CN118068208A - Battery health state estimation method and device - Google Patents
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 19
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery state of health estimation method and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of voltage intervals of a battery to be estimated, wherein the voltage intervals are obtained through a relation curve of capacity increment and voltage corresponding to the battery to be estimated; acquiring a historical second capacity increment of each voltage interval recorded currently, wherein the historical second capacity increment is a second capacity increment updated last time; for the voltage interval, determining a second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature, and updating a historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval; and determining the battery health state of the battery to be estimated based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval. According to the invention, the battery health state of the battery to be estimated is determined by using the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval, and the estimation result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, in particular to a battery health state estimation method and device.
Background
The lithium ion battery has been widely used at present due to the advantages of high single voltage, large energy, long cycle life, good safety performance, environmental friendliness and the like. However, as the number of times of battery cycle use and the use time increase, the battery gradually ages, the capacity gradually decays, and the internal resistance gradually increases.
The State of Health (SOH) not only characterizes the current storage capacity of the Battery and the current performance State of the Battery, but also has an important effect on the estimation and control of the State parameters of the Battery Management System (BMS) MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. In particular, the State of Charge (SOC) of a battery is critical to estimation of the State of Charge (SOC), prediction of remaining energy, and equalization control.
Currently, there are several methods for estimating the state of health of a battery:
the method comprises the following steps: the battery is subjected to off-line test by adopting charge-discharge equipment, and the charge-discharge capacity of a battery pack (the battery pack is generally referred to as a combined battery) is tested, so that the current battery health state is calculated. The method requires the customers to detect the health state of the battery pack in a maintenance mode at regular intervals after sale, the testing time is long, after sale network stations are provided with charging and discharging cabinets, and the practicability is poor. But this approach does not take into account the effect of ambient temperature.
The second method is as follows: when the battery is subjected to the working conditions of standing, charging and discharging and standing, an open-circuit voltage in a standing state is utilized to inquire an OCV-SOC (battery open-circuit voltage OCV-battery state of charge SOC, abbreviated as OCV-SOC) curve, and the current available capacity of the battery is calculated, so that the state of health of the battery is estimated. According to the method, the battery health state cannot be accurately estimated through standing, charging and discharging and then standing, the test time is long, and the influence of the current environment temperature is not considered, so that the calculated current battery available capacities at different temperatures are different.
And a third method: firstly, testing a relation curve of the accumulated charge-discharge capacity of the battery and the state of health of the battery in an off-line manner, then counting the accumulated charge-discharge capacity of the battery on line by utilizing the BMS, and obtaining the current state of health of the battery in a table look-up mode. The method is only suitable for estimating the state of health of the battery under a specific aging path, and for the battery packs actually assembled under different application scenes, the actual aging rule of the battery is different due to the difference of the use habits of users, the difference of the ambient temperature and the difference of working conditions, and the estimated error is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of inaccurate estimation of the state of health of the battery in the prior art, thereby providing a method and a device for estimating the state of health of the battery.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for estimating a state of health of a battery, including the steps of:
Optionally, acquiring a plurality of voltage intervals of the battery to be estimated, wherein the voltage intervals are obtained through a relation curve of capacity increment and voltage corresponding to the battery to be estimated;
Acquiring a historical second capacity increment of each voltage interval recorded currently, wherein the historical second capacity increment is a second capacity increment updated last time;
Determining a second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature for the voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval; if a first voltage interval which does not currently measure the corresponding first capacity increment exists in the voltage interval, determining the second capacity increment of the first voltage interval according to the second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment which correspond to the voltage interval adjacent to the first voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment which corresponds to the first voltage interval;
and determining the battery health state of the battery to be estimated based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval.
Optionally, the first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval is converted into the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval by the following formula:
Cap Normal temperature ＝a·(K Normal temperature 2-K Currently, the method is that 2)+b·(K Normal temperature -K Currently, the method is that )+Cap Currently, the method is that
Wherein Cap Normal temperature is the second capacity increment, K Normal temperature is the first preset temperature, K Currently, the method is that is the current temperature, cap Currently, the method is that is the first capacity increment, and a and b are conversion coefficients.
Optionally, the conversion coefficient is obtained by:
acquiring the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval of the first target battery which is not aged at the first preset temperature;
Acquiring the first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval of the first target battery which is not aged at a second preset temperature; the first target battery is the battery to be estimated or the battery with the same type as the battery to be estimated;
and calculating the conversion coefficient by using the first preset temperature, the second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature and the first capacity increment corresponding to the second preset temperature.
Optionally, for the voltage interval, after determining the corresponding second capacity increment at the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature, the method further includes:
Determining a change amplitude of the second capacity increment according to the currently determined second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment for the voltage interval;
Judging whether the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval exceeds a preset variation amplitude corresponding to the current temperature;
And when the change amplitude exceeds the preset change amplitude, determining a new second capacity increment as the current second capacity increment of the voltage interval according to the historical second capacity increment and the preset change amplitude.
