CN118065825A - Heat-insulating oil pipe and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-insulating oil pipe and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118065825A CN118065825A CN202211485492.9A CN202211485492A CN118065825A CN 118065825 A CN118065825 A CN 118065825A CN 202211485492 A CN202211485492 A CN 202211485492A CN 118065825 A CN118065825 A CN 118065825A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield heat insulation, in particular to a heat insulation oil pipe and a preparation method thereof. The prepared heat-insulating oil pipe comprises a chemical plating layer, a composite aerogel coating and a finish paint layer which are sequentially arranged in the oil pipe. The arrangement of the chemical plating layer can improve the corrosion resistance of the inner wall of the oil pipe and prolong the service life of the oil pipe; the composite aerogel coating can prevent cracking caused by expansion of the coating, can prevent heat conduction, heat radiation and heat convection, and has the functions of heat insulation and heat preservation; and finally, the strength of the heat insulation oil pipe is improved through the arrangement of the finish paint layer, so that the heat insulation oil pipe meets the well injection condition. The arrangement of the coatings is in the oil pipe, is not influenced by the size of a shaft in the using process, has stable performance, does not need long-term maintenance, is low in cost and high in strength, and is suitable for the operation requirement of a deep well. Solves the problem of poor heat preservation effect caused by the limitation of the size of a shaft and the limitation of the strength and the stability of a heat-insulating oil pipe in the traditional heat-insulating oil pipe in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield heat insulation, in particular to a heat insulation oil pipe and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the exploitation process of high mineralization degree oil-water wells, thick oil wells, thin oil wells and the like, scaling, wax precipitation and the like are generated at the position of the oil pipe near the wellhead, so that the yield is drastically reduced. In order to solve the problems of scale formation, wax precipitation, hydrate ice blockage and the like, the best method is to increase the temperature of the upper oil pipe, and the most convenient method for increasing the temperature of the oil pipe is to use the ground temperature, so that the temperature loss is reduced in the fluid extraction process. Through the development of the heat-resistant heat-insulating oil pipe, the underground temperature is utilized efficiently, the problems can be solved, and the heat efficiency utilization of the geothermal well can be improved.
In the prior art, the oil pipe is mostly insulated by adopting an oil pipe to be wrapped with a heat insulation felt or adopting a vacuum heat insulation pipe. When the mode of adopting oil pipe outsourcing heat insulation felt carries out the heat preservation, because the restriction of outer cladding body anti external pressure ability low and pit shaft size, easily take place to extrude the deformation outward, lead to outside fluid infiltration heat insulation medium, reduce heat preservation effect, and lead to appearing blocking when repairing well and lifting oil pipe. The vacuum insulating pipe is a well bore insulating technology widely applied at present, the product quality is reliable, the performance is stable, and compared with the apparent heat conductivity of the traditional insulating pipe, the apparent heat conductivity is reduced by one order of magnitude. However, the heat flow density of the vacuum insulated pipe after hydrogen permeation failure is much greater than 10 times that before failure. From the technical and economic viewpoints, the vacuum heat-insulating pipe has high price, complex structure, difficult long-term vacuum maintenance and difficult maintenance, and the heat-insulating performance is greatly reduced along with the extension of the production period of an oil well, so that the vacuum heat-insulating pipe still cannot meet the requirement of deep well operation.
Therefore, a need exists for a thermal insulation tubing that not only can effectively insulate heat, reduce heat loss from a wellbore, but also is not limited by the wellbore size, and has high strength and good stability, so as to meet the current deep well operation requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the heat preservation effect is poor due to the limitation of the size of a shaft and the limitation of the strength and the stability of a heat preservation oil pipe in the prior art, the invention provides the heat preservation oil pipe and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a heat-insulating oil pipe, which comprises a chemical plating layer, a composite aerogel coating and a finish paint layer which are sequentially arranged in the oil pipe.
Preferably, the base material of the oil pipe is low-carbon low-alloy pearlite strong pipeline steel, and the carbon content of the low-carbon low-alloy pearlite strong pipeline steel is less than 0.2%.
Preferably, the low carbon low alloy pearlitic steel for hot pipes is one of 15CrMo steel, 12CrMoV steel and 12MoVWBSiRe steel.
Preferably, the electroless plating layer has a thickness greater than 40um.
