CN118068446A - Method and device for calibrating magnetic logging instrument - Google Patents
Method and device for calibrating magnetic logging instrument Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic logging, and particularly relates to a method and a device for calibrating a magnetic logging instrument. Acquiring relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated; inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, and outputting a first indication parameter set; and calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration device by using the first indication parameter set, so as to help to improve the calibration accuracy of the magnetic logging instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic logging, and particularly relates to a method and a device for calibrating a magnetic logging instrument.
Background
The magnetic logging instrument comprises a magnetic three-component logging instrument and an inclinometer, and the principle of the magnetic logging instrument is that a high-precision magnetic field sensor is used for measuring. The magnetic logging instrument calibration device can reproduce parameter indexes such as standard magnetic field, temperature, azimuth angle, apex angle and the like, and can calibrate the magnetic three-component logging instrument and the inclinometer by using the standard quantity value reproduced by the device.
In the prior art, the calibration content mainly comprises calibration work of indication errors, temperature characteristics, zero offset, time drift, temperature drift, stability, repeatability and the like, and errors possibly exist in the calibration process due to environmental temperature factors, repeatability introducing factors, instrument factors and other factors, so that the magnetic logging instrument calibration device cannot realize the accurate calibration of angle errors at different geographic positions and at different measurement depths.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for calibrating a magnetic logging tool, which solves the problem that in the prior art, errors may exist due to environmental temperature factors, repeatability introducing factors, instrument factors and other factors during calibration, so that the magnetic logging tool calibration apparatus cannot perform precision calibration.
According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of magnetic logging tool calibration, comprising:
acquiring relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated; wherein, the magnetic logging instrument includes: a inclinometer and a magnetic three-component logging instrument; the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated comprise: indicating error parameters, temperature characteristic parameters, stability parameters and repeatability parameters;
Inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, and outputting a first indication parameter set;
And calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logger to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logger calibration device by using the first indication parameter set.
Further, the inputting the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, and outputting a first indication parameter set includes:
If the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated is an inclinometer, inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset first calibration model to obtain uncertainty of relative synthesis standard of an indication value of the inclinometer and uncertainty brought by a given angle value of the non-magnetic turntable;
if the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated is a magnetic three-component logging instrument, inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset second calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the synthesis standard of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument;
wherein, the calibration model of the preset magnetic logging instrument comprises: a first calibration model, a second calibration model;
A first set of indication parameters, comprising: uncertainty of relative synthesis standard of inclinometer indication value, uncertainty brought by a given angle value of a non-magnetic turntable, and uncertainty of synthesis standard of a calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument.
Further, the inputting the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset first calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the relative synthesis standard of the indicating value of the inclinometer and the uncertainty brought by the given angle value of the nonmagnetic turntable includes:
Measuring uncertainty components introduced by repeatability by using the repeatability parameters and a first operation rule preset in a magnetic logging instrument calibration model;
Obtaining the relative synthesis standard uncertainty of the inclinometer indication value through a preset relative synthesis standard uncertainty formula by using a preset clamping angle repeatability-induced uncertainty component, a preset environment temperature factor-induced uncertainty component and a repeatability-induced uncertainty component;
And obtaining the uncertainty brought by the given angle value of the nonmagnetic turntable by using a preset synthetic standard uncertainty formula of the angle measurement uncertainty of the nonmagnetic turntable by using an uncertainty component introduced by the autocollimator and the polyhedral metal prism, an uncertainty component introduced by the measurement repeatability, an uncertainty component introduced by the rotation precision and an uncertainty component introduced by the angular position positioning precision.
Further, the first operation rule includes:
Obtaining a preset standard deviation;
Measuring an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly through a first formula by using a preset standard deviation and a background set measurement frequency;
Wherein, the first formula, as shown in formula (1), comprises:
（1）。
Further, the preset relative synthesis standard uncertainty formula, as shown in formula (2), includes:
（2）
Wherein u 1 represents an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly, u 2 represents an uncertainty component introduced by a preset environmental temperature factor, and u 3 represents an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly by a preset clamping angle; wherein u 1、u2、u3 are independent of each other.