Optionally, for the voltage interval, after determining the corresponding second capacity increment at the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature, the method further includes:
Determining a change amplitude of the second capacity increment by using the second capacity increment currently determined by the voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment;
judging whether the difference value of the variation amplitudes corresponding to two adjacent voltage intervals exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
When the difference exceeds the preset threshold, determining a new variation amplitude as the variation amplitude of the voltage interval with larger variation amplitude based on the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval with smaller variation amplitude;
for the voltage interval with the larger change amplitude, determining a new second capacity increment as the second capacity increment of the voltage interval with the larger change amplitude based on the new change amplitude and the historical second capacity increment.
Optionally, the relationship curve corresponding to the battery to be estimated is obtained by the following steps:
Charging a second target battery with a preset current from the full-discharge cut-off voltage; the second target battery is the battery to be estimated or the battery with the same type as the battery to be estimated;
Respectively acquiring corresponding reference capacity increment after the second target battery rises by preset voltage;
And establishing the relation curve based on the corresponding reference capacity increment after the second target battery rises by a preset voltage.
Optionally, the determining the battery health status of the battery to be estimated based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval includes:
Determining the charging capacity of the battery to be estimated, wherein the charging capacity is the sum of the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval;
And determining the battery health state based on the charging capacity and a reference battery capacity, wherein the reference battery capacity is the battery capacity of the battery to be estimated in an unaged state.
According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery state of health estimation apparatus, including:
The first acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of voltage intervals of the battery to be estimated, wherein the voltage intervals are obtained through a relation curve of capacity increment corresponding to the battery to be estimated and voltage;
The second acquisition module is used for acquiring a historical second capacity increment of each voltage interval recorded currently, wherein the historical second capacity increment is a second capacity increment updated last time;
The updating module is used for determining a second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature for the voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval; if a first voltage interval which does not currently measure the corresponding first capacity increment exists in the voltage interval, determining the second capacity increment of the first voltage interval according to the second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment which correspond to the voltage interval adjacent to the first voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment which corresponds to the first voltage interval;
And the determining module is used for determining the battery health state of the battery to be estimated based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval.
According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: the battery state estimating system comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are in communication connection, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions so as to execute the battery state estimating method.
According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the above-described battery state of health estimation method.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. According to the embodiment of the invention, according to a plurality of obtained voltage intervals of the battery to be estimated, a first capacity increment at the current temperature is measured for the voltage intervals, a second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature is determined according to the first capacity increment, a second capacity increment corresponding to the first voltage interval is determined according to the second capacity increment corresponding to the adjacent voltage interval of the first voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment, and the battery health state of the battery to be estimated is determined based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval. In this embodiment, a voltage interval of the battery to be estimated is determined according to the relation curve, and a first capacity increment corresponding to the measured voltage interval at the current temperature is converted into a second capacity increment at a first preset temperature, so that the battery health state estimation of the battery to be estimated is not affected by the ambient temperature, and the accuracy of the estimation is ensured. And, the second capacity increment of the voltage interval can be updated once every time the battery is charged, and because the battery is frequently charged when the user uses the battery every day, the second capacity increment of each voltage interval of the battery in an aging state can be accurately obtained based on the statistical data of repeated charging. And the battery health state of the battery to be estimated is determined by using the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval, and the estimation result is more accurate.
2. In this embodiment, the iterative update of the second capacity increment of each voltage interval is performed based on the actual use condition of the battery, and the estimation of the battery state of health is also gradually close to the actual state of health of the battery to be estimated along with the increase of the iteration times, so that the problems of different actual use conditions of different batteries, aging of the battery and the like are fully considered.
3. In this embodiment, by drawing a relationship curve of the battery to be measured, the charging voltage intervals of the battery are divided based on the characteristics of different capacity fading rates of different voltage intervals of the battery to be measured, so that the battery management system can count the charging capacity increment condition of each voltage interval online.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart showing a specific example of a battery state of health estimation method in embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a specific example of the relationship in embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing a specific example of a battery state of health estimation apparatus in embodiment 2 of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific example of a computer device in embodiment 3 of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be communicated inside the two components, or can be connected wirelessly or in a wired way. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a battery state of health estimation method that can be executed by a device such as a computer device mounted on a vehicle, and that can perform data acquisition, calculation, and the like by the device such as the computer device, thereby realizing state of health estimation of a battery, as shown in fig. 1, including the steps of:
Step S101, a plurality of voltage intervals of the battery to be estimated are obtained, wherein the voltage intervals are obtained through a relation curve of capacity increment and voltage corresponding to the battery to be estimated. In this embodiment, the relationship curve between the capacity increment and the voltage corresponding to the battery to be estimated is also referred to as a capacity increment curve.
