CN118060052A - Superfine jet milling classification system and particle size regulating and controlling method - Google Patents
Superfine jet milling classification system and particle size regulating and controlling method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 16
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- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
The application discloses a superfine air flow crushing and grading system, which comprises powder equipment, wherein the powder equipment comprises a feeding bin, the bottom of the feeding bin is connected with a metering screw, the metering screw is connected with an air flow mill, the air flow mill is connected with a crushing air inlet, a grader is arranged in the air flow mill, the air flow mill is connected with a cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is connected with a draught fan, and a discharge hole of the cyclone separator is provided with an online granularity tester; the superfine jet milling classification system further comprises a powder equipment control system, wherein the powder equipment control system comprises a PLC, the PLC is connected with an online particle size tester through a program-controlled exchange, and the PLC is further connected with a classifier motor rotating speed control loop, a milling gas motor rotating speed control loop, an induced draft fan motor rotating speed control loop and a feeding motor rotating speed control loop. Has the following advantages: sequencing the primary and secondary influencing factors of the process operation parameters, and realizing the accurate regulation and control of the particle size of the material particles by adopting a series priority closed-loop control structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of jet milling, and particularly relates to a method for regulating and controlling the particle size of a product of a jet milling classification system.
Background
With the continuous progress of modern science and technology, especially the rapid rise of material science, powder engineering disciplines play an increasingly important role in industrial production, and one of the key technologies for industrial technology development has been adopted. The superfine grinding technology is widely applied to the fields of microelectronics and information technology, new energy battery materials, high-performance ceramics and refractory materials, high polymer composite materials, biopharmaceuticals, aerospace, food processing and the like.
The jet milling technology is an important method for superfine milling technology, and the requirements on the particle size and the particle size distribution of milled products are higher and higher while superfine milling is realized. Therefore, controlling the grain size of the superfine crushed product to achieve the purposes of fine grain size, narrow distribution and uniform quality has become an important subject of attention of scientific research institutions and manufacturing enterprises.
In order to reduce the crushing energy consumption and avoid overcrushing, and eliminate coarse particles in crushed products, a classifier is additionally arranged on the superfine crushing device. The coarse particles scattered randomly in the superfine jet mill are separated out from the system rapidly and densely under the action of a powerful centrifugal force field generated by the classifier, so that the requirement of the particle size of the crushed product can be met.
Because of diversity of crushed materials, complexity and individual variability of a crushing system, theoretical research on powder preparation by an air flow crushing method is far lagged behind production practice of powder preparation for a long time, technological parameters in the actual production process are still regulated by an experience trial-and-error method of operators, and for the same powder equipment, once materials of different varieties are replaced, the technological parameters are also required to be readjusted by adopting manual trial-and-error. The unavoidable occurrence of the phenomenon that the particle size of the crushed finished product does not reach the standard or is repeatedly crushed due to artificial factors such as improper processing parameter setting, not only causes long on-site debugging period, but also wastes a large amount of expensive raw materials, increases the production cost and reduces the production efficiency of powder preparation.
The crush-classification process is closely related to the properties of each individual material. However, the process of pulverizing and classifying different materials must have essential common characteristics. According to priori knowledge, the regularity of the air flow crushing-classifying process can be summarized through the influence of the process parameters of the superfine air flow grinding on the particle size. After finding regularity, the method is totally reflected by means of computer technology and automatic control theory, so that not only can the research process be accelerated and the working efficiency be improved, but also the green and energy-saving production process can be realized to a certain extent, and the production cost is greatly reduced. Because the jet milling system has complex process, various new materials are continuously emerging, and the real system is used for carrying out experiments with high cost and long period. The operations are completed by adopting mathematical modeling, computer control technology and automatic control theory, and the safe, economical and rapid effects can be achieved. Compared with the traditional experimental research method, the method has incomparable advantages. Once the control method is established, accurate regulation and control of material particles can be realized by only carrying out a small amount of physical tests and assisting with a computer control technology and an automatic control theory. Therefore, a large amount of working time is saved, the working efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the actual materials such as energy and materials consumed by the previous experiment are saved. The application of computer control technology, mathematical modeling and automatic control theory to the jet milling process is an effective way for solving the problem of accurate control of the particle size of the superfine powder.
