CN118064671B - Steelmaking device with scrap steel preheating function - Google Patents
Steelmaking device with scrap steel preheating function Download PDFInfo
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- CN118064671B CN118064671B CN202410464982.3A CN202410464982A CN118064671B CN 118064671 B CN118064671 B CN 118064671B CN 202410464982 A CN202410464982 A CN 202410464982A CN 118064671 B CN118064671 B CN 118064671B
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- preheating
- scrap steel
- shaft
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 285
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 285
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009845 electric arc furnace steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
- C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
- C21C5/565—Preheating of scrap
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a steelmaking device with a scrap steel preheating function, which relates to the technical field of steelmaking devices and comprises an electric arc furnace and a scrap steel preheating shaft, wherein a scrap steel outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft is communicated with a scrap steel inlet of the electric arc furnace, the scrap steel outlet is arranged at the lower part of the scrap steel preheating shaft, a flue gas outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft is arranged at the upper part of the scrap steel preheating shaft, the scrap steel preheating shaft is sequentially divided into a plurality of well sections from top to bottom, the bottom structure of each well section except the bottom well section is a finger-shaped valve, the finger-shaped valve can support scrap steel in the well section when being closed, and the scrap steel on the finger-shaped valve can fall into the next well section when being opened. The scheme provided by the invention can improve the preheating effect by changing the structure of the vertical shaft, prolong the service lives of the vertical shaft and the electric arc furnace and fully utilize the sensible heat and the chemical heat in the flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking devices, in particular to a steelmaking device with a scrap steel preheating function.
Background
Scrap steel is generally used as a raw material in electric arc furnace steelmaking, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated in the smelting process, if the high-temperature flue gas is not utilized, serious heat loss is caused, the heat taken away by the flue gas can account for 30% of the input electric energy at most, and if so much heat is lost in a pipeline and the surrounding environment, the waste of resources and energy sources is caused. For this purpose, many processes for preheating scrap steel using high-temperature flue gas have emerged.
The vertical shaft preheating is to preheat the waste steel by using high-temperature flue gas, and is mostly combined with an electric arc furnace.
The existing shaft preheating scheme has the following defects:
Firstly, the steel scrap outlet on the side wall of the vertical shaft is connected with the steel scrap inlet on the side wall of the electric arc furnace, flue gas generated by the electric arc furnace flows through the vertical shaft, the temperature of the flue gas is gradually reduced due to the heat exchange action between the flue gas and the steel scrap, and when the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 850-250 ℃, the mixed organic substances in the steel scrap can quickly generate dioxin gas with extremely great harm.
Secondly, due to the effect of heat buoyancy, the flue gas of the electric arc furnace can flow closer to the wall surface of the steel scrap outlet side of the vertical shaft, and the preheating temperature of the steel scrap far away from the steel scrap outlet side of the vertical shaft is lower, so that the whole preheating temperature of the steel scrap is not uniform.
Thirdly, in the blanking process, a large amount of scrap steel can cause a certain impact on the electric furnace or the bottom of the vertical shaft because the scrap steel is fed from the top of the vertical shaft, thereby influencing the service life of the electric furnace.
Fourth, the temperature of a molten pool in the electric furnace is rapidly reduced due to the overlarge blanking amount, and the scrap smelting efficiency is affected.
Based on this, a new solution is urgently needed to solve at least part of the above drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steelmaking device with a scrap steel preheating function, so as to solve the problems in the prior art and prolong the service lives of a vertical shaft and an electric arc furnace.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides a steelmaking device with a scrap steel preheating function, which comprises an electric arc furnace and a scrap steel preheating shaft, wherein a scrap steel outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft is communicated with a scrap steel inlet of the electric arc furnace, the scrap steel outlet is arranged at the lower part of the scrap steel preheating shaft, a flue gas outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft is arranged at the upper part of the scrap steel preheating shaft, the scrap steel preheating shaft is sequentially divided into a plurality of well sections from top to bottom, the bottom structure of each well section except the bottom well section is a finger-shaped valve, the scrap steel in the well section can be supported when the finger-shaped valve is closed, the scrap steel on the finger-shaped valve can fall into the next well section when the finger-shaped valve is opened, and an air passing structure penetrating through the well sections at two sides is arranged on the finger-shaped valve.
