through, rather than letting these noise signals travel along the main signal path. The purpose of this is to reduce the effect of high frequency noise on the main signal path, since high frequency noise bypasses to Ground (GND) through capacitance instead of flowing through the main signal path.
This principle is analogically understood by way of example in daily life: if you want to transfer a ball from one room to the opposite one with a wall in between, the most straightforward way is to open the door (main path) and transfer the ball through the door. However, if there are flying mosquitoes (high frequency noise) in the room, you may have a small window (capacitor) to fly them out through the window instead of letting them interfere with you've passing the ball. In this way, the ball is smoothly transferred, and the mosquito disturbance is minimized.
By bypassing high frequency differential mode noise to ground through a capacitor, the effect of such noise on signal integrity can be effectively reduced, thereby ensuring signal transmission quality and reducing errors.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the differential mode transmission mode is beneficial to inhibiting common mode signals (signals opposite to ground) and improving the anti-interference capability of the system; by not causing current flow with ground, the ground current is reduced, which is helpful to improve the performance and stability of the system; the capacitor allows the alternating current signal to pass through, keeps the integrity of the signal, and is beneficial to transmitting accurate differential mode signals.
In another embodiment, at least one dielectric layer is included between the first electrode a and the second electrode B, and a dielectric of the dielectric layer provides a required capacitance value and isolates the first electrode a from the second electrode B;
The first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 have the same geometry and dimensions to ensure uniform distribution of the current generated under common mode interference.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: a capacitor is a component for storing electrical energy, based on the presence of a dielectric layer between two conductive electrodes. When the two electrodes are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply, equal amounts of charges with opposite signs can be accumulated on the electrodes, and the dielectric layer prevents the charges from directly jumping from one electrode to the other electrode, so that electric energy is stored. The material and thickness of the dielectric layer directly affects the capacitance of the capacitor, i.e., the ability of the capacitor to store charge.
The first electrode A and the second electrode B are isolated by at least one dielectric layer, which is a capacitor structure, and the capacitor can be ensured to provide a required capacitance value by selecting a proper dielectric material, namely, the material and the thickness of the dielectric layer can be adjusted according to application requirements to obtain different capacitance values.
The first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 have the same geometry and dimensions in order to be able to produce the same current distribution on both shielding electrodes when the device is subjected to common mode interference, for example electromagnetic interference from the environment. Common mode interference generally refers to interference signals acting on two signal lines with the same phase and amplitude. If the shape and size of the shield electrodes are the same, their response to the electromagnetic field will be the same, which ensures that the current generated by the disturbance on both electrodes is uniform, thereby effectively reducing or eliminating the effect of the disturbance on the circuit.
It is assumed that an electronic device has a strong electromagnetic interference source near its operating frequency. Without proper shielding and interference suppression measures, this interference may enter the circuitry of the device through electromagnetic coupling, interfering with the proper functioning of the device. By incorporating shielding electrodes of the same shape and size in the circuit, a uniform interference current can be generated on these electrodes, which can be made to cancel each other out or effectively conducted to ground by a certain circuit design, thereby protecting the circuit from interference. The design method is particularly important in high-frequency circuits and precise measurement equipment, and can obviously improve the anti-interference performance and measurement accuracy of the equipment.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the dielectric layer provides a capacitor, so that differential mode signals are transmitted, and meanwhile, a direct current part is isolated, so that adverse effects on a circuit are avoided; the same geometric shapes and sizes of the shielding electrodes G1 and G2 ensure that the current generated under the common mode interference is uniformly distributed, and the common mode signal is restrained, so that the anti-interference performance of the system is improved.
In another embodiment, the first electrode A and the second electrode B are formed by dielectric stacking layers, and the dielectric stacking layers are stacked according to the corresponding sequence and thickness so as to realize filtering or slowing down of common-mode interference signals.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: when the first electrode a and the second electrode B are respectively provided with the first electrode and the second electrode, the dielectric stack layer is positioned therebetween to function as a capacitor. The common mode capacitance dielectric layer provides capacitance assuming a small differential mode signal between the first and second electrodes, enabling differential mode signals to pass through, and the design of such stacked layers helps to isolate the dc current, allowing only ac signal transmission.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the common mode capacitance medium layer provides a required capacitance, so that differential mode signal transmission is promoted, and direct current is prevented from passing through; by blocking the dc portion, this design helps to prevent negative effects of dc on the circuit; maintaining stable transmission of signals helps to improve overall system performance and stability.