Preferably, the composite aerogel coating is a nano-porous network structure taking gas as a medium and comprises aerogel powder, high-temperature resistant water-based resin, inorganic fiber, hollow glass beads and film forming auxiliary agent, wherein the mass ratio of the aerogel powder to the high-temperature resistant water-based resin to the inorganic fiber to the hollow glass beads to the film forming auxiliary agent is (4-12): 1-3: (1-3);
The aerogel powder is of a hydrophobic nano-pore structure and comprises SiO 2 aerogel or graphene aerogel;
the high-temperature-resistant water-based resin is one or more of phenolic resin, polyimide resin and organic silicon resin;
the inorganic fiber is one or more of aluminum silicate fiber, ceramic fiber and graphene fiber;
The hollow glass beads are spherical hollow glass beads with the diameter of 0.6-0.8 mm and the strength of 60-110 MPa;
the film forming agent is glycol, acrylic emulsion or styrene-acrylic emulsion.
Preferably, the strength of the top coat layer is more than 20MPa, and the heat-resistant temperature is more than 400 ℃.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heat-insulating oil pipe, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): rust and oil removal treatment is carried out on the interior of the oil pipe;
step 2): performing chemical plating on the inner surface of the oil pipe subjected to rust and oil removal treatment to form a chemical plating layer;
step 3): spraying composite aerogel on the chemical plating layer to form a composite aerogel coating;
Step 4): and spraying finish paint on the composite aerogel coating to form a finish paint layer, and completing the preparation of the heat-insulating oil pipe.
Preferably, in the step 1), the oil stain in the oil pipe is removed by adopting a heating method, and the heating temperature is 250-350 ℃; the sand blasting treatment is adopted to remove rust, and the rust removal grade reaches the Sa2.5-Sa3.0 grade in GB/T8923.1.
Preferably, the electroless plating conditions in step 2) are: the pH value of the plating solution for electroless plating is 4-6, and the temperature is 75-85 ℃.
Further, the step 3) has the operations of:
Step 3.1), preheating the oil pipe at 100-150 ℃;
After the preheating of the step 3.2), spraying bonding alloy MCrAlY material on the chemical plating layer to form a bonding layer; wherein the thickness of the bonding layer is 0.1-0.3 mm, and M is Ni and/or Co;
And 3.3) beating the aerogel composite material into dispersed liquid beads, carrying out single-pass film construction, spraying the dispersed liquid beads on the bonding layer to form a coating film with the thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm, and spraying the next layer after the surface of the coating film is dried until a composite aerogel coating with the thickness of more than 0.5mm is formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention relates to a heat-insulating oil pipe, which comprises a chemical plating layer, a composite aerogel coating and a finish paint layer which are sequentially arranged in the oil pipe. The arrangement of the chemical plating layer can improve the corrosion resistance of the inner wall of the oil pipe and prolong the service life of the oil pipe; the composite aerogel coating has very low thermal expansion coefficient of 15-18 multiplied by 10 -7℃-2 at 300-400 ℃, can prevent the cracking generated by the expansion of the coating, has the lowest thermal conductivity coefficient up to now, has the apparent thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.025-0.055W/(m.K), almost prevents the heat conduction and the heat convection between crude oil and a well wall, has the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the pipe of more than 135 ℃, improves the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of a conventional prestress heat-insulating oil pipe by nearly one time compared with the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the pipe of 70 ℃, can effectively prevent the heat conduction, the heat radiation and the heat convection, has the heat insulation and heat preservation effects, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, easy construction, energy conservation and environmental protection; and finally, the strength of the heat insulation oil pipe is improved through the arrangement of the finish paint layer, so that the heat insulation oil pipe meets the well injection condition. The arrangement of the coatings is in the oil pipe, is not influenced by the size of a shaft in the using process, has stable performance, does not need long-term maintenance, is low in cost and high in strength, and is suitable for the operation requirement of a deep well.
Further, the base material of the oil pipe is low-carbon low-alloy pearlite strong pipeline steel, and the carbon content of the low-carbon low-alloy pearlite strong pipeline steel is less than 0.2%, so that the oil pipe body has enough high-temperature resistant strength which is higher than that of the current common N80 steel by more than 30%, the strength of the heat-insulating oil pipe is further ensured, the service life is long, and the maintenance cost is low.
Further, the chemical plating layer is larger than 40um, so that the performance of the inner surface of the heat-insulating oil pipe and the joint part in resisting high-temperature high-pressure steam corrosion damage is further enhanced.