Because the crushing working condition and the crushing environment can greatly influence the performance of the superfine powder, to obtain the optimal crushing effect, repeated experiments are usually carried out on the powder, and the optimal running condition and the crushing working condition are determined through a certain amount of experimental data. There is also a communication between the various parameters, which interact with each other. How to obtain the optimal crushing effect is a core problem to be researched, and the problem is solved perfectly, so that the development of the jet crushing process is well promoted. According to the literature study and experiment of an air flow powder equipment process system, the main and secondary factors influencing the particle size process operation parameters of the crushed particles are sequentially as follows: motor speed of the classifier, crushing air pressure, air quantity of the induced draft fan and feeding speed. The effect of the operating parameters on the particle size of the material particles is described as follows:
(1) Classifier rotational speed
Experiments show that the higher the rotating speed of the classifying wheel is, the smaller the particle size value of the output particles is; the lower the rotating speed of the classifying wheel is, the larger the particle size value of the output finished product particles is;
(2) Crushing air pressure;
as can be seen from simulation calculation and actual crushing results, under the condition that other conditions are unchanged, when the crushing pressure of the jet mill is increased from a small value to a certain value, the average particle size of the product is reduced, that is, the fineness after crushing can be reduced by theoretically increasing the crushing pressure, and the particle size value of the product is smaller as the rotating speed of a crushing gas motor is higher;
(3) The air quantity of the induced draft fan;
experiments show that the higher the rotating speed of the induced draft fan is, the larger the air quantity is, and the larger the particle size value of the output particles is; the smaller the air quantity of the induced draft fan is, the smaller the particle size value of the output particles is;
(4) A feed rate;
the larger the feeding amount in unit time is, the higher the collision probability of the material particles in the pulverizer is, so that the fineness of the product can be improved. The higher the feeding motor speed, the faster the feeding speed and the smaller the product particle size value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a particle size regulating and controlling method of an ultrafine jet mill grading system, which is used for sequencing primary and secondary influencing factors of process operation parameters according to priori knowledge of the influence of jet mill powder equipment operation parameters on particle size values of crushed material particles, and realizing accurate regulation and control of the particle sizes of the material particles by adopting a series priority closed-loop control structure and a programmable controller.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The superfine air current crushing and grading system comprises powder equipment, wherein the powder equipment comprises a feeding bin, the bottom of the feeding bin is connected with a metering screw, the metering screw is connected with an air current mill, the air current mill is connected with a crushing air inlet, a grader is arranged in the air current mill, the air current mill is connected with a cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is connected with a draught fan, and a discharge port of the cyclone separator is provided with an online granularity tester;
The superfine jet milling classification system also comprises a powder equipment control system, wherein the powder equipment control system comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) which is connected with an online granularity tester through a program-controlled exchange, and the PLC is also connected with a classifier motor rotating speed control loop, a milling gas motor rotating speed control loop, an induced draft fan motor rotating speed control loop and a feeding motor rotating speed control loop;
The classifier motor rotating speed control loop consists of particle setting rd, a 1# regulator in the PLC, a 1# frequency converter and a classifier motor, and a variable step successive approximation control algorithm is adopted by the 1# regulator in the PLC so as to accurately adjust the linear speed of the classifier;
The grinding gas motor rotating speed control loop consists of particle setting rd, a 2# regulator in a PLC, a 2# frequency converter and a grinding gas motor, wherein the 2# regulator in the PLC adopts a fixed step control algorithm to adjust the running speed of the grinding gas motor;
The rotational speed control loop of the induced draft fan motor consists of particle setting rd, a 3# regulator in a PLC, a 3# frequency converter and the induced draft fan motor, wherein the 3# regulator in the PLC adopts a fixed step control algorithm to adjust the air quantity of the induced draft fan;
The feeding motor rotating speed control loop consists of a particle setting rd, a 4# regulator in a PLC, a 4# frequency converter and a spiral feeding motor, wherein the 4# PLC internal controller adopts a fixed step control algorithm to regulate the quantity of feeding.
Furthermore, the motor rotating speed control loop of the grader adopts a variable step successive approximation control algorithm, and the variable step successive approximation control algorithm is specifically shown as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
；
；
Wherein:
: a classifier motor rotation speed output value at m+1 moment of a 1# regulator in the PLC;
: a classifier motor rotation speed output value at m time of a No. 1 regulator in the PLC;
The particle size value of the powder particles at the moment m;
Setting the particle size of the powder particles;
: the maximum value of the motor rotation speed output of the grading machine in the 1# regulator in the PLC;
: the motor rotation speed output minimum value of the grading machine in the 1# regulator in the PLC;
N, the index coefficient of the step length is regulated by a No. 1 regulator in the PLC;
K, successive approximation adjustment coefficients of a 1# adjuster in the PLC;
: step value of each motor step of the No. 1 regulator in the PLC.