Preferably, the waste steel preheating shaft further comprises a plurality of pure oxygen burners, each pure oxygen burner is arranged in each well section, an extraction opening is formed in the side wall of the waste steel preheating shaft, and flue gas extracted from the extraction opening is pumped into the pure oxygen burners after being treated and is used as fuel for combustion.
Preferably, the device further comprises a feeding device, wherein a scrap steel temporary storage bin is arranged at the top of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft, the top structure of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is a valve-type top surface, when the valve-type top surface is closed, scrap steel in the scrap steel temporary storage bin can be supported, and when the valve-type top surface is opened, scrap steel on the scrap steel temporary storage bin can fall into the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft; the feed inlet of scrap steel temporary storage bin sets up in the top, and feed inlet department is provided with steel construction formula flip door.
Preferably, the feeding device comprises a sorting device, a storage chamber and a conveying device which are sequentially arranged, the sorting device is used for grading the scrap steel according to the size of the scrap steel, the storage chamber is used for storing the graded scrap steel, one side of a scrap steel temporary storage bin, which faces a flue gas outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft, is a first side, the other side of the scrap steel temporary storage bin is a second side, the inner space of the scrap steel temporary storage bin is sequentially divided into a plurality of sub temporary storage bins from the first side to the second side, the sizes of the scrap steel accommodated by the sub temporary storage bins are different, the sizes of the scrap steel accommodated by the sub temporary storage bins are smaller and smaller from the first side to the second side, and the conveying device is used for conveying the scrap steel with the corresponding size into the corresponding sub temporary storage bins for temporary storage.
Preferably, the device further comprises a quicklime adding device, the flue gas outlet is provided with a flue gas outlet pipeline, and the quicklime adding device is used for spraying quicklime into the flue gas outlet pipeline.
Preferably, the waste steel preheating device further comprises a waste steel cleaning machine, wherein the waste steel cleaning machine is used for preprocessing waste steel, a cooling water pipe is arranged on the periphery of the waste steel preheating vertical shaft, a hot water tank of the waste steel cleaning machine is communicated with a water outlet of the cooling water pipe, and hot water in the hot water tank is used for being mixed with a chemical agent or a surfactant to form spray liquid and supplying the spray liquid to a spray head of the waste steel cleaning machine.
Preferably, the steel scrap outlet is arranged at one side of the bottommost well section, a steel pushing machine is arranged in the bottommost well section, the steel pushing machine is arranged corresponding to the steel scrap outlet, the steel pushing machine is used for pushing steel scrap from the steel scrap outlet into the electric arc furnace, and the speed of the steel pushing machine can be regulated and controlled according to the smelting state in the electric arc furnace.
Preferably, a temperature detection device is arranged at the part of the scrap steel preheating shaft close to the flue gas outlet.
Preferably, the bottom of the scrap steel preheating shaft is provided with a travelling wheel.
Preferably, the power of the pure oxygen burner is adjustable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
Firstly, the invention divides the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft into a plurality of sections, so that the scrap steel can fall down in sections, the influence on the service life of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft bottom or the service life of an electric arc furnace caused by overlarge impact force on the bottom of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft when the scrap steel falls down due to overlarge height of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is avoided, and when the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft is used, each well section can preheat the scrap steel, so that the scrap steel can be subjected to a multi-section preheating process, and the preheating effect is improved.