Further, the composite aerogel coating is of a nano-pore network structure taking gas as a medium and comprises aerogel powder, high-temperature resistant water-based resin, inorganic fibers, hollow glass beads and a film forming auxiliary agent; the composite aerogel coating is of a nano-pore network structure taking gas as a medium, has extremely high specific surface area, enables the interior of the material to be provided with innumerable pore walls, and has the function of a heat shield for each pore wall, so that the effect similar to an infinite heat shield is generated, the composite aerogel coating has high reflection and high emissivity, and can further inhibit the conduction of gas molecules to heat; the aerogel powder is used as a functional filler and uniformly dispersed in a temperature system of the coating, and has the characteristics of excellent high temperature resistance, easy construction, energy conservation and environmental protection; the inorganic fiber can improve the toughness of the composite aerogel coating, achieve the elongation rate similar to that of the oil pipe, and the coating is not easy to break in the use process, so that the service life of the heat-insulating oil pipe is prolonged; the hollow glass beads have the diameter of 0.6-0.8 mm and the strength of 60-110 MPa, are regular spheres, have good fluidity, are easy to uniformly disperse in a matrix, have a reflection effect on heat energy, have extremely low heat conductivity coefficient, can reach 0.05W/(m.K) at the minimum, further block heat conduction, and can effectively improve the strength of the aerogel composite coating by adding the hollow glass beads, so that the excellent comprehensive performance of the aerogel composite coating is realized.
Furthermore, the finish paint layer adopts a high-temperature high-strength paint layer with the strength being more than 20MPa and the heat-resistant temperature being more than 400 ℃ so as to meet the injection condition of high-temperature high-pressure steam with the temperature of 20MPa and 350 ℃ in a thick oil injection well, thereby further improving the applicability of the heat-insulating oil pipe.
The invention provides a preparation method of the heat-insulating oil pipe, which comprises the steps of performing rust removal and oil removal treatment on the inside of the oil pipe; and the inner surface of the oil pipe subjected to rust and oil removal treatment is sequentially subjected to chemical plating, spraying and coating of composite aerogel and spraying finish paint to form a chemical plating layer, a composite aerogel coating and a finish paint layer structure which are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the oil pipe, and when the heat-insulating oil pipe with the structure is lowered into a shaft, the problem of heat-insulating discontinuity caused by coating damage at a coupling part when the outer coating heat-insulating oil pipe is lowered into the shaft is avoided. Meanwhile, the extremely low heat conductivity coefficient of the composite aerogel coating is less than 0.055W/(m.K), so that the heat conduction and heat convection between crude oil and the well wall of an oil pipe are almost blocked, and the toughness of the composite coating can be enhanced. The high-strength finish paint sprayed on the surface further improves the pressure bearing capacity of the heat insulation oil pipe, so that the temperature of crude oil before the crude oil flows out of a wellhead is always higher than the wax precipitation temperature, the wax precipitation of the inner wall of the oil pipe is prevented, and the purpose of increasing the storage and the production of oil gas is achieved. The oil pipe has stable heat insulation performance, no maintenance, simple method and low transformation cost, and is an advanced technology in the current oilfield heat insulation technology field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an insulated tubing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic left-view structure of an insulated oil pipe according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the axial structure of an insulated oil pipe according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an insulated oil pipe according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of spraying a composite aerogel coating according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a composite aerogel coating spray of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cloud chart of the temperature field of the insulated oil pipe of the present invention after cooling for 30 minutes.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature at the center of the inner wall of an insulated oil pipe according to the present invention as a function of time.
Wherein, 1-oil pipe, 2-chemical plating, 3-composite aerogel coating, 4-finish paint layer and 5-coupling.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or the positional relationship in which the inventive product is conventionally put in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the term "horizontal" if present does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to illustrate, but not to limit, the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the invention discloses a heat-insulating oil pipe, which comprises an electroless plating layer 2, a composite aerogel coating layer 3 and a finish paint layer 4 which are sequentially arranged in the oil pipe 1.
The base material of the oil pipe 1 is low-carbon low-alloy pearlite steel for a high-strength pipeline with carbon content less than 0.2%, and is preferably 15CrMo steel, 12CrMoV steel or 12MoVWBSiRe steel;
the electroless plating layer 2 has a thickness greater than 40um.
The composite aerogel coating 3 is of a nano-pore network structure taking gas as a medium and comprises aerogel powder, high-temperature resistant water-based resin, inorganic fiber, hollow glass beads and a film forming auxiliary agent, wherein the mass ratio of the aerogel powder to the high-temperature resistant water-based resin to the inorganic fiber to the hollow glass beads to the film forming auxiliary agent is (4-12): 1-3: (1-3);
The aerogel powder is of a hydrophobic nano-pore structure and comprises SiO 2 aerogel or graphene aerogel;
the high-temperature-resistant water-based resin is one or more of phenolic resin, polyimide resin and organic silicon resin;
the inorganic fiber is one or more of aluminum silicate fiber, ceramic fiber and graphene fiber;
The hollow glass beads are spherical hollow glass beads with the diameter of 0.6-0.8 mm and the strength of 60-110 MPa;
the film forming agent is glycol, acrylic emulsion or styrene-acrylic emulsion.
