CN118049901A - Phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen - Google Patents
Phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen Download PDFInfo
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- CN118049901A CN118049901A CN202410353916.9A CN202410353916A CN118049901A CN 118049901 A CN118049901 A CN 118049901A CN 202410353916 A CN202410353916 A CN 202410353916A CN 118049901 A CN118049901 A CN 118049901A
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid nitrogen
- liquid
- oxygen
- bag
- liquid oxygen
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 416
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 243
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000922 High-strength low-alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[O] Chemical compound [N].[O] OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, which relates to the technical field of rock blasting and comprises a liquid nitrogen bearing bag, an upper fixing component, a lower fixing component, a roll paper structure and a liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system; the liquid nitrogen bearing bag is of a hollow cylindrical structure; the upper fixing component is arranged above the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the lower fixing component is arranged at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the roll paper structure is arranged on the inner side of the liquid nitrogen containing bag. The device provided by the invention utilizes liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen to be heated to generate phase change expansion, so that the effect of breaking rock is achieved. The liquid nitrogen containing bag is made of composite materials, so that the liquid nitrogen containing bag can bear the low temperature of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen and cannot be broken due to embrittlement of the materials at low temperature. The design of the upper fixing assembly and the lower fixing assembly and the use of glue ensure the tightness of the cylinder space formed in the upper fixing assembly, the lower fixing assembly and the liquid nitrogen bearing bag, so that liquid oxygen can not leak.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock blasting, in particular to a phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen.
Background
In the process of excavating a roadway, the current method mainly adopts explosive blasting, and has the following defects:
1. The blast shock wave is strong;
2. The blasting flying stone is far away;
3. The earthquake intensity is high;
4. generating toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and the like;
5. The transportation and storage have great potential safety hazards.
In recent years, some novel gas energy rock breaking methods, such as carbon dioxide gas expansion rock breaking, oxygen expansion rock breaking and the like, have appeared, which effectively solve the disadvantages of the explosive blasting.
Oxygen rock breaking has certain advantages over carbon dioxide gas expanded rock breaking in several aspects:
1. In terms of providing heat for gas phase transition, carbon dioxide rock breaking relies on burning of an excitation tube, while oxygen rock breaking relies on burning of roll paper and combustion supporting of oxygen, the latter being lower in cost than the former;
2. The carbon dioxide rock breaking involves easy explosion chemicals: potassium permanganate, and oxygen rock breaking does not contain explosive chemicals, so that the safety is high;
3. The gas phase-change volume expansion multiple of the carbon dioxide is about 600 times, and the gas phase-change volume expansion multiple of the oxygen is about 800 times, so that the oxygen rock breaking effect is better than that of the carbon dioxide rock breaking effect;
4. The steel cracking pipe used in the carbon dioxide rock breaking is fixed in size and short, is not suitable for deep hole blasting and is inconvenient to operate, and the oxygen rock breaking adopts a flexible cracking pipe which is manufactured on site, can be suitable for different hole depths and is convenient to operate.
From the above several aspects, it can be demonstrated that oxygen rock breaking is superior to carbon dioxide rock breaking. However, the price of liquid oxygen is higher, the price of liquid nitrogen is relatively lower, and the phase change volume expansion coefficients of the liquid oxygen and the liquid nitrogen are not very different, so that we want to use liquid nitrogen to replace liquid oxygen for breaking rock, but roll paper cannot burn in an environment filled with liquid nitrogen, and therefore, a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on the combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, which utilizes liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen to generate phase-change expansion when heated, thereby achieving the rock breaking effect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
The invention provides a phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, which comprises a liquid nitrogen carrying bag, an upper fixing assembly, a lower fixing assembly, a roll paper structure and a liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen supply system; the liquid nitrogen bearing bag is of a hollow cylindrical structure; the upper fixing component is arranged above the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the lower fixing component is arranged at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the roll paper structure is arranged on the inner side of the liquid nitrogen containing bag; the liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system is used for supplying liquid nitrogen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen containing bag and supplying liquid oxygen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen containing bag.
Optionally, a liquid nitrogen bag annular structure is arranged at the top of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the liquid nitrogen bag annular structure is used for enabling the liquid nitrogen carrying bag to keep a hollow cylindrical structure; a liquid nitrogen filling single tube and a liquid nitrogen bag exhaust pipe are arranged on the inner side of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the lower end of the liquid nitrogen filling single tube extends to the lower part of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the lower end of the liquid nitrogen bag exhaust pipe extends to the upper part of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the upper end of the liquid-filled nitrogen single pipe is communicated with a liquid-filled nitrogen main pipe of the liquid oxygen-supplying liquid nitrogen system.
