CN118066706A - Microwave heat tracing device, solid oxide fuel cell and IGFC power generation system - Google Patents
Microwave heat tracing device, solid oxide fuel cell and IGFC power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a microwave heat tracing device, solid oxide fuel cell and IGFC power generation system, wherein, this microwave heat tracing device is used for heating the vapor in the steam line of solid oxide fuel cell, microwave heat tracing device includes microwave source, resonant tank and a plurality of waveguide case, the inside of resonant tank has the resonant cavity, the resonant tank is used for the cover to establish outside the steam line, so that at least part the steam line is located in the resonant cavity, every waveguide case's inside all has the waveguide chamber, every waveguide case all installs on the outer wall of resonant tank and every waveguide chamber of waveguide case all with the resonant cavity intercommunication, the microwave source is used for to the waveguide intracavity transmission microwave. The microwave heating device utilizes microwaves to heat the water vapor in the steam pipeline, so that the overall temperature of liquid water in the water vapor is increased, the heating effect is more uniform, and the heating efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells, in particular to a microwave heat tracing device, a solid oxide fuel cell and a IGFC power generation system.
Background
Currently, in solid oxide fuel cells, electric tracing technology is generally used to heat the steam line to reduce the liquid water content in the steam. In the electric tracing technology, a heat tracing pipe or a heat tracing belt is generally arranged on the outer wall of a steam pipeline, and liquid water in the steam pipeline wall is heated by means of heat conduction effect so as to be changed into water vapor. Because the heating depends on contact heat transfer, the heat tracing pipe or the heat tracing belt needs to be in close contact with the steam pipeline to ensure the heat tracing effect, and in the practical application process, tiny gaps are very easy to occur between the heat tracing pipe or the heat tracing belt and the steam pipeline, so that the heat transfer effect is poor, and further the problems of heat conduction dispersion, non-uniformity and low heating efficiency are caused.
While heating the non-uniform steam fluid is very prone to becoming wet steam (i.e., steam containing liquid water), this wet steam can cause the following problems: firstly, liquid water in the wet steam increases the water film thickness of the heat exchange surface, and reduces the steam quality and the heat transfer efficiency; secondly, due to steam phase change, the density of saturated steam is misaligned, so that the steam flow cannot be accurately measured; third, during the vapor transmission process, the high-speed flowing vapor fluid will push a large amount of liquid water (dispersed water droplets) to continuously strike the side wall of the pipeline, the valve and other devices, so that not only the speed of the vapor is weakened, but also the system noise and the system vibration (vibration) are generated, and even the valve and the related measurement devices are not normal (even fail) to work, which greatly influences the safety of the system operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides a microwave heat tracing device, a solid oxide fuel cell, and IGFC power generation system, which can be used to solve the problems of uneven heating of water vapor and low heating efficiency in the related art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a microwave heat tracing device for heating water vapor in a steam pipe of a solid oxide fuel cell, the microwave heat tracing device including a microwave source, a resonant tank, and a plurality of waveguide tanks, the resonant tank having a resonant cavity inside thereof, the resonant tank being configured to be housed outside the steam pipe so that at least a part of the steam pipe is located inside the resonant cavity, each waveguide tank having a waveguide cavity inside thereof, each waveguide tank being mounted on an outer wall of the resonant tank and each waveguide cavity of the waveguide tank being in communication with the resonant cavity, the microwave source being configured to emit microwaves into the waveguide cavity.
Optionally, the resonant cavity is configured as a cuboid, and a first through hole and a second through hole are respectively formed on two opposite side walls of the resonant tank, and the first through hole and the second through hole are used for the steam pipeline to pass through;
the axis of the first through hole and the axis of the second through hole are collinear with the vertical central line of the resonant cavity, and the waveguide cavities of the waveguide boxes are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical central axis of the resonant cavity.
Optionally, the plurality of waveguide boxes include a plurality of first waveguide boxes and a plurality of second waveguide boxes, the plurality of first waveguide boxes and the plurality of second waveguide boxes are respectively located at two opposite sides of the resonant box, and the plurality of first waveguide boxes and the plurality of second waveguide boxes are all arranged at intervals along a vertical central line of the resonant cavity;
The vertical central lines of the waveguide cavities of the first waveguide boxes are collinear, the vertical central lines of the waveguide cavities of the second waveguide boxes are collinear, and the vertical central lines of the waveguide cavities of the first waveguide boxes, the vertical central lines of the waveguide cavities of the second waveguide boxes and the vertical central lines of the resonant cavities are located on the same plane.