Further, the rotational speed control loop of the pulverizing gas motor adopts a fixed step control algorithm, and the method is specifically as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No.2 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m moment of a No. 2 regulator in the PLC;
the induced draft fan motor rotating speed control loop adopts a fixed step control algorithm, and is specifically shown as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No. 2 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m moment of a No. 2 regulator in the PLC;
the feeding motor rotating speed control loop adopts a fixed step control algorithm, and is specifically shown as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No. 4 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m time of a No. 4 regulator in the PLC;
A fixed step value of each motor step;
: and determining whether the regulator performs addition operation or subtraction operation according to a comparison result of the set particle value and a feedback value output by the online particle size tester.
The particle size regulating and controlling method is realized based on the superfine jet milling classification system as claimed in claim 3, and comprises the following steps:
The system adopts an online particle size tester to automatically output an actual particle size feedback value once every 1 minute, so the system sets a sampling period T=60 seconds;
Step 1, initializing the rotating speed of a classifying wheel, the crushing air pressure, the rotating speed of a draught fan, the feeding amount and the weight of a cavity body, and entering step 2 after finishing;
step 2, judging whether the operation is manual, if so, manually starting an air compressor, a protective gas, a sealing gas, a classifier, an induced draft fan, a crushing gas and a feeder, and if so, entering step 3;
Step 3, starting the air compressor, the protective gas, the sealing gas, the classifier, the induced draft fan, the crushing gas and the feeding machine in sequence to run, and entering step 4 after finishing;
step 4, sampling, detecting the granularity value by an online granularity tester, and entering step 5 after the granularity value is finished;
Step 5, judging whether the particle set value-actual particle value is larger than the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 6, otherwise, returning to the step 4;
and 6, adopting priority control, namely respectively adopting a variable step algorithm and a fixed step algorithm, and sequentially calling a classifier motor rotating speed control subprogram, a crushing gas motor rotating speed control subprogram, an induced draft fan motor rotating speed control subprogram and a feeding motor rotating speed control subprogram.
Further, the classifier motor rotation speed control subroutine comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, starting a motor rotating speed control loop of the classifier, and entering step 1.2 after finishing;
Step 1.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 1.3;
Step 1.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 1.4; otherwise, enter step 1.8;
Step 1.8, determining the motor rotation speed output value of the grader at the moment m+1 of the 1# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 1.9 is carried out;
Step 1.9, judging If the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, the step 1.10 is carried out if the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, otherwise, the step 1.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 1.10 of the method, A rotating speed control subprogram of the steering crushing gas motor, which is equal to a lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the classifying motor;
Step 1.4, determining the motor rotation speed output value of the grader at the moment m+1 of the 1# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 1.5 is carried out;
Step 1.5, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, the step 1.6 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, otherwise, the step 1.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 1.6 of the method, And if the motor rotation speed is equal to the upper limit set value of the classification motor rotation speed, turning to a crushing gas motor rotation speed control subroutine.
Further, the grinding gas motor rotating speed control subroutine comprises the following steps:
Step 2.1, starting a grinding gas motor rotating speed control loop, and entering step 2.2 after finishing the operation;
Step 2.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 2.3;
step 2.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 2.4; otherwise, enter step 2.8;
Step 2.8, determining the output value of the rotational speed of the grinding gas motor at the moment m+1 of the 2# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 2.9 is carried out;
Step 2.9, judging If the rotational speed reaches the lower limit set value of the pulverizing gas motor, the step 2.10 is carried out if the rotational speed reaches the lower limit set value, otherwise, the step 2.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 2.10 of the method, A motor rotating speed control subprogram of the steering induced draft fan, wherein the motor rotating speed control subprogram is equal to a lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the grinding gas motor;
Step 2.4, determining the output value of the rotational speed of the grinding gas motor at the moment m+1 of the 2# regulator in the PLC Step 2.5 is carried out after the completion;
Step 2.5, judging If the rotational speed reaches the upper limit set value of the pulverizing gas motor, the step 2.6 is carried out if the rotational speed reaches the upper limit set value, otherwise, the step 2.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 2.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the upper limit set value of the rotational speed of the motor of the crushing gas, the motor of the induced draft fan is turned to a rotational speed control subroutine.
Further, the fan motor rotation speed control subroutine includes the following steps:
Step 3.1, starting a motor rotating speed control loop of the induced draft fan, and entering step 3.2 after finishing;
Step 3.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 3.3;
step 3.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 3.4; otherwise, enter step 3.8;
step 3.8, determining the output value of the motor rotation speed of the induced draft fan at the moment m+1 of the 3# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 3.9 is carried out;
step 3.9, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, the step 3.10 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, otherwise, the step 3.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 3.10 of the method, A rotating speed control subprogram of the steering feeding motor, wherein the rotating speed control subprogram is equal to the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the motor of the induced draft fan;
step 3.4, determining the output value of the rotation speed of the motor of the induced draft fan at the moment m+1 of the 3# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 3.5 is carried out;
Step 3.5, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, the step 3.6 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, otherwise, the step 3.2 is carried out in a return mode;
in the step 3.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the lower limit set value of the motor rotation speed of the induced draft fan, the subroutine is controlled by the rotation speed of the steering feeding motor.