The strength of the finish paint layer 4 is more than 20MPa, and the heat-resistant temperature is more than 400 ℃.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the present invention further provides a method for preparing the heat insulation oil pipe, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: rust and oil removal treatment is carried out on the inside of the oil pipe 1, and the specific operation is as follows:
oil pipe 1 and coupling 5 are treated with oil removal and rust removal respectively; preferably, the oil stain in the oil pipe 1 is removed by adopting a heating method, the heating temperature is 250-350 ℃, and the heating time is 1-2 hours; the rust removal is carried out by adopting a sand blasting method, the rust removal grade reaches the Sa2.5-Sa3.0 grade in GB/T8923.1, the sand blasting method adopts a sand blaster on the inner wall of a pipeline, the sand blasting method is matched with a pressurizing movable sand blasting tank, an oil pipe 1 is not required to be rotated during spraying, the sand blaster adopts 360-degree rotary spraying, manual or automatic uniform traction movement is carried out, and after the sand blasting, the inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned by adopting a high-pressure water jet, and generally, a nozzle with a cylindrical shape and a flat shape is adopted.
Step 2: the inner surface of the oil pipe 1 after rust and oil removal treatment is subjected to chemical plating to form a chemical plating layer 2, and the specific operation is as follows: placing the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5 into chemical plating solution with the PH value of 4-6 and the temperature of 75-85 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and plating compact chemical plating layers 2 with the thickness of more than 40 mu m on the inner walls of the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5 respectively; the chemical plating solution is Ni-P plating solution or K2ZrF6 aqueous solution.
Step 3: spraying composite aerogel on the chemical plating layer 2 to form a composite aerogel coating 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Step 3.1, preheating the oil pipe 1 at the temperature of 100-150 ℃;
after the preheating of the step 3.2 is finished, spraying bonding alloy MCrAlY material on the chemical plating layer 2 to form a bonding layer; wherein the thickness of the bonding layer is 0.1-0.3 mm, and M is Ni and/or Co;
And 3.3, beating the aerogel composite material into dispersed liquid beads, carrying out single-pass film construction, spraying the dispersed liquid beads on a bonding layer to form a coating film with the thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm, after the surface of the coating film is dried, spraying the next layer until a composite aerogel coating 3 with the thickness of more than or equal to 0.5mm is formed, uniformly spraying the aerogel composite material onto the inner wall of an oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of a coupling 5 by a spraying machine, wherein the spraying machine consists of an air compressor and a spray head, the maximum size of the spray head is 30mm, translating at a constant speed of 2-6 mm along the neutral axis of the oil pipe 1, beating the aerogel composite material into countless dispersed liquid beads, uniformly attaching the countless dispersed liquid beads on the bonding layer of the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5, adopting the single-pass film construction for 0.3-0.5 mm, after the surface of the coating film is dried, spraying the next layer, and forming the composite aerogel coating 3 with the thickness of more than or equal to 0.5mm after translational spraying for many times, wherein the composite aerogel coating 3 is tightly combined with the inner wall of the coupling and has larger adhesion force.
Step 4: the finish paint is sprayed on the composite aerogel coating 3 to form a finish paint layer 4, the preparation of the heat insulation oil pipe is completed, and considering that the bearing pressure of the inner wall of the oil pipe under the thick oil steam injection and production working condition is 15-20 MPa, the strength of the composite aerogel coating 3 cannot be met, therefore, the high-temperature high-strength finish paint is sprayed on the surface of the composite aerogel coating 3, preferably, the nano-grade high-temperature high-strength paint is sprayed on the composite aerogel coating 3 as the high-strength finish paint, the nano-grade paint has strong binding force with a matrix, high surface hardness and excellent wear resistance and impact performance, and the molecular size of the nano-grade high-strength paint is more than 300nm, so that the blocking caused by filling of nano gaps of aerogel is avoided, and the heat insulation performance of the aerogel is reduced.