Secondly, the pure oxygen burner is arranged in the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft, and the fuel of the pure oxygen burner adopts the flue gas output from the air extraction opening, so that other fuels are not required to be additionally arranged, the scrap steel is preheated by using the chemical heat of the flue gas, and the cost is reduced.
Thirdly, the structure of the feeding device and the temporary steel scrap storage bin is improved, so that the purpose of distributing the steel scraps is achieved, namely, the steel scraps with larger size fall close to the flue gas outlet side of the steel scrap preheating shaft, and the steel scraps with smaller size are distributed on the other side, so that high-temperature flue gas can be promoted to flow to a region with higher porosity (meaning smaller flow resistance to the high-temperature flue gas), and the uniformity of steel scrap preheating is improved.
Fourth, the invention pushes the scrap steel into the electric arc furnace from the scrap steel outlet by arranging the steel pushing machine, so that a large amount of scrap steel is prevented from entering the electric arc furnace at one time, the speed of the steel pushing machine can be regulated and controlled according to the smelting state in the electric arc furnace, for example, steel is pushed according to the speed V in the initial stage of smelting, steel is pushed according to the speed V in the middle stage of smelting, steel is pushed according to the speed of 0.5V in the final stage of smelting, the initial normal steel pushing speed is achieved, after molten steel in the middle stage of electric furnace becomes more, the melting capacity of the scrap steel can be enhanced, the steel pushing speed is accelerated, and the steel pushing speed is slowed down in the later stage for matching with tapping operation.
Fifth, the invention sprays quicklime into the flue gas outlet pipeline through the quicklime adding device. The quick lime is used as an alkaline substance powder, caCl 2 can be generated in the temperature range of 600-800 ℃, so that the effective chlorine source capable of generating dioxin is reduced, and the yield of the dioxin is obviously reduced.
Sixth, the steelmaking device provided by the invention can realize continuous preheating of the scrap steel and continuous feeding of the scrap steel, thereby improving smelting efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a steelmaking apparatus with scrap preheating function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a scrap steel preheating shaft and a scrap steel temporary storage bin.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the finger gate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a longitudinal section of the finger gate.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a three-layer oscillating screen.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the crawler conveyor.
In the figure: 1-an arc furnace; 2-scrap steel preheating shaft; 201-lower half section of well; 202-upper half section of well; 203, an extraction opening; 204-a flue gas outlet duct; 205-lower pure oxygen burner; 206-a pure oxygen burner; 207-finger valve; 208-quicklime adding device; 209-pusher; 210-travelling wheels; 3-temporary storage of scrap steel; 301-a first sub-temporary bin; 302-a second sub-temporary bin; 303-a third sub-temporary storage bin; 304-valve top surface; 305-steel structural flip door; 4-oscillating screen; 401-a first layer shaker screen; 402-a second layer oscillating screen; 403-third layer oscillating screen; 5-a storage chamber; 6-crawler conveyor; 601-large diameter scrap steel conveyor belt; 602-medium diameter scrap steel conveyor belt; 603-small diameter scrap steel conveyor belt.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The embodiment of the invention provides a steelmaking device with a scrap steel preheating function, as shown in fig. 1-6, the steelmaking device comprises an electric arc furnace 1 and a scrap steel preheating shaft 2, a scrap steel outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 is communicated with a scrap steel inlet of the electric arc furnace 1, the scrap steel outlet is arranged at the lower part of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2, a flue gas outlet of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 is arranged at the upper part of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2, the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 is sequentially divided into a plurality of well sections from top to bottom, the bottom structure of each well section except the bottom well section is a finger-shaped valve 207, the scrap steel in the well section can be supported when the finger-shaped valve 207 is closed, the scrap steel on the finger-shaped valve 207 can fall into the next well section when opened, and the finger-shaped valve is provided with an air passing structure penetrating through the two side well sections, for example, a plurality of air passing holes penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface, such as a honeycomb structure, can be uniformly arranged on the finger-shaped valve 207.