Optionally, the waveguide cavity is configured as a cuboid, the length of the waveguide cavity is 50mm, the width of the waveguide cavity is 78mm, and the height of the waveguide cavity is 18mm;
The length A of the resonant cavity and the width B of the resonant cavity satisfy the following conditions:
A＝B＝R/25*λ；
Wherein R is the diameter of the steam pipeline and satisfies R more than or equal to 25mm; lambda is the wavelength of the microwaves emitted by the microwave source.
Optionally, the waveguide cavity is configured as a cuboid, the length of the waveguide cavity is 50mm, the width of the waveguide cavity is 78mm, and the height of the waveguide cavity is 18mm;
The distance L1 between every two adjacent first waveguide boxes and the distance L2 between every two adjacent second waveguide boxes satisfy the following conditions:
18mm≤L1＝L2≤0.4λ；
wherein lambda is the wavelength of the microwaves emitted by the microwave source.
Optionally, the frequency F of the microwaves emitted by the microwave source satisfies that F is less than or equal to 500MHz and less than or equal to 3000MHz.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is further provided a solid oxide fuel cell, including a cell body, a gas channel, a steam pipe, and a microwave heat tracing device according to any one of the foregoing claims, the gas channel is used for conveying gas fuel to the cell body, the steam pipe is used for conveying water vapor to the gas channel, so that the water vapor and the gas fuel are mixed into a mixed fuel and then enter an anode of the cell body, and a resonant tank of the microwave heat tracing device is covered outside the steam pipe.
Optionally, the solid oxide fuel cell further comprises a wave-transmitting heat-insulating layer, wherein the wave-transmitting heat-insulating layer is used for wrapping the outside of the steam pipeline, and the wave-transmitting heat-insulating layer is arranged in the resonant cavity.
Optionally, the ratio of water in the mixed fuel to carbon in the mixed fuel is: 1.5:1 to 4.5:1.
According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a IGFC power generation system including a solid oxide fuel cell according to any one of the above aspects.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, this disclosure utilizes the microwave to heat vapor in the steam pipe way, when utilizing the vapor in the microwave heating steam pipe way, the liquid water absorption heat in the vapor is inside and outside (including the surface of liquid water) simultaneous go on, and the inside and outside hydrone of liquid water absorbs heat in the microwave simultaneously, will make the whole temperature of liquid water rise together, and the heating effect is more even, and heating efficiency is higher. Therefore, the microwave heating is beneficial to reducing the liquid water content of the water vapor in the steam pipeline, so that the water vapor is changed into purer gaseous fluid, on one hand, the water film thickness of the heat exchange surface can be reduced, and the steam quality and the heat transfer efficiency are improved; on the other hand, the density of the steam is more stable, and the accuracy of steam flow measurement is ensured; on the other hand, the impact of liquid water in the water vapor on the side wall of the pipeline, the valve and other equipment is reduced, so that the flow speed of the water vapor can be improved, the system noise and the system vibration (vibration) are reduced, and the running safety of the system can be improved to a certain extent.
Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain, but do not limit the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microwave heat tracing device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a steam pipe is also shown;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the semi-sectional structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature simulation of a microwave heat tracing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure when heating a steam pipe, where the pipe diameter is 25mm, the resonant cavity length and the resonant cavity width are λ, and the waveguide cavity spacing is 18mm;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of temperature simulation of a microwave heat tracing device for heating a steam pipeline according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, where the pipeline diameter is 25mm, the resonant cavity length and the resonant cavity width are λ, and the waveguide cavity spacing is 30mm;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of temperature simulation of a microwave heat tracing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure when heating a steam pipeline, where the pipeline diameter is 25mm, the resonant cavity length and the resonant cavity width are λ, and the waveguide cavity spacing is 0.4λ;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of temperature simulation of a microwave heat tracing device for heating a steam pipeline according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, where the pipeline diameter is 25mm, the resonant cavity length and the resonant cavity width are both λ, and the waveguide cavity spacing is λ;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of temperature simulation of a microwave heat tracing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure when heating a steam pipe, where the pipe diameter is 25mm, the resonant cavity length and the resonant cavity width are both 0.8λ, and the waveguide cavity spacing is 0.4λ;
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of temperature simulation of a microwave heat tracing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure when heating a steam pipeline, where the pipeline diameter is 25mm, the resonant cavity length and the resonant cavity width are both 1.5λ, and the waveguide cavity spacing is 0.4λ.