Example 1
The base material of the heat-insulating oil pipe is low-carbon low-alloy pearlite steel 15CrMo for the high-strength pipeline, and the microstructure is pearlite and ferrite in a normalizing state. And (3) respectively carrying out surface oil and rust removal treatment on the processed oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5, specifically heating the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5 in a muffle furnace at 300 ℃ for 1.5h by adopting a high-temperature method, and burning oil stains on the surfaces of the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5. Then sand blasting is carried out on the degreasing oil pipe base body and the coupling, the sand blasting adopts a sand blaster on the inner wall of the pipeline, the sand blaster is matched with the sand blaster on a pressurizing movable sand blasting tank, the pipeline is not required to be rotated during spraying, the sand blaster adopts 360-degree rotary spraying, the sand blaster is manually or automatically pulled at a constant speed to move, quartz sand with proper strength is sprayed on the inner wall of the oil pipe, the rust on the inner wall of the oil pipe and the surface of the coupling is removed, the rust removing grade reaches the Sa3.0 grade requirement in GB/T8923.1, and the anchor grain depth reaches 50 mu m. After sand blasting and rust removal, the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5 are cleaned by adopting a flat nozzle high-pressure water jet, so that the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5 are thoroughly cleaned before coating spraying.
And (3) placing the oil pipe 1 subjected to oil removal and rust removal treatment and the coupling 5 into electroless Ni-P plating solution for electroless plating. Electroless plating is to reduce metal ions to metal by a reducing agent and deposit the metal ions on the surface of a metal substrate to form a metal plating layer without the action of external current. The Ni-P plating adopts sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent, and the main oxidation-reduction process is as follows:
H2PO2 -+H2O→HPO3 2-+H++2H0
Ni2++2H0→Ni0+2H+
Formula 1 plus formula 2 gives:
Ni2++H2PO2 2-+H2O→Ni0+HPO3 2-+3H+
The oil pipe 1 and the coupling 2 are immersed in chemical plating solution at 80 ℃ for 5 hours, and a compact Ni-Fe-P composite plating layer with the thickness of 50 mu m is formed after drying, so that the inner surface of the heat-insulating oil pipe and the coupling part have strong corrosion damage resistance to high-temperature and high-pressure steam at 20MPa and 350 ℃.
And preheating the oil pipe 1 with the Ni-Fe-P composite coating and the coupling 5 at 100 ℃, and spraying bonding alloy NiCrAlY material on the inner surface of the chemical coating 2, namely the Ni-Fe-P composite coating to form a bonding layer, wherein the thickness of the bonding layer is 0.2mm.
The composite aerogel coating 3 of the embodiment is formed by mixing SiO 2 aerogel powder with a hydrophobic nano-pore structure, phenolic resin, aluminum silicate fiber, hollow glass beads and ethylene glycol according to a ratio of 6:1:1:1:1, and in the film forming process, an aerogel polymer chain and the aluminum silicate fiber form a polymer interpenetrating network structure, so that the aerogel nano-pore structure and excellent heat insulation performance are maintained to the maximum extent, and excellent weather resistance, stability and workability of the composite aerogel coating 3 are ensured.
The addition of the aluminum silicate fiber can improve the toughness of the aerogel composite coating, achieve the elongation similar to that of an oil pipe, and is not easy to break in the use process of the coating.
The hollow glass beads have the diameter of 0.7mm and the strength of 80MPa, are regular spheres, have good fluidity, are extremely easy to uniformly disperse in a matrix, have a reflection effect on heat energy and further block heat conduction, and can effectively improve the strength of the aerogel composite coating by adding the hollow glass beads, so that the excellent comprehensive performance of the aerogel composite coating is realized. The strength of the composite aerogel coating 3 is 8MPa.
And uniformly spraying the prepared composite aerogel coating to the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 by a spraying machine. The sprayer comprises an air compressor with 2000W power and a sprayer, the maximum size of the sprayer is 30mm, the sprayer translates at a constant speed of 5mm/s along the central axis of the oil pipe 1, the aerogel composite coating is beaten into countless dispersed liquid beads, the countless dispersed liquid beads are uniformly attached to the adhesive layers on the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5, the single-channel film is constructed for 0.3mm, after the surface of the coating film is dry, the next layer is sprayed, and the composite aerogel coating 3 with the thickness of 0.6mm is formed after translation spraying for multiple times. The interlayer of the composite aerogel coating 3 is tightly combined, has larger adhesive force with the inner wall of the oil pipe 1, and is not easy to crack and fall off.
And spraying high-temperature high-strength finish paint on the surface of the composite aerogel coating 3. Preferably, the nano high-temperature-resistant high-strength paint is coated on the surface of the composite aerogel coating 3 to form the finish paint layer 4, so that the preparation of the heat-insulating oil pipe is completed. The nano-scale paint has strong binding force with the matrix, high surface hardness and excellent wear resistance and impact resistance. The molecular of the nano-scale high-temperature-resistant high-strength paint is 500nm, so that the blocking caused by filling of nano voids of the aerogel is prevented, and the heat insulation performance of the aerogel is reduced. The nano high-temperature-resistant high-strength finish paint has the strength of 22MPa, the heat-resistant temperature of 500 ℃ and the injection condition of high-temperature high-pressure steam of 20MPa and 350 ℃ in a thick oil injection well.