Optionally, the lower fixing component comprises a bearing bag locating clamp and a bearing assembly; the bearing bag positioning clamp is of a hollow semi-cylindrical structure; the bearing assembly comprises a top disc, a bearing cylinder and a bottom disc; the middle part of the top surface of the chassis is provided with the bearing cylinder, the top of the bearing cylinder is provided with the top disc, the diameter of the chassis is larger than that of the top disc, and the diameter of the top disc is larger than that of the bearing cylinder; the holding bag locating clamp is arranged on the bottom plate and is positioned on the side parts of the top plate and the holding column body.
Optionally, a small wedge is arranged at the top of the bagging positioning clamp, and the inclined surface of the small wedge faces to the center of the chassis; an elastic piece is arranged between the bearing bag positioning clamp and the bearing cylinder.
Optionally, the elastic element is a coil spring.
Optionally, the upper fixing component and the lower fixing component have the same structure; and an exhaust through hole, a fire wire through hole, a liquid oxygen bag exhaust through hole and a liquid nitrogen through hole are arranged in the bearing assembly in the upper fixing assembly.
Optionally, the roll paper structure comprises a liquid oxygen filling single pipe, liquid oxygen filling holes, roll paper, fire wires and fire sheets; the lower end of the liquid oxygen filling single tube is provided with a plurality of liquid oxygen filling holes, and the lower end of the liquid oxygen filling single tube extends to the inner side of the roll paper; the lower extreme of the fire wire is provided with the fire piece, the fire piece set up in the stock form, the upper end of fire wire extends to ground.
Optionally, the liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system comprises a liquid nitrogen total tank, a liquid nitrogen sub-tank, a liquid oxygen total tank and a liquid oxygen sub-tank; a gasification booster is arranged between the liquid nitrogen total tank and the liquid nitrogen sub-tank and between the liquid oxygen total tank and the liquid oxygen sub-tank respectively; the liquid nitrogen main pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the liquid nitrogen sub-tank, and the liquid oxygen main pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the liquid oxygen sub-tank; valves are respectively arranged on the liquid-filled nitrogen main pipe and the liquid-filled oxygen main pipe; the liquid-filled nitrogen main pipe is communicated with a plurality of liquid-filled nitrogen single pipes; the liquid-filled oxygen main pipe is communicated with a plurality of liquid-filled oxygen single pipes; the liquid nitrogen filling single tube is used for supplying liquid nitrogen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the liquid oxygen filling single tube is used for supplying liquid oxygen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
According to the phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on the combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, a gasification booster in a liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen system utilizes gas phase-change expansion to generate pressure difference, liquid in the other tank bodies is extruded into a liquid filling main pipe, and liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen are heated to generate phase-change expansion, so that the rock breaking effect is achieved. The liquid nitrogen containing bag is made of composite materials, so that the liquid nitrogen containing bag can bear the low temperature of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen and cannot be broken due to embrittlement of the materials at low temperature. The design of the upper fixing assembly and the lower fixing assembly and the use of glue ensure the tightness of the cylinder space formed in the upper fixing assembly, the lower fixing assembly and the liquid nitrogen bearing bag, so that liquid oxygen can not leak.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on the combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a liquid nitrogen carrying bag in a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower fixing component in a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a bagging locating clip in a lower fixing assembly of a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on the combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cylindrical assembly in a lower fixed assembly of a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reel assembly in a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on the combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an upper fixed component in a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a ground liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system in a phase change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a liquid nitrogen filling single tube; 2. the liquid nitrogen bag exhaust pipe; 3. a liquid nitrogen bag ring structure; 4. a holding bag positioning clamp; 5. carrying and installing the combination body; 6. a small wedge; 7. a positioning plate; 8. a spring; 9. a top plate; 10. a receiving column; 11. a chassis; 14. a single tube of liquid oxygen; 15. filling liquid oxygen holes; 16. winding paper; 17. a firing line; 18. a fire generating tablet; 19. an exhaust through hole; 20. a firing line through hole; 21. a liquid oxygen through hole; 22. a liquid oxygen bag exhaust through hole; 23. a liquid nitrogen through hole; 24. a liquid oxygen total tank; 25. a gasification supercharger; 26. a liquid nitrogen main tank; 27. liquid oxygen separating tank; 28. dividing liquid nitrogen into tanks; 29. a valve; 30. a liquid-filled oxygen header; 31. a liquid-filled nitrogen header.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, which comprises a liquid nitrogen carrying bag, an upper fixing component, a lower fixing component, a roll paper 16 structure and a liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system; the liquid nitrogen bearing bag is of a hollow cylindrical structure; the upper fixing component is arranged above the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the lower fixing component is arranged at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the roll paper 16 is structurally arranged on the inner side of the liquid nitrogen containing bag; the liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system is used for supplying liquid nitrogen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen containing bag and supplying liquid oxygen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen containing bag.