The battery to be estimated can be a ternary lithium battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery and the like, and also can be a lead-acid battery, and the ternary lithium battery is taken as an example, and the working voltage interval of the ternary lithium battery is generally 2.5V-4.2V. The obtained multiple voltage intervals of the ternary lithium battery can be: [2.5,2.8 ], [2.8,3.2 ], [3.2,3.5 ], [3.5,3.65 ], [3.65,3.85 ], [3.85,4.05 ], [4.05,4.15), and [4.15,4.2].
The voltage intervals are obtained through a capacity increment curve corresponding to the battery to be estimated, and the capacity increment curve can be shown in fig. 2. The capacity increment curve can be a relation curve of the capacity increment of the battery to be estimated and the voltage, and can also be a relation curve of the capacity increment of the battery with the same type or the same type of the battery to be estimated and the voltage. Taking a ternary lithium battery as an example, if the battery to be estimated is a ternary lithium battery A, the capacity increment curve can be a relation curve of the capacity increment and the voltage of the ternary lithium battery A, or can be a relation curve of the capacity increment and the voltage of a ternary lithium battery B, and the ternary lithium battery A and the ternary lithium battery B are batteries of the same type or the same type.
Step S102, obtaining a historical second capacity increment of each voltage interval recorded currently, wherein the historical second capacity increment is a second capacity increment updated last time.
After determining the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval, recording and storing the determined second capacity increment, wherein each voltage interval corresponds to the current recorded historical second capacity increment, and the historical second capacity increment is the last updated second capacity increment. For the newly shipped battery, the manufacturer can determine and record the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval.
Illustrating: and (3) measuring for the N-2 th time, determining and recording a second capacity increment M1 corresponding to the voltage interval, measuring for the N-1 th time, determining and recording a second capacity increment M2 corresponding to the voltage interval, and determining that the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval is M3 in the current N-th measurement. When the second capacity increment M2 of the N-1 th time is determined, the second capacity increment M1 is updated to be the second capacity increment M2, and the second capacity increment M2 is a historical second capacity increment for the second capacity increment M3 corresponding to the voltage interval determined by the N-th time.
Step S103, for the voltage interval, determining a second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature, and updating the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval.
Because of the usage habit of people, each battery to be estimated generally does not use the lowest discharge voltage, if the lowest discharge voltage of the battery to be estimated is 2.5V, the residual voltage after the use of people is possibly 3.85V, and the battery to be estimated is charged from 3.85V; and possibly 3.95V, the battery to be estimated will be charged from 3.95V. And charging the battery to be estimated at the current temperature according to the voltage interval, and measuring a first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval with the capacity increment.
Specifically, under the current ambient temperature, when the voltage of the battery to be estimated reaches one of the lower voltage interval limits in the charging process, the statistics of the capacity increment of the voltage interval is started, and when the upper voltage interval limit is reached, the statistics of the capacity increment of the voltage interval is ended. By way of example, assuming a current temperature of 20 ℃, when the voltage of the battery to be estimated reaches 3.85V, starting to count the capacity increment of the [3.85,4.05 ] voltage interval; and when the voltage of the battery to be estimated reaches 4.05, ending counting the capacity increment of the voltage interval [3.85,4.05 ].
And determining a second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval at a first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval measured at the current temperature. The first preset temperature may be an indoor normal temperature of 25 ℃. And updating the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval.
And the voltage interval smaller than the residual voltage cannot be measured and obtained to obtain the first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval because the voltage interval is not charged. If a first voltage interval which does not currently measure the corresponding first capacity increment exists in the voltage interval, determining the second capacity increment of the first voltage interval according to a change difference value between the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval adjacent to the first voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment, and updating the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the first voltage interval.
For example, if the first voltage interval [3.65,3.85 ] does not measure the corresponding first capacity increment, but the adjacent voltage interval [3.85,4.05) measures the corresponding first capacity increment to be Q1, the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval [3.85,4.05) is Q2, the change difference value of the voltage interval [3.85,4.05 ] is determined to be Q1-Q2, the preset multiple of the change difference value can be taken, the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the first voltage interval [3.65,3.85) is determined, the current second capacity increment of the first voltage interval [3.65,3.85) is determined, and the historical second capacity increment of the first voltage interval [3.65,3.85) is updated.
Step S104, determining the battery health state of the battery to be estimated based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval.
When the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval is determined, the voltage interval comprises a first voltage interval in which the corresponding first capacity increment is not measured currently, and the battery health state of the battery to be estimated is determined according to the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval. The first voltage interval is a voltage interval in which the first capacity increment is not measured currently.