Example 2
The base material of the heat-insulating oil pipe is low-carbon low-alloy pearlite steel 15CrMo for the high-strength pipeline, and the microstructure is pearlite and ferrite in a normalizing state. And (3) respectively carrying out surface oil and rust removal treatment on the processed oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5, specifically heating the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5 in a muffle furnace at 300 ℃ for 1.5h by adopting a high-temperature method, and burning oil stains on the surfaces of the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5. Then sand blasting is carried out on the degreasing oil pipe base body and the coupling, the sand blasting adopts a sand blaster on the inner wall of the pipeline, the sand blaster is matched with the sand blaster on a pressurizing movable sand blasting tank, the pipeline is not required to be rotated during spraying, the sand blaster adopts 360-degree rotary spraying, the sand blaster is manually or automatically pulled at a constant speed to move, quartz sand with proper strength is sprayed on the inner wall of the oil pipe, the rust on the inner wall of the oil pipe and the surface of the coupling is removed, the rust removing grade reaches the Sa3.0 grade requirement in GB/T8923.1, and the anchor grain depth reaches 50 mu m. After sand blasting and rust removal, the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5 are cleaned by adopting a flat nozzle high-pressure water jet, so that the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5 are thoroughly cleaned before coating spraying.
And (3) placing the oil pipe 1 subjected to oil removal and rust removal treatment and the coupling 5 into electroless Ni-P plating solution for electroless plating. Electroless plating is to reduce metal ions to metal by a reducing agent and deposit the metal ions on the surface of a metal substrate to form a metal plating layer without the action of external current. The oil pipe 1 and the coupling 2 are immersed in chemical plating solution at 80 ℃ for 5 hours, and a compact Ni-Fe-P composite plating layer with the thickness of 50 mu m is formed after drying, so that the inner surface of the heat-insulating oil pipe and the coupling part have strong corrosion damage resistance to high-temperature and high-pressure steam at 20MPa and 350 ℃.
And preheating the oil pipe 1 with the Ni-Fe-P composite coating and the coupling 5 at 100 ℃, and spraying bonding alloy NiCrAlY material on the inner surface of the chemical coating 2, namely the Ni-Fe-P composite coating to form a bonding layer, wherein the thickness of the bonding layer is 0.2mm.
The composite aerogel coating 3 of the embodiment is formed by mixing SiO 2 aerogel powder with a hydrophobic nano-pore structure, phenolic resin, ceramic fibers, hollow glass beads and ethylene glycol according to a ratio of 12:3:2:1:2. The ceramic fiber is in a grid structure, is dispersed into colloid to play a role of a skeleton, and has excellent mechanical properties of high modulus and high strength. The diameter of the hollow glass microsphere is 0.6mm, and the strength is 60MPa.
And uniformly spraying the prepared composite aerogel coating to the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 by a spraying machine. The sprayer comprises an air compressor with 2000W power and a sprayer, the maximum size of the sprayer is 30mm, the sprayer translates at a constant speed of 5mm/s along the central axis of the oil pipe 1, the aerogel composite coating is beaten into countless dispersed liquid beads, the countless dispersed liquid beads are uniformly attached to the adhesive layers on the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5, the single-channel film is constructed for 0.3mm, after the surface of the coating film is dry, the next layer is sprayed, and the composite aerogel coating 3 with the thickness of 0.6mm is formed after translation spraying for multiple times.
And spraying high-temperature high-strength finish paint on the surface of the composite aerogel coating 3. Preferably, the nano high-temperature-resistant high-strength paint is coated on the surface of the composite aerogel coating 3 to form the finish paint layer 4, so that the preparation of the heat-insulating oil pipe is completed. The nano high-temperature-resistant high-strength finish paint has the strength of 22MPa, the heat-resistant temperature of 500 ℃ and the injection condition of high-temperature high-pressure steam of 20MPa and 350 ℃ in a thick oil injection well.