Description of the reference numerals
100-Steam pipe; 1-a microwave heat tracing device; 11-a microwave source; 12-a resonant tank; 121-a resonant cavity; 122-a first via; 123-a second through hole; 13-waveguide box; 131-a waveguide cavity; 132-a first waveguide box; 133-a second waveguide box; s-vertical.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the disclosure, are not intended to limit the disclosure.
In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the term "vertical" is used to refer to the extending direction of the steam pipe, and the term "vertical" is defined as S, and may refer to fig. 1 specifically. Terms of orientation such as "inner and outer" are used to refer to inner and outer of a particular structural profile, and terms such as "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish one element from another without order or importance. Additionally, the above-used directional terms are merely used to facilitate description of the present disclosure, and are not meant to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, according to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a microwave heat tracing apparatus 1 for heating water vapor in a vapor pipe 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, abbreviated as SOFC), the microwave heat tracing apparatus 1 including a microwave source 11, a resonance box 12, and a plurality of waveguide boxes 13, the resonance box 12 having a resonance cavity 121 inside thereof, the resonance box 12 being for covering outside the vapor pipe 100 such that at least a part of the vapor pipe 100 is located inside the resonance cavity 121, the waveguide boxes 13 each having a waveguide cavity 131 inside thereof, each waveguide box 13 being mounted on an outer wall of the resonance box 12 and the waveguide cavity 131 of each waveguide box 13 being in communication with the resonance cavity 121, the microwave source 11 being for emitting microwaves into the waveguide cavity 131.
Through the above technical scheme, when the microwave is utilized to heat the steam in the steam pipeline 100, and the microwave is utilized to heat the steam in the steam pipeline 100, the heat absorption of the liquid water in the steam is carried out simultaneously by the inside and the outside (including the surface of the liquid water), and the water molecules in the inside and the outside of the liquid water absorb heat simultaneously in the microwave, so that the overall temperature of the liquid water is raised together, the heating effect is more uniform, and the heating efficiency is higher. In this way, the microwave heating is beneficial to reducing the liquid water content of the water vapor in the steam pipeline 100, so that the water vapor is changed into purer gaseous fluid, on one hand, the water film thickness of the heat exchange surface can be reduced, and the steam quality and the heat transfer efficiency can be improved; on the other hand, the density of the steam is more stable, and the accuracy of steam flow measurement is ensured; on the other hand, the impact of liquid water in the water vapor on the side wall of the pipeline, the valve and other equipment is reduced, so that the flow speed of the water vapor can be improved, the system noise and the system vibration (vibration) are reduced, and the running safety of the system can be improved to a certain extent.
The resonant cavity 121 of the present disclosure has various embodiments, for example, in one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the resonant cavity 121 of the present disclosure may be configured as a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and first and second through holes 122 and 123 are formed on opposite sidewalls of the resonant tank 12, respectively, each of the first and second through holes 122 and 123 being for the steam pipe 100 to pass therethrough; the axes of the first through hole 122 and the second through hole 123 are both collinear with the vertical center line of the resonant cavity 121, and the waveguide cavities 131 of the plurality of waveguide boxes 13 are symmetrically disposed about the vertical center axis of the resonant cavity 121.
On the one hand, the rectangular resonant cavity 121 has a simple structure, can be suitable for a smaller installation space, reduces the volume of the whole microwave heat tracing device 1, and enables the microwave heat tracing device 1 to be installed in place quickly and simply; on the other hand, the rectangular resonant cavity 121 has a plurality of centerlines perpendicular to each other, so that the waveguide cavity 131 can be easily arranged by taking other centerlines as symmetry axes when the steam pipeline 100 is ensured to be installed on a certain centerline, the installation difficulty of the waveguide cavity 131 is reduced, and the microwave heating effect and efficiency can be improved to a certain extent.
