CN118048198A - Coal microwave low-temperature chlorine removal system and method - Google Patents

Coal microwave low-temperature chlorine removal system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118048198A
CN118048198A CN202410311973.0A CN202410311973A CN118048198A CN 118048198 A CN118048198 A CN 118048198A CN 202410311973 A CN202410311973 A CN 202410311973A CN 118048198 A CN118048198 A CN 118048198A
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China
Prior art keywords
coal
microwave
chlorine
temperature
reaction kettle
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Pending
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CN202410311973.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高利晶
郑斌
杨晓东
冯来宏
何玲军
孙必福
胡勇
白博文
于赟
王建鹏
焦建军
庞玉龙
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Huaneng Coal Technology Research Co Ltd
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Huaneng Coal Technology Research Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202410311973.0A priority Critical patent/CN118048198A/en
Publication of CN118048198A publication Critical patent/CN118048198A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68Halogens or halogen compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/126Microwaves
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/02Combustion or pyrolysis
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of chlorine removal of high-chlorine coal, in particular to a system and a method for removing chlorine from coal at low temperature by microwave. The system comprises: the device comprises a microwave reaction kettle and a chlorine recovery device, wherein the microwave reaction kettle is used for emitting microwaves to heat coal, and the chlorine recovery device is used for absorbing chloride ions in gas generated by the coal; the method comprises the following steps: transmitting microwaves through a microwave reaction kettle, and heating crushed and screened coal; air is blown into the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle through the gas spray head, gas generated by the coal is introduced into the dechlorination liquid, and chlorine ions in the coal can be converted into HCI gas through chemical reaction due to the fact that moisture in the coal is converted into steam, and then the chlorine ions in the gas are removed through the dechlorination liquid, so that dechlorination of the high-chlorine coal is completed under the condition that clean water resources are not used.