In another embodiment, a media stack layer includes: a first dielectric layer comprising a first zirconium oxide layer, a first zirconium silicon oxide layer; a second zirconia layer disposed between the first zirconia layer and the first zirconium silicon oxide layer; and a silicon oxide layer disposed between the first zirconia layer and the second zirconia layer.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the first zirconia layer provides a certain capacitance and isolates the direct current signal, the differential mode signal is transmitted through the layer, and the direct current part is isolated; the second zirconia layer is positioned between the first zirconia layer and the first zirconium silicon oxide layer, further provides a capacitance effect and ensures the transmission of differential mode signals; the zirconium silicon oxide layer is combined with other layers to play roles in isolating direct current and transmitting alternating current signals; the silicon oxide layer is arranged between the first zirconium oxide layer and the second zirconium oxide layer, and provides additional capacitance to promote differential mode signal transmission.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the multilayer structure design realizes capacitance effects of different layers through multilayer stacking, and ensures the integrity of signal transmission; the direct current part is effectively isolated by the structure between the layers, so that adverse effects on a circuit are prevented; the particular materials and structure of each layer help to provide the required capacitance value to ensure that the differential mode signal is transmitted as intended.
In another embodiment, a common mode capacitance is used in an EMC filter comprising: the device comprises a common mode capacitor, a differential mode capacitor and a filtering control module;
The input end of the common mode capacitor is electrically connected with the input end of the power line, and the output end of the common mode capacitor is electrically connected with the input end of the load equipment; the input end of the differential mode capacitor is electrically connected with the output end of the common mode capacitor, and the output end is electrically connected with the input end of the load equipment; the control signal input end of the filtering control module is connected with the control signal output ends of the common mode capacitor and the differential mode capacitor; the filter characteristic adjusting signal output end of the filter control module is connected with the adjusting end of the common mode capacitor; the filtering control module obtains a filtering effect feedback signal through a filtering characteristic detection circuit.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the common mode capacitor input end is connected with the power line, so that the common mode capacitor can respond to signals on the power line and provide corresponding capacitance effect to prevent common mode interference from entering the load equipment; the differential mode signal is transmitted through the differential mode capacitor, the transmission quality of the differential mode signal is ensured by utilizing the capacitance effect provided by the common mode capacitor, the control signal input end is connected with the common mode capacitor and the control signal output end of the differential mode capacitor, and the filtering control module obtains the state information of the common mode capacitor and the differential mode capacitor through the connection so as to be convenient to adjust; the filter characteristic adjusting signal output end is connected with the adjusting end of the common mode capacitor, and the filter control module adjusts the filter characteristic of the common mode capacitor through the connection so as to adapt to different working conditions.
The EMC filter comprises an adjustable common-mode capacitor, a differential-mode capacitor and a filtering control module;
The common mode capacitor input end is electrically connected with the power line input end, and the output end is electrically connected with the load equipment input end; it provides a high frequency common mode noise filtering function that suppresses noise in a specific frequency range by dynamically adjusting its capacitance value. The differential mode capacitor input end is electrically connected with the common mode capacitor output end, and the output end is electrically connected with the load equipment input end, so that the filtering capability of differential noise is enhanced.
The filter control module comprises a microprocessor and a digital-to-analog converter. The microprocessor calculates a filter characteristic adjustment signal based on the feedback signal obtained from the filter characteristic detection circuit. The digital-to-analog converter then converts the digital signal to an analog signal for dynamically adjusting the capacitance of the common mode capacitor.
The microprocessor receives performance and working state feedback signals of the filter circuit, and analyzes the signals based on a preset signal analysis template; according to the analysis result, the microprocessor evaluates whether the filter circuit needs to be adjusted so as to keep the filter effect in accordance with a preset standard; if adjustment is needed, the microprocessor calculates a filter characteristic adjusting signal and optimizes the performance of the filter circuit; the digital-to-analog converter converts the filter characteristic adjustment signal from a digital form to an analog form and outputs to adjust the capacitance value of the common mode capacitance.