Example 3
The base material of the heat-insulating oil pipe is low-carbon low-alloy pearlite steel 15CrMo for the high-strength pipeline, and the microstructure is pearlite and ferrite in a normalizing state. And (3) respectively carrying out surface oil and rust removal treatment on the processed oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5, specifically heating the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5 in a muffle furnace at 300 ℃ for 1.5h by adopting a high-temperature method, and burning oil stains on the surfaces of the oil pipe 1 and the coupling 5. Then sand blasting is carried out on the degreasing oil pipe base body and the coupling, the sand blasting adopts a sand blaster on the inner wall of the pipeline, the sand blaster is matched with the sand blaster on a pressurizing movable sand blasting tank, the pipeline is not required to be rotated during spraying, the sand blaster adopts 360-degree rotary spraying, the sand blaster is manually or automatically pulled at a constant speed to move, quartz sand with proper strength is sprayed on the inner wall of the oil pipe, the rust on the inner wall of the oil pipe and the surface of the coupling is removed, the rust removing grade reaches the Sa3.0 grade requirement in GB/T8923.1, and the anchor grain depth reaches 50 mu m. After sand blasting and rust removal, the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5 are cleaned by adopting a flat nozzle high-pressure water jet, so that the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5 are thoroughly cleaned before coating spraying.
And (3) placing the oil pipe 1 subjected to oil removal and rust removal treatment and the coupling 5 into electroless Ni-P plating solution for electroless plating. Electroless plating is to reduce metal ions to metal by a reducing agent and deposit the metal ions on the surface of a metal substrate to form a metal plating layer without the action of external current. The oil pipe 1 and the coupling 2 are immersed in chemical plating solution at 80 ℃ for 5 hours, and a compact Ni-Fe-P composite plating layer with the thickness of 50 mu m is formed after drying, so that the inner surface of the heat-insulating oil pipe and the coupling part have strong corrosion damage resistance to high-temperature and high-pressure steam at 20MPa and 350 ℃.
And preheating the oil pipe 1 with the Ni-Fe-P composite coating and the coupling 5 at 100 ℃, and spraying bonding alloy NiCrAlY material on the inner surface of the chemical coating 2, namely the Ni-Fe-P composite coating to form a bonding layer, wherein the thickness of the bonding layer is 0.2mm.
The composite aerogel coating 3 of the embodiment is formed by mixing graphene aerogel powder with a hydrophobic nano-pore structure, phenolic resin, ceramic fibers, hollow glass beads and ethylene glycol according to a ratio of 12:2:2:3:2. The graphene aerogel has lower strength, more hollow glass beads are required to be added, and the addition of the high-strength hollow glass beads can effectively improve the strength of the aerogel composite coating and realize the excellent comprehensive performance of the aerogel composite coating. The diameter of the hollow glass microsphere is 0.8mm, and the strength is 110MPa.
And uniformly spraying the prepared composite aerogel coating to the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 by a spraying machine. The sprayer comprises an air compressor with 2000W power and a sprayer, the maximum size of the sprayer is 30mm, the sprayer translates at a constant speed of 5mm/s along the central axis of the oil pipe 1, the aerogel composite coating is beaten into countless dispersed liquid beads, the countless dispersed liquid beads are uniformly attached to the adhesive layers on the inner wall of the oil pipe 1 and the inner wall of the coupling 5, the single-channel film is constructed for 0.3mm, after the surface of the coating film is dry, the next layer is sprayed, and the composite aerogel coating 3 with the thickness of 0.5mm is formed after translation spraying for multiple times. The interlayer of the composite aerogel coating 3 is tightly combined, has larger adhesive force with the inner wall of the oil pipe 1, and is not easy to crack and fall off.
And spraying high-temperature high-strength finish paint on the surface of the composite aerogel coating 3. Preferably, the nano high-temperature-resistant high-strength paint is coated on the surface of the composite aerogel coating 3 to form the finish paint layer 4, so that the preparation of the heat-insulating oil pipe is completed. The nano-scale paint has strong binding force with the matrix, high surface hardness and excellent wear resistance and impact resistance. The molecular of the nano-scale high-temperature-resistant high-strength paint is 500nm, so that the blocking caused by filling of nano voids of the aerogel is prevented, and the heat insulation performance of the aerogel is reduced. The nano high-temperature-resistant high-strength finish paint has the strength of 24MPa, the heat-resistant temperature of 400 ℃ and the injection condition of high-temperature high-pressure steam of 20MPa and 350 ℃ in a thick oil injection well.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, performance tests of the heat-insulating oil pipe prepared in the above embodiment show that when the temperature of the inner wall is reduced from 350 ℃ to about 250 ℃, the temperature of the outer wall of the oil pipe is about 90 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the oil pipe is about 160 ℃, and compared with the temperature difference of 70 ℃ between the inside and the outside of a conventional heat-insulating oil pipe, the heat-insulating effect of the composite coating is better, and the temperature difference is doubled. The strength of the aerogel composite coating can reach 8MPa.