In this embodiment, according to a plurality of obtained voltage intervals of the battery to be estimated, a first capacity increment at a current temperature is measured for the voltage intervals, a second capacity increment corresponding to a first preset temperature is determined according to the first capacity increment, a second capacity increment corresponding to the first voltage interval is determined according to the second capacity increment corresponding to an adjacent voltage interval of the first voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment, and a battery health state of the battery to be estimated is determined based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval. Due to the influence of the ambient temperature, the attenuation trends of the battery capacities of different SOC intervals are different, and in the embodiment, the aging characteristic of the battery to be estimated at the current temperature and the actual use condition of the battery to be estimated are comprehensively considered. In this embodiment, a voltage interval of the battery to be estimated is determined according to the relation curve, and a first capacity increment corresponding to the measured voltage interval at the current temperature is converted into a second capacity increment at a first preset temperature, so that the battery health state estimation of the battery to be estimated is not affected by the ambient temperature, and the estimation accuracy is ensured. And, the second capacity increment of the voltage interval can be updated once every time the battery is charged, and because the battery is frequently charged when the user uses the battery every day, the second capacity increment of each voltage interval of the battery in an aging state can be accurately obtained based on the statistical data of repeated charging. And the battery health state of the battery to be estimated is determined by using the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval, and the estimation result is more accurate.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval is converted into the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval by the following formula:
Cap a first preset temperature ＝a·(K a first preset temperature 2-K Currently, the method is that 2)+b·(K a first preset temperature -K Currently, the method is that )+Cap Currently, the method is that
Wherein Cap a first preset temperature is the second capacity increment, K a first preset temperature is the first preset temperature, K Currently, the method is that is the current temperature, cap Currently, the method is that is the first capacity increment, and a and b are conversion coefficients.
A. The conversion coefficient b can be calibrated in advance through off-line test, one voltage interval is determined, and the second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature can be calculated according to the current temperature, the first capacity increment corresponding to the current temperature and the first preset temperature substituted into the formula.
Wherein, K a first preset temperature may be an absolute temperature corresponding to a first preset temperature, K Currently, the method is that may be an absolute temperature corresponding to a current temperature, and the first preset temperature and the current temperature may be a temperature of fahrenheit.
As an alternative implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, the conversion coefficient is obtained by:
Step S201, obtaining the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval of the first target battery that is not aged at the first preset temperature.
Step S202, obtaining the first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval of the first target battery which is not aged at a second preset temperature; the first target battery is the battery to be estimated or the battery with the same type as the battery to be estimated
Step S203, calculating the conversion coefficient by using the first preset temperature, the second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature, and the first capacity increment corresponding to the second preset temperature.
The first preset temperature may be an indoor normal temperature of 25 ℃, and the second preset temperature may be a temperature corresponding to an environment where the battery to be estimated is often located. The second capacity increment of the unaged first target battery at the first preset temperature and the first capacity increment at the second preset temperature can be obtained through offline testing of the first target battery. The first target battery can be the battery to be estimated, and can also be the battery with the same type or the same type as the battery to be estimated.
Specifically, a second capacity increment corresponding to one or more voltage intervals of the first target battery which is not aged at the first preset temperature can be obtained. And the same is true. And acquiring the first capacity increment corresponding to one or more voltage intervals of the first target battery which is not aged at the second preset temperature. However, when the conversion coefficient is calculated, the obtained voltage intervals of the first target battery at the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature are preferably the same, so that the accuracy of calculation of the conversion coefficient can be improved.
The conversion coefficients a, b can be calculated by the following formula:
Cap a first preset temperature ＝a·(K a first preset temperature 2-T a second preset temperature 2)+b·(K a first preset temperature -T a second preset temperature )+Q a second preset temperature
wherein Cap a first preset temperature is the second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature, K a first preset temperature is the first preset temperature, T a second preset temperature is the second preset temperature, Q a second preset temperature is the first capacity increment corresponding to the second preset temperature, and a and b are conversion coefficients. Wherein, K a first preset temperature may be an absolute temperature corresponding to a first preset temperature, T a second preset temperature may be an absolute temperature corresponding to a second preset temperature, and the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature may be a temperature of fahrenheit.
In this embodiment, to improve accuracy of conversion coefficient calculation, a second capacity increment corresponding to a voltage interval at a first preset temperature may be obtained; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first capacity increment of a voltage interval which is the same as a first preset temperature at a second preset temperature, and obtaining a first capacity increment of another voltage interval at the second preset temperature. Substituting the second preset temperature acquired according to the two voltage intervals and the first capacity increment corresponding to the second preset temperature into a formula for calculating the conversion coefficient, wherein the first capacity increment corresponds to the first preset temperature and the first capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature respectively, so that the conversion coefficients a and b are calculated. In this embodiment, the conversion coefficients a and b may be calculated according to the same voltage interval corresponding to the plurality of second preset temperatures.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, after determining, for the voltage interval, a corresponding second capacity increment at a first preset temperature according to a first capacity increment measured at a current temperature, the method further includes:
Step S301, for the voltage interval, determining a variation amplitude of the second capacity increment according to the currently determined second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment.