In the specific embodiment, a liquid nitrogen bag annular structure 3 is arranged at the top of the liquid nitrogen bagging, and the liquid nitrogen bag annular structure 3 is used for enabling the liquid nitrogen bagging to keep a hollow cylindrical structure; the inner side of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag is provided with a liquid nitrogen filling single pipe 1 and a liquid nitrogen bag exhaust pipe 2; the lower end of the liquid nitrogen filling single tube 1 extends to the lower part of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the lower end of the liquid nitrogen bag exhaust tube 2 extends to the upper part of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the upper end of the liquid nitrogen filling single tube 1 is communicated with a liquid nitrogen filling main tube 31 of a liquid oxygen liquid nitrogen supplying system.
In a more specific embodiment, the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and the liquid nitrogen filling single tube 1 are made of low-temperature resistant composite materials, and the liquid nitrogen filling single tube 1 is L-shaped and has a diameter of 1cm. The liquid nitrogen filling single tube 1 is tightly attached to the inner surface of the bottom of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and is integrated with the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, the length of the transverse short tube is 1cm, the distance from the bottom of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag is 10mm, the vertical long tube passes through the liquid nitrogen through hole 23 of the upper fixed carrying bag structure to reach the orifice, and a part of the length of the orifice is used for connecting the liquid nitrogen filling main tube 31. The blast pipe of liquid nitrogen bearing bag is L type, hugs closely at liquid nitrogen bearing bag top internal surface and fuses with it, and horizontal short pipe length is 1cm, and 25mm apart from liquid nitrogen bearing bag top, vertical long pipe pass the upper portion and fix the exhaust through-hole 19 of bearing bag structure until drill way department, and drill way department remains a part length.
The upper fixing component and the lower fixing component have the same structure and are made of HSLA steel materials; the lower fixing component comprises a bearing bag positioning clamp 4 and a bearing assembly 5; the holding bag positioning clamp 4 is of a hollow semi-cylindrical structure; the bearing assembly 5 comprises a top disk 9, a bearing column 10 and a bottom disk 11; the middle part of the top surface of the bottom plate 11 is provided with a bearing cylinder 10, the top of the bearing cylinder 10 is provided with a top plate 9, the diameter of the bottom plate 11 is larger than that of the top plate 9, and the diameter of the top plate 9 is larger than that of the bearing cylinder 10; the bagging locating clip 4 is movably arranged on the bottom plate 11 and is positioned at the side parts of the top plate 9 and the bearing column body 10.
The top of the bagging positioning clamp 4 is provided with a small wedge block 6, and the inclined surface of the small wedge block 6 faces the center of the chassis 11; a spiral spring 8 is arranged between the holding bag locating clamp 4 and the holding column body 10.
An exhaust through hole 19, a firing line through hole 20, a liquid oxygen through hole 21, a liquid oxygen bag exhaust through hole 22 and a liquid nitrogen through hole 23 are arranged in the bearing assembly 5 in the upper fixing assembly. The diameter of the firing line through hole 20 was 2mm, and the diameters of the vent through hole 19, the liquid oxygen through hole 21, the liquid oxygen bag vent through hole 22 and the liquid nitrogen through hole 23 were 10mm.
In a more specific embodiment, the thickness of the bagging locating clamp 4 is 10mm, the height is 30mm, the small wedge block 6 is located at the center of the top surface of the bagging locating clamp 4, the length of the surface, which is in contact with the top surface, of the small wedge block 6 is 15mm, the width of the surface is 8mm, one side, which is close to the outer wall of the bagging locating clamp 4, is protruded, the height of the protrusion is 10mm, the diameter of the spring 8 is 5mm, the initial length is 15mm, one side of the spring 8 is connected to the position, which is 5mm below the center of the inner wall of the bagging locating clamp 4, and the other side of the spring 8 is connected to the carrying assembly 5. Initially, the two bag-in-place holders 4 are tightly attached to the top plate 9, and the two bag-in-place holders 4 are also tightly attached together to form a closed loop.