Further, the synthesis standard uncertainty formula of the preset angle measurement uncertainty of the nonmagnetic turntable, as shown in formula (3), comprises:
（3）
Wherein u 31 represents a preset autocollimator and a uncertainty component 、u32 introduced by a polyhedral metal prism, a uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, u 33 represents an uncertainty component introduced by rotation precision, and u 34 represents an uncertainty component introduced by angular position positioning precision;
wherein u 31、u32、u33、u34 are independent of each other.
Further, the inputting the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset second calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the synthetic standard of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument includes:
Obtaining a measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability by using the repeatability parameter and a second operation rule preset in a magnetic logging instrument calibration model;
And obtaining the synthetic standard uncertainty of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument through a second synthetic standard uncertainty formula by using a preset measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, a measurement uncertainty component introduced by a standard magnetic field and a measurement uncertainty component introduced by an interference magnetic field.
Further, the second operation rule includes:
Obtaining preset standard deviation data by using the repeatability parameters;
And obtaining a measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability by using the preset standard deviation data and the preset repeated measurement times.
Further, the second synthesis standard uncertainty formula, as shown in formula (4), includes:
（4）
Where u (B) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, u (B0) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by the standard magnetic field, and u (δB) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by the interfering magnetic field.
According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for calibrating a magnetic logging tool, the apparatus comprising:
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated and the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated; wherein, the magnetic logging instrument includes: a inclinometer and a magnetic three-component logging instrument; the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated comprise: indicating error parameters, temperature characteristic parameters, stability parameters and repeatability parameters;
The first data processing module is used for inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model and outputting a first indication parameter set;
and the calibration module is used for calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration device by utilizing the first indication parameter set.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can comprise the following beneficial effects:
It can be appreciated that the technical scheme provided by the invention is that the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated and the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated are obtained; inputting the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, and outputting a first indication parameter set; and calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logger to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logger calibration device by using the first indication parameter set. According to a first indicating parameter set output in a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, the magnetic logging instrument calibration device is used for calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths, so that the calibration precision of the magnetic logging instrument calibration device can be improved, errors possibly caused by environmental temperature factors, repeatability introducing factors, instrument factors and other factors in the calibration process can be effectively overcome, and the problem that the magnetic logging instrument calibration device cannot realize the precision calibration of the angle errors at different geographic positions and different measurement depths is solved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of magnetic tool calibration according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the apparatus composition of a magnetic tool calibration according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with aspects of the invention as detailed in the accompanying claims.
Examples
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for magnetic tool calibration, according to an exemplary embodiment, the method comprising:
S1, acquiring a magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated and related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated; wherein, the magnetic logging instrument includes: a inclinometer and a magnetic three-component logging instrument; the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated comprise: indicating error parameters, temperature characteristic parameters, stability parameters and repeatability parameters;
s2, inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, and outputting a first indication parameter set;
S3, calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration device by utilizing the first indication parameter set.
In one embodiment, as shown in step S1, acquiring the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated and the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated includes:
acquiring a inclinometer to be tested and a magnetic three-component logging instrument to be tested; wherein the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated include: an indication error parameter, a temperature characteristic parameter, a stability parameter, a repeatability parameter, a zero bias parameter of a magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated, a time drift parameter of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated, a temperature drift parameter of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated and the like.
In particular implementations, a magnetic logging tool includes: the principle of the magnetic three-component logging instrument and the inclinometer is that the high-precision magnetic field sensor is used for measurement. The magnetic logging instrument calibration device can reproduce parameter indexes such as standard magnetic field, temperature, azimuth angle, apex angle and the like, and can calibrate the magnetic three-component logging instrument and the inclinometer by using the standard quantity value reproduced by the device.