For example, for [3.85,4.05) voltage interval, assuming that the currently determined second capacity increment is M3 and the historical second capacity increment is M2, the change amplitude of the second capacity increment is determined by using the second capacity increment M3 and the historical second capacity increment M2. The magnitude of the second capacity increment change may be determined in a manner of [ (M3-M2)/M2 ] ×100%.
Step S302, determining whether the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval exceeds a preset variation amplitude corresponding to the current temperature.
The preset variation range may be set according to the temperature, for example: when the current temperature is below 20 ℃ or above 45 ℃, the preset change amplitude can be +/-1%; when the current temperature is within the range of [20,45 ]. Degree.C, the preset variation range can be + -2%.
As described above, the voltage intervals smaller than the remaining voltage cannot be measured to obtain the first capacity increment corresponding to each first voltage interval smaller than the remaining voltage since the voltage intervals are not charged. If the first voltage interval corresponding to the first capacity increment is not measured, the second capacity increment of the first voltage interval can be determined according to the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval adjacent to the first voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment. Therefore, in order to improve the judgment efficiency, each first voltage section may not participate in the judgment.
If the corresponding first capacity increment is not obtained by the last measurement and the corresponding first capacity increment is obtained by the current measurement, whether the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval exceeds the preset variation amplitude corresponding to the current temperature can be further judged.
And step S303, when the change amplitude exceeds the preset change amplitude, determining a new second capacity increment as the current second capacity increment of the voltage interval according to the historical second capacity increment and the preset change amplitude.
In the process of actually measuring the capacity increment, sampling abnormality, calculation error and the like sometimes occur, and the variation amplitude of the voltage interval is overlarge. When the change amplitude exceeds the preset change amplitude, a new second capacity increment is determined as the current second capacity increment of the voltage interval according to the preset change amplitude determined by the current temperature and the historical second capacity increment of the voltage interval.
For example, assuming that the current temperature is 30 ℃, the corresponding preset variation amplitude is ±2%, and for [3.85,4.05) voltage intervals, assuming that the variation amplitude of the voltage interval is 3%, if the variation amplitude of the voltage interval exceeds the preset variation amplitude, the variation amplitude of the voltage interval is redetermined to be 2%. Further, according to the historical second capacity increment of the voltage interval and the redetermined change amplitude, namely the preset change amplitude, a new second capacity increment is determined as the current second capacity increment of the voltage interval.
In this embodiment, the abnormal problem that may occur when the capacity increment is measured is fully considered, so that the stability of the second capacity increment change is ensured, and further, the accuracy of the battery state of health estimation is improved.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, after determining, for the voltage interval, a corresponding second capacity increment at a first preset temperature according to a first capacity increment measured at a current temperature, the method further includes:
step S401, determining a change amplitude of the second capacity increment by using the second capacity increment currently determined in the voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment.
Step S402, determining whether the difference value of the variation amplitudes corresponding to the two adjacent voltage intervals exceeds a preset threshold.
As described above, each battery to be estimated generally does not use the lowest discharge voltage due to the usage habit of people, but once the lowest discharge voltage is used, it is necessary to start charging from the lowest discharge voltage, and the time interval between two times of charging from the lowest discharge voltage tends to be longer. Similarly, for the low voltage interval, the first capacity increment at the current temperature is not measured every time, so that the change of the first capacity increment measured twice is larger, and further, the second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature determined according to the first capacity increment is larger in phase difference, namely the change amplitude is larger. Therefore, it is possible to further determine whether the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage section can be used to estimate the battery state of health by determining whether the difference in the variation magnitudes of the adjacent two voltage sections exceeds the preset threshold.
In the present embodiment, the case where the voltage interval corresponding to the first capacity increment is measured is mainly aimed at.
Step S403, when the difference exceeds the preset threshold, determining a new variation amplitude as the variation amplitude of the voltage interval with larger variation amplitude based on the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval with smaller variation amplitude.
Illustrating: the preset threshold value is 20%, and if the variation amplitude of the [2.8,3.2 ] voltage interval is 22% and the variation amplitude of the [3.2,3.5) voltage interval is 1.5%, the difference value of the variation amplitudes corresponding to two adjacent voltage intervals exceeds the preset threshold value. A new magnitude of change may be determined as the magnitude of change of the voltage interval of [2.8,3.2) based on the magnitude of change of the voltage interval of [3.2,3.5 ].
The change width of the preset multiple corresponding to the voltage interval with the smaller change width can be used as the change width of the voltage interval with the larger change width, and the preset multiple can be 0.5 times, etc.
Step S404, for the voltage interval with the larger variation amplitude, determining a new second capacity increment as the second capacity increment of the voltage interval with the larger variation amplitude based on the new variation amplitude and the historical second capacity increment.
And calculating a new second capacity increment according to the determined new change amplitude and the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval, wherein the new second capacity increment is used as the second capacity increment of the voltage interval. And then the second capacity increment of the voltage interval is used for estimating the battery health state of the battery to be estimated.