In summary, the invention provides the heat-insulating oil pipe and the preparation method thereof, and the prepared heat-insulating oil pipe can improve the corrosion resistance of the inner wall of the oil pipe and prolong the service life of the oil pipe through the arrangement of the chemical plating layer 2; the composite aerogel coating 3 can effectively prevent heat conduction, heat radiation and heat convection, has the functions of heat insulation and heat preservation, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, easiness in construction, energy conservation and environmental protection; and finally, the strength of the heat insulation oil pipe is improved through the arrangement of the finish paint layer 4, so that the heat insulation oil pipe meets the well injection condition. The arrangement of the coatings is in the oil pipe, is not influenced by the size of a shaft in the using process, has stable performance, does not need long-term maintenance, is low in cost and high in strength, and is suitable for the operation requirement of a deep well.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention in any way, and it should be understood that the technical solution can be modified and replaced in several ways without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions are also included in the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The heat-insulating oil pipe is characterized by comprising a chemical plating layer (2), a composite aerogel coating layer (3) and a finish paint layer (4) which are sequentially arranged in the oil pipe (1).
2. The insulated oil pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the base material of the oil pipe (1) is a low carbon low alloy pearlitic steel for pipes having a carbon content of less than 0.2%.
3. The insulated oil pipe of claim 2, wherein the low carbon low alloy pearlitic steel for hot pipe is one of 15CrMo steel, 12CrMoV steel and 12MoVWBSiRe steel.
4. An insulated oil pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the electroless plating (2) has a thickness of more than 40um.
5. The heat insulation oil pipe according to claim 1, wherein the composite aerogel coating (3) is of a nano-pore network structure taking gas as a medium and comprises aerogel powder, high-temperature resistant water-based resin, inorganic fiber, hollow glass beads and film forming auxiliary agent, and the mass ratio of the aerogel powder to the high-temperature resistant water-based resin to the inorganic fiber to the hollow glass beads to the film forming auxiliary agent is (4-12): 1-3: (1-3);
The aerogel powder is of a hydrophobic nano-pore structure and comprises SiO 2 aerogel or graphene aerogel;
the high-temperature-resistant water-based resin is one or more of phenolic resin, polyimide resin and organic silicon resin;
the inorganic fiber is one or more of aluminum silicate fiber, ceramic fiber and graphene fiber;
The hollow glass beads are spherical hollow glass beads with the diameter of 0.6-0.8 mm and the strength of 60-110 MPa;
the film forming agent is glycol, acrylic emulsion or styrene-acrylic emulsion.
6. The insulated oil pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the top coat layer (4) has a strength of more than 20MPa and a heat resistant temperature of more than 400 ℃.
7. A method of making an insulated tubing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step 1): rust and oil removal treatment is carried out on the interior of the oil pipe (1);
Step 2): carrying out chemical plating on the inner surface of the oil pipe (1) subjected to rust and oil removal treatment to form a chemical plating layer (2);
Step 3): spraying composite aerogel on the chemical plating layer (2) to form a composite aerogel coating (3);
Step 4): and spraying finishing paint on the composite aerogel coating (3) to form a finishing paint layer (4) so as to finish the preparation of the heat-insulating oil pipe.
8. The method for preparing the heat-insulating oil pipe according to claim 7, wherein the oil stain in the oil pipe (1) is removed by adopting a heating method in the step 1), and the heating temperature is 250-350 ℃; the sand blasting treatment is adopted to remove rust, and the rust removal grade reaches the Sa2.5-Sa3.0 grade in GB/T8923.1.
9. The method for preparing an insulated oil pipe according to claim 7, wherein the electroless plating conditions in step 2) are: the pH value of the plating solution for electroless plating is 4-6, and the temperature is 75-85 ℃.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the step 3) of preparing the insulated tubing comprises:
step 3.1), preheating the oil pipe (1) at the temperature of 100-150 ℃;
After the preheating of the step 3.2), spraying bonding alloy MCrAlY material on the chemical plating layer (2) to form a bonding layer; wherein the thickness of the bonding layer is 0.1-0.3 mm, and M is Ni and/or Co;
And 3.3) beating the aerogel composite material into dispersed liquid beads, carrying out single-pass film construction, spraying the dispersed liquid beads on the bonding layer to form a coating film with the thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm, and spraying the next layer after the surface of the coating film is dried until the composite aerogel coating (3) with the thickness of more than 0.5mm is formed.
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