In one embodiment, as shown in step S2, inputting the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging tool to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging tool calibration model, and outputting a first indication parameter set, including:
If the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated is an inclinometer, inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset first calibration model to obtain uncertainty of relative synthesis standard of an indication value of the inclinometer and uncertainty brought by a given angle value of the non-magnetic turntable;
if the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated is a magnetic three-component logging instrument, inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset second calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the synthesis standard of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument;
wherein, the calibration model of the preset magnetic logging instrument comprises: a first calibration model, a second calibration model;
A first set of indication parameters, comprising: uncertainty of relative synthesis standard of inclinometer indication value, uncertainty brought by a given angle value of a non-magnetic turntable, and uncertainty of synthesis standard of a calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument.
Further, the inputting the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset first calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the relative synthesis standard of the indicating value of the inclinometer and the uncertainty brought by the given angle value of the nonmagnetic turntable includes:
Measuring uncertainty components introduced by repeatability by using the repeatability parameters and a first operation rule preset in a magnetic logging instrument calibration model;
Obtaining the relative synthesis standard uncertainty of the inclinometer indication value through a preset relative synthesis standard uncertainty formula by using a preset clamping angle repeatability-induced uncertainty component, a preset environment temperature factor-induced uncertainty component and a repeatability-induced uncertainty component;
And obtaining the uncertainty brought by the given angle value of the nonmagnetic turntable by using a preset synthetic standard uncertainty formula of the angle measurement uncertainty of the nonmagnetic turntable by using an uncertainty component introduced by the autocollimator and the polyhedral metal prism, an uncertainty component introduced by the measurement repeatability, an uncertainty component introduced by the rotation precision and an uncertainty component introduced by the angular position positioning precision.
Further, the first operation rule includes:
Obtaining a preset standard deviation;
Measuring an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly through a first formula by using a preset standard deviation and a background set measurement frequency;
Wherein, the first formula, as shown in formula (1), comprises:
In specific implementation, the effective detection center of the well inclination logger is aligned with the position of the standard magnitude central point, proper vertex angle and azimuth angle are selected, the measurement times are required to be not less than 10 times, and the standard deviation s is calculated;
Bringing the calculated standard deviation s and the number of measurements n into equation 1 above, yields the uncertainty component introduced by repeatability 。
Further, the preset relative synthesis standard uncertainty formula, as shown in formula (2), includes:
（2）
Wherein u 1 represents an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly, u 2 represents an uncertainty component introduced by a preset environmental temperature factor, and u 3 represents an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly by a preset clamping angle; wherein u 1、u2、u3 are independent of each other.
Further, the synthesis standard uncertainty formula of the preset angle measurement uncertainty of the nonmagnetic turntable, as shown in formula (3), comprises:
（3）
Wherein u 31 represents a preset autocollimator and a uncertainty component 、u32 introduced by a polyhedral metal prism, a uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, u 33 represents an uncertainty component introduced by rotation precision, and u 34 represents an uncertainty component introduced by angular position positioning precision;
wherein u 31、u32、u33、u34 are independent of each other.
Further, the inputting the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset second calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the synthetic standard of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument includes:
Obtaining a measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability by using the repeatability parameter and a second operation rule preset in a magnetic logging instrument calibration model;
And obtaining the synthetic standard uncertainty of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument through a second synthetic standard uncertainty formula by using a preset measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, a measurement uncertainty component introduced by a standard magnetic field and a measurement uncertainty component introduced by an interference magnetic field.
Further, the second operation rule includes:
Obtaining preset standard deviation data by using the repeatability parameters;
And obtaining a measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability by using the preset standard deviation data and the preset repeated measurement times.
Further, the second synthesis standard uncertainty formula, as shown in formula (4), includes:
（4）
Where u (B) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, u (B0) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by the standard magnetic field, and u (δB) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by the interfering magnetic field.