In this embodiment, the iterative calculation of the second capacity increment in different voltage intervals is performed based on the actual use conditions of the battery, and the estimation of the battery health status is also gradually close to the actual health status of the battery to be measured along with the increase of the iteration times, so that the problems of different actual use conditions of different batteries, aging of the battery and the like are fully considered.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, after determining, for the voltage interval, a corresponding second capacity increment at a first preset temperature according to a first capacity increment measured at a current temperature, the method further includes:
Step S501 may determine, for the voltage interval, a change amplitude of the second capacity increment according to the currently determined second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment;
Step S502, judging whether the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval exceeds a preset variation amplitude corresponding to the current temperature;
Step S503, when the variation amplitude exceeds the preset variation amplitude, determining a new second capacity increment as the current second capacity increment of the voltage interval according to the historical second capacity increment and the preset variation amplitude.
Step S504, determining the change amplitude of the second capacity increment by using the second capacity increment currently determined in the voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment;
step S505, judging whether the difference value of the variation amplitudes corresponding to two adjacent voltage intervals exceeds a preset threshold value;
Step S506, when the difference exceeds the preset threshold, determining a new variation amplitude as the variation amplitude of the voltage interval with larger variation amplitude based on the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval with smaller variation amplitude;
Step S507, for the voltage interval with the larger variation amplitude, determining a new second capacity increment as the second capacity increment of the voltage interval with the larger variation amplitude based on the new variation amplitude and the historical second capacity increment.
In this embodiment, after determining whether the change amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval exceeds the preset change amplitude corresponding to the current temperature, and determining a new second capacity increment according to the historical second capacity increment and the preset change amplitude as the current second capacity increment of the voltage interval when the change amplitude exceeds the preset change amplitude, determining the change amplitude of the second capacity increment by using the second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment currently determined by the voltage interval again. Judging whether the difference value of the variation amplitudes corresponding to the two adjacent voltage intervals exceeds a preset threshold value or not according to the re-determined variation amplitudes; when the difference exceeds a preset threshold, determining a new variation amplitude as the variation amplitude of the voltage interval with larger variation amplitude based on the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval with smaller variation amplitude; finally, a new second capacity increment is determined as the second capacity increment of the voltage interval with larger variation amplitude based on the new variation amplitude and the historical second capacity increment. The above-mentioned process has been described in the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be described here again.
In this embodiment, the method considers both the possible abnormal problems during the measurement of the capacity increment and the problems of different actual use conditions of different batteries, aging of the batteries, and the like, thereby further improving the accuracy of estimating the state of health of the battery to be estimated.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, the relationship curve corresponding to the battery to be estimated is obtained through the following steps:
Charging a second target battery with a preset current from the full-discharge cut-off voltage; the second target battery is the battery to be estimated or the battery with the same type as the battery to be estimated;
Respectively acquiring corresponding reference capacity increment after the second target battery rises by preset voltage;
And establishing the relation curve based on the corresponding reference capacity increment after the second target battery rises by a preset voltage.
In this embodiment, a second target battery may be used, or a plurality of second target batteries may be used, where the second target battery is the same as the first target battery, and may be a battery to be estimated, a battery of the same type as the battery to be estimated, or a battery of the same type as the battery to be estimated. In this embodiment, the second target batteries with different aging degrees may be used, and at the same temperature, the charging is performed at a preset current from the full discharge cutoff voltage, that is, from the lowest discharge voltage. And respectively acquiring corresponding reference capacity increment of the second target battery after each preset voltage rise, and establishing a relation curve based on the corresponding reference capacity increment of the second target battery after each preset voltage rise.
The specific establishment process of the relation curve is as follows:
(1) The same type of batteries as 5 batteries to be estimated or the same type of batteries to be estimated are selected as cell_1, cell_2, cell_3, cell_4 and cell_5 respectively. The aging time of cell_1-cell_5 is sequentially shortened, namely the aging time of cell_1 is longest, batteries with different aging durations of cell_1-cell_5 are placed in an incubator, and the incubator is kept stand for a period of time at the ambient temperature of the indoor temperature (example: 2 hours).
(2) Discharging the batteries of the cell_1-cell_5 with different aging durations to a full discharge cut-off voltage (2.8V) at a fixed current (0.3C, for example);
(3) Batteries of different aging durations of cell_1-cell_5 were allowed to stand for a period of time (e.g., 15 minutes);
(4) Batteries with different ageing durations of Cell_1-Cell_5 are charged to full charge cut-off voltage (4.2V) at constant current of fixed current (0.3C, for example);
(5) Counting the capacity increment of the battery when the batteries with different aging durations of the cell_1-cell_5 rise by a certain voltage (for example, 0.1V);
(6) Drawing a relation curve of batteries with different aging durations of the cell_1-cell_5 respectively;
(7) Dividing a charging voltage interval according to the relation curve, and ensuring that a peak on the curve is not divided; (example, the ternary lithium battery charging voltage interval is divided into seven intervals of [ 2.8.3.2 ], [ 3.2.3.5 ], [ 3.5.3.65 ], [ 3.65.85 ], [ 3.85.4.05) ], [ 4.05.4.15), and [ 4.15.4.2 ]. It should be noted that, the voltage difference corresponding to the peak value of the capacity increment corresponding to each voltage of the different aged batteries is not large, so the same voltage interval can be divided.