Further, the rotation speed control subroutine of the feeding motor comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, starting a feeding motor rotating speed control loop, and entering step 4.2 after finishing;
Step 4.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 4.3;
Step 4.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 4.4; otherwise, enter step 4.8;
step 4.8, determining the rotation speed output value of the feeding motor at the moment m+1 of the 4# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 4.9 is carried out;
Step 4.9, judging If the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, the step 4.10 is carried out if the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, otherwise, the step 4.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In step 4.10 of the method, A turning feeding motor rotating speed control subprogram, which is equal to a lower limit set value of the feeding motor rotating speed;
Step 4.4, determining the rotation speed output value of the feeding motor at the moment m+1 of the 4# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 4.5 is carried out;
Step 4.5, judging If the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, the step 4.6 is carried out if the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, otherwise, the step 4.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 4.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor, turning to a subroutine of the rotating speed control of the feeding motor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
And sequencing primary and secondary influence factors of process operation parameters according to priori knowledge of the influence of the operation parameters of the air flow powder equipment on the particle size values of the crushed material particles, and accurately regulating and controlling the particle sizes of the material particles by adopting a series priority closed-loop control structure through a programmable controller. The specific method comprises the following steps: the main factors influencing the particle size of the particles are firstly regulated and controlled, and then the secondary factors are sequentially regulated and controlled, so that the automatic control effect that the particle size of the output dust can quickly reach a set value is realized, and the phenomena of long debugging period and serious raw material waste caused by adopting a manual trial and error method due to different kinds of materials and different production environments are effectively avoided. The method is simple to operate, high in automation degree and applicable to crushing of different materials and different production environments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a powder plant processing process flow in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the powder device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the control system of the powder equipment in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the control of the powder equipment in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a main process of controlling the powder equipment in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a motor speed control subroutine of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a subroutine of the speed control of the pulverizing air motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a subroutine for controlling the rotational speed of a motor of an induced draft fan according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a subroutine for controlling the rotational speed of a feed motor in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and 2, an ultrafine jet mill grading system comprises powder equipment, wherein the powder equipment comprises a feeding bin 1, a metering screw 2 is connected to the bottom of the feeding bin 1, the metering screw 2 is connected with a jet mill 4, the jet mill 4 is connected with a mill air inlet 3, a grader 5 is installed in the jet mill 4, the jet mill 4 is connected with a cyclone separator 6, the cyclone separator 6 is connected with an induced draft fan 8, and a discharge hole of the cyclone separator 6 is provided with an online particle size tester 7.
The materials enter an air flow mill 4 through a feeding bin 1, the crushing gas 3 is accelerated into supersonic air flow through a Laval nozzle and enters a crushing chamber of the air flow mill 4, the materials in the crushing chamber are accelerated into fluidization by the supersonic air flow and collide with each other and are crushed with each other, and accordingly superfine crushing of the materials is achieved. The crushed materials are sent to a classification area by an ascending airflow, and fine powder meeting the granularity requirement is separated by a classifier 5. The coarse powder which is not separated out is returned to the collision crushing area to be crushed until the coarse powder is crushed to the required fineness, and finally the coarse powder is separated out by the classification stage 4. The air flow carrying the finished powder enters the cyclone separator 6 for separation, and most of the finished powder is discharged by the discharging device after being separated by the cyclone separator 6. The rest of the superfine powder and the gas enter a pulse dust collector and are collected by the pulse dust collector, and the purified gas is discharged out of the machine through a draught fan 8. The online granularity tester 7 detects the granularity of the product in real time.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the hardware structure of the superfine jet mill classification system further comprises a powder equipment control system, the powder equipment control system comprises a PLC, the PLC is connected with an online particle size tester 7 through a program-controlled exchange, the PLC is further connected with a classifier motor rotating speed control loop, a mill gas motor rotating speed control loop, a draught fan motor rotating speed control loop and a feeding motor rotating speed control loop, the classifier motor rotating speed control loop is that a 1# regulator in the PLC controls the classifier motor through a 1# frequency converter, the mill gas motor rotating speed control loop is that a 2# regulator in the PLC controls the mill gas motor through a 2# frequency converter, the draught fan motor rotating speed control loop is that a 3# regulator in the PLC controls the draught fan motor through the 3# frequency converter, and the feeding motor rotating speed control loop is that a 4# regulator in the PLC controls the feeding motor through the 4# frequency converter.