The chassis 11 is cylindrical, the diameter of the bottom surface is 80mm, the height is 20mm, and a bearing cylinder 10 with the diameter of the bottom surface of 50mm and the height of 20mm is tightly attached to the upper part of the chassis for bearing the spring 8 of the bagging positioning clamp 4. The diameter of the bottom surface of the top disk 9 is 60mm, the height is 10mm, the three structures are tightly attached together, and the circle centers of the bottom surfaces of the three structures are in the same vertical line.
The roll paper 16 comprises a liquid oxygen filling single pipe 14, liquid oxygen filling holes 15, roll paper 16, a fire wire 17 and a fire sheet 18; the lower end of the liquid oxygen charging single tube 14 is provided with a plurality of liquid oxygen charging holes 15, and the lower end of the liquid oxygen charging single tube 14 extends to the inner side of the roll paper 16; the lower extreme of living wire 17 is provided with the piece of living fire 18, and the piece of living fire 18 sets up in stock form 16, and the upper end of living wire 17 extends to ground.
In a more specific embodiment, the roll paper 16 has a diameter of 4cm and a height of 8cm, a through hole is formed in the center, the diameter of the hole is 1cm, the oxygen filling single tube 14 is made of a composite material, the side wall is provided with oxygen filling holes 15, the aperture is 0.5cm, and two oxygen filling holes 15 with the same height are symmetrical with respect to the vertical center line of the oxygen filling single tube 14. The first pair of holes is located at the bottom of the single tube 14, and then 6 pairs of holes are located every 3cm upward. The single fill tube 14 passes upwardly through the through-holes 21 to the orifice, which leaves a portion of the length for connection to the fill manifold 30. The center of the outer side wall of each roll paper 16 is stuck with a fire generating sheet 18, the fire generating sheets 18 are connected together in series by fire generating wires 17, the diameter of each fire generating wire 17 is 2mm, each fire generating wire 17 passes upwards through each fire generating wire 17 to be led to an orifice, and a part of length is reserved for being connected with a lead of a fire generating starting device.
The liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system comprises a liquid nitrogen total tank 26, a liquid nitrogen sub-tank 28, a liquid oxygen total tank 24 and a liquid oxygen sub-tank 27; a gasification booster 25 is respectively arranged between the liquid nitrogen total tank 26 and the liquid nitrogen sub tank 28 and between the liquid oxygen total tank 24 and the liquid oxygen sub tank 27; the outlet end of the liquid nitrogen sub-tank 28 is provided with a liquid-filling nitrogen main pipe 31, and the outlet end of the liquid oxygen sub-tank 27 is provided with a liquid-filling oxygen main pipe 30; valves 29 are respectively arranged on the liquid nitrogen filling main pipe 31 and the liquid oxygen filling main pipe 30; the liquid-filled nitrogen main pipe 31 is communicated with a plurality of liquid-filled nitrogen single pipes 1; the liquid oxygen charging manifold 30 communicates with the plurality of liquid oxygen charging single tubes 14; the liquid nitrogen filling single tube 1 is used for supplying liquid nitrogen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the liquid oxygen filling single tube 14 is used for supplying liquid oxygen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag.
The phase change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen in the embodiment has the following use process:
1. Designing a drilling hole; and determining the range of each broken rock mass according to the geological conditions of the site, and designing the drilling depth, the drilling hole distance, the row distance, the aperture and the blocking length. The parameters are adjusted according to the crushing effect of the field rock mass.
2. Drilling holes; drilling holes using a drilling machine, and numbering the holes. Marking beside the drilled hole, and accurately recording parameters such as drilling depth, aperture, blocking length and the like and geological characteristics.