Description

Coal microwave low-temperature chlorine removal system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chlorine removal of high-chlorine coal, in particular to a system and a method for removing chlorine from coal at low temperature by microwave.
Background
High chlorine coal produces HCl corrosion when burned, and thus requires dechlorination treatment prior to combustion. At present, the technology of coal water washing is mainly adopted for dechlorination, namely, clean water is adopted for washing coal to dissolve chlorine-containing substances in water and then chlorine elements are separated. The method has the disadvantages that a large amount of clean water resources are consumed, and the washing wastewater treatment difficulty is high; secondly, in the western arid water-deficient areas, large-scale coal washing and selection are difficult to realize, so how to realize dechlorination of high-chlorine coal under the condition of not using clean water resources becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coal microwave low-temperature dechlorination system and a coal microwave low-temperature dechlorination method, so as to solve the problem of how to realize dechlorination of high-chlorine coal under the condition of not using clean water resources.
The embodiment of the invention provides a coal microwave low-temperature heat chlorine removal system, which comprises: the microwave reaction kettle is used for emitting microwaves to heat coal, and the chlorine recovery device is used for absorbing chloride ions in gas generated by the coal; a cover plate is arranged at the top of the microwave reaction kettle; the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle is provided with a plurality of gas spray heads; the microwave reaction kettle is connected with the chlorine recovery device through a pipeline.
Optionally, the system further comprises: and the gas waste heat recovery system is connected with the chlorine recovery device through a pipeline.
The embodiment of the invention provides a coal microwave low-temperature heat chlorine removal method which is applied to a coal microwave low-temperature heat chlorine removal system, and comprises the following steps of: transmitting microwaves through the microwave reaction kettle, and heating crushed and screened coal; and (3) air is blown into the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle through the gas spray nozzle, and gas generated by the coal is introduced into the chlorine removal liquid.
Optionally, the blowing air into the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle through the gas nozzle includes: air is blown in when the temperature of the coal reaches the target temperature.
Optionally, the microwave heating of the crushed and screened coal by the microwave reaction kettle comprises the following steps: and keeping constant temperature after the temperature of the coal reaches the target temperature.
Optionally, the heating rate of the coal is 40-60 ℃/min, the target temperature is 150-250 ℃, and the constant temperature is kept for 20-40min.
Optionally, the particle size of the coal is 8-13cm.
Optionally, the flow rate of air blown into each ton of coal is 1-2m 3/h.
Optionally, the chlorine removal liquid is alkali liquor.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and (3) carrying out waste heat recovery on the gas after chlorine removal.
Compared with the prior art, the coal microwave low-temperature chlorine removal method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the coal microwave low-temperature chlorine removal method and system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the crushed and screened coal is heated by microwave emitted by the microwave reaction kettle; air is blown into the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle through the gas spray head, so that gas generated by the coal is better discharged, and the gas generated by the coal is introduced into the dechlorination liquid.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal microwave low-temperature chlorine removal system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a coal microwave low-temperature dechlorination method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a specific implementation method of chlorine removal by microwave low-temperature pyrolysis of coal, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Description of the drawings: 1-a microwave reaction kettle; 2-cover plate; 3-gas shower; 4-chlorine recovery device; 5-a gas waste heat recovery system.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a coal microwave low-temperature heat-removal chlorine system, which is shown in a schematic structural diagram of the coal microwave low-temperature heat-removal chlorine system in fig. 1, and comprises the following components: a microwave reaction kettle 1 and a chlorine recovery device 4, wherein the microwave reaction kettle 1 is used for emitting microwaves to heat coal, and the chlorine recovery device 4 is used for absorbing chloride ions in gas generated by the coal; a cover plate 2 is arranged at the top of the microwave reaction kettle 1; the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle 1 is provided with a plurality of gas spray heads 3; the microwave reaction kettle 1 is connected with the chlorine recovery device 4 through a pipeline.
The cover plate 2 is connected to one end of a conduit, and the other end of the conduit is introduced into chlorine removal liquid, so that the microwave reactor 1 and the chlorine recovery device 4 are connected through a pipeline. The lining material of the microwave reaction kettle 1 can be a ceramic material with high temperature resistance and HCI corrosion resistance. For convenient unloading, the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle 1 can be automatically opened and closed.
Optionally, the system further comprises: and the gas waste heat recovery system 5 is connected with the chlorine recovery device 4 through a pipeline.
The embodiment of the invention provides a coal microwave low-temperature heat-removal chlorine method, which is applied to the coal microwave low-temperature heat-removal chlorine system, and is shown in a schematic flow chart of the coal microwave low-temperature heat-removal chlorine method in FIG. 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
s202, transmitting microwaves through the microwave reaction kettle 1, and heating crushed and screened coal.
Optionally, the step of heating the crushed and screened coal by emitting microwaves through the microwave reactor 1 comprises the following steps: and keeping constant temperature after the temperature of the coal reaches the target temperature.
S204, air is blown into the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle 1 through the gas spray head 3, and gas generated by coal is introduced into the dechlorination liquid.
Optionally, the step of blowing air into the bottom of the microwave reactor 1 through the gas nozzle 3 includes: air is blown in when the temperature of the coal reaches the target temperature.
The coal has water, so that the chemical reaction is not affected by the fact that air is not introduced in the heating process, and less HCl gas is generated in the heating process, so that the gas is introduced after the temperature of the coal is kept constant, the problem of low chlorine removal efficiency caused by less HCl gas can be avoided, and the effect of saving resources required by air introduction can be achieved.
Optionally, the heating rate of the coal is 40-60 ℃/min, the target temperature is 150-250 ℃, and the constant temperature is kept for 20-40min.
Since the ignition point of coal is usually 300-700 ℃, the coal is heated in a low temperature environment with a target temperature of 150-250 ℃ to ensure safety.
Optionally, the particle size of the coal is 8-13cm. Therefore, the coal is crushed and screened to the granularity of 8-13cm, so that gas generated by the coal can volatilize in time, and conditions are provided for the gas spray head 3 to blow air at the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle 1, and the condition that the gas spray head 3 is blocked by the coal can not occur.
Optionally, the flow rate of the air blown by each ton of coal is 1-2m 3/h. Thus, a proper amount of air is blown in, and the gas can be timely discharged into the chlorine recovery device 4.
