CN118074156A - Intelligent frequency modulation method and system for thermal power generating unit - Google Patents
Intelligent frequency modulation method and system for thermal power generating unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent frequency modulation method and system for a thermal power unit, which are characterized in that real-time operation data and operation parameters of a target thermal power unit are acquired firstly, updated to a thermal power unit database, grid frequency detection data corresponding to a power grid accessed by the target thermal power unit are acquired, and updated to a power grid database; and when the power grid frequency monitoring data exceeds the power grid frequency floating threshold value, acquiring the power grid frequency amplitude difference. Based on the fixed frequency value of the power grid, the load compensation quantity reference value and the optimal load compensation quantity are obtained according to the power grid frequency amplitude difference, the primary frequency modulation compensation factor is obtained according to the operation data set and the optimal load compensation quantity of the target thermal power unit, and the power grid load frequency modulation is carried out according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor, so that the technical problems that the frequency modulation response speed of the thermal power unit is low and the frequency modulation causes harm to the quality of the thermal power unit can be solved, the frequency modulation response time can be shortened, the adverse influence of frequency modulation on the quality of the generator unit is avoided, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grid frequency modulation, in particular to an intelligent frequency modulation method and system for a thermal power generating unit.
Background
The power grid frequency is an index of balance between generated power and power consumption load, and when the power grid frequency deviates, the active power of the generator set can be adjusted by the generator set so as to keep the stability of the power grid frequency. In China, thermal generator sets such as coal generator sets are main power grid frequency adjustment means. The country and industry have established standards for primary frequency modulation evaluation and assessment, the most important of which is the primary frequency modulation contribution capability of the generator set.
At present, most thermal power generating units are in an AGC running mode, and load instructions of power grid dispatching are received, so that the load adjustment of the units has larger randomness. In the unit AGC operation mode, uncertainty exists in the time and amplitude of the primary frequency modulation action, so that the actual load often deviates from the load instruction. The primary frequency modulation theoretical value of the thermal power generating unit is set to be a fixed value according to the rotation speed unequal rate, so that the accuracy of unit load adjustment has great influence on the actual primary frequency modulation action. If the actual load deviates from the load instruction and participates in primary frequency modulation, the primary frequency modulation load increment acquired by the power grid finally may not reach the standard requirement, so that the primary frequency modulation action contribution quantity is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent frequency modulation method and system for a thermal power generating unit, which can improve the primary frequency modulation efficiency, enable the primary frequency modulation load increment acquired by a power grid to reach the standard requirement and improve the primary contribution.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent frequency modulation method for a thermal power generating unit, which comprises the following steps:
S1, acquiring real-time operation data and operation parameters of a target thermal power unit, and updating the real-time operation data and the operation parameters to a thermal power unit database;
S2, acquiring power grid frequency detection data corresponding to a power grid accessed by the target thermal power generating unit, and updating the power grid frequency detection data to a power grid database;
S3, when the fact that the power grid frequency monitoring data exceeds a power grid frequency floating threshold value is detected, a power grid frequency fixed value and a power grid frequency set value of the power grid are obtained, and a power grid frequency amplitude difference is obtained;
s4, judging whether the power grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a threshold value;
If so, S5, selecting historical data closest to real-time working conditions for fitting according to the thermal power generating unit database, the power grid database, the unit parameters of the target thermal power generating unit and the power grid frequency amplitude difference, calculating a primary frequency modulation compensation amount in a preset time period of the target thermal power generating unit, taking the primary frequency modulation compensation amount as a primary frequency modulation compensation amount reference value of the target thermal power generating unit, and calculating according to the power grid fixed frequency value, the power grid frequency amplitude difference and the primary frequency modulation compensation amount reference value to obtain a load compensation amount and an optimal load compensation amount;
s6, obtaining a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the operation data set of the target thermal power generating unit and the optimal load compensation quantity;
and S7, carrying out grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
Wherein, S5 includes:
performing per unit operation in the process of performing output calculation on the three-phase voltage, the three-phase current, the active power, the main steam pressure and the main control instruction;
Calculating the distance between the historical data and the real-time data, and acquiring a distance set and a minimum value of the distance between the historical data and the real-time data;
selecting the nearest specified number of data, converting the compensation quantity of the specified number of data into a value, and then taking an average value as a primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve of the target thermal power generating unit under the corresponding frequency difference;
Acquiring a load compensation quantity reference value according to the primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve;
Storing parameters and operation data of the target thermal power generating unit and the power grid, wherein the parameters and operation data comprise dead zone value setting, three-phase voltage values, three-phase current values, active power, main control instructions, main steam pressure, frequency difference and 60s primary frequency modulation compensation curve;
And obtaining the load compensation quantity which is most in line with the working condition by comparing according to the load compensation quantity of the target unit and the load compensation quantity reference value, and taking the load compensation quantity as the optimal load compensation quantity.
Wherein, the S5 further comprises:
Constructing a primary frequency modulation simulation control model consistent with the internal structure and parameters of the DCS;
collecting a total valve position instruction and frequency modulation target power when the target thermal power generating unit generates primary frequency modulation action;
placing the primary frequency modulation simulation control model in an environment consistent with the conditions of the target thermal power unit for simulation operation, and calculating to generate a simulation total valve position instruction and simulation frequency modulation target power;
Comparing whether the coincidence degree of the data consistency of the total valve position instruction and the frequency modulation target power and the simulated total valve position instruction and the simulated frequency modulation target power exceeds a threshold value or not;
If yes, the primary frequency modulation control parameter is normal, otherwise, the occurrence of parameter fluctuation is judged.