3. Installing a liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system; firstly, two small wedges 6 at the top of a bagging locating clamp 4 at the bottom are pulled outwards by two hands, so that a spring 8 is deformed, a locating plate 7 moves away from the circle center, then the bottom of a prepared liquid nitrogen bagging is vertically lowered into a gap between the bagging locating clamp 4 and a top disc 9 in a supporting assembly 5, when the liquid nitrogen bagging locating clamp descends by 10mm, the two small wedges 6 are loosened, so that the bagging locating clamp 4 is restored to the state of being tightly attached to the top disc 9, and glue is used for sealing the attached position, so that the tightness of the liquid nitrogen bagging locating clamp is ensured. Then a plurality of roll papers 16 are strung together through a liquid oxygen filling single pipe 14, then a fire piece 18 is attached to the side wall of the roll papers 16 and connected through a fire wire 17, then the single pipe 14 with liquid oxygen filling is vertically and downwards placed into a cylinder space surrounded by a liquid nitrogen carrying bag together with the roll papers 16 until the bottom of the liquid oxygen filling pipe contacts a top disk 9, the top of the roll papers 16 with the highest position is ensured to be lower than the top 10mm of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, then the single liquid nitrogen filling pipe 1, the single pipe 14 with liquid oxygen filling, a liquid nitrogen bag exhaust pipe 2 and the fire wire 17 are penetrated out of corresponding holes in the structure of the top fixing carrying bag, then two small wedges 6 of the carrying bag locating clamp 4 at the top are pulled outwards by two hands, so that the top of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag is clamped into the gap 10mm between the carrying bag locating clamp 4 and the top disk 9, the two small wedges 6 are loosened, the carrying bag locating clamp 4 is restored to the original state closely attached to the top disk 9, and the sealing performance of the cylinder space formed in the middle is ensured. The entire device is then lowered to the bottom of the borehole.
4. Blocking a blast hole; after the liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system is installed, stemming and drilling cuttings are used for blocking the drilling holes, wherein the blocking position is a gap between the liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system in the holes and the orifice. During the blocking process, the protection of the exhaust pipe, the liquid nitrogen filling single pipe 1, the liquid oxygen filling single pipe 14, the exhaust pipe of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and the ignition wire 17 is enhanced.
5. The ground liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system is connected; after the blast hole is blocked, the liquid-filled nitrogen single pipe 1 reserved on the ground is connected to the joint of the liquid-filled nitrogen main pipe 31 of the ground liquid-oxygen liquid nitrogen supply system, so that the joint is air-tight, and the same method is used for connecting the liquid-filled oxygen single pipe 14 reserved on the ground to the joint of the liquid-oxygen main pipe 30 of the ground liquid-oxygen liquid nitrogen supply system, so that the joint is air-tight.
6. Connecting Kong Waisheng a fire starting device; after the ground liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system is connected, the ignition wire 17 is connected with a lead of the ignition starting device, and the joint is connected by an electric adhesive tape to prevent electric leakage.
7. Checking a fire starting device; it is checked whether the individual components in the device are connected without errors and meet the fire conditions.
8. Supplying liquid nitrogen and liquid nitrogen; after the operation is completed, a valve 29 on a liquid nitrogen filling main pipe 31 is opened, a gasification booster 25 is opened, liquid nitrogen in a liquid nitrogen main tank 26 is subjected to phase change at the moment, gas expansion is carried out, and liquid nitrogen in a liquid nitrogen sub-tank 28 is extruded to enable the liquid nitrogen to enter the liquid nitrogen filling main pipe 31 and then enter the liquid nitrogen single pipe 1 continuously, and finally flows into a liquid nitrogen bearing bag. Then, a valve 29 on a liquid oxygen filling main pipe 30 is opened, a gasification booster 25 is opened, liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen main tank 24 is subjected to phase change, gas expansion is carried out, and the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen sub-tank 27 is extruded, so that the liquid oxygen enters the liquid oxygen filling main pipe 30 and then continuously enters the liquid oxygen filling single pipe 14, and finally flows into a cylinder space formed by the upper fixing assembly, the lower fixing assembly and the liquid nitrogen bearing bag. After the liquid filling is completed, the liquid filling nitrogen single pipe 1 and the liquid filling oxygen nitrogen pipe on the ground are cut off, then the valves 29 on the liquid filling liquid nitrogen main pipe 31 and the liquid filling oxygen main pipe 30 are closed, and the gasification pressurizer 25 is closed. And (3) moving the ground liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system to a safe distance.
9. The fire starting device is charged according to the designed safety distance, after the charging is completed, the fire starting device is started after the personnel and the device are confirmed to reach the safety area, the fire starting sheet 18 enables the roll paper 16 to burn, heat is generated, the heat is transferred to surrounding liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, and the phase change expansion of the liquid oxygen and the liquid nitrogen occurs to achieve the effect of breaking rock.