The classifier motor rotating speed control loop consists of particle setting rd, a 1# regulator in the PLC, a 1# frequency converter and a classifier motor, wherein a variable step successive approximation regulation control algorithm is adopted by the 1# regulator in the PLC so as to accurately regulate the linear speed of the classifier.
Because the rotating speed of the motor of the classifier is a main factor influencing the particle size value of the particles, in order to realize the precise control of the particle size of the particles, a variable step method is adopted to carry out a successive approximation algorithm as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
；
；
Wherein:
: a classifier motor rotation speed output value at m+1 moment of a 1# regulator in the PLC;
: a classifier motor rotation speed output value at m time of a No. 1 regulator in the PLC;
The particle size value of the powder particles at the moment m;
Setting the particle size of the powder particles;
: the maximum value of the motor rotation speed output of the grading machine in the 1# regulator in the PLC;
: the motor rotation speed output minimum value of the grading machine in the 1# regulator in the PLC;
N, the index coefficient of the step length is regulated by a No. 1 regulator in the PLC;
K, successive approximation adjustment coefficients of a 1# adjuster in the PLC;
: step value of each motor step of the No. 1 regulator in the PLC.
The grinding gas motor rotating speed control loop consists of particle setting rd, a 2# regulator in the PLC, a 2# frequency converter and a grinding gas motor, wherein the 2# regulator in the PLC adopts a fixed step length adjusting control algorithm to adjust the running speed of the grinding gas motor.
Because the influence of the crushing air pressure on the particle size value of the particles is relatively weak, and the adjusting range of the crushing air pressure is narrow. Therefore, the operation parameter control algorithm can meet the system requirement by adopting a fixed step algorithm. The control algorithm of the 2# regulator in the PLC is as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No.2 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m moment of a No. 2 regulator in the PLC;
A fixed step value of each motor step;
: and determining whether the regulator performs addition operation or subtraction operation according to a comparison result of the set particle value and a feedback value output by the online particle size tester.
The induced draft fan motor rotating speed control loop consists of particle setting rd, a 3# regulator in a PLC, a 3# frequency converter and an induced draft fan motor, wherein the 3# regulator in the PLC can meet the requirement of regulating the air quantity of the induced draft fan by adopting a fixed step length regulation control algorithm, and the control algorithm is as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No.2 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m moment of a No. 2 regulator in the PLC;
A fixed step value of each motor step;
: and determining whether the regulator performs addition operation or subtraction operation according to a comparison result of the set particle value and a feedback value output by the online particle size tester.
The feeding motor rotating speed control loop consists of a particle setting rd, a 4# regulator in a PLC, a 4# frequency converter and a spiral feeding motor, wherein the 4# PLC internal controller adopts a fixed step length adjusting control algorithm to adjust the quantity of feeding, and the control algorithm is as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No. 4 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m time of a No. 4 regulator in the PLC;
A fixed step value of each motor step;
: and determining whether the regulator performs addition operation or subtraction operation according to a comparison result of the set particle value and a feedback value output by the online particle size tester.
According to the particle size regulation and control method of the superfine jet milling classification system, an on-line particle size tester adopted by the system automatically outputs an actual particle size feedback value once every 1 minute, so that the system sets a sampling period T=60 seconds.
As shown in fig. 5, the particle diameter regulating method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, initializing the rotating speed of a classifying wheel, the crushing air pressure, the rotating speed of a draught fan, the feeding amount and the weight of a cavity body, and entering step 2 after finishing;
step 2, judging whether the operation is manual, if so, manually starting an air compressor, a protective gas, a sealing gas, a classifier, an induced draft fan, a crushing gas and a feeder, and if so, entering step 3;
Step 3, starting the air compressor, the protective gas, the sealing gas, the classifier, the induced draft fan, the crushing gas and the feeding machine in sequence to run, and entering step 4 after finishing;
step 4, sampling, detecting the granularity value by an online granularity tester, and entering step 5 after the granularity value is finished;
Step 5, judging whether the particle set value-actual particle value is larger than the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 6, otherwise, returning to the step 4;
and 6, adopting priority control, namely respectively adopting a variable step algorithm and a fixed step algorithm, and sequentially calling a classifier motor rotating speed control subprogram, a crushing gas motor rotating speed control subprogram, an induced draft fan motor rotating speed control subprogram and a feeding motor rotating speed control subprogram.