Wherein after the occurrence of the parameter abnormality is determined, the method further comprises:
Feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value, carrying out primary frequency modulation abnormal motion sense, and calculating and comparing predicted frequency modulation target power, a total valve position instruction and an actual value deviation;
Feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value and carrying out primary frequency modulation automatic correction, wherein the primary frequency modulation automatic correction comprises automatic correction of valve flow characteristics, automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of a steam turbine and automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of main steam pressure;
the automatic correction of the valve flow characteristics comprises:
Periodically reading the total valve position instruction, the regulating stage pressure and the main steam pressure data of the target thermal power generating unit;
calculating and updating a valve flow characteristic function according to the total valve position instruction, the regulating stage pressure and the main steam pressure data;
The adaptive correction of the main vapor pressure response characteristic parameter includes:
identifying response characteristic parameters under different working conditions through the primary frequency modulation disturbance test of the target thermal power generating unit;
writing response characteristic parameters under various working conditions into the database, and enabling the database to realize full coverage of nonlinear characteristics of the response characteristic parameters along with the increase of disturbance times;
selecting optimal parameters in the database according to the similarity index J to predict primary frequency modulation performance;
the automatic correction of the response characteristic parameters of the steam turbine comprises automatic correction of the power proportion of the high, medium and low pressure cylinders.
Wherein, at S5, further comprises:
According to the parameters of the target thermal power generating unit, when the power grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a dead zone, obtaining the optimal load compensation quantity of the target thermal power generating unit;
updating and calculating a plurality of power average values in real time to be used as power values at the initial moment of the dead zone;
According to the real-time frequency and the active power of the power grid, the response time and the electric quantity contribution rate of the unit are calculated and compared with the check value, and in a preset time period, the output state of the target thermal power unit is corrected according to the power grid frequency amplitude difference and with the economic optimum as a target;
calculating a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the unit operation database, the power grid operation database and the load optimal compensation amount;
And carrying out grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
Wherein, the S5 includes:
carrying out standardization treatment on dead zone set values of steam turbines of the target thermal power generating unit;
acquiring a set value of the maximum variation amplitude of the active power of the target thermal power unit participating in primary frequency modulation according to the historical operation data of the target thermal power unit;
and obtaining a preset value of the load compensation quantity of the unit according to the set value of the maximum variation amplitude of the active power and the set value of the dead zone.
Wherein, the S6 includes:
Acquiring real-time operation power data of the target thermal power generating unit;
calculating preset operating power of the unit according to the unit actual output power in the operating parameters of the target thermal power unit and the actual rotating speed of the steam turbine;
obtaining a primary frequency adjustment compensation factor according to the preset operating power, and guiding the target thermal power generating unit to perform primary frequency adjustment according to the preset rotating speed of the steam turbine through the primary frequency adjustment compensation factor;
The preset rotating speed of the steam turbine is the ratio of the actual rotating speed of the steam turbine multiplied by the actual output power of the unit to the preset operating power of the unit.
Wherein after S6, further comprising:
Acquiring the unit parameters and the corresponding frequency modulation limit threshold values of the target thermal power unit;
Generating early warning information when detecting that the frequency modulation amplitude difference of the power grid exceeds the frequency modulation limit threshold value;
And outputting the early warning information to designated power grid operation staff.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides an intelligent frequency modulation system of the thermal power generating unit, which comprises the following components:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time operation data and operation parameters of the target thermal power unit, updating the real-time operation data and the operation parameters to a thermal power unit database, acquiring power grid frequency detection data corresponding to a power grid accessed by the target thermal power unit, and updating the power grid frequency detection data to the power grid database;
The frequency difference detection module is used for acquiring a grid frequency fixed value and a grid frequency set value of the power grid when the grid frequency monitoring data exceeds a grid frequency floating threshold value, and acquiring a grid frequency amplitude difference;
and the frequency modulation compensation module is used for calculating and obtaining a load compensation quantity, a load compensation quantity reference value and an optimal load compensation quantity according to the fixed frequency value of the power grid and the power grid frequency amplitude difference after the power grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a threshold value, obtaining a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the operation data set of the target thermal power generating unit and the optimal load compensation quantity, and carrying out power grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
The system comprises a frequency modulation compensation module, a parameter fluctuation correction module, a primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value feedback module and a primary frequency modulation automatic correction module, wherein the parameter fluctuation correction module is connected with the frequency modulation compensation module and is used for placing a primary frequency modulation simulation control model in an environment consistent with the target thermal power unit condition to perform simulation operation, calculating and generating a simulation total valve position instruction and a simulation frequency modulation target power, judging that parameter fluctuation occurs after the coincidence degree of the total valve position instruction and the frequency modulation target power and the data consistency of the simulation total valve position instruction and the simulation frequency modulation target power is lower than a threshold value, and feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value and performing primary frequency modulation automatic correction, wherein the primary frequency modulation automatic correction comprises automatic correction of valve flow characteristics, automatic correction of turbine response characteristic parameters and automatic correction of main steam pressure response characteristic parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the intelligent frequency modulation method and system for the thermal power generating unit provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following advantages:
According to the intelligent frequency modulation method and system for the thermal power generating unit, the real-time operation data and the operation parameters of the target thermal power generating unit are acquired firstly, updated to the thermal power generating unit database, and the power grid frequency detection data corresponding to the power grid accessed by the target thermal power generating unit are acquired and updated to the power grid database; and when the power grid frequency monitoring data exceeds the power grid frequency floating threshold value, acquiring the power grid frequency amplitude difference. Based on the fixed frequency value of the power grid, the load compensation quantity reference value and the optimal load compensation quantity are obtained according to the power grid frequency amplitude difference, the primary frequency modulation compensation factor is obtained according to the operation data set and the optimal load compensation quantity of the target thermal power unit, and the power grid load frequency modulation is carried out according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor, so that the technical problems that the frequency modulation response speed of the thermal power unit is low and the frequency modulation causes harm to the quality of the thermal power unit can be solved, the frequency modulation response time can be shortened, the adverse influence of frequency modulation on the quality of the generator unit is avoided, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a step flow structure in an embodiment of an intelligent frequency modulation method for a thermal power generating unit according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an intelligent frequency modulation system of a thermal power generating unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a step flow structure in an embodiment of an intelligent frequency modulation method for a thermal power generating unit according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an intelligent frequency modulation system of a thermal power generating unit.