It should be understood that, in this disclosure, the "vertical center line" refers to a center line extending in the same direction as the steam pipe 100, among a plurality of center lines perpendicular to each other, of the resonant cavity 121, and may be specifically referred to as fig. 1, taking fig. 1 as an example, where the vertical center line refers to a center line of the resonant cavity 121 facing upward in the drawing.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the structure of the resonator 121 may also be configured as a cylinder, on the one hand, the cylindrical resonator 121 has a high intrinsic quality factor, and on the other hand, the cylindrical resonator 121 has a high structural strength and is easy to manufacture.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of waveguide boxes 13 of the present disclosure includes a plurality of first waveguide boxes 132 and a plurality of second waveguide boxes 133, the plurality of first waveguide boxes 132 and the plurality of second waveguide boxes 133 are respectively located at opposite sides of the resonant tank 12, and the plurality of first waveguide boxes 132 and the plurality of second waveguide boxes 133 are each disposed at intervals along a vertical center line of the resonant cavity 121; the vertical center lines of the waveguide cavities 131 of the plurality of first waveguide boxes 132 are collinear, the vertical center lines of the waveguide cavities 131 of the plurality of second waveguide boxes 133 are collinear, and the vertical center lines of the waveguide cavities 131 of the plurality of first waveguide boxes 132, the vertical center lines of the waveguide cavities 131 of the plurality of second waveguide boxes 133, and the vertical center line of the resonant cavity 121 are located on the same plane.
The waveguide box 13 and the resonant box 12 which are arranged in this way can form an electromagnetic field which is more stable and uniformly distributed, so that the heating temperature of microwaves can be more stable and uniformly distributed in the resonant cavity 121, that is, part of the steam pipeline 100 which is positioned in the resonant cavity 121 can be uniformly and stably heated by microwaves, and then the steam in the steam pipeline 100 can be uniformly and stably heated, that is, the liquid water in the steam can be uniformly and stably heated.
It is understood that the number of the first waveguide boxes 132 and the number of the second waveguide boxes 133 of the present disclosure are equal, and the number of the first waveguide boxes 132 and the second waveguide boxes 133 may be selected according to actual needs, and the present disclosure is not particularly limited to the number of the first waveguide boxes 132 and the second waveguide boxes 133.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the waveguide cavity 131 of the present disclosure may be configured in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, with the length of the waveguide cavity 131 being 50mm, the width of the waveguide cavity 131 being 78mm, and the height of the waveguide cavity 131 being 18mm;
Then, the length a of the resonant cavity 121 and the width B of the resonant cavity 121 satisfy:
A＝B＝R/25*λ；
Wherein R is the diameter of the steam pipeline 100 and satisfies R is more than or equal to 25mm; lambda is the wavelength of the microwaves emitted by the microwave source 11.
Therefore, the heating effect of the microwaves on the steam pipeline 100 is more uniform, and the heating temperature of the microwaves on the steam pipeline 100 is uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the steam pipeline 100 and is high inside and low outside.
Alternatively, the waveguide cavity 131 of the present disclosure may also be configured as a rectangular parallelepiped, with the length of the waveguide cavity 131 being 50mm, the width of the waveguide cavity 131 being 78mm, and the height of the waveguide cavity 131 being 18mm; then, the pitch L1 of every adjacent two first waveguide boxes 132 and the pitch L2 of every adjacent two second waveguide boxes 133 satisfy:
18mm≤L1＝L2≤0.4λ；
Where λ is the wavelength of the microwaves emitted by the microwave source 11.
The above formula of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiment by the temperature simulation of the actual heating of the steam pipe 100 by the microwave heating apparatus 1.