Wherein, the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 is fed from the top, namely, the scrap steel is put into the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 from the top of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2; after the steel scraps fall into the topmost well section firstly, but cannot fall into the bottom of the electric arc furnace 1 or the steel scraps preheating vertical shaft 2 directly, after heating for a period of time, the finger-shaped valve 207 is opened, so that the steel scraps fall into the next well section for heating, the top well section is supplemented with the steel scraps, and the steel scraps are arranged in each well section after a certain period of operation, so that the utilization efficiency of physical heat development in high-temperature flue gas is greatly improved. Therefore, the invention divides the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 into a plurality of sections, so that the scrap steel can fall down in sections, the influence on the service life of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 or the service life of the electric arc furnace 1 caused by overlarge impact force on the bottom of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 when the scrap steel falls down due to overlarge height of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 is avoided, and when the scrap steel preheating shaft is used, each shaft section can preheat the scrap steel, so that the scrap steel can be subjected to a multi-section preheating process, and the preheating effect is improved.
In some embodiments, two well sections, three well sections, etc. may be provided, with embodiments of the invention having two well sections being preferred.
In some embodiments, the steelmaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a plurality of pure oxygen burners, each well section is internally provided with a pure oxygen burner, the side wall of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 2 is provided with an extraction opening 203, and the flue gas extracted from the extraction opening 203 is pumped into the pure oxygen burners to be used as fuel for combustion after being treated. When only two intervals are provided, then two pure oxygen burners are provided, a lower pure oxygen burner 205 and an upper pure oxygen burner 206 as shown in FIG. 2.
Specifically, the pure oxygen burner has an oxygen inlet and a fuel inlet, and the fuel is obtained by simply treating the flue gas output from the air extraction opening 203.
More preferably, the pure oxygen burners are all provided with flow regulating devices, and can be used for regulating the power of the pure oxygen burners. When the temperature of the flue gas in the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 2 is lower, the power of the pure oxygen burner is increased, and when the temperature of the flue gas in the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 2 is higher, the power of the pure oxygen burner is reduced, so that a constant preheating effect is ensured.
In order to meet the above-mentioned accurate temperature regulation, need carry out temperature detection, in some embodiments, can be equipped with temperature detection device in the part that steel scrap preheats shaft 2 and be close to the flue gas export, temperature detection device carries out communication connection with external control module in order to transmit temperature information to the external world, and the staff can be manual or through the work of control module automatic control flow control device to guarantee that the flue gas temperature that the flue gas export comes out is more invariable, and fluctuation range can not be too big.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the pure oxygen burner is arranged in the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 2, and the fuel of the pure oxygen burner adopts the flue gas output from the air extraction opening 203, so that other fuels are not required to be additionally arranged, and the chemical heat of the flue gas is utilized to preheat the scrap steel, so that the cost is reduced.
In some embodiments, the steelmaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a feeding device, a scrap steel temporary storage bin 3 is arranged at the top of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2, the top structure of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 is a valve-type top surface 304, when the valve-type top surface 304 is closed, scrap steel in the scrap steel temporary storage bin 3 can be supported, and when the valve-type top surface 304 is opened, scrap steel on the valve-type top surface can fall into the scrap steel preheating shaft 2; the feed inlet of scrap steel temporary storage bin 3 is arranged at the top, and a steel structure type flip door 305 is arranged at the feed inlet.