Further, in one embodiment, the inclinometer uses gyroscopes and fluxgates to measure parameters such as well inclination, well inclination azimuth, etc. The calibration of the inclinometer mainly refers to the calibration of parameters such as well inclination angle, magnetic azimuth angle and the like of the inclinometer, and the working principle is that the inclinometer is fixed on a non-magnetic rotary table calibration device, the indicating value of the inclinometer calibration device is taken as a standard value, and the measured value of the calibrated inclinometer is compared with the standard value of the inclinometer calibration device through setting and adjusting different states of the calibration device, so that the measurement error of the calibrated inclinometer is obtained.
In the concrete implementation, acquiring an indication error parameter, a temperature characteristic parameter, a stability parameter and a repeatability parameter of the inclinometer through various experiments; the uncertainty of the result is calibrated by utilizing various parameters, and the specific steps are as follows:
1. Acquiring an indication error parameter:
(1) Setting the well bevel angles of the non-magnetic rotary table to be 0 degree and 3 degrees respectively, adjusting the rotary table to enable the magnetic azimuth angles to be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree respectively, and recording well inclination angle indication values of all the postures of the inclinometer.
(2) The turntable is adjusted to enable the well bevel angles to be respectively 10 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 90 degrees, and when each well bevel angle is used, the magnetic azimuth angles are respectively 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees, and well bevel angles and magnetic azimuth angle indication values of all postures of the inclinometer are recorded.
(3) And filling all recorded data into a inclinometer calibration recording table, calculating measurement errors of an inclination angle and a magnetic azimuth angle of the inclinometer in each posture according to the recorded data, and taking the largest one of the measurement errors of each parameter as the largest measurement error of the corresponding parameter of the inclinometer. The maximum measurement error δ is calculated as the following equation 5:
δ=θ-φ（5）
Wherein:
Delta-maximum measurement error in degrees (°);
θ—inclinometer measurement indication in degrees (°);
phi-set value in degrees (deg.).
2. Acquiring temperature characteristic parameters:
(1) And selecting a proper well inclination angle and azimuth angle. And placing the inclinometer in a non-magnetic high-low temperature box, and recording well oblique angle, magnetic azimuth angle and temperature indication value of the inclinometer at room temperature after the inclinometer to be tested works stably.
(2) And starting the high-low temperature box to work, so that the temperature of the temperature box is increased from room temperature to the highest test temperature (the highest test temperature is not lower than 90% of the highest working temperature of the inclinometer sensor), the duration time of the inclinometer at the highest test temperature is not lower than 20 min, and observing and recording the well inclination angle, the magnetic azimuth angle and the temperature indication value of the inclinometer at each temperature point.
3. Stability parameters:
the effective detection center of the inclinometer is aligned with the position of the center point of the standard magnitude, proper vertex angle and azimuth angle are selected, 1 group is measured every 1h, 9 groups are measured, the measurement times of each group are not less than 10 times, and the stability delta of the inclinometer is calculated according to the following formula.
（6）
Wherein:
Delta-stability of the instrument under test,%;
-an arithmetic mean of the j-th set of measurements;
-arithmetic mean of the measurements of group 1.
4. Repeatability parameters:
the inclinometer is effectively detected to be aligned with the standard magnitude central point, proper vertex angle and azimuth angle are selected, the required measurement times are not less than 10 times, and the repeatability V of the inclinometer is calculated according to the following formula.
（7）
Wherein:
V-repeatability of the test instrument,%;
n-number of measurements;
ni-the ith measurement result;
-arithmetic mean of n measurements.
In particular implementations, using the parameters obtained above, the calibration process can be generalized by analysis to the following two aspects: uncertainty u c (Z) caused by the indication value of the high-precision inclinometer, and uncertainty u c (lambda) caused by the given angle value of the nonmagnetic turntable.