The relation curve in the embodiment can be used as a reference basis for acquiring a plurality of voltage intervals, so that the curve peak value of the relation curve is ensured not to be divided. And the battery charging voltage interval is divided based on the characteristics of different capacity fading rates of different voltage intervals of the battery to be tested by drawing a relation curve of the battery to be tested, so that the battery management system BMS can count the charging capacity increment condition of each voltage interval on line.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the determining, based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval, the battery health status of the battery to be estimated includes:
Determining the charging capacity of the battery to be estimated, wherein the charging capacity is the sum of the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval;
And determining the battery health state based on the charging capacity and a reference battery capacity, wherein the reference battery capacity is the battery capacity of the battery to be estimated in an unaged state.
In this embodiment, the ratio of the charge capacity of the battery to be estimated to the reference battery capacity is calculated to determine the battery state of health of the battery to be estimated.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a battery state of health estimation apparatus, which may be used to perform the battery state of health estimation method in the foregoing embodiment 1, where the apparatus may be disposed inside a server or other devices, and the modules cooperate with each other, so as to implement estimation of the battery state of health, as shown in fig. 3, and the apparatus includes:
The first obtaining module 201 is configured to obtain a plurality of voltage intervals of the battery to be estimated, where the plurality of voltage intervals are obtained through a relationship curve of a capacity increment corresponding to the battery to be estimated and a voltage;
A second obtaining module 202, configured to obtain a historical second capacity increment of each voltage interval recorded currently, where the historical second capacity increment is a second capacity increment updated last time;
The updating module 203 is configured to determine, for the voltage interval, a second capacity increment corresponding to a first preset temperature according to a first capacity increment measured at a current temperature, and update the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval; if a first voltage interval which does not currently measure the corresponding first capacity increment exists in the voltage interval, determining the second capacity increment of the first voltage interval according to the second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment which correspond to the voltage interval adjacent to the first voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment which corresponds to the first voltage interval;
The determining module 204 is configured to determine a battery health status of the battery to be estimated based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each of the voltage intervals.
In this embodiment, according to a plurality of obtained voltage intervals of the battery to be estimated, a first capacity increment at a current temperature is measured for the voltage intervals, a second capacity increment corresponding to a first preset temperature is determined according to the first capacity increment, a second capacity increment corresponding to the first voltage interval is determined according to the second capacity increment corresponding to an adjacent voltage interval of the first voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment, and a battery health state of the battery to be estimated is determined based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval. In this embodiment, the aging characteristic of the battery to be estimated and the actual use condition of the battery to be estimated are comprehensively considered, and the second capacity increment of each voltage interval of the battery to be estimated at the first preset temperature is respectively determined according to the relation curve. The second capacity increment of each voltage interval can be updated once when the battery is charged once, and because the battery is charged frequently when the user uses the battery every day, the second capacity increment of each voltage interval of the battery in an aging state can be accurately obtained based on the statistical data of repeated charging. And the battery health state of the battery to be estimated is determined by using the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval, and the estimation result is more accurate.
For a specific description of the above device portion, reference may be made to the above method embodiment, and no further description is given here.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a computer device, as shown in fig. 4, which includes a processor 301 and a memory 302, where the processor 301 and the memory 302 may be connected by a bus or other means, and in fig. 4, the connection is exemplified by a bus.
The processor 301 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU). The Processor 301 may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DIGITAL SIGNAL processors, DSPs), graphics processors (Graphics Processing Unit, GPUs), embedded neural network processors (Neural-network Processing Unit, NPUs) or other special purpose deep learning coprocessors, application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), field-Programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., or a combination of the above.
The memory 302 serves as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules, such as a battery state of health estimation method in an embodiment of the invention. Corresponding program instructions/modules. The processor 301 executes various functional applications of the processor and data processing by running non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 302, i.e., implementing the battery state of health estimation method in the method embodiments described above.