Monitoring and analyzing the output signal of the filter circuit in real time through a filter characteristic detection circuit to determine the current filter effect; the obtained feedback signal contains key information such as filtering frequency, amplitude change, phase difference and the like, and the filtering control module is dynamically adjusted based on the key information to optimize the filtering effect.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the combination of the common mode capacitor and the differential mode capacitor is beneficial to inhibiting common mode signals and improving the anti-interference performance of the system; the common mode capacitor ensures that common mode interference does not affect the normal operation of the load device by being connected to the load device; the connection of the differential mode capacitor enables differential mode signals to be transmitted to load equipment, the integrity of the signals is ensured, and the filtering control module enables the system to cope with interference of different frequencies by adjusting the filtering characteristics of the common mode capacitor in real time; the filtering effect feedback signal obtained by the filtering characteristic detection circuit helps the system to adjust in real time so as to reduce interference to the greatest extent.
In another embodiment, the common mode capacitor is used to provide a filtering function for high frequency common mode noise, and suppression of noise signals in a specific frequency range is achieved by selecting the corresponding capacitance value.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the design of the common mode capacitor considers common mode noise in a specific frequency range, and the suppression of noise signals in a target frequency range can be realized by selecting an appropriate capacitance value; the common mode capacitor provides a filtering function in the high frequency range, preventing common mode noise from entering the system. This helps to maintain signal purity and system stability.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the common mode capacitor is selected to effectively inhibit high-frequency common mode noise, so that the anti-interference performance of the system is improved; by preventing common mode noise from entering, the common mode capacitance helps to maintain signal purity, ensuring that the load device obtains a high quality signal.
In another embodiment, the filter control module includes a microprocessor and a digital-to-analog converter;
The microprocessor is used for calculating a filtering characteristic adjusting signal according to the filtering effect feedback signal, converting the filtering characteristic adjusting signal into an analog signal through the digital-analog converter so as to adjust the capacitance value of the common-mode capacitor, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the filter so as to adapt to different noise environments and ensure that the filter has high-frequency filtering characteristics;
wherein, calculate the filter characteristic adjustment signal according to the filtering effect feedback signal, include:
the microprocessor receives a filtering effect feedback signal from the filtering circuit, wherein the filtering effect feedback signal represents the performance and the working state of the current filtering circuit;
Based on a preset signal analysis template, the microprocessor analyzes the received filtering effect feedback signal to determine the current performance index of the filtering circuit, wherein the current performance index comprises the amplitude, the frequency, the phase and the noise level of the signal;
According to the analysis result, the microprocessor evaluates the performance of the filter circuit and judges whether adjustment is needed so as to ensure that the filter effect accords with a preset performance standard;
If adjustment is needed, the microprocessor calculates a filter characteristic adjusting signal according to an analysis result of the filter effect feedback signal and a preset adjusting algorithm, wherein the filter characteristic adjusting signal aims at optimizing the performance of the filter circuit so as to improve the filter effect;
the microprocessor converts the calculated filter characteristic regulating signal from a digital form to an analog signal through a built-in or externally connected digital-analog converter;
outputting the converted analog filter characteristic adjusting signal for adjusting the capacitance value of the common mode capacitor;
the common mode capacitor receiving the analog filter characteristic adjusting signal adjusts a corresponding capacitance value according to the signal so as to change the characteristic of the filter circuit, thereby realizing optimization and control of the filter effect.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the microprocessor calculates the filter characteristic parameters to be adjusted by analyzing the characteristics of the feedback signals of the filter effect; the calculated filter characteristic regulating signal is converted into an analog signal through a digital-analog converter; the converted analog signals are used for dynamically adjusting the capacitance value of the common-mode capacitor, so that the real-time adjustment of the filter is realized;
The filtering circuit generates a filtering effect feedback signal which represents the current performance and working state and is a signal containing information such as amplitude, frequency, phase and noise level; the microprocessor analyzes the feedback signal of the filtering effect by using a preset signal analysis template, and can know the performance index of the current filtering circuit, such as the characteristic parameters of the signal; the microprocessor evaluates the performance of the filter circuit based on the analysis result and judges whether the performance meets the preset performance standard; if the performance does not meet the standard, the microprocessor decides whether the filter circuit needs to be adjusted according to the analysis result and a preset adjusting algorithm; if adjustment is needed, the microprocessor calculates a filter characteristic adjusting signal according to an analysis result of the filter effect feedback signal and an adjusting algorithm, and the signal aims at optimizing the performance of the filter circuit so as to improve the filter effect; the microprocessor converts the calculated filter characteristic regulating signal from a digital form to an analog signal through a built-in or externally connected digital-analog converter; the converted analog filter characteristic adjusting signal is output and used for adjusting the capacitance value of the common-mode capacitor, and the common-mode capacitor adjusts the corresponding capacitance value according to the signal, so that the characteristic of the filter circuit is changed; the adjusted circuit feeds back a new filtering effect to form a closed loop system, and the process is continuously circulated to ensure that the filtering circuit is always in an optimal state so as to realize optimization and control of the filtering effect.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the calculation and control of the microprocessor enable the system to adjust the characteristics of the filter in real time so as to adapt to different noise environments; the dynamic adjustment ensures that the filter always maintains effective filtering characteristics in a high frequency range, and improves the anti-interference performance of the system. The system monitors and optimizes the filter circuit in real time, and ensures that the filter circuit can provide the best performance under different working conditions.