As shown in fig. 6, the classifier motor rotation speed control subroutine includes the steps of:
step 1.1, starting a motor rotating speed control loop of the classifier, and entering step 1.2 after finishing;
Step 1.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 1.3;
Step 1.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 1.4; otherwise, enter step 1.8;
Step 1.8, determining the motor rotation speed output value of the grader at the moment m+1 of the 1# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 1.9 is carried out;
Step 1.9, judging If the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, the step 1.10 is carried out if the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, otherwise, the step 1.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 1.10 of the method, A rotating speed control subprogram of the steering crushing gas motor, which is equal to a lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the classifying motor;
Step 1.4, determining the motor rotation speed output value of the grader at the moment m+1 of the 1# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 1.5 is carried out;
Step 1.5, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, the step 1.6 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, otherwise, the step 1.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 1.6 of the method, And if the motor rotation speed is equal to the upper limit set value of the classification motor rotation speed, turning to a crushing gas motor rotation speed control subroutine.
As shown in fig. 7, the grinding gas motor rotation speed control subroutine includes the following steps:
Step 2.1, starting a grinding gas motor rotating speed control loop, and entering step 2.2 after finishing the operation;
Step 2.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 2.3;
step 2.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 2.4; otherwise, enter step 2.8;
Step 2.8, determining the output value of the rotational speed of the grinding gas motor at the moment m+1 of the 2# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 2.9 is carried out;
Step 2.9, judging If the rotational speed reaches the lower limit set value of the pulverizing gas motor, the step 2.10 is carried out if the rotational speed reaches the lower limit set value, otherwise, the step 2.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 2.10 of the method, A motor rotating speed control subprogram of the steering induced draft fan, wherein the motor rotating speed control subprogram is equal to a lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the grinding gas motor;
Step 2.4, determining the output value of the rotational speed of the grinding gas motor at the moment m+1 of the 2# regulator in the PLC Step 2.5 is carried out after the completion;
Step 2.5, judging If the rotational speed reaches the upper limit set value of the pulverizing gas motor, the step 2.6 is carried out if the rotational speed reaches the upper limit set value, otherwise, the step 2.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 2.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the upper limit set value of the rotational speed of the motor of the crushing gas, the motor of the induced draft fan is turned to a rotational speed control subroutine. /(I)
As shown in fig. 8, the fan motor rotation speed control subroutine includes the following steps:
Step 3.1, starting a motor rotating speed control loop of the induced draft fan, and entering step 3.2 after finishing;
Step 3.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 3.3;
step 3.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 3.4; otherwise, enter step 3.8;
step 3.8, determining the output value of the motor rotation speed of the induced draft fan at the moment m+1 of the 3# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 3.9 is carried out;
step 3.9, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, the step 3.10 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, otherwise, the step 3.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 3.10 of the method, A rotating speed control subprogram of the steering feeding motor, wherein the rotating speed control subprogram is equal to the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the motor of the induced draft fan;
step 3.4, determining the output value of the rotation speed of the motor of the induced draft fan at the moment m+1 of the 3# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 3.5 is carried out;
Step 3.5, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, the step 3.6 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, otherwise, the step 3.2 is carried out in a return mode;
in the step 3.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the lower limit set value of the motor rotation speed of the induced draft fan, the subroutine is controlled by the rotation speed of the steering feeding motor.
As shown in fig. 9, the rotation speed control subroutine of the feeding motor includes the following steps:
step 4.1, starting a feeding motor rotating speed control loop, and entering step 4.2 after finishing;
Step 4.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 4.3;
Step 4.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 4.4; otherwise, enter step 4.8;
step 4.8, determining the rotation speed output value of the feeding motor at the moment m+1 of the 4# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 4.9 is carried out;
Step 4.9, judging If the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, the step 4.10 is carried out if the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, otherwise, the step 4.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In step 4.10 of the method, A turning feeding motor rotating speed control subprogram, which is equal to a lower limit set value of the feeding motor rotating speed;
Step 4.4, determining the rotation speed output value of the feeding motor at the moment m+1 of the 4# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 4.5 is carried out;
Step 4.5, judging If the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, the step 4.6 is carried out if the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, otherwise, the step 4.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 4.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor, turning to a subroutine of the rotating speed control of the feeding motor.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (8)
1. A superfine jet milling classification system is characterized in that: the powder device comprises a feeding bin (1), wherein the bottom of the feeding bin (1) is connected with a metering screw (2), the metering screw (2) is connected with an air mill (4), the air mill (4) is connected with a crushing air inlet (3), a classifier (5) is arranged in the air mill (4), the air mill (4) is connected with a cyclone separator (6), the cyclone separator (6) is connected with an induced draft fan (8), and a discharge hole of the cyclone separator (6) is provided with an online granularity tester (7);
The superfine jet milling classification system also comprises a powder equipment control system, wherein the powder equipment control system comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) which is connected with an online granularity tester (7) through a program-controlled exchange, and the PLC is also connected with a classifier motor rotating speed control loop, a milling gas motor rotating speed control loop, an induced draft fan motor rotating speed control loop and a feeding motor rotating speed control loop;
The classifier motor rotating speed control loop consists of particle setting rd, a 1# regulator in the PLC, a 1# frequency converter and a classifier motor, and a variable step successive approximation control algorithm is adopted by the 1# regulator in the PLC so as to accurately adjust the linear speed of the classifier;
The grinding gas motor rotating speed control loop consists of particle setting rd, a 2# regulator in a PLC, a 2# frequency converter and a grinding gas motor, wherein the 2# regulator in the PLC adopts a fixed step control algorithm to adjust the running speed of the grinding gas motor;
The rotational speed control loop of the induced draft fan motor consists of particle setting rd, a 3# regulator in a PLC, a 3# frequency converter and the induced draft fan motor, wherein the 3# regulator in the PLC adopts a fixed step control algorithm to adjust the air quantity of the induced draft fan;
The feeding motor rotating speed control loop consists of a particle setting rd, a 4# regulator in a PLC, a 4# frequency converter and a spiral feeding motor, wherein the 4# PLC internal controller adopts a fixed step control algorithm to regulate the quantity of feeding.
