CN118043086A - 用于饮用水系统的消毒系统 - Google Patents

用于饮用水系统的消毒系统 Download PDF

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CN118043086A
CN118043086A CN202280048919.0A CN202280048919A CN118043086A CN 118043086 A CN118043086 A CN 118043086A CN 202280048919 A CN202280048919 A CN 202280048919A CN 118043086 A CN118043086 A CN 118043086A
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fluid pathway
water
solution
sanitizing
restrictor
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凯文·拉尔夫·莫尔特
加里·克里斯托弗·诺布尔
海登·大卫·斯科特
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Zp Heater Australia Private Ltd
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Zp Heater Australia Private Ltd
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Abstract

本文公开了一种用于对饮用水分配组件(104)中的流体通路(102)进行消毒的系统(100)，该系统(100)包括：水供应源，该水供应源用于在压力下递送通过该流体通路(102)；以及消毒溶液，该消毒溶液用于经由限流器(126)分配到该流体通路(102)中，其中该限流器(126)被配置为调节递送到该流体通路(120)的该溶液的流速，以促进该水和该溶液在该流体通路(102)内混合至有效消毒浓度。

Description

用于饮用水系统的消毒系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于对饮用水分配组件中的流体通路进行消毒的系统。本发明主要是为了与冷却饮用水分配器一起使用而开发，并且将在下文中参考该应用进行描述。
背景技术
已知的冷却水分配器通常包括流体通路，该流体通路将已过滤水输送到水冷却箱，然后在水冷却箱中将已过滤水分配到用于饮用的出口。
已知的冷却水分配器的缺点在于，容纳在流体通路内的水易受常见水生细菌和机会病原体(例如军团杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌)渗透和污染的影响。被军团杆菌细菌或病原体污染的水可扩散到城市水系统诸如住宅或商业管道系统和水箱中，并且随后被供给到冷却水分配器的流体通路中。水可另选地通过在水出口喷管处的反向污染而被污染。常规冷却水分配器内的过滤系统可能不能充分地过滤出所有细菌或病原体。
被细菌或病原体污染的水对具有弱免疫系统的人或具有呼吸疾病的患者特别有害，可能引起死亡。例如，当人吸入含有军团杆菌细菌的小水滴时(例如来自淋浴头，或者在饮用从冷却水分配器分配的水时)，可发生军团杆菌暴露。
用于冷却水分配器的已知消毒系统是复杂的，不是用户友好的，并且不能充分地减少或消除流体通路内的细菌或机会病原体增殖。
发明内容
本发明的目的是基本上克服或至少改善以上缺点中的一个或多个缺点。
本文公开了一种用于对饮用水分配组件中的流体通路进行消毒的系统，该系统包括：
水供应源，该水供应源用于在压力下递送通过该流体通路；以及
消毒溶液，该消毒溶液用于经由限流器分配到该流体通路中，
其中该限流器被配置为调节递送到该流体通路的该溶液的流速，
以促进该水和该溶液在该流体通路内混合至有效消毒浓度。
优选地，该限流器是压力补偿限流器。
优选地，该消毒溶液的流速维持处于0.2L/min至0.3L/min之间的速率。
优选地，该有效消毒浓度介于10ppm(mg/L)至25ppm之间。
优选地，该有效消毒浓度在该流体通路内维持达停留时段。
优选地，该停留时段为8分钟或更久。
优选地，该消毒溶液储存在可消耗气溶胶罐中。
优选地，储存在该罐中的该消毒溶液的浓度介于200mg/l至220mg/l之间。
优选地，该罐包括加压至800kPa至1000kPa之间的惰性气体。
优选地，将该惰性气体加压至900kPa。
优选地，该消毒溶液包括次氯酸。
优选地，该系统还包括用于将通过该流体通路的该水供应源的流速调节至2.0L/min至3.0L/min之间的第二限流器。
本文还公开了一种对饮用水分配组件中的流体通路进行消毒的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
经由限流器将消毒溶液分配到该流体通路中；
将水递送通过该流体通路；以及
通过该限流器调节分配到该流体通路中的该溶液的流速，以促进该水和该溶液在该流体通路内混合至有效消毒浓度。
优选地，该方法还包括将该有效消毒浓度在该流体通路内维持达停留时段的步骤。
优选地，该方法还包括用水清空和清洁该流体通路的步骤。
优选地，该消毒溶液的流速维持处于0.2L/min至0.3L/min之间的速率。
优选地，该有效消毒浓度介于10ppm(mg/L)至25ppm之间。
优选地，该有效消毒浓度在该流体通路内维持达停留时段。
优选地，该停留时段为8分钟或更久。
优选地，该消毒溶液从可消耗气溶胶容器分配。
附图说明
现在将参考所附附图和描述仅以举例的方式来描述本公开的示例性实施方案，在附图中：