Through signal analysis and dynamic adjustment, the system can adapt to different input signals and working environments, and the adaptability of the filter circuit is improved; the real-time adjustment of the microprocessor is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the filter circuit and avoiding performance fluctuation and noise interference; through digital and automatic adjustment, the system reduces the requirement of human intervention and improves the automation degree of the system; the system can realize optimization and control of the filtering effect on the basis of real-time performance monitoring and adjustment by dynamically adjusting the filtering circuit, and improves the stability and adaptability of the whole system.
In another embodiment, the filtering control module obtains a filtering effect feedback signal through a filtering characteristic detection circuit, including:
monitoring and analyzing the output signal of the filter circuit in real time through a filter characteristic detection circuit to determine the current filter effect;
Acquiring a feedback signal about the filtering effect from the filtering characteristic detection circuit, wherein the feedback signal comprises key information of the performance of the filtering circuit, and the key information comprises parameters of filtering frequency, amplitude variation and phase difference;
Dynamically adjusting the filter control module according to the feedback signal to optimize the filtering effect, wherein the dynamic adjustment comprises changing the cut-off frequency, gain or phase characteristic of the filter;
when the filtering effect detected by the filtering characteristic detection circuit reaches a preset standard or an optimization target, the current setting is automatically maintained through a feedback mechanism, and the stability and reliability of the filtering effect are ensured.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the filtering characteristic detection circuit monitors and analyzes the output signal of the filtering circuit in real time to determine the current filtering effect, for example, when the change of the frequency component or the amplitude abnormality is detected, the system can make a corresponding reaction; acquiring feedback signals related to the filtering effect from the filtering characteristic detection circuit, wherein the feedback signals comprise parameters such as filtering frequency, amplitude variation, phase difference and the like, and if the frequency deviation exceeds an expected range, the feedback signals indicate that the cut-off frequency of the filter needs to be adjusted; according to the feedback signal, the filtering control module dynamically adjusts and optimizes the filtering effect, for example, according to the frequency parameter, the cut-off frequency of the filter can be dynamically changed to adapt to noise with different frequencies; dynamic adjustment includes changing the cut-off frequency, gain or phase characteristics of the filter, ensuring that the system maintains good filtering effects in different noise environments, which helps to adapt to changing noise conditions; when the filtering effect detected by the filtering characteristic detection circuit reaches a preset standard or an optimization target, the current setting is automatically maintained through a feedback mechanism, so that the stability and reliability of the filtering effect are ensured, and the system can be self-adjusted by the design, and the optimal performance under different working conditions is maintained.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the filtering characteristic detection circuit monitors output signals of the filtering circuit in real time, and obtains feedback signals including frequency, amplitude and phase parameters; dynamically adjusting the cut-off frequency, gain or phase of the filter to ensure that good filtering effect is maintained in different noise environments; the settings are maintained automatically, ensuring stability and reliability, which is designed to help accommodate varying noise conditions.
In another embodiment, monitoring and analyzing the output signal of the filter circuit in real time by the filter characteristic detection circuit includes:
The filter characteristic detection circuit determines the frequency characteristic of the filter circuit in real time by measuring the frequency response of the output signal;
The filter characteristic detection circuit comprises a filter circuit input interface and a filter circuit output interface so as to acquire input signals and output signals of the filter circuit;
The data analysis module is used for analyzing the characteristics of the output signals of the filter circuit and providing real-time monitoring results;
By detecting the filtering characteristic of the output signal of the filtering circuit and identifying the abnormality or change generated by the circuit, the real-time monitoring and analysis of the performance of the filtering circuit are realized.