2. A superfine jet milling classification system as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the motor rotating speed control loop of the grader adopts a variable step successive approximation control algorithm, and is specifically shown as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
；
；
Wherein:
: a classifier motor rotation speed output value at m+1 moment of a 1# regulator in the PLC;
: a classifier motor rotation speed output value at m time of a No. 1 regulator in the PLC;
The particle size value of the powder particles at the moment m;
Setting the particle size of the powder particles;
: the maximum value of the motor rotation speed output of the grading machine in the 1# regulator in the PLC;
: the motor rotation speed output minimum value of the grading machine in the 1# regulator in the PLC;
N, the index coefficient of the step length is regulated by a No. 1 regulator in the PLC;
K, successive approximation adjustment coefficients of a 1# adjuster in the PLC;
: step value of each motor step of the No. 1 regulator in the PLC.
3. A superfine jet milling classification system as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the grinding gas motor rotating speed control loop adopts a fixed step control algorithm, and is specifically shown as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No.2 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m moment of a No. 2 regulator in the PLC;
the induced draft fan motor rotating speed control loop adopts a fixed step control algorithm, and is specifically shown as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No.2 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m moment of a No. 2 regulator in the PLC;
the feeding motor rotating speed control loop adopts a fixed step control algorithm, and is specifically shown as follows:
，m=0，1,2,3……，n ；
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at the moment m+1 of a No. 4 regulator in the PLC;
: a grinding gas motor rotation speed output value at m time of a No. 4 regulator in the PLC;
A fixed step value of each motor step;
: and determining whether the regulator performs addition operation or subtraction operation according to a comparison result of the set particle value and a feedback value output by the online particle size tester.
4. A particle size regulating and controlling method of an ultrafine jet milling classification system is characterized in that: the particle size regulating and controlling method is realized based on the superfine jet milling classification system as claimed in claim 3, and comprises the following steps:
The system adopts an online particle size tester to automatically output an actual particle size feedback value once every 1 minute, so the system sets a sampling period T=60 seconds;
Step 1, initializing the rotating speed of a classifying wheel, the crushing air pressure, the rotating speed of a draught fan, the feeding amount and the weight of a cavity body, and entering step 2 after finishing;
step 2, judging whether the operation is manual, if so, manually starting an air compressor, a protective gas, a sealing gas, a classifier, an induced draft fan, a crushing gas and a feeder, and if so, entering step 3;
Step 3, starting the air compressor, the protective gas, the sealing gas, the classifier, the induced draft fan, the crushing gas and the feeding machine in sequence to run, and entering step 4 after finishing;
step 4, sampling, detecting the granularity value by an online granularity tester, and entering step 5 after the granularity value is finished;
Step 5, judging whether the particle set value-actual particle value is larger than the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 6, otherwise, returning to the step 4;
and 6, adopting priority control, namely respectively adopting a variable step algorithm and a fixed step algorithm, and sequentially calling a classifier motor rotating speed control subprogram, a crushing gas motor rotating speed control subprogram, an induced draft fan motor rotating speed control subprogram and a feeding motor rotating speed control subprogram.