First, in the specific embodiments of fig. 3 to 8 of the present disclosure, the following preset settings are made, including: the frequency of the microwave emitted from the microwave source 11 was set to 2.45GHz (i.e., the wavelength λ=0.122 m of the microwave), the input power of the microwave (i.e., the power of the microwave entering the resonant cavity 121) was set to 100W, the diameter R of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 was set to 25mm, the length of the waveguide cavity 131 was 50mm, the width of the waveguide cavity 131 was 78mm, and the height of the waveguide cavity 131 was 18mm. In addition, in fig. 3 to 8, there are shown 6 embodiments of temperature simulation, in which the black part and the white part in the steam pipe 100 are temperature-filled colors, the lower the temperature of the region closer to black is, the higher the temperature of the region closer to white is, and at the same time, the right side of these figures is also shown with a temperature-color comparison graph for easy understanding.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, at this time, the length a of the resonant cavity 121 and the width B of the resonant cavity 121 are set to be equal to λ (this value satisfies the formula in the present disclosure regarding the length a of the resonant cavity 121 and the width B of the resonant cavity 121, that is, satisfies a=b=r/25×λ, that is, in this embodiment, the length a of the resonant cavity 121=the width b=λ=0.122 m of the resonant cavity 121); meanwhile, the spacing between waveguide boxes 13 (i.e., L1 and L2) is set to 18mm (this value also satisfies the formula of the present disclosure: i.e., 18 mm. Ltoreq.l1=l2. Ltoreq.0.4λ); at this time, according to fig. 3, it can be seen that: the minimum temperature in the part of the steam pipeline 100 positioned in the resonant cavity 121 is 185 ℃, the maximum temperature is 374 ℃, and the minimum temperature is higher than the boiling point of liquid water, so that the liquid water can be effectively converted into steam, and the steam in the steam pipeline 100 can exist in a purer gaseous fluid form. Meanwhile, the temperature in the part of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the steam pipe 100, and gradually decreases from inside to outside along the radial direction of the steam pipe 100, so that in this embodiment, the microwave heat tracing device 1 of the present disclosure can uniformly heat the liquid water in the steam pipe 100, and can maintain the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 in a purer gaseous fluid state.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, at this time, the length a of the resonant cavity 121 and the width B of the resonant cavity 121 are set to be equal to λ (this value satisfies the formula in the present disclosure for the resonant cavity 121 length a and the resonant cavity 121 width B, that is, satisfies a=b=r/25×λ, that is, in this embodiment, the length a of the resonant cavity 121=the width b=λ=0.122 m of the resonant cavity 121); meanwhile, the spacing between waveguide boxes 13 (i.e., L1 and L2) is set to 30mm (this value also satisfies the formula of the present disclosure: i.e., 18 mm. Ltoreq.l1=l2. Ltoreq.0.4λ=0.4x0.122 m=48.8 mm); at this time, according to fig. 4, it can be seen that: the lowest temperature in the part of the steam pipe 100 in the resonant cavity 121 is 157 ℃, the highest temperature is 314 ℃, and the lowest temperature is higher than the boiling point of the liquid water, so that the liquid water can be effectively converted into steam, and the steam in the steam pipe 100 can exist in a purer gaseous fluid form. Meanwhile, the temperature in the part of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the steam pipe 100, and gradually decreases from inside to outside along the radial direction of the steam pipe 100, so that in this embodiment, the microwave heat tracing device 1 of the present disclosure can uniformly heat the liquid water in the steam pipe 100, and can maintain the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 in a purer gaseous fluid state.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 5, at this time, the length a of the resonant cavity 121 and the width B of the resonant cavity 121 are set to be equal to λ (this value satisfies the formula in the present disclosure for the resonant cavity 121 length a and the resonant cavity 121 width B, i.e., satisfies a=b=r/25×λ, that is, in this embodiment, the length a of the resonant cavity 121=the width b=λ=0.122 m of the resonant cavity 121); meanwhile, the spacing between waveguide boxes 13 (i.e., L1 and L2) is set to 0.4λ=48.8 mm (this value also satisfies the formula of the present disclosure: i.e., 18 mm+.l1=l2+.0λ=0.4λ=0.4× 0.122 m=48.8 mm); at this time, according to fig. 5, it can be seen that: the minimum temperature in the part of the steam pipeline 100 positioned in the resonant cavity 121 is 135 ℃, the maximum temperature is 240 ℃, and the minimum temperature is higher than the boiling point of liquid water, so that the liquid water can be effectively converted into steam, and the steam in the steam pipeline 100 can exist in a purer gaseous fluid form. Meanwhile, the temperature in the part of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the steam pipe 100, and gradually decreases from inside to outside along the radial direction of the steam pipe 100, so that in this embodiment, the microwave heat tracing device 1 of the present disclosure can uniformly heat the liquid water in the steam pipe 100, and can maintain the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 in a purer gaseous fluid state.