In a specific embodiment, the intelligent frequency modulation method of the thermal power generating unit comprises the following steps:
S1, acquiring real-time operation data and operation parameters of a target thermal power unit, and updating the real-time operation data and the operation parameters to a thermal power unit database; the real-time operation data and the operation parameters of the target thermal power unit are collected through a real-time monitoring module of the intelligent frequency modulation device, and a thermal power unit database is obtained and updated.
Specifically, various sensors in the data acquisition device acquire real-time operation data of the target thermal power generating unit and generate a database. The data set includes real-time output power, output current, output voltage, steam turbine speed, etc. Meanwhile, the acquired data are sent to a quick frequency regulating system of the thermal power generating unit through a signal transmission module of the data acquisition device.
S2, acquiring power grid frequency detection data corresponding to a power grid accessed by the target thermal power generating unit, and updating the power grid frequency detection data to a power grid database; and the real-time monitoring module and auxiliary equipment of the intelligent frequency modulation device are utilized to monitor the power grid accessed by the target thermal power generating unit in real time, obtain power grid frequency detection data and update a power grid database. In addition, the intelligent frequency modulation device monitors the frequency of a power grid accessed by the target thermal power unit in real time, obtains power grid frequency detection data, and sends the data to a rapid frequency modulation system of the thermal power unit. Obtaining these data sets and test data provides raw material support for subsequent fm analysis.
S3, when the fact that the power grid frequency monitoring data exceeds a power grid frequency floating threshold value is detected, a power grid frequency fixed value and a power grid frequency set value of the power grid are obtained, and a power grid frequency amplitude difference is obtained; when the grid frequency monitoring data exceeds the grid frequency floating threshold, a grid frequency amplitude difference is obtained. In one embodiment, the application further comprises the steps of:
And presetting a grid frequency floating threshold, acquiring real-time grid frequency data when the grid frequency monitoring data exceeds the floating threshold, and acquiring a grid frequency amplitude difference based on the grid fixed frequency and the real-time grid frequency data. The grid frequency floating threshold value can be set in a self-defined mode according to the running condition of the regional power grid. And by obtaining the power grid frequency amplitude difference, support is provided for obtaining the power grid load compensation quantity and the reference value thereof in the next step.
S4, judging whether the power grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a threshold value;
If so, S5, selecting historical data closest to real-time working conditions for fitting according to the thermal power generating unit database, the power grid database, the unit parameters of the target thermal power generating unit and the power grid frequency amplitude difference, calculating a primary frequency modulation compensation amount in a preset time period of the target thermal power generating unit, taking the primary frequency modulation compensation amount as a primary frequency modulation compensation amount reference value of the target thermal power generating unit, and calculating according to the power grid fixed frequency value, the power grid frequency amplitude difference and the primary frequency modulation compensation amount reference value to obtain a load compensation amount and an optimal load compensation amount; the data closest to the real-time working condition is obtained from the historical data, simulation is carried out, the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity of the time is calculated and is used as a reference value of the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity of the target thermal power generating unit, the reference value is compared with the current actual frequency modulation, and the optimized primary frequency modulation compensation quantity can be obtained through multiple fitting optimization.
S6, obtaining a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the operation data set of the target thermal power generating unit and the optimal load compensation quantity;
and S7, carrying out grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
The method comprises the steps of firstly collecting real-time operation data and operation parameters of a target thermal power unit, updating the real-time operation data and the operation parameters to a thermal power unit database, obtaining power grid frequency detection data corresponding to a power grid accessed by the target thermal power unit, and updating the power grid frequency detection data to the power grid database; and when the power grid frequency monitoring data exceeds the power grid frequency floating threshold value, acquiring the power grid frequency amplitude difference. Based on the fixed frequency value of the power grid, the load compensation quantity reference value and the optimal load compensation quantity are obtained according to the power grid frequency amplitude difference, the primary frequency modulation compensation factor is obtained according to the operation data set and the optimal load compensation quantity of the target thermal power unit, and the power grid load frequency modulation is carried out according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor, so that the technical problems that the frequency modulation response speed of the thermal power unit is low and the frequency modulation causes harm to the quality of the thermal power unit can be solved, the frequency modulation response time can be shortened, the adverse influence of frequency modulation on the quality of the generator unit is avoided, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is ensured.
The present application is not limited to a specific calculation manner, and in one embodiment, the step S5 includes:
performing per unit operation in the process of performing output calculation on the three-phase voltage, the three-phase current, the active power, the main steam pressure and the main control instruction;
Calculating the distance between the historical data and the real-time data, and acquiring a distance set and a minimum value of the distance between the historical data and the real-time data;
selecting the nearest specified number of data, converting the compensation quantity of the specified number of data into a value, and then taking an average value as a primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve of the target thermal power generating unit under the corresponding frequency difference;
Acquiring a load compensation quantity reference value according to the primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve;
Storing parameters and operation data of the target thermal power generating unit and the power grid, wherein the parameters and operation data comprise dead zone value setting, three-phase voltage values, three-phase current values, active power, main control instructions, main steam pressure, frequency difference and 60s primary frequency modulation compensation curve;
And obtaining the load compensation quantity which is most in line with the working condition by comparing according to the load compensation quantity of the target unit and the load compensation quantity reference value, and taking the load compensation quantity as the optimal load compensation quantity.