(1) Uncertainty u c (Z) introduced by high-precision inclinometer indication
① Measurement of uncertainty of repeatability introduction u 1 (Z)
Aligning the effective detection center of the well logging instrument with the position of the standard magnitude center point, selecting proper vertex angle and azimuth angle, requiring measurement times to be not less than 10 times, calculating the standard deviation s, and introducing the calculated standard deviation s and the measurement times n into the above formula 1 to obtain uncertainty components introduced by repeatability。
② U 2 (Z) of uncertainty introduced by ambient temperature factors
The environmental temperature factors comprise two aspects of temperature measurement errors and environmental temperature fluctuation in the measurement process. The characteristic designed by the borehole inclinometer aiming at the severe environment is that the influence of the environmental temperature change on the mountain-conveying signal of the acceleration sensor is not obvious, and the influence can be ignored, namely: u2 (Z) =0.
③ Uncertainty u 3 (Z) introduced by non-perpendicular clamping bearing main shaft and clamping locating surface
The influence component mainly considers that errors exist in machining and assembling of the non-magnetic turntable clamp and the cylindrical rod of the inclinometer. The influence of cylindricity on the surface of a measuring rod of the inclinometer belongs to the category of random sample inspection, and class A uncertainty is counted. The contour degree processing of the positioning groove can be controlled within the manufacturing process capability range, only uncertainty components introduced by repeatability of clamping angles are considered, and the uncertainty components can be obtained from experimental data.
Since u 1(Z)～u3 (Z) are independent of each other, the relative synthetic standard uncertainty of the inclinometer readings can be expressed by equation 2 above.
(2) The non-magnetic turntable gives a degree of certainty u c (lambda) for an indefinite angle value.
① Uncertainty u 31 introduced by autocollimator and polyhedral metal prisms.
The uncertainty of the auto-collimator and the uncertainty component introduced by the magnitude of the facetted metal prisms is given by the certification certificate, which obeys a normal distribution.
② Uncertainty component u 32 introduced by measurement repeatability.
And obtaining the repeatability deviation of the measuring angle according to the design experience of the triaxial nonmagnetic turntable, wherein the repeatability deviation is subjected to normal distribution.
③ Uncertainty u 33 introduced by the slewing accuracy.
The rotation accuracy is a range of error movement of the turntable due to mechanical reasons and the like, and is obtained according to a rotation accuracy detection report.
④ Uncertainty u 34 introduced by the angular position location accuracy.
Due to the reasons of mechanical structure and the like, angular position positioning accuracy deviation is caused, and the angular position positioning accuracy deviation is obtained according to an angular position positioning accuracy detection report and is subjected to normal distribution.
⑤ Uncertainty caused by given angle value of non-magnetic turntable。
Taking into account the respective influence amounts, and the respective uncertainty components are independent and uncorrelated, the resultant standard uncertainty of the nonmagnetic turntable angle measurement uncertainty is expressed by the above-described formula 3.
Further, the synthetic uncertainty is represented by the formula:
（8）
further, the expansion uncertainty is as follows:
Taking k=2 expansion uncertainty as:
（9）
In one embodiment, the magnetic three-component tool is a geologic tool that is used in a borehole (in the well) to measure the depth of three orthogonal vectors of the earth's magnetic field along the well axis. The calibration process of the magnetic three-component logging instrument can be summarized by analysis as follows: a measurement uncertainty component u (B) introduced by measurement repeatability; a measurement uncertainty component u (B0) introduced by the standard magnetic field and a measurement uncertainty component u (δB) introduced by the interfering magnetic field.
(1) Measurement uncertainty component u introduced by measurement repeatability (B)
The measurement uncertainty component of the measurement repeatability primer is expressed by the experimental standard deviation of the measurement result, and then:
（10）
Wherein: Experimental standard deviation of one-to-one multiple measurement result;
n is equal to or greater than 6, and the number of times of measurement is repeated one by one.