In another specific embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, at this time, the length a of the resonant cavity 121 and the width B of the resonant cavity 121 are set to λ (this value satisfies the formula of the present disclosure regarding the resonant cavity 121 length a and the resonant cavity 121 width B, that is, satisfies a=b=r/25×λ=25/25×λ=λ, that is, in this embodiment, the length a of the resonant cavity 121=the resonant cavity 121 width b=λ=0.122 m); meanwhile, the spacing between waveguide boxes 13 (i.e., L1 and L2) is set to λ=122 mm (this value does not satisfy the formula of the present disclosure: i.e., l1=l2=λ Σ. Gtoreq.0.4λ); at this time, according to fig. 6, it can be seen that: the lowest temperature in the portion of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is 105 c and the highest temperature is 335 c, and although in this embodiment, the lowest temperature in the steam pipe 100 is greater than the boiling point of the liquid water, the liquid water in the steam pipe 100 can be heated to the gaseous fluid, this will result in the microwave heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment not being capable of uniformly and rapidly heating the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 due to the fact that the temperature in the portion of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is unevenly distributed in both the axial direction and the radial direction of the steam pipe 100.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the microwave heating apparatus 1 of the present disclosure cannot uniformly and rapidly heat the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 due to the excessively large interval between the waveguide boxes 13.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 7, at this time, the length a of the resonant cavity 121 and the width B of the resonant cavity 121 are set to 0.8λ (this value does not satisfy the formula of the present disclosure regarding the resonant cavity 121 length a and the resonant cavity 121 width B, i.e., a=b < R/25 x λ); meanwhile, the spacing between waveguide boxes 13 (i.e., L1 and L2) is set to 0.4λ=48.8 mm (this value satisfies the formula of the present disclosure: i.e., 18 mm. Ltoreq.l1=l2. Ltoreq.0.4λ); at this time, according to fig. 7, it can be seen that: the minimum temperature in the portion of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is 109 c and the maximum temperature is 160 c, and although in this embodiment, the minimum temperature in the steam pipe 100 is greater than the boiling point of the liquid water, it is possible to heat the liquid water in the steam pipe 100 to the gaseous fluid, but this will result in the microwave heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment not being able to uniformly and rapidly heat the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 due to the fact that the temperature in the portion of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is unevenly distributed in both the axial direction and the radial direction of the steam pipe 100.
Thus, in this embodiment, the microwave heating apparatus 1 of the present disclosure cannot uniformly and rapidly heat the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 due to the undersize of the resonant cavity 121.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 8, at this time, the length a of the resonant cavity 121 and the width B of the resonant cavity 121 are set to 1.5λ (this value does not satisfy the formula of the present disclosure regarding the resonant cavity 121 length a and the resonant cavity 121 width B, i.e., a=b > R/25 x λ); meanwhile, the spacing between waveguide boxes 13 (i.e., L1 and L2) is set to 0.4λ=48.8 mm (this value satisfies the formula of the present disclosure: i.e., 18 mm. Ltoreq.l1=l2. Ltoreq.0.4λ); at this time, according to fig. 8, it can be seen that: the minimum temperature in the portion of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is 103 c and the maximum temperature is 125 c, and although in this embodiment, the minimum temperature in the steam pipe 100 is greater than the boiling point of the liquid water, it is possible to heat the liquid water in the steam pipe 100 to the gaseous fluid, but this will result in the microwave heating apparatus 1 of this embodiment not being able to uniformly and rapidly heat the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 due to the fact that the temperature in the portion of the steam pipe 100 located in the resonant cavity 121 is unevenly distributed in both the axial direction and the radial direction of the steam pipe 100.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the microwave heat-tracing device 1 of the present disclosure cannot uniformly and rapidly heat the water vapor in the steam pipe 100 due to the oversized resonant cavity 121.