5. The method for adjusting and controlling the particle size of a superfine jet milling classification system according to claim 4, wherein: the motor rotating speed control subroutine of the grader comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, starting a motor rotating speed control loop of the classifier, and entering step 1.2 after finishing;
Step 1.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 1.3;
Step 1.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 1.4; otherwise, enter step 1.8;
Step 1.8, determining the motor rotation speed output value of the grader at the moment m+1 of the 1# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 1.9 is carried out;
Step 1.9, judging If the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, the step 1.10 is carried out if the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, otherwise, the step 1.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 1.10 of the method, A rotating speed control subprogram of the steering crushing gas motor, which is equal to a lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the classifying motor;
Step 1.4, determining the motor rotation speed output value of the grader at the moment m+1 of the 1# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 1.5 is carried out;
Step 1.5, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, the step 1.6 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the rotating speed of the grading motor is reached, otherwise, the step 1.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 1.6 of the method, And if the motor rotation speed is equal to the upper limit set value of the classification motor rotation speed, turning to a crushing gas motor rotation speed control subroutine.
6. The method for adjusting and controlling the particle size of a superfine jet milling classification system according to claim 4, wherein: the grinding gas motor rotating speed control subroutine comprises the following steps:
Step 2.1, starting a grinding gas motor rotating speed control loop, and entering step 2.2 after finishing the operation;
Step 2.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 2.3;
step 2.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 2.4; otherwise, enter step 2.8;
Step 2.8, determining the output value of the rotational speed of the grinding gas motor at the moment m+1 of the 2# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 2.9 is carried out;
Step 2.9, judging If the rotational speed reaches the lower limit set value of the pulverizing gas motor, the step 2.10 is carried out if the rotational speed reaches the lower limit set value, otherwise, the step 2.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 2.10 of the method, A motor rotating speed control subprogram of the steering induced draft fan, wherein the motor rotating speed control subprogram is equal to a lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the grinding gas motor;
Step 2.4, determining the output value of the rotational speed of the grinding gas motor at the moment m+1 of the 2# regulator in the PLC Step 2.5 is carried out after the completion;
Step 2.5, judging If the rotational speed reaches the upper limit set value of the pulverizing gas motor, the step 2.6 is carried out if the rotational speed reaches the upper limit set value, otherwise, the step 2.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 2.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the upper limit set value of the rotational speed of the motor of the crushing gas, the motor of the induced draft fan is turned to a rotational speed control subroutine.
7. The method for adjusting and controlling the particle size of a superfine jet milling classification system according to claim 4, wherein: the draught fan motor rotating speed control subroutine comprises the following steps:
Step 3.1, starting a motor rotating speed control loop of the induced draft fan, and entering step 3.2 after finishing;
Step 3.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 3.3;
step 3.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 3.4; otherwise, enter step 3.8;
step 3.8, determining the output value of the motor rotation speed of the induced draft fan at the moment m+1 of the 3# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 3.9 is carried out;
step 3.9, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, the step 3.10 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, otherwise, the step 3.2 is carried out in a return mode;
In the step 3.10 of the method, A rotating speed control subprogram of the steering feeding motor, wherein the rotating speed control subprogram is equal to the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the motor of the induced draft fan;
step 3.4, determining the output value of the rotation speed of the motor of the induced draft fan at the moment m+1 of the 3# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 3.5 is carried out;
Step 3.5, judging If the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, the step 3.6 is carried out if the set value of the upper limit of the motor speed of the induced draft fan is reached, otherwise, the step 3.2 is carried out in a return mode;
in the step 3.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the lower limit set value of the motor rotation speed of the induced draft fan, the subroutine is controlled by the rotation speed of the steering feeding motor.
8. The method for adjusting and controlling the particle size of a superfine jet milling classification system according to claim 4, wherein: the rotating speed control subroutine of the feeding motor comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, starting a feeding motor rotating speed control loop, and entering step 4.2 after finishing;
Step 4.2, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is not equal to the allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 4.3;
Step 4.3, judging whether the set particle size value-the detection value of the online particle size tester is smaller than an allowable error value delta, if so, entering step 4.4; otherwise, enter step 4.8;
step 4.8, determining the rotation speed output value of the feeding motor at the moment m+1 of the 4# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 4.9 is carried out;
Step 4.9, judging If the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, the step 4.10 is carried out if the set value of the lower limit of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, otherwise, the step 4.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In step 4.10 of the method, A turning feeding motor rotating speed control subprogram, which is equal to a lower limit set value of the feeding motor rotating speed;
Step 4.4, determining the rotation speed output value of the feeding motor at the moment m+1 of the 4# regulator in the PLC After the completion, the step 4.5 is carried out;
Step 4.5, judging If the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, the step 4.6 is carried out if the upper limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor is reached, otherwise, the step 4.2 is carried out in a returning mode;
In the step 4.6 of the method, And if the set value is equal to the lower limit set value of the rotating speed of the feeding motor, turning to a subroutine of the rotating speed control of the feeding motor.
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