Wherein identifying the anomaly or change generated by the circuit comprises:
acquiring characteristic information of an output signal of the first filter circuit, wherein the characteristic information comprises frequency response, gain and phase delay information;
taking the characteristic information as performance parameter information of the filter circuit;
Acquiring detection equipment information used when the first filter circuit is subjected to characteristic detection, wherein the detection equipment information comprises information such as a signal generator, a spectrum analyzer, an oscilloscope and the like;
taking the detection equipment information as detection equipment configuration information;
acquiring operation information for detecting the output signal of the first filter circuit by using a detection device, wherein the operation information comprises operation information of signal injection, signal capturing and signal analysis;
taking the operation information as detection operation information;
acquiring time information for performing detection operation, wherein the time information comprises information such as detection starting time, detection ending time, detection duration time and the like, and the time information is used as a detection time set;
taking the performance parameter information, the detection equipment configuration information, the detection operation information and the detection time set as first filter circuit performance detection flow information;
performing anomaly analysis according to filter circuit performance detection flow information, including:
identifying parameters with deviation from preset performance parameters based on the performance parameter information as an abnormal parameter set;
based on the abnormal parameter set, corresponding detection operation information and/or corresponding time in the detection time set are obtained and used as an abnormal detection time set;
Constructing and training to obtain a filter circuit abnormality analysis model;
inputting the abnormal parameter set, the abnormal detection operation information and/or the abnormal detection time set into a filter circuit abnormal analysis model to obtain an output result;
and obtaining the performance information of the filter circuit to be optimized according to the output result.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: by changing the frequency of the input signal, measuring the amplitude and phase response of the output signal of the filter circuit, thereby obtaining the characteristics of the filter circuit under different frequencies; the filter characteristic detection circuit acquires input and output signals of the filter circuit through the input and output interfaces, so that comprehensive monitoring is ensured; the data analysis module analyzes characteristics of the output signals of the filter circuit, such as amplitude, phase and the like, and monitors and identifies abnormality or change in real time through an algorithm.
When the frequency of the input signal is gradually increased, detecting the response condition of the filter circuit under different frequencies by measuring the amplitude and phase change of the output signal; the data analysis module may identify abnormal waveforms, such as amplitude anomalies or phase distortions, indicative of filter circuit performance problems.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: real-time monitoring of the performance of the filter circuit is realized, and abnormality is found in time; the data analysis module provides detailed frequency characteristic information, which is helpful for deep understanding of the working state of the filter circuit; by identifying the abnormality, maintenance measures can be taken in advance, and the reliability and stability of the filter circuit are improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A common mode capacitor, comprising: a first electrode a, a second electrode B, a first shielding electrode G1, and a second shielding electrode G2;
The positive electrode of the input signal is connected with the first electrode A, the negative electrode of the input signal is connected with the second electrode B, the first shielding electrode G1 is connected with the second shielding electrode G2, and the connection point of the first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 is connected to the ground GND;
Capacitors are respectively connected in series between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that a common mode filtering path is formed;
When the common mode interference signal appears, the voltage change caused by the common mode interference signal causes the formed current to flow to the ground GND through the capacitive coupling effect between the first electrode A and the first shielding electrode G1 and between the second electrode B and the second shielding electrode G2, so that the influence of the interference signal on the circuit is reduced, and the common mode interference is effectively restrained.
2. A common mode capacitor according to claim 1, wherein when a differential mode signal is generated between the first electrode a and the second electrode B, the differential mode signal is transmitted through the main path of the circuit, and high frequency differential mode noise is bypassed through the capacitor between the first electrode a and the second electrode B, and no current is generated to the ground GND, thereby ensuring the integrity of the signal transmission and reducing the influence of the differential mode noise.
3. A common mode capacitor according to claim 1, wherein at least one dielectric layer is included between the first electrode a and the second electrode B, the dielectric layer providing the desired capacitance and isolating the first electrode a from the second electrode B;
The first shielding electrode G1 and the second shielding electrode G2 have the same geometry and dimensions to ensure uniform distribution of the current generated under common mode interference.
4. A common mode capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode a and the second electrode B are formed by dielectric stack layers, and the dielectric stack layers are stacked in a corresponding order and thickness for filtering or slowing down the common mode interference signal.
5. The common mode capacitor of claim 4, wherein the dielectric stack layer comprises: a first dielectric layer comprising a first zirconium oxide layer, a first zirconium silicon oxide layer; a second zirconia layer disposed between the first zirconia layer and the first zirconium silicon oxide layer; and a silicon oxide layer disposed between the first zirconia layer and the second zirconia layer.