Specifically, the feeding device includes sorting unit, storage room 5 and conveyor that sets gradually, sorting unit is used for classifying the steel scrap according to the size of steel scrap, storage room 5 is used for storing the steel scrap after classifying, the steel scrap temporary storage storehouse 3 is the first side towards the one side of the flue gas export of steel scrap preheating shaft 2, the opposite side is the second side, steel scrap temporary storage storehouse 3 inner space divide into a plurality of sub temporary storage warehouses in proper order from first side to second side, the steel scrap size grade that every sub temporary storage warehouses held is different, the steel scrap size that a plurality of sub temporary storage warehouses held is from first side to second side is progressively less, be used for holding the first sub temporary storage warehouse 301 of jumbo size steel scrap respectively, be used for holding the second sub temporary storage warehouse 302 of medium size steel scrap, be used for holding the third sub temporary storage warehouse 303 of small-size steel scrap, conveyor is used for carrying out temporary storage to corresponding sub temporary storage warehouses in the steel scrap size.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the structures of the feeding device and the scrap steel temporary storage bin 3 are improved, so that the purpose of distributing scrap steel is realized, namely, the scrap steel with larger size falls close to the flue gas outlet side of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2, and the scrap steel with smaller size is distributed on the other side, so that high-temperature flue gas can be promoted to flow to a region with higher porosity (meaning smaller flow resistance to the high-temperature flue gas) of the scrap steel, and the uniformity of preheating the scrap steel is improved.
In order to ensure the material distribution effect during blanking, the bottom surface of the scrap steel temporary storage bin 3, namely the valve-type top surface 304 of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 2, is formed by two sliding doors, the two sliding doors slide along the direction from the first side to the second side or from the second side to the first side, and specifically, the sliding of the sliding doors can be realized by an air cylinder, a liquid cylinder or a linear motor module, so that the effect that the material in the scrap steel temporary storage bin 3 falls into the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 2 is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the finger valve comprises a left insert plate and a right insert plate, wherein the battens on the two insert plates are complementary and can slide relatively, and the sliding power source is from an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a linear motor module.
In some embodiments, the sorting device is an oscillating screen 4, the three-layer oscillating screen 4 is used for separating the waste steel into waste steel with the diameter of more than 60mm, waste steel with the diameter of 30-60mm and waste steel with the diameter of less than 30mm, the three-layer oscillating screen 4 is a first-layer oscillating screen 401, a second-layer oscillating screen 402 and a third-layer oscillating screen 403 respectively, the sorted waste steel is stacked in the storage chamber 5 in areas, and then the sorted waste steel is added into the corresponding areas of the waste steel temporary storage bin 3 through a conveying device. By this method the way of distribution in the scrap preheating shaft 2 is changed.
Specifically, the conveying device is a crawler-type conveyor 6, the crawler-type conveyor 6 is provided with three, namely a large-diameter scrap steel conveying belt 601, a medium-diameter scrap steel conveying belt 602 and a small-diameter scrap steel conveying belt 603, and scrap steel with a diameter greater than 60mm, scrap steel with a diameter in the range of 30-60mm and scrap steel with a diameter less than 30mm are respectively added into corresponding sub temporary storage bins.
In some embodiments, the steelmaking apparatus further includes a quicklime adding device 208, and the flue gas outlet is provided with a flue gas outlet pipe 204, and the quicklime adding device is used for spraying quicklime into the flue gas outlet pipe 204.
The present embodiment illustrates the injection of quicklime into the flue gas outlet duct 204 by means of the quicklime addition device 208. The quick lime is used as an alkaline substance powder, caCl 2 can be generated in the temperature range of 600-800 ℃, so that the effective chlorine source capable of generating dioxin is reduced, and the yield of the dioxin is obviously reduced.
In some embodiments, the steel scraps are pretreated before being added to the oscillating screen 4 for sorting, and the pretreatment is to clean with alkaline solution; the alkaline solution is Na 2CO3 solution or NaHCO 3 solution. Therefore, the steelmaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a scrap steel cleaning machine, wherein the scrap steel cleaning machine is used for preprocessing scrap steel, a cooling water pipe is arranged at the periphery of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft 2, a hot water tank of the scrap steel cleaning machine is communicated with a water outlet of the cooling water pipe, and hot water in the hot water tank is used for being mixed with chemical agents or surfactants to form spray liquid and supplying the spray liquid to a spray head of the scrap steel cleaning machine.