Optionally, the chlorine removal installation is an alkaline solution. Thus, chloride ions in the gas can be fully absorbed into the chlorine removal liquid in time.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and (3) carrying out waste heat recovery on the gas after chlorine removal. Therefore, the residual heat of the gas after chlorine removal is fully utilized, and the energy-saving effect is achieved.
Illustratively, the waste heat recovered by the gas waste heat recovery system 5 is used for factory heating.
According to the system and the method for low-temperature chlorine removal of coal by microwave low temperature provided by the embodiment of the invention, the crushed and screened coal is heated by microwave emitted by the microwave reaction kettle 1; air is blown into the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle 1 through the gas spray head 3, so that gas generated by coal is better discharged, and the gas generated by the coal is introduced into chlorine removal liquid.
The embodiment of the invention provides a concrete implementation method of coal microwave low-temperature pyrolysis dechlorination, which is shown in a schematic flow chart of the concrete implementation method of coal microwave low-temperature pyrolysis dechlorination in fig. 3, and comprises the following steps:
S302, after crushing and screening, the coal is placed in a microwave reaction kettle 1, the microwave reaction kettle 1 emits microwaves to heat the coal, and the coal is kept at a constant temperature after reaching a target temperature.
Wherein, the granularity of the coal is 8-13cm after crushing and screening, and the optimal value is 10cm; the heating rate of the coal is 50 ℃/min; the target temperature is 200 ℃; the constant temperature time is 30min; the lining material of the microwave reaction kettle 1 can be a ceramic material with high temperature resistance and HCI corrosion resistance; in addition, for convenient unloading, the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle 1 can be set to be automatically opened and closed; thus, the microwave reaction kettle 1 can emit microwaves to heat coal, and the coal can be kept at a constant temperature after reaching a target temperature. The chlorine in the coal generates HCI gas, and the water in the coal is gasified to be water vapor.
S304, the gas spray head 3 blows air into the coal in the microwave reaction kettle 1.
Wherein, the flow rate of each ton of coal gas is 1-2m 3/min, alkali liquor can be contained in the chlorine recovery device 4, and the chlorine recovery device can be low-cost lime water for consuming HCI. Thus, the gas nozzle 3 blows air to the coal in the microwave reaction kettle 1, so that HCI gas and water vapor can enter the chlorine recovery device 4; in addition, the gas in the microwave reaction kettle 1 is still high-temperature air after alkali liquor, and enters a gas waste heat recovery system 5 to recover waste heat for plant heat supply.
The coal microwave low-temperature dechlorination method provided by the embodiment of the invention does not consume water in the whole process, and can be suitable for large-scale coal dechlorination in arid water-deficient areas. Meanwhile, the waste water treatment problem is avoided, and the waste heat is recovered, so that the high-efficiency, environment-friendly and energy-saving effects are realized.
Of course, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that implementing all or part of the above-described methods in the embodiments may be implemented by a computer level to instruct a control device, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program may include the above-described methods in the embodiments when executed, where the storage medium may be a memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A coal microwave low temperature thermal dechlorination system, characterized in that the system comprises:
The microwave reaction kettle is used for emitting microwaves to heat coal, and the chlorine recovery device is used for absorbing chloride ions in gas generated by the coal;
a cover plate is arranged at the top of the microwave reaction kettle; the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle is provided with a plurality of gas spray heads; the microwave reaction kettle is connected with the chlorine recovery device through a pipeline.
2. The coal microwave low temperature thermal dechlorination system of claim 1, further comprising:
And the gas waste heat recovery system is connected with the chlorine recovery device through a pipeline.
3. The method for removing chlorine from coal by microwave low-temperature heat is characterized by being applied to the coal microwave low-temperature heat chlorine removing system, and comprises the following steps of:
transmitting microwaves through the microwave reaction kettle, and heating crushed and screened coal;
And (3) air is blown into the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle through the gas spray nozzle, and gas generated by the coal is introduced into the chlorine removal liquid.
4. The method for low-temperature chlorine removal of coal under microwave heat according to claim 3, wherein the blowing air into the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle through the gas nozzle comprises:
Air is blown in when the temperature of the coal reaches the target temperature.
5. The method for low-temperature chlorine removal of coal by microwave heating according to claim 4, wherein said heating of crushed and screened coal by microwave radiation from said microwave reactor comprises:
and keeping constant temperature after the temperature of the coal reaches the target temperature.
6. The method for low-temperature chlorine removal of coal by microwave heating according to claim 5, wherein the heating rate of coal is 40-60 ℃/min, the target temperature is 150-250 ℃, and the constant temperature is maintained for 20-40min.
7. The method for low-temperature chlorine removal of coal under microwave temperature according to claim 3, wherein the granularity of the coal is 8-13cm.
8. A coal microwave low temperature dechlorination method as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the flow rate of air blown into the coal per ton is 1-2m 3/h.
9. The method for removing chlorine from coal under microwave low temperature according to claim 3, wherein the chlorine removal solution is alkali solution.
10. The coal microwave low temperature dechlorination method of claim 3, further comprising: and (3) carrying out waste heat recovery on the gas after chlorine removal.
CN202410311973.0A 2024-03-19 2024-03-19 Coal microwave low-temperature chlorine removal system and method Pending CN118048198A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005342631A (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-15 Univ Nagoya Method and device for treating scrap wood
RU2010145918A (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-05-20 Федеральное агентство по образованию Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Новосибирск METHOD OF MICROWAVE-GRADIENT ACTIVATION OF COAL FUEL
CN102876885A (en) * 2012-09-28 2013-01-16 昆明理工大学 Method for comprehensively recycling chlorine containing materials by means of water vapor activation and microwave roasting
CN107880970A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-04-06 华北电力大学(保定) A kind of microwave radiation formula low-temperature pyrolysis of coal demercuration system and application method
CN207405133U (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-05-25 济宁学院 Sulphur coal microwave desulfurization processing unit

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005342631A (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-15 Univ Nagoya Method and device for treating scrap wood
RU2010145918A (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-05-20 Федеральное агентство по образованию Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Новосибирск METHOD OF MICROWAVE-GRADIENT ACTIVATION OF COAL FUEL
CN102876885A (en) * 2012-09-28 2013-01-16 昆明理工大学 Method for comprehensively recycling chlorine containing materials by means of water vapor activation and microwave roasting
CN107880970A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-04-06 华北电力大学(保定) A kind of microwave radiation formula low-temperature pyrolysis of coal demercuration system and application method
CN207405133U (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-05-25 济宁学院 Sulphur coal microwave desulfurization processing unit

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贵永亮等著: "《高炉喷煤理论与关键技术研究》", vol. 1, 30 June 2016, 北京:冶金工业出版社, pages: 53 - 55 *

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