Specifically, according to the fixed frequency value 50HZ of the power grid and the obtained power grid frequency amplitude difference, the power grid load compensation quantity and the reference value thereof are obtained, and the load compensation quantity which is most in line with the working condition is obtained through comparison, namely the optimal load compensation quantity of the whole power grid is obtained.
In one embodiment, the frequency offset is defined as the actual frequency of the unit minus the nominal frequency. The primary frequency modulation compensation capability predicts the active power of the used historical data, a main control instruction, the main steam pressure, a test frequency difference, td, tsh and k and a 60s primary frequency modulation compensation curve of the unit after the test starts.
The unit primary frequency modulation historical data set is (H is all historical data sets of a single unit, hi is an ith primary frequency modulation historical data set, n is the total number of primary frequency modulation, deltaPij is the compensation value of the ith primary frequency modulation for j seconds, pi is the ith primary frequency modulation 0s active power, ti is the ith primary frequency modulation 0s main steam pressure, ki is the ith primary frequency modulation 0s main control command, deltafi is the ith primary frequency modulation disturbance frequency):
because of different disturbance frequency differences, the data needs to be converted.
And (3) carrying out linearization processing on the nonlinear relation among the primary frequency modulation compensation amounts of different frequency differences under the same working condition in a ratio conversion mode to obtain a primary frequency modulation compensation amount predicted value under the target frequency difference of the working condition. Although the primary frequency modulation compensation amount predicted value obtained by the linearization processing is an approximate value, the primary frequency modulation compensation amount predicted value can be directly calculated without conversion as long as the historical data is large enough, or even if conversion is needed, linearization errors are reduced due to the fact that the difference between frequency differences is small, and the accuracy of conversion results is improved.
The primary frequency modulation disturbance frequency is about 0.1Hz, and a few deviations are needed, and linearization processing is needed to be carried out on the frequency deviation data, so that the frequency deviation data is added into 0.1Hz historical data. The frequency difference is converted to 0.1Hz and the corresponding resulting compensation curve is also converted to the corresponding compensation curve of 0.1 Hz. The compensation amount conversion method is as followsThe compensation quantity is converted for the ith primary frequency modulation and the jth second. The compensation quantity of 0-60 s after conversion constitutes a primary frequency modulation compensation curve after conversion. )
Through the conversion, all the historical data are data with the test frequency difference of 0.1Hz, and the output energy at the frequency difference of 0.1Hz can be statistically analyzed.
When the active power, the main steam pressure and the main control instruction are utilized for output calculation, the difference of different data of units is considered to be larger, so that the weight on the influence of the distance is different, and each variable needs to be per unit to balance the influence of each variable on the distance. The per unit is carried out on the 0s data, and the per unit process is%Active power after per unit of 0s for ith primary frequency modulation; /(I)The main steam pressure after the 0s per unit is subjected to the ith primary frequency modulation; /(I)The method comprises the steps of (1) performing primary frequency modulation for the ith time and 0s per unit of a back master control instruction; TN is the rated main vapor pressure; KN is rated main control instruction
After the conversion is completed, calculating the distance between the real-time data and the historical data, wherein the distance represents the similarity of working conditions when primary frequency modulation occurs, and taking a historical curve fit with high similarity as a primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve in the current power grid 60s as the closer the distance is, the higher the working condition similarity is.
After the history data is processed, the distance between the history data and the current data is required to be calculated to determine the similarity degree of each history data and the real-time data working condition so as to screen the history data used for fitting the compensation curve. When calculating, the current data is taken and per unit is carried out, and the process is as followsReal-time active power after per unit; /(I)The real-time main steam pressure after per unit; /(I)Is a per unit real-time master control instruction. ).
The distance between the historical data and the real-time data is calculated as (D is the distance set between the historical data and the real-time data; di ith primary frequency modulation and the distance between the real-time point):
The smaller the distance of the obtained distance set D, the closer the working condition of the point is to the current working condition when primary frequency modulation occurs, and the more consistent the primary frequency modulation action process is.
Selecting 3 times of disturbance closest to the disturbance, taking the compensation quantity conversion value of the disturbance, and then taking the average value as a primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve of the unit under the frequency difference of 0.1 Hz.
And adding all the primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curves of the started units to obtain a real-time primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve under the frequency difference of 0.1Hz of the power grid.
Wherein, the S5 further comprises:
Constructing a primary frequency modulation simulation control model consistent with the internal structure and parameters of the DCS;
collecting a total valve position instruction and frequency modulation target power when the target thermal power generating unit generates primary frequency modulation action;
placing the primary frequency modulation simulation control model in an environment consistent with the conditions of the target thermal power unit for simulation operation, and calculating to generate a simulation total valve position instruction and simulation frequency modulation target power;
Comparing whether the coincidence degree of the data consistency of the total valve position instruction and the frequency modulation target power and the simulated total valve position instruction and the simulated frequency modulation target power exceeds a threshold value or not;
If yes, the primary frequency modulation control parameter is normal, otherwise, the occurrence of parameter fluctuation is judged.
The parameters are subjected to perception detection through the model, so that the primary frequency modulation key parameters are monitored in real time, and whether the parameters need to be automatically corrected or not is judged through prediction control, and whether abnormal perception is triggered or not is judged.
In order to realize monitoring of primary frequency modulation, the effect detection of regulation and control of the primary frequency modulation is improved, and key parameters of the primary frequency modulation are monitored in real time: aiming at the problems of abnormal adjustment of primary frequency modulation control parameters (such as unequal rotation speed, dead zone, PID parameters and the like) of the thermal power generating unit, the primary frequency modulation parameter abnormal perception function design is carried out.