6. Use of a common mode capacitance in an EMC filter, characterized in that the EMC filter comprises: comprising at least a common mode capacitance, a differential mode capacitance and a filter control module according to any of claims 1 to 5;
The input end of the common mode capacitor is electrically connected with the input end of the power line, and the output end of the common mode capacitor is electrically connected with the input end of the load equipment; the input end of the differential mode capacitor is electrically connected with the output end of the common mode capacitor, and the output end is electrically connected with the input end of the load equipment; the control signal input end of the filtering control module is connected with the control signal output ends of the common mode capacitor and the differential mode capacitor; the filter characteristic adjusting signal output end of the filter control module is connected with the adjusting end of the common mode capacitor; the filtering control module obtains a filtering effect feedback signal through a filtering characteristic detection circuit.
7. Use of a common mode capacitance in an EMC filter according to claim 6, characterized in that the common mode capacitance is used for providing a filtering function of high frequency common mode noise, the suppression of noise signals in a specific frequency range being achieved by selecting the corresponding capacitance value.
8. The use of a common mode capacitance in an EMC filter according to claim 6, wherein the filter control module comprises a microprocessor and a digital to analog converter;
The microprocessor is used for calculating a filtering characteristic adjusting signal according to the filtering effect feedback signal, converting the filtering characteristic adjusting signal into an analog signal through the digital-analog converter so as to adjust the capacitance value of the common-mode capacitor, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the filter so as to adapt to different noise environments and ensure that the filter has high-frequency filtering characteristics;
wherein, calculate the filter characteristic adjustment signal according to the filtering effect feedback signal, include:
the microprocessor receives a filtering effect feedback signal from the filtering circuit, wherein the filtering effect feedback signal represents the performance and the working state of the current filtering circuit;
Based on a preset signal analysis template, the microprocessor analyzes the received filtering effect feedback signal to determine the current performance index of the filtering circuit, wherein the current performance index comprises the amplitude, the frequency, the phase and the noise level of the signal;
According to the analysis result, the microprocessor evaluates the performance of the filter circuit and judges whether adjustment is needed so as to ensure that the filter effect accords with a preset performance standard;
If adjustment is needed, the microprocessor calculates a filter characteristic adjusting signal according to an analysis result of the filter effect feedback signal and a preset adjusting algorithm, wherein the filter characteristic adjusting signal aims at optimizing the performance of the filter circuit so as to improve the filter effect;
the microprocessor converts the calculated filter characteristic regulating signal from a digital form to an analog signal through a built-in or externally connected digital-analog converter;
outputting the converted analog filter characteristic adjusting signal for adjusting the capacitance value of the common mode capacitor;
the common mode capacitor receiving the analog filter characteristic adjusting signal adjusts a corresponding capacitance value according to the signal so as to change the characteristic of the filter circuit, thereby realizing optimization and control of the filter effect.
9. The use of a common mode capacitance in an EMC filter according to claim 6, wherein the filter control module obtains the filter effect feedback signal through a filter characteristic detection circuit, comprising:
monitoring and analyzing the output signal of the filter circuit in real time through a filter characteristic detection circuit to determine the current filter effect;
Acquiring a feedback signal about the filtering effect from the filtering characteristic detection circuit, wherein the feedback signal comprises key information of the performance of the filtering circuit, and the key information comprises parameters of filtering frequency, amplitude variation and phase difference;
Dynamically adjusting the filter control module according to the feedback signal to optimize the filtering effect, wherein the dynamic adjustment comprises changing the cut-off frequency, gain or phase characteristic of the filter;
when the filtering effect detected by the filtering characteristic detection circuit reaches a preset standard or an optimization target, the current setting is automatically maintained through a feedback mechanism, and the stability and reliability of the filtering effect are ensured.
10. Use of a common mode capacitance in an EMC filter according to claim 9, wherein the output signal of the filter circuit is monitored and analyzed in real time by the filter characteristic detection circuit, comprising:
The filter characteristic detection circuit determines the frequency characteristic of the filter circuit in real time by measuring the frequency response of the output signal;
The filter characteristic detection circuit comprises a filter circuit input interface and a filter circuit output interface so as to acquire input signals and output signals of the filter circuit;
The data analysis module is used for analyzing the characteristics of the output signals of the filter circuit and providing real-time monitoring results;
By detecting the filtering characteristic of the output signal of the filtering circuit and identifying the abnormality or change generated by the circuit, the real-time monitoring and analysis of the performance of the filtering circuit are realized.
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