Memory 302 may also include a storage program area that may store an operating system, at least one application program required for functionality, and a storage data area; the storage data area may store data created by the processor 301, etc. In addition, memory 302 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 302 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 301, such remote memory being connectable to processor 301 through a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The memory 302 stores one or more modules that, when executed by the processor 301, perform the battery state of health estimation method of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
The details of the above-mentioned computer device may be understood correspondingly with respect to the corresponding relevant descriptions and effects in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and will not be repeated here.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that can perform the battery state of health estimation method in any of the above embodiments. Wherein the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a hard disk (HARD DISK DRIVE, abbreviated as HDD), a Solid state disk (Solid-state-STATE DRIVE, SSD), or the like; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A battery state of health estimation method, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a plurality of voltage intervals of a battery to be estimated, wherein the voltage intervals are obtained through a relation curve of capacity increment and voltage corresponding to the battery to be estimated;
Acquiring a historical second capacity increment of each voltage interval recorded currently, wherein the historical second capacity increment is a second capacity increment updated last time;
Determining a second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature for the voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval; if a first voltage interval which does not currently measure the corresponding first capacity increment exists in the voltage interval, determining the second capacity increment of the first voltage interval according to the second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment which correspond to the voltage interval adjacent to the first voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment which corresponds to the first voltage interval;
and determining the battery health state of the battery to be estimated based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval.
2. The battery state of health estimation method of claim 1, wherein the first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval is converted to the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval by the following formula:
Cap Normal temperature ＝a·(K Normal temperature 2-K Currently, the method is that 2)+b·(K Normal temperature -K Currently, the method is that )+Cap Currently, the method is that
Wherein Cap Normal temperature is the second capacity increment, K Normal temperature is the first preset temperature, K Currently, the method is that is the current temperature, cap Currently, the method is that is the first capacity increment, and a and b are conversion coefficients.
3. The battery state of health estimation method of claim 2, wherein the conversion coefficient is obtained by:
acquiring the second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval of the first target battery which is not aged at the first preset temperature;
Acquiring the first capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval of the first target battery which is not aged at a second preset temperature; the first target battery is the battery to be estimated or the battery with the same type as the battery to be estimated;
and calculating the conversion coefficient by using the first preset temperature, the second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature, the second preset temperature and the first capacity increment corresponding to the second preset temperature.
4. The battery state of health estimation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein after determining a corresponding second capacity increment at a first preset temperature from a first capacity increment measured at a current temperature for the voltage interval, further comprising:
Determining a change amplitude of the second capacity increment according to the currently determined second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment for the voltage interval;
Judging whether the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval exceeds a preset variation amplitude corresponding to the current temperature;
And when the change amplitude exceeds the preset change amplitude, determining a new second capacity increment as the current second capacity increment of the voltage interval according to the historical second capacity increment and the preset change amplitude.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein after determining the corresponding second capacity increment at the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature for the voltage interval, further comprising:
Determining a change amplitude of the second capacity increment by using the second capacity increment currently determined by the voltage interval and the historical second capacity increment;
judging whether the difference value of the variation amplitudes corresponding to two adjacent voltage intervals exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
When the difference exceeds the preset threshold, determining a new variation amplitude as the variation amplitude of the voltage interval with larger variation amplitude based on the variation amplitude corresponding to the voltage interval with smaller variation amplitude;
for the voltage interval with the larger change amplitude, determining a new second capacity increment as the second capacity increment of the voltage interval with the larger change amplitude based on the new change amplitude and the historical second capacity increment.
6. The battery state of health estimation method of claim 1, wherein said relationship is obtained by:
Charging a second target battery with a preset current from the full-discharge cut-off voltage; the second target battery is the battery to be estimated or the battery with the same type as the battery to be estimated;
Respectively acquiring corresponding reference capacity increment after the second target battery rises by preset voltage;
And establishing the relation curve based on the corresponding reference capacity increment after the second target battery rises by a preset voltage.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the battery state of health of the battery to be estimated based on the corresponding second capacity increment for each of the voltage intervals comprises:
Determining the charging capacity of the battery to be estimated, wherein the charging capacity is the sum of the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval;
And determining the battery health state based on the charging capacity and a reference battery capacity, wherein the reference battery capacity is the battery capacity of the battery to be estimated in an unaged state.
8. A battery state of health estimation apparatus, comprising:
The first acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of voltage intervals of the battery to be estimated, wherein the voltage intervals are obtained through a relation curve of capacity increment corresponding to the battery to be estimated and voltage;
The second acquisition module is used for acquiring a historical second capacity increment of each voltage interval recorded currently, wherein the historical second capacity increment is a second capacity increment updated last time;
The updating module is used for determining a second capacity increment corresponding to the first preset temperature according to the first capacity increment measured at the current temperature for the voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment corresponding to the voltage interval; if a first voltage interval which does not currently measure the corresponding first capacity increment exists in the voltage interval, determining the second capacity increment of the first voltage interval according to the second capacity increment and the historical second capacity increment which correspond to the voltage interval adjacent to the first voltage interval, and updating the historical second capacity increment which corresponds to the first voltage interval;
And the determining module is used for determining the battery health state of the battery to be estimated based on the second capacity increment corresponding to each voltage interval.
9. A computer device, comprising:
A memory and a processor in communication with each other, the memory having stored therein computer instructions, the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the battery state of health estimation method of any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the battery state of health estimation method of any one of claims 1-7.
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