A primary frequency modulation simulation control model consistent with the internal structure and parameters of a DCS is built in the system, when an actual unit generates primary frequency modulation action, actual data such as a total valve position instruction and frequency modulation target power are collected, the built model is placed under a simulation condition consistent with the actual unit, simulation data of the total valve position instruction and the frequency modulation target power are calculated and generated, consistency of the total valve position instruction, the actual measurement data of the frequency modulation target power and the simulation data is compared, if the consistency is good, the primary frequency modulation control parameter is normal, and otherwise, parameter fluctuation is likely to occur.
In addition, in the actual primary frequency modulation, there may be a parameter variation, so as to improve the accuracy of the primary frequency modulation, in one embodiment, after determining that the parameter variation occurs, the method further includes:
Feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value, carrying out primary frequency modulation abnormal motion sense, and calculating and comparing predicted frequency modulation target power, a total valve position instruction and an actual value deviation;
Feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value and carrying out primary frequency modulation automatic correction, wherein the primary frequency modulation automatic correction comprises automatic correction of valve flow characteristics, automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of a steam turbine and automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of main steam pressure;
the automatic correction of the valve flow characteristics comprises:
Periodically reading the total valve position instruction, the regulating stage pressure and the main steam pressure data of the target thermal power generating unit;
calculating and updating a valve flow characteristic function according to the total valve position instruction, the regulating stage pressure and the main steam pressure data;
The adaptive correction of the main vapor pressure response characteristic parameter includes:
identifying response characteristic parameters under different working conditions through the primary frequency modulation disturbance test of the target thermal power generating unit;
writing response characteristic parameters under various working conditions into the database, and enabling the database to realize full coverage of nonlinear characteristics of the response characteristic parameters along with the increase of disturbance times;
selecting optimal parameters in the database according to the similarity index J to predict primary frequency modulation performance;
the automatic correction of the response characteristic parameters of the steam turbine comprises automatic correction of the power proportion of the high, medium and low pressure cylinders.
The automatic correction principle of the response characteristic parameters of the steam turbine is consistent with the corresponding characteristic parameters of the main steam pressure.
In one embodiment, the selecting the optimal parameter in the database according to the similarity index J to perform primary frequency modulation performance prediction includes:
reading a similarity feature vector A of the target thermal power generating unit, and simultaneously calculating a similarity index J:
Wherein a R is the total valve position command setpoint; p T,R is the main vapor pressure rating; p R is the load rating;
and based on J, calculating the similarity between each element in the database and the current prediction working condition, and selecting the database element Td, tsh and k with the smallest J as calculation parameters to predict primary frequency modulation performance.
The reference value of the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity is fed back and primary frequency modulation automatic correction is carried out, including but not limited to automatic correction of valve flow characteristics, automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of a steam turbine and automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of main steam pressure, so that the automatic correction of the primary frequency modulation can be realized, and the overall accuracy of the primary frequency modulation is improved.
Because the valve flow characteristic has nonlinear and time-varying dual characteristics, the method adopts the steps of periodically reading the total valve position instruction, the regulating stage pressure and the main steam pressure data of the thermal power unit, and repeatedly calculating and updating the valve flow characteristic function based on the data so as to be matched with the actual situation.
The corresponding characteristic parameters of the steam turbine mainly refer to the power proportion of the high, medium and low pressure cylinders, and the self-adaptive correction principle is consistent with the corresponding characteristic parameters of the main steam pressure.
Under different working conditions, the dynamic characteristics of the main steam pressure have certain differences, so that the model needs to be considered when the model is used.
The correction of the above parameters by the present application includes, but is not limited to, the above-described method.
In the present application, the primary frequency modulation operation is realized by the primary frequency modulation compensation factor, and the specific calculation process is not limited, and in one embodiment, the step S5 further includes:
According to the parameters of the target thermal power generating unit, when the power grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a dead zone, obtaining the optimal load compensation quantity of the target thermal power generating unit;
updating and calculating a plurality of power average values in real time to be used as power values at the initial moment of the dead zone;
According to the real-time frequency and the active power of the power grid, the response time and the electric quantity contribution rate of the unit are calculated and compared with the check value, and in a preset time period, the output state of the target thermal power unit is corrected according to the power grid frequency amplitude difference and with the economic optimum as a target;
calculating a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the unit operation database, the power grid operation database and the load optimal compensation amount;
And carrying out grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
The optimal load compensation amount is obtained based on the parameters of the thermal power generating unit, and when the frequency difference exceeds the dead zone, the optimal load compensation amount of the thermal power generating unit is required to be obtained.
Before that, the N power averages need to be updated and calculated in real time to be used as the power values at the initial time of the dead zone. And referring to the power grid assessment standard, based on data such as real-time frequency, active power and the like, respectively calculating response time and electric quantity contribution rate of the unit, and comparing the response time and the electric quantity contribution rate with assessment values. And (3) based on the power grid frequency amplitude difference, taking the economic optimization as a target, timely adjusting the opening of a valve and other actions, and correcting the output condition of the thermal power unit so as to finish the normal output of the unit within the assessment time. Calculating a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the unit, the power grid operation database and the obtained load optimal compensation value; and according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor, the target thermal power generating unit carries out grid load frequency modulation.
In order to facilitate the subsequent primary frequency modulation and have the referential property, in one embodiment, the preset value of the unit load compensation amount is obtained according to the parameter and the operation data of the target unit, and the S5 includes:
carrying out standardization treatment on dead zone set values of steam turbines of the target thermal power generating unit;
acquiring a set value of the maximum variation amplitude of the active power of the target thermal power unit participating in primary frequency modulation according to the historical operation data of the target thermal power unit;
and obtaining a preset value of the load compensation quantity of the unit according to the set value of the maximum variation amplitude of the active power and the set value of the dead zone.