Alternatively, the frequency F of the microwaves emitted by the microwave source 11 of the present disclosure satisfies: f is more than or equal to 500MHz and less than or equal to 3000MHz.
Wherein the frequency of the microwave may be preferably 2.45GHz, since the final goal of the heating of the present disclosure is to change the liquid water in the wet steam into gaseous water to reduce the content of the liquid water in the water vapor, setting the frequency of the microwave to 2.45GHz can be better matched with the polarity of the liquid water molecule (the water molecule is a polar molecule, and the natural frequency thereof is also 2.45 GHz), so that the liquid water molecule can generate more severe oscillation in the electromagnetic field, that is, the higher the efficiency of increasing the energy of the water molecule is, the temperature of the liquid water can rise at a fast rate until the liquid water becomes gaseous. Therefore, selecting the frequency of the microwaves to be 2.45GHz is advantageous in improving the heating efficiency of the liquid water in the steam pipe 100.
In the technical field of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), coal-based synthesis gas is often used as a fuel of the solid oxide fuel cells, and since the fuel contains a large amount of carbon monoxide, a disproportionation reaction of the carbon monoxide is easy to occur at an anode of the fuel cells, so that carbon deposition of the anode occurs, the carbon deposition occupies a surface active site of an anode material (such as nickel), and a gas channel for conveying gas fuel to the anode is blocked to a certain extent, so that the performance of the cell is reduced and the service life of the cell is shortened.
In view of this, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a solid oxide fuel cell including a cell body, a gas channel for transporting a gas fuel to the cell body, a steam pipe 100 for transporting water vapor to the gas channel so that the water vapor and the gas fuel are mixed into a mixed fuel and then enter an anode of the cell body, and a microwave heat tracing device 1 according to any one of the above-mentioned aspects, a resonance box 12 of the microwave heat tracing device 1 is housed outside the steam pipe 100.
In this way, in the operating temperature range of the solid oxide fuel cell, the mixed fuel of the gas fuel (for example, coal-based synthesis gas) and the water vapor is transported to the anode of the cell through the gas channel and the steam pipeline 100 of the solid oxide fuel cell, at this time, the reaction of carbon deposition to carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide will spontaneously proceed at the anode of the cell, so that the carbon deposition reaction of carbon monoxide at the anode is weakened, that is, the carbon deposition degree at the anode can be reduced, so that, on one hand, the surface active energy of the anode material can be better contacted with the gas fuel to burn better, and on the other hand, the blocking effect of the carbon deposition on the gas channel can be weakened, so that the cell performance and the service life of the cell are improved.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the solid oxide fuel cell of the present disclosure may further include a wave-transparent insulating layer (not shown) for covering the outside of the steam pipe 100, and the wave-transparent insulating layer is disposed in the resonant cavity 121. The wave-transmitting heat-insulating layer has dual functions, namely, the wave-transmitting heat-insulating layer can be used for microwave penetration, does not influence the oscillation effect of microwaves in the resonant cavity 121, does not influence the heating effect of the microwave heat-tracing device 1 on the steam pipeline 100, and can be coated outside the steam pipeline 100 to weaken the trend of outward diffusion of heat in the steam pipeline 100, so that the temperature in the steam pipeline 100 is maintained at a higher level, and the heating effect on liquid water in water vapor in the steam pipeline 100 is improved.
It can be appreciated that the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer of the present disclosure has various embodiments, for example, the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer of the present disclosure may be made of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, wave-transparent high temperature resistant aerogel, polycrystalline alumina fiber, or other materials, and the thickness of the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer of the present disclosure may also be selected according to actual needs, for example, the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer may not be provided, that is, the steam pipeline 100 may be heated only by the microwave heat tracing device 1, and no wave-transparent heat-insulating material is provided; the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer may be provided to cover the outer wall of the steam pipe 100 and fill the remaining space of the entire resonant cavity 121. Therefore, the material and the thickness of the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer are not particularly limited in the present disclosure.
To enhance the efficiency of conversion of carbon deposition to carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the ratio of water in the fuel blend to carbon in the fuel blend of the present disclosure may be: 1.5:1 to 4.5:1. When the content of the water in the mixed fuel and the content of the carbon in the mixed fuel meet the proportion, the efficiency of converting the carbon deposit at the anode of the battery into carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is higher, and the influence of the carbon deposit on the battery is reduced.