(2) Measurement uncertainty component u introduced by standard magnetic fields (B0)
The standard magnetic field should be calibrated, which is obtained with an extended uncertainty given by the inclusion factor k=2.
(3) Measurement uncertainty component u introduced by interfering magnetic fields (δB)
The working area interferes with the magnetic field, assuming it is subject to uniform distribution.
(4) The uncertainty components of each measurement are independent and uncorrelated, and the influence quantity is considered, so that the uncertainty of the synthetic standard of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument is as follows:
（5）（11）
(5) Taking k=2 expansion uncertainty as:
（12）
In specific implementation, the content of calibration mainly comprises indication errors, temperature characteristics, zero offset, time drift, temperature drift, stability, repeatability and the like. The specific calibration process is as follows:
1 indication error
(1) 6 Points comprising the upper limit, the lower limit and the middle value of the measuring range of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated are selected, and the points to be calibrated are evenly distributed on the selected measuring range.
(2) And placing the central probe position of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated in the center of the magnetic field coil, and adjusting the non-magnetic turntable to enable the magnetic axis of the probe of the magnetic logging instrument to be parallel to the magnetic axis of the magnetic field coil. When the magnetic axis is adjusted to the maximum value of the calibrated magnetic logging instrument, the magnetic axis of the probe and the magnetic axis of the magnetic field coil can be considered to be parallel.
(3) And regulating the output current of the steady flow source to enable the working area of the magnetic field coil to reproduce the magnetic field of the first calibration point.
(4) And recording the indication value of the calibrated magnetic logging instrument.
(5) And calculating the indication error of the corrected magnetic logging instrument according to the following formula.
△B=Bx-Bo（13）
Wherein:
DeltaB-the error in the indication of the fluxgate magnetometer being calibrated, nT;
B x -an indication of the fluxgate magnetometer being calibrated, nT;
B o -the magnetic field value reproduced by the standard magnetic field system, nT.
(6) At other calibration points, the operations of (3) to (5) are repeated.
2. Zero offset
(1) And a magnetic field compensation method is selected, and a magnetic field coil is adjusted to obtain a zero magnetic field space.
(2) And placing the central position of the probe of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into the central point of the zero magnetic space, and recording the indication value B+ of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated.
(3) The magnetic field of the zero magnetic space is kept unchanged, the direction of the probe of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated is changed by 180 degrees, and the indication value B < - > of the magnetic logging instrument is recorded.
(4) The zero offset of the calibrated magnetic logging instrument is calculated as follows.
BZ= B+-B-（14）
Wherein:
B Z zero offset, nT, of a magnetic logging instrument;
b+ is a positive indication value, nT, of the magnetic logging instrument in a zero magnetic field;
And B-reverse indication value of the one-to-one magnetic logging instrument in a zero magnetic field, nT.
3. Time float
(1) The magnetic field calibration point is selected according to the technical requirements of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated, and the zero point or the 1X 104 nT near point can be selected.
(2) And (3) selecting drift time and recording time interval according to the technical requirement of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated, wherein the drift time is 3 min, and the recorded data is generally not less than 11 groups.
(3) And placing the calibrated magnetic logging instrument probe into a working area, keeping the magnetic field unchanged, and recording the indication value of the calibrated magnetic logging instrument according to the selected time interval.
(4) And (3) calculating the time drift of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated according to the formula (3).
Bi= Bmax-Bmin（15）
Wherein:
b i time drift of the corrected magnetic logging instrument, nT;
Bmax-the maximum indication of the magnetic logging instrument being calibrated during the selected drift time, nT;
bmin is the minimum value of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated within the selected drift time, nT;
4. Temperature drift
(1) Selecting a magnetic field calibration point according to the technical requirements of the calibrated magnetic logging instrument; either the zero point or the 1 x 104 nT point of approach may be selected.
(2) Selecting a temperature calibration point according to the technical requirements of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated; generally, 7 temperature points which are uniformly distributed in a temperature range are selected, the upper limit and the lower limit of the temperature points are covered, and the room temperature can be selected as the initial temperature.