The dead zone set value is standardized, and the maximum variation amplitude set value of the active power participating in primary frequency modulation is obtained through calculation, so that the dead zone is not carried out or the possibility of entering the dead zone is reduced in the subsequent primary frequency modulation, the possibility of jumping out of the dead zone is improved, and the high efficiency of the primary frequency modulation is improved.
Obtaining an optimal load compensation amount from the set operation data set, and how to perform primary frequency modulation by using the optimal load compensation amount is not limited, in one embodiment, a primary frequency adjustment compensation factor is derived based on the data set, and the step S6 includes:
Acquiring real-time operation power data of the target thermal power generating unit;
calculating preset operating power of the unit according to the unit actual output power in the operating parameters of the target thermal power unit and the actual rotating speed of the steam turbine;
obtaining a primary frequency adjustment compensation factor according to the preset operating power, and guiding the target thermal power generating unit to perform primary frequency adjustment according to the preset rotating speed of the steam turbine through the primary frequency adjustment compensation factor;
The preset rotating speed of the steam turbine is the ratio of the actual rotating speed of the steam turbine multiplied by the actual output power of the unit to the preset operating power of the unit.
Specifically, the actual output power of the unit and the actual rotation speed of the steam turbine are both derived from the unit operation data, the unit preset operation power, namely the total power required by primary frequency adjustment, is calculated by combining the unit actual output power and the actual rotation speed of the steam turbine, the preset rotation speed of the steam turbine is obtained by multiplying the actual rotation speed of the steam turbine by the ratio of the unit actual output power to the unit preset operation power, and the primary frequency adjustment compensation factor is used for automatically guiding the target thermal power unit to perform primary frequency adjustment according to the preset rotation speed of the steam turbine, so that the adjustment response time is shortened, adverse effects on the quality of the generator set are avoided, and safe and stable operation of a power grid is ensured.
The calculation mode of the first-order frequency adjustment compensation factor is not limited in the application.
According to the application, index calculation is performed based on the fixed frequency of the power grid, and the optimal load compensation quantity is obtained.
Specifically, according to the fixed frequency value 50HZ of the power grid and the obtained power grid frequency amplitude difference, the power grid load compensation quantity and the reference value thereof are obtained, and the load compensation quantity which is most in line with the working condition is obtained through comparison, namely the optimal load compensation quantity of the whole power grid is obtained.
And acquiring unit parameters and unit historical operation data of the grid-connected thermal generator unit. The unit parameters comprise data such as unit rated power, unequal steam turbine rotating speed and the like, and the unit historical operation data comprises data such as unit actual output power and the like.
And obtaining the variable rate of the rotating speed of the steam turbine of the thermal power unit according to the unit parameters, wherein the variable rate is used for measuring the frequency modulation characteristic of the thermal power unit. And then obtaining the historical operation actual power of the unit according to the historical operation data of the unit.
Numerical normalization processing is performed on the rotational speed inequality of the steam turbine, wherein the rotational speed inequality coefficient is obtained by expressing the rotational speed inequality coefficient by specific numbers according to the range of the rotational speed inequality of the steam turbine. The coefficient of the unequal rotation speed is used for measuring the frequency modulation capability of the thermal power unit, and the larger the range of the unequal rotation speed of the steam turbine is, the larger the coefficient of the unequal rotation speed is, which indicates that the stronger the frequency modulation capability of the thermal power unit is.
And then obtaining the frequency modulation load limiting amplitude according to the actual running power of the unit. The frequency modulation load limiting amplitude is set according to the running power of the thermal power generating unit,
And calculating the load compensation quantity of the unit according to the frequency modulation load limiting amplitude and the actual running power of the unit, and multiplying the compensation quantity by a corresponding rotation speed unequal rate coefficient to obtain the preset load compensation quantity of the unit. And finally, multiplying the power grid load compensation quantity by the ratio of the target thermal power unit preset load compensation quantity to all the unit preset load compensation quantities to obtain the optimal load compensation quantity.
The optimal load compensation quantity is obtained through the different rotation speeds of the steam turbines, the frequency modulation load of each thermal power generating unit can be reasonably arranged according to the frequency modulation load of the power grid, the load pressure of the thermal power generating unit is reduced, and meanwhile damage of frequency modulation to the thermal power generating unit machine can be reduced.
To further improve maintenance efficiency, in one embodiment, after S6, the method further includes:
Acquiring the unit parameters and the corresponding frequency modulation limit threshold values of the target thermal power unit;
Generating early warning information when detecting that the frequency modulation amplitude difference of the power grid exceeds the frequency modulation limit threshold value;
And outputting the early warning information to designated power grid operation staff.
When the frequency modulation amplitude difference of the power grid exceeds the frequency modulation limit threshold, early warning information is generated, and power grid operation staff are timely informed, so that the supervision efficiency and maintenance efficiency of power grid operation are improved.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides an intelligent frequency modulation system of the thermal power generating unit, which comprises the following components:
The data acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring real-time operation data and operation parameters of a target thermal power unit, updating the data to a thermal power unit database, acquiring power grid frequency detection data corresponding to a power grid accessed by the target thermal power unit, and updating the data to the power grid database;
the frequency difference detection module 20 is configured to obtain a fixed value of a grid frequency and a set value of the grid frequency when the grid frequency monitoring data exceeds a floating threshold of the grid frequency, so as to obtain a magnitude difference of the grid frequency;
The frequency modulation compensation module 30 is configured to calculate and obtain a load compensation amount, a load compensation amount reference value and an optimal load compensation amount according to the grid fixed frequency value and the grid frequency amplitude difference after the grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a threshold value, obtain a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the operation data set of the target thermal power generating unit and the optimal load compensation amount, and perform grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
Because the intelligent frequency modulation system of the thermal power generating unit is the system corresponding to the intelligent frequency modulation method of the thermal power generating unit, the intelligent frequency modulation system has the same beneficial effects, and the application is not repeated.