The spraying liquid adopted by the embodiment of the invention has better temperature and better effect of removing the dirt on the surfaces of the scrap steel particles.
In some embodiments, the scrap outlet is disposed on one side of the bottommost well section, a pusher 209 is disposed in the bottommost well section, the pusher 209 is disposed corresponding to the scrap outlet, the pusher 209 is used for slowly pushing scrap from the scrap outlet into the electric arc furnace 1, the speed of the pusher can be regulated according to the smelting state in the electric arc furnace, for example, pushing steel according to speed V in the initial smelting stage, pushing steel according to speed V in the middle smelting stage, and pushing steel according to speed of 0.5V in the final smelting stage. The steel pushing speed is increased after the molten steel in the middle-stage electric furnace is increased, so that the steel pushing speed is increased, and the steel pushing speed is reduced for matching with the tapping operation in the later stage.
Specifically, the pusher 209 is installed at the opposite position of the scrap outlet, and its bracket is connected to the scrap preheating shaft 2.
The embodiment of the invention can be used for slowly pushing the scrap steel into the electric arc furnace 1 from the scrap steel outlet by arranging the pusher 209, so that a large amount of scrap steel is prevented from entering the electric arc furnace 1 at one time.
In some embodiments, the travelling wheels 210 are arranged at the bottom of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2, so that the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 and the electric arc furnace 1 can be conveniently connected and detached, and it is understood that the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 and the electric arc furnace 1 need to be connected in a detachable mode.
Taking a steelmaking device with two sections as an example, the feeding process of scrap steel is described as follows:
As the steelmaking of the electric arc furnace 1 proceeds, the first scrap in the lower half well section 201 is gradually pushed into the electric arc furnace 1 by the pusher 209, and when the scrap in the lower half well section 201 is less than 0.2M (the tapping amount of the electric arc furnace 1 is set to M), the finger valve 207 at the bottom of the upper half well section 202 is opened, and the second scrap in the upper half well section 202 is added to the lower half well section 201. At this time, the valve type top surface 304 at the top of the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 is in a closed state, and high-temperature flue gas can directly flow from the lower half well section 201 to the upper half well section 202, and preheat scrap steel in the falling process.
After the first furnace scrap in the lower half well section 201 is complemented, the finger-type valve 207 at the bottom of the upper half well section 202 is closed, the valve-type top surface 304 is opened, the scrap in the scrap temporary storage bin 3 falls into the upper half well section 202, after the second furnace scrap in the upper half well section 202 is complemented, the valve-type top surface 304 is closed, the steel-structure flip door 305 at the feed inlet of the scrap temporary storage bin 3 is opened, and the next batch of scrap is conveyed through the feeding device.
Therefore, the steelmaking device provided by the invention can perform continuous preheating and charging of the scrap steel through the method, and can ensure that no smoke leakage exists in the process of charging the scrap steel temporary storage bin 3 and charging the scrap steel preheating shaft 2 through the cooperation of the gates.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a steelmaking device with scrap steel preheating function, includes electric arc furnace and scrap steel preheating shaft, scrap steel outlet of scrap steel preheating shaft with the scrap steel entry intercommunication of electric arc furnace, its characterized in that: the steel scrap preheating device comprises a steel scrap preheating shaft, a steel scrap outlet, a steel scrap preheating shaft, a steel scrap valve and a gas passing structure, wherein the steel scrap outlet is arranged at the lower part of the steel scrap preheating shaft, the gas outlet of the steel scrap preheating shaft is arranged at the upper part of the steel scrap preheating shaft, the steel scrap preheating shaft is sequentially divided into a plurality of well sections from top to bottom, the bottom structure of each well section except the bottommost well section is a finger-shaped valve, when the finger-shaped valve is closed, steel scrap in the well section can be supported, when the finger-shaped valve is opened, steel scrap on the finger-shaped valve can fall into the next well section, and the gas passing structure penetrating through the well sections on two sides is arranged on the finger-shaped valve; the waste steel preheating vertical shaft is characterized by further comprising a plurality of pure oxygen combustors, wherein each well section is internally provided with the pure oxygen combustor, the side wall of the waste steel preheating vertical shaft is