(3) And reproducing the selected magnetic field in the working area, and placing the center of the probe of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated in the center of the working area. An indication of the calibrated tool at the starting temperature is recorded.
(4) The magnetic field of the working area is kept unchanged, the working temperature of the non-magnetic high-low temperature system is changed, and the indication value of the corrected fluxgate magnetometer is recorded at other temperature points.
(5) And calculating the temperature drift of the corrected magnetic logging instrument according to the following formula.
BT=BTX-BT0（16）
Wherein:
b T is calibrated to drift, nT of the magnetic logging instrument when the temperature is T;
B TX is one-to-one corrected magnetic logging instrument, which is an indication value, nT, of the temperature of the corrected magnetic logging instrument when the temperature is T;
B T0 is one-to-one indicator of the corrected magnetic logging instrument at the initial temperature, nT.
(6) And drawing a BT-T curve.
5. Stability of
The effective detection center of the magnetic logging instrument is aligned with the center point of the standard magnitude, a proper magnetic field is selected, 1 group is measured every 1h, 9 groups are measured, the measurement times of each group are not less than 10 times, and the stability delta of the instrument is calculated according to the following formula.
（17）
Wherein:
Delta-stability of the instrument under test,%;
-an arithmetic mean of the j-th set of measurements;
-arithmetic mean of the measurements of group 1.
6. Repeatability of
The effective detection center of the magnetic logging instrument is aligned with the center point position of the standard magnitude, a proper magnetic field value is selected, the required measurement times are not less than 10 times, and the repeatability V of the instrument is calculated according to the following formula.
（18）
Wherein:
V-repeatability of the test instrument,%;
n-number of measurements;
ni-the ith measurement result;
-arithmetic mean of n measurements.
In specific implementation, the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated and the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated are obtained; inputting the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, and outputting a first indication parameter set; and calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logger to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logger calibration device by using the first indication parameter set. According to a first indicating parameter set output in a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, the magnetic logging instrument calibration device is used for calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths, so that the calibration precision of the magnetic logging instrument calibration device can be improved, errors possibly caused by environmental temperature factors, repeatability introducing factors, instrument factors and other factors in the calibration process can be effectively overcome, and the problem that the magnetic logging instrument calibration device cannot realize the precision calibration of the angle errors at different geographic positions and different measurement depths is solved.
Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus for magnetic tool calibration, according to an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprising:
An acquisition module 10, configured to acquire a magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated and related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated; wherein, the magnetic logging instrument includes: a inclinometer and a magnetic three-component logging instrument; the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated comprise: indicating error parameters, temperature characteristic parameters, stability parameters and repeatability parameters;
The first data processing module 20 is configured to input relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, and output a first indication parameter set;
And the calibration module 30 is configured to calibrate, by using the first indication parameter set, an angle error of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated at different geographic positions and at different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration device.
It is to be understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be referred to each other, and that in some embodiments, the same or similar parts in other embodiments may be referred to.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and further implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps carried out in the method of the above-described embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and where the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. The integrated modules may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product.