In order to improve the operation reliability of the equipment, in one embodiment, the intelligent thermal power generating unit frequency modulation system further comprises a parameter fluctuation correction module connected with the frequency modulation compensation module, wherein the parameter fluctuation correction module is used for placing a primary frequency modulation simulation control model in an environment consistent with the target thermal power generating unit condition to perform simulation operation, calculating and generating a simulation total valve position instruction and a simulation frequency modulation target power, judging that parameter fluctuation occurs after the coincidence degree of the total valve position instruction and the frequency modulation target power with the data consistency of the simulation total valve position instruction and the simulation frequency modulation target power is lower than a threshold value, feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value and performing primary frequency modulation automatic correction, and the primary frequency modulation automatic correction comprises automatic correction of valve flow characteristics, automatic correction of turbine response characteristic parameters and automatic correction of main steam pressure response characteristic parameters.
Comparing the predicted frequency modulation target power, the total valve position instruction and the actual value deviation through calculation; and feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value and carrying out primary frequency modulation automatic correction, wherein the primary frequency modulation automatic correction comprises automatic correction of valve flow characteristics, automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of a steam turbine and automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of main steam pressure, so that the running reliability of equipment is improved.
The frequency modulation method can shorten the frequency modulation response time, avoid adverse effect of frequency modulation on the quality of the generator set, and ensure safe and stable operation of the power grid.
In summary, the method and the system for intelligent frequency modulation of the thermal power generating unit provided by the embodiment of the invention acquire the real-time operation data and the operation parameters of the target thermal power generating unit, update the real-time operation data and the operation parameters to the thermal power generating unit database, acquire the power grid frequency detection data corresponding to the power grid accessed by the target thermal power generating unit, and update the power grid frequency detection data to the power grid database; and when the power grid frequency monitoring data exceeds the power grid frequency floating threshold value, acquiring the power grid frequency amplitude difference. Based on the fixed frequency value of the power grid, the load compensation quantity reference value and the optimal load compensation quantity are obtained according to the power grid frequency amplitude difference, the primary frequency modulation compensation factor is obtained according to the operation data set and the optimal load compensation quantity of the target thermal power unit, and the power grid load frequency modulation is carried out according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor, so that the technical problems that the frequency modulation response speed of the thermal power unit is low and the frequency modulation causes harm to the quality of the thermal power unit can be solved, the frequency modulation response time can be shortened, the adverse influence of frequency modulation on the quality of the generator unit is avoided, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is ensured.
The intelligent frequency modulation method and system for the thermal power generating unit provided by the invention are described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent frequency modulation method for a thermal power generating unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, acquiring real-time operation data and operation parameters of a target thermal power unit, and updating the real-time operation data and the operation parameters to a thermal power unit database;
S2, acquiring power grid frequency detection data corresponding to a power grid accessed by the target thermal power generating unit, and updating the power grid frequency detection data to a power grid database;
S3, when the fact that the power grid frequency monitoring data exceeds a power grid frequency floating threshold value is detected, a power grid frequency fixed value and a power grid frequency set value of the power grid are obtained, and a power grid frequency amplitude difference is obtained;
s4, judging whether the power grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a threshold value;
If so, S5, selecting historical data closest to real-time working conditions for fitting according to the thermal power generating unit database, the power grid database, the unit parameters of the target thermal power generating unit and the power grid frequency amplitude difference, calculating a primary frequency modulation compensation amount in a preset time period of the target thermal power generating unit, taking the primary frequency modulation compensation amount as a primary frequency modulation compensation amount reference value of the target thermal power generating unit, and calculating according to the power grid fixed frequency value, the power grid frequency amplitude difference and the primary frequency modulation compensation amount reference value to obtain a load compensation amount and an optimal load compensation amount;
s6, obtaining a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the operation data set of the target thermal power generating unit and the optimal load compensation quantity;
and S7, carrying out grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
2. The intelligent frequency modulation method of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein S5 comprises:
performing per unit operation in the process of performing output calculation on the three-phase voltage, the three-phase current, the active power, the main steam pressure and the main control instruction;
Calculating the distance between the historical data and the real-time data, and acquiring a distance set and a minimum value of the distance between the historical data and the real-time data;
selecting the nearest specified number of data, converting the compensation quantity of the specified number of data into a value, and then taking an average value as a primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve of the target thermal power generating unit under the corresponding frequency difference;
Acquiring a load compensation quantity reference value according to the primary frequency modulation compensation capacity prediction curve;
Storing parameters and operation data of the target thermal power generating unit and the power grid, wherein the parameters and operation data comprise dead zone value setting, three-phase voltage values, three-phase current values, active power, main control instructions, main steam pressure, frequency difference and 60s primary frequency modulation compensation curve;
And according to the load compensation quantity of the target unit and the load compensation quantity reference value, performing index based on the fixed value of the power grid frequency, and comparing to obtain the load compensation quantity which is most in line with the working condition and is used as the optimal load compensation quantity.
3. The intelligent frequency modulation method of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 2, wherein S5 further comprises:
Constructing a primary frequency modulation simulation control model consistent with the internal structure and parameters of the DCS;
collecting a total valve position instruction and frequency modulation target power when the target thermal power generating unit generates primary frequency modulation action;
placing the primary frequency modulation simulation control model in an environment consistent with the conditions of the target thermal power unit for simulation operation, and calculating to generate a simulation total valve position instruction and simulation frequency modulation target power;
Comparing whether the coincidence degree of the data consistency of the total valve position instruction and the frequency modulation target power and the simulated total valve position instruction and the simulated frequency modulation target power exceeds a threshold value or not;
If yes, the primary frequency modulation control parameter is normal, otherwise, the occurrence of parameter fluctuation is judged.