According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure there is also provided IGFC (INTEGRATED GASIFICATION FUEL CELL, integrated coal gasification fuel cell) power generation system comprising a solid oxide fuel cell according to any one of the above aspects.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the embodiments described above, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
In addition, the specific features described in the foregoing embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure does not further describe various possible combinations.
Moreover, any combination between the various embodiments of the present disclosure is possible as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure, which should also be construed as the disclosure of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The microwave heat tracing device is characterized by comprising a microwave source, a resonant tank and a plurality of waveguide tanks, wherein the resonant tank is arranged in the steam pipeline and used for being covered outside the steam pipeline, so that at least part of the steam pipeline is positioned in the resonant tank, each waveguide tank is provided with a waveguide cavity in the interior, each waveguide tank is arranged on the outer wall of the resonant tank and communicated with the resonant cavity, and the microwave source is used for emitting microwaves into the waveguide cavities.
2. The microwave heating device according to claim 1, wherein the resonant cavity is configured as a rectangular parallelepiped, and a first through hole and a second through hole are formed in opposite side walls of the resonant tank, respectively, and the first through hole and the second through hole are used for the steam pipe to pass through;
the axis of the first through hole and the axis of the second through hole are collinear with the vertical central line of the resonant cavity, and the waveguide cavities of the waveguide boxes are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical central axis of the resonant cavity.
3. The microwave heat trace device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of wave guide boxes comprises a plurality of first wave guide boxes and a plurality of second wave guide boxes, the plurality of first wave guide boxes and the plurality of second wave guide boxes are respectively positioned on opposite sides of the resonant box, and the plurality of first wave guide boxes and the plurality of second wave guide boxes are all arranged at intervals along a vertical center line of the resonant cavity;
The vertical central lines of the waveguide cavities of the first waveguide boxes are collinear, the vertical central lines of the waveguide cavities of the second waveguide boxes are collinear, and the vertical central lines of the waveguide cavities of the first waveguide boxes, the vertical central lines of the waveguide cavities of the second waveguide boxes and the vertical central lines of the resonant cavities are located on the same plane.
4. A microwave heat trace device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the waveguide is of cuboid configuration and has a length of 50mm, a width of 78mm and a height of 18mm;
The length A of the resonant cavity and the width B of the resonant cavity satisfy the following conditions:
Wherein R is the diameter of the steam pipeline and satisfies R more than or equal to 25mm; lambda is the wavelength of the microwaves emitted by the microwave source.
5. A microwave heat trace device according to claim 3, wherein the waveguide cavity is configured as a cuboid and has a length of 50mm, a width of 78mm and a height of 18mm;
The distance L 1 between every two adjacent first waveguide boxes and the distance L 2 between every two adjacent second waveguide boxes satisfy:
18mm≤L1＝L2≤0.4λ；
wherein lambda is the wavelength of the microwaves emitted by the microwave source.
6. A microwave heat trace device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the frequency F of microwaves emitted by the microwave source is such that: f is more than or equal to 500MHz and less than or equal to 3000MHz.
7. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising a cell body, a gas channel for delivering a gaseous fuel to the cell body, a steam conduit for delivering steam to the gas channel so that the steam and the gaseous fuel are mixed into a mixed fuel and enter an anode of the cell body, and a microwave heat tracing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a resonance box of the microwave heat tracing device is covered outside the steam conduit.
8. The solid oxide fuel cell of claim 7, further comprising a wave-transparent insulating layer, wherein the wave-transparent insulating layer is configured to be wrapped around the steam pipe, and wherein the wave-transparent insulating layer is disposed within the resonant cavity.
9. The solid oxide fuel cell of claim 7 or 8, wherein the ratio of water in the mixed fuel to carbon in the mixed fuel is: 1.5:1 to 4.5:1.
10. A IGFC power generation system comprising a solid oxide fuel cell according to any one of claims 7 to 9.
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| CN202211486059.7A CN118066706A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Microwave heat tracing device, solid oxide fuel cell and IGFC power generation system |
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| CN202211486059.7A CN118066706A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Microwave heat tracing device, solid oxide fuel cell and IGFC power generation system |
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