The above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of magnetic tool calibration, the method comprising:
acquiring relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated; wherein, the magnetic logging instrument includes: a inclinometer and a magnetic three-component logging instrument; the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated comprise: indicating error parameters, temperature characteristic parameters, stability parameters and repeatability parameters;
Inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model, and outputting a first indication parameter set;
And calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logger to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logger calibration device by using the first indication parameter set.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein inputting the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging tool to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging tool calibration model, outputting a first set of indicating parameters, comprises:
If the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated is an inclinometer, inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset first calibration model to obtain uncertainty of relative synthesis standard of an indication value of the inclinometer and uncertainty brought by a given angle value of the non-magnetic turntable;
if the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated is a magnetic three-component logging instrument, inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset second calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the synthesis standard of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument;
wherein, the calibration model of the preset magnetic logging instrument comprises: a first calibration model, a second calibration model;
A first set of indication parameters, comprising: uncertainty of relative synthesis standard of inclinometer indication value, uncertainty brought by a given angle value of a non-magnetic turntable, and uncertainty of synthesis standard of a calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein inputting the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset first calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the relative synthesis standard of the inclinometer indication value and the uncertainty caused by the given angle value of the nonmagnetic turntable comprises:
Measuring uncertainty components introduced by repeatability by using the repeatability parameters and a first operation rule preset in a magnetic logging instrument calibration model;
Obtaining the relative synthesis standard uncertainty of the inclinometer indication value through a preset relative synthesis standard uncertainty formula by using a preset clamping angle repeatability-induced uncertainty component, a preset environment temperature factor-induced uncertainty component and a repeatability-induced uncertainty component;
And obtaining the uncertainty brought by the given angle value of the nonmagnetic turntable by using a preset synthetic standard uncertainty formula of the angle measurement uncertainty of the nonmagnetic turntable by using an uncertainty component introduced by the autocollimator and the polyhedral metal prism, an uncertainty component introduced by the measurement repeatability, an uncertainty component introduced by the rotation precision and an uncertainty component introduced by the angular position positioning precision.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the first operation rule comprises:
Obtaining a preset standard deviation;
Measuring an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly through a first formula by using a preset standard deviation and a background set measurement frequency;
Wherein, the first formula, as shown in formula (1), comprises:
（1）。
5. a method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined relative synthesis standard uncertainty formula, as shown in formula (2), comprises:
（2）
Wherein u 1 represents an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly, u 2 represents an uncertainty component introduced by a preset environmental temperature factor, and u 3 represents an uncertainty component introduced repeatedly by a preset clamping angle; wherein u 1、u2、u3 are independent of each other.
6. A method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined synthetic standard uncertainty formula for the angle measurement uncertainty of the nonmagnetic turntable, as shown in formula (3), comprises:
（3）
Wherein u 31 represents a preset autocollimator and a uncertainty component 、u32 introduced by a polyhedral metal prism, a uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, u 33 represents an uncertainty component introduced by rotation precision, and u 34 represents an uncertainty component introduced by angular position positioning precision;
wherein u 31、u32、u33、u34 are independent of each other.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein inputting the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging tool to be calibrated into a preset second calibration model to obtain the uncertainty of the synthetic standard of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging tool comprises:
Obtaining a measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability by using the repeatability parameter and a second operation rule preset in a magnetic logging instrument calibration model;
And obtaining the synthetic standard uncertainty of the calibrated high-precision magnetic logging instrument through a second synthetic standard uncertainty formula by using a preset measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, a measurement uncertainty component introduced by a standard magnetic field and a measurement uncertainty component introduced by an interference magnetic field.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the second operation rule comprises:
Obtaining preset standard deviation data by using the repeatability parameters;
And obtaining a measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability by using the preset standard deviation data and the preset repeated measurement times.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the second synthesis criterion uncertainty formula, as shown in equation (4), comprises:
（4）
Where u (B) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by measurement repeatability, u (B0) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by the standard magnetic field, and u (δB) represents the measurement uncertainty component introduced by the interfering magnetic field.
10. An apparatus for calibrating a magnetic logging tool, the apparatus comprising:
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated and the related parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated; wherein, the magnetic logging instrument includes: a inclinometer and a magnetic three-component logging instrument; the relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated comprise: indicating error parameters, temperature characteristic parameters, stability parameters and repeatability parameters;
The first data processing module is used for inputting relevant parameters of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated into a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration model and outputting a first indication parameter set;
and the calibration module is used for calibrating the angle errors of the magnetic logging instrument to be calibrated at different geographic positions and different measurement depths through a preset magnetic logging instrument calibration device by utilizing the first indication parameter set.
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