provided with an extraction opening, and flue gas extracted from the extraction opening is pumped into the pure oxygen combustors after being treated and is used as fuel for combustion; the steel scrap preheating vertical shaft is characterized by further comprising a feeding device, wherein a steel scrap temporary storage bin is arranged at the top of the steel scrap preheating vertical shaft, the top structure of the steel scrap preheating vertical shaft is a valve-type top surface, when the valve-type top surface is closed, steel scrap in the steel scrap temporary storage bin can be supported, and when the valve-type top surface is opened, steel scrap on the steel scrap temporary storage bin can fall into the steel scrap preheating vertical shaft; the feeding hole of the scrap steel temporary storage bin is arranged at the top, and a steel structure type flip door is arranged at the feeding hole; the feeding device comprises a sorting device, a storage chamber and a conveying device which are sequentially arranged, wherein the sorting device is used for sorting the waste steel according to the size of the waste steel, the storage chamber is used for storing the waste steel after sorting, one side of a waste steel temporary storage bin, which faces to a flue gas outlet of the waste steel preheating shaft, is a first side, the other side of the waste steel temporary storage bin is a second side, the inner space of the waste steel temporary storage bin is sequentially divided into a plurality of sub temporary storage bins from the first side to the second side, the size grades of the waste steel contained in each sub temporary storage bin are different, the sizes of the waste steel contained in the plurality of sub temporary storage bins are smaller from the first side to the second side, and the conveying device is used for conveying the waste steel with the corresponding size into the corresponding sub temporary storage bin for temporary storage; the device is characterized by further comprising a quicklime adding device, wherein the flue gas outlet is provided with a flue gas outlet pipeline, and the quicklime adding device is used for spraying quicklime into the flue gas outlet pipeline.
2. The steel-making apparatus with scrap preheating function according to claim 1, wherein: the waste steel preheating vertical shaft is characterized by further comprising a waste steel cleaning machine, wherein the waste steel cleaning machine is used for preprocessing waste steel, a cooling water pipe is arranged on the periphery of the waste steel preheating vertical shaft, a hot water tank of the waste steel cleaning machine is communicated with a water outlet of the cooling water pipe, and hot water in the hot water tank is used for being mixed with chemical agents or surfactants to form spray liquid and supplying the spray liquid to a spray head of the waste steel cleaning machine.
3. The steel-making apparatus with scrap preheating function according to claim 1, wherein: the steel scrap outlet is arranged at one side of the bottommost well section, a steel pushing machine is arranged in the bottommost well section, the steel pushing machine is arranged corresponding to the steel scrap outlet, the steel pushing machine is used for pushing steel scrap into the electric arc furnace from the steel scrap outlet, and the speed of the steel pushing machine can be regulated and controlled according to the smelting state in the electric arc furnace.
4. The steel-making apparatus with scrap preheating function according to claim 1, wherein: and a temperature detection device is arranged at the part of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft close to the flue gas outlet.
5. The steel-making apparatus with scrap preheating function according to claim 1, wherein: and a travelling wheel is arranged at the bottom of the scrap steel preheating vertical shaft.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111321272A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steelmaking device and process for continuously preheating scrap steel |
| CN113957201A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-21 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Method for preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel and electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel |
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| WO2011141036A1 (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2011-11-17 | Progenf Ug (Haftungsbeschränkt) | Chemical pretreatment and preheating of steel scrap |
| CN218523969U (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2023-02-24 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | Flue gas treatment system of iron and steel smelting electric furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111321272A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steelmaking device and process for continuously preheating scrap steel |
| CN113957201A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-21 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Method for preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel and electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel |
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