4. The intelligent frequency modulation method of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 3, further comprising, after determining that the parameter variation occurs:
feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value, performing primary frequency modulation abnormal sensing, and calculating and comparing predicted frequency modulation target power, a total valve position instruction and an actual value deviation;
Feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value and carrying out primary frequency modulation automatic correction, wherein the primary frequency modulation automatic correction comprises automatic correction of valve flow characteristics, automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of a steam turbine and automatic correction of response characteristic parameters of main steam pressure;
the automatic correction of the valve flow characteristics comprises:
Periodically reading the total valve position instruction, the regulating stage pressure and the main steam pressure data of the target thermal power generating unit;
calculating and updating a valve flow characteristic function according to the total valve position instruction, the regulating stage pressure and the main steam pressure data;
The adaptive correction of the main vapor pressure response characteristic parameter includes:
identifying response characteristic parameters under different working conditions through the primary frequency modulation disturbance test of the target thermal power generating unit;
writing response characteristic parameters under various working conditions into the database, and enabling the database to realize full coverage of nonlinear characteristics of the response characteristic parameters along with the increase of disturbance times;
selecting optimal parameters in the database according to the similarity index J to predict primary frequency modulation performance;
the automatic correction of the response characteristic parameters of the steam turbine comprises automatic correction of the power proportion of the high, medium and low pressure cylinders.
5. The intelligent frequency modulation method of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein at S5 further comprises:
According to the parameters of the target thermal power generating unit, when the power grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a dead zone, obtaining the optimal load compensation quantity of the target thermal power generating unit;
updating and calculating a plurality of power average values in real time to be used as power values at the initial moment of the dead zone;
According to the real-time frequency and the active power of the power grid, the response time and the electric quantity contribution rate of the unit are calculated and compared with the check value, and in a preset time period, the output state of the target thermal power unit is corrected according to the power grid frequency amplitude difference and with the economic optimum as a target;
calculating a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to the unit operation database, the power grid operation database and the load optimal compensation amount;
And carrying out grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
6. The intelligent frequency modulation method of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein S5 comprises:
carrying out standardization treatment on dead zone set values of steam turbines of the target thermal power generating unit;
acquiring a set value of the maximum variation amplitude of the active power of the target thermal power unit participating in primary frequency modulation according to the historical operation data of the target thermal power unit;
and obtaining a preset value of the load compensation quantity of the unit according to the set value of the maximum variation amplitude of the active power and the set value of the dead zone.
7. The intelligent frequency modulation method of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein S6 comprises:
Acquiring real-time operation power data of the target thermal power generating unit;
calculating preset operating power of the unit according to the unit actual output power in the operating parameters of the target thermal power unit and the actual rotating speed of the steam turbine;
obtaining a primary frequency adjustment compensation factor according to the preset operating power, and guiding the target thermal power generating unit to perform primary frequency adjustment according to the preset rotating speed of the steam turbine through the primary frequency adjustment compensation factor;
The preset rotating speed of the steam turbine is the ratio of the actual rotating speed of the steam turbine multiplied by the actual output power of the unit to the preset operating power of the unit.
8. The intelligent frequency modulation method of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, further comprising, after S6:
Acquiring the unit parameters and the corresponding frequency modulation limit threshold values of the target thermal power unit;
Generating early warning information when detecting that the frequency modulation amplitude difference of the power grid exceeds the frequency modulation limit threshold value;
And outputting the early warning information to designated power grid operation staff.
9. An intelligent frequency modulation system of a thermal power generating unit, which is characterized by comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time operation data and operation parameters of the target thermal power unit, updating the real-time operation data and the operation parameters to a thermal power unit database, acquiring power grid frequency detection data corresponding to a power grid accessed by the target thermal power unit, and updating the power grid frequency detection data to the power grid database;
The frequency difference detection module is used for acquiring a grid frequency fixed value and a grid frequency set value of the power grid when the grid frequency monitoring data exceeds a grid frequency floating threshold value, and acquiring a grid frequency amplitude difference;
And the frequency modulation compensation module is used for selecting historical data closest to a real-time working condition for fitting according to the thermal power generating unit database, the power grid database, the unit parameters of the target thermal power generating unit and the power grid frequency amplitude difference after the power grid frequency amplitude difference exceeds a threshold value, calculating a primary frequency modulation compensation quantity within a preset time period of the target thermal power generating unit to be used as a primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value of the target thermal power generating unit, calculating according to the power grid fixed frequency value, the power grid frequency amplitude difference and the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value to obtain a load compensation quantity and an optimal load compensation quantity, obtaining a primary frequency modulation compensation factor according to an operation data set of the target thermal power generating unit and the optimal load compensation quantity, and carrying out power grid load frequency modulation on the target thermal power generating unit according to the primary frequency modulation compensation factor.
10. The intelligent frequency modulation system of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 9, further comprising a parameter fluctuation correction module connected with the frequency modulation compensation module, wherein the parameter fluctuation correction module is used for performing simulation operation on a primary frequency modulation simulation control model under an environment consistent with the target thermal power generating unit condition, calculating and generating a simulation total valve position instruction and a simulation frequency modulation target power, judging that parameter fluctuation occurs after the coincidence degree of the data consistency of the total valve position instruction and the frequency modulation target power with the simulation total valve position instruction and the simulation frequency modulation target power is lower than a threshold value, feeding back the primary frequency modulation compensation quantity reference value and performing primary frequency modulation automatic correction, and the primary frequency modulation automatic correction comprises automatic correction of valve flow characteristics, automatic correction of steam turbine response characteristic parameters and automatic correction of main steam pressure response characteristic parameters.
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