It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in this specification with reference to specific examples, the description of which is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the method of the present invention and its core ideas; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on the combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen is characterized by comprising a liquid nitrogen carrying bag, an upper fixing assembly, a lower fixing assembly, a roll paper structure and a liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system; the liquid nitrogen bearing bag is of a hollow cylindrical structure; the upper fixing component is arranged above the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the lower fixing component is arranged at the bottom of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the roll paper structure is arranged on the inner side of the liquid nitrogen containing bag; the liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system is used for supplying liquid nitrogen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen containing bag and supplying liquid oxygen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen containing bag.
2. The phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein a liquid nitrogen bag annular structure is arranged at the top of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and is used for enabling the liquid nitrogen carrying bag to keep a hollow cylindrical structure; a liquid nitrogen filling single tube and a liquid nitrogen bag exhaust pipe are arranged on the inner side of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the lower end of the liquid nitrogen filling single tube extends to the lower part of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the lower end of the liquid nitrogen bag exhaust pipe extends to the upper part of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag; the upper end of the liquid-filled nitrogen single pipe is communicated with a liquid-filled nitrogen main pipe of the liquid oxygen-supplying liquid nitrogen system.
3. The phase change expansion rock breaking device based on liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen combination according to claim 1, wherein the lower fixing component comprises a bearing bag locating clamp and a bearing combination; the bearing bag positioning clamp is of a hollow semi-cylindrical structure; the bearing assembly comprises a top disc, a bearing cylinder and a bottom disc; the middle part of the top surface of the chassis is provided with the bearing cylinder, the top of the bearing cylinder is provided with the top disc, the diameter of the chassis is larger than that of the top disc, and the diameter of the top disc is larger than that of the bearing cylinder; the holding bag locating clamp is arranged on the bottom plate and is positioned on the side parts of the top plate and the holding column body.
4. The phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen according to claim 3, wherein a small wedge block is arranged at the top of the bagging positioning clamp, and the inclined surface of the small wedge block faces to the center of the chassis; an elastic piece is arranged between the bearing bag positioning clamp and the bearing cylinder.
5. The phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen according to claim 4, wherein the elastic member is a coil spring.
6. The phase change expansion rock breaking device based on liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen combination according to claim 1, wherein the upper fixing component and the lower fixing component have the same structure; and an exhaust through hole, a fire wire through hole, a liquid oxygen bag exhaust through hole and a liquid nitrogen through hole are arranged in the bearing assembly in the upper fixing assembly.
7. The phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein the roll paper structure comprises a single liquid oxygen charging pipe, a single liquid oxygen charging hole, roll paper, a fire wire and a fire initiating piece; the lower end of the liquid oxygen filling single tube is provided with a plurality of liquid oxygen filling holes, and the lower end of the liquid oxygen filling single tube extends to the inner side of the roll paper; the lower extreme of the fire wire is provided with the fire piece, the fire piece set up in the stock form, the upper end of fire wire extends to ground.
8. The phase-change expansion rock breaking device based on combination of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, wherein the liquid oxygen supply liquid nitrogen system comprises a liquid nitrogen total tank, a liquid nitrogen sub-tank, a liquid oxygen total tank and a liquid oxygen sub-tank; a gasification booster is arranged between the liquid nitrogen total tank and the liquid nitrogen sub-tank and between the liquid oxygen total tank and the liquid oxygen sub-tank respectively; the liquid nitrogen main pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the liquid nitrogen sub-tank, and the liquid oxygen main pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the liquid oxygen sub-tank; valves are respectively arranged on the liquid-filled nitrogen main pipe and the liquid-filled oxygen main pipe; the liquid-filled nitrogen main pipe is communicated with a plurality of liquid-filled nitrogen single pipes; the liquid-filled oxygen main pipe is communicated with a plurality of liquid-filled oxygen single pipes; the liquid nitrogen filling single tube is used for supplying liquid nitrogen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag, and the liquid oxygen filling single tube is used for supplying liquid oxygen to the inside of the liquid nitrogen carrying bag.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118209017A (en) * | 2024-05-21 | 2024-06-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Explosion roof cutting pressure relief device based on liquid nitrogen phase change expansion and use method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118209017A (en) * | 2024-05-21 | 2024-06-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Explosion roof cutting pressure relief device based on liquid nitrogen phase change expansion and use method thereof |
| CN118209017B (en) * | 2024-05-21 | 2024-09-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Explosion roof cutting pressure relief device based on liquid nitrogen phase change expansion and use method thereof |
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