图1是根据第一实施方案的用于对饮用水分配组件中的流体通路进行消毒的系统的示意图；
图2是根据第二实施方案的用于对饮用水分配组件中的流体通路进行消毒的系统的示意图；
图3是图1或图2的系统的适配器和罐的前视图；
图4是沿图3的线A-A截取的竖直截面前视图；
图5是图3的适配器和罐的阴影部分透视图；并且
图6是示出用于使用图1或图2的系统对饮用水分配组件进行消毒的过程的步骤的流程图。
具体实施方式
首先参考附图中的图1，示意性地描绘了根据第一实施方案的用于对饮用水分配组件104中的流体通路102进行消毒的系统100。
在所描绘的实施方案中，分配组件104配置为用于分配冷却水、环境水或加热水的水分配器。组件104具有彼此流体连接以限定流体通路102的一系列部件。部件可包括具有限压阀(PLV)108和多口阀110的阀组件106、具有滤头歧管114的过滤组件112、储水箱116、致冷构件118、泵120和分配管122。
阀组件106包括用于在压力下通常从主水供应源接收水供应源的入口124。入口124处的压力由PLV 108调节以确保流体通路102内的压力不超过500kPa。来自入口124的水经由多口阀输送到滤头歧管114，该多口阀优选地是五通阀110。可从滤头歧管114可拆卸地移除的是过滤单元(未示出)，该过滤单元用于净化从入口124供应的水。
离开过滤单元的净化水通过滤头歧管114输送回来，并经由五通阀110返回到阀组件106。从这里，净化水从五通阀110向下游输送到第一压力补偿节流器或限流器126，该第一压力补偿节流器或限流器被配置为在100kPa-500kPa之间的可变静压力下维持通过流体通路102的净化水的恒定流速。通过阀组件106到箱116的水流是由多个螺线管致动阀127控制的或调节的。优选地，净化水的恒定流速在2.0L/min至3.0L/min之间。在许多家用或商用净化饮用水系统中，流速维持处于大约2.5L/min。
限流器126的下游是用于经由箱入口128接收净化水的储水箱116。致冷构件118位于储水箱116内，并且呈在使用期间浸入储水箱116中的水中的致冷蒸发器盘管130的形式。致冷构件118由致冷电源(未示出)供电，并且适于在启动时冷却储水箱116中的水。
箱出口132将冷却的净化水从储水箱116输送到泵120。泵120被配置为经由分配管122将净化水分配到水龙头(未示出)。
系统100包括用于分配到流体通路102中的消毒溶液。在所描绘的实施方案中，消毒溶液容纳在可消耗的阀上袋气溶胶罐134内，该可消耗的阀上袋气溶胶罐被配置为可移除地附接到滤头歧管114以代替过滤单元。在使用期间，罐134在压力下经由第二压力补偿限流器适配器136(图4)将消毒溶液分配到滤头歧管114，该第二压力补偿限流器适配器被配置为维持进入流体通路102中的消毒溶液的恒定流速。优选地，消毒溶液的流速在0.2L/min至0.3L/min之间。在许多家用或商用净化饮用水系统中，消毒溶液流速维持处于大约0.25L/min，以促进水和消毒溶液在流体通路102内混合至有效消毒分配。有效消毒分配是消毒溶液在水中的分配，在该分配下，在预定停留时间之后流体通路102内的水生细菌或机会病原体繁殖减少或消除。优选地，在预定停留时间期间，水和消毒溶液的混合浓度维持在10ppm(mg/L)至25ppm之间，优选地12ppm-15ppm。优选地，停留时间为8分钟。
在优选形式中，气溶胶罐134具有200mL的浓度体积，含有为200mg/L-220mg/L的阳极液浓度和加压至800kPa-1500kPa之间、优选地1100kPa的惰性气体(诸如氮气)。在一种形式中，将惰性气体加压至800kPa-1000kPa之间，优选地900kPa。优选地，阳极液的主要活性成分为次氯酸，该次氯酸用于提供无毒且环境安全的消毒溶液。
系统100还可包括智能固件协议(未示出)，该智能固件协议用于引导用户完成消毒过程，包括指令、过程流和最终停留时间、冲洗和清洁。固件可在自动产品调试阶段或在稍后服务维护时段可用。
附图的图2中描绘了根据第二实施方案的系统200。系统200具有与第一实施方案的系统100相同的配置，不同点在于，将消毒溶液引入到流体通路102中发生在系统200中的阀组件106的入口124的上游。以这种方式，系统200具备二级滤头歧管238，气溶胶罐134在使用期间经由适配器136可移除地附接到该二级滤头歧管。歧管238被配置为直接接收消毒溶液被分配到其中的主水供应源。混合浓度的水和消毒溶液离开歧管238，随后经由入口124输送到阀组件106。在系统200的使用期间，插塞239插入到歧管114中以代替过滤单元。
因此，系统200的与系统100相同的其余特征将不再进一步描述，并且在图2中具备相同附图标号。
产品安装时的消毒过程
参考图6，现在将描述用于在使用系统100首次使用之前(即在安装时)对饮用水分配组件104的流体通路进行消毒的过程300。
最初，在过滤单元已经被安装和冲洗来活化碳并清除任何碳微粒之后，系统100被配置为自动清空储水箱116，为消毒过程300做准备。
然后提示用户移除过滤单元，将适配器136插入到滤头歧管114中，并且随后将气溶胶罐134附接到适配器136。在附接在罐134和适配器136之间时，气溶胶阀137(图4)被压下，消毒溶液进入流体通路102，直到系统100中的所有压力均衡。
然后，消毒过程300通过在智能固件协议的用户界面上的确认来开始。螺线管致动阀127被通电并且水流过流体通路102，在适配器136中发生浓度混合。水/次氯酸混合通过流体通路102维持在10ppm至25ppm之间，优选地在12ppm至15ppm之间，与所有湿润的表面区域接触最少8分钟(即，停留时段)。在该停留时段之后，过程300被配置为清空系统100的水/次氯酸混合物并且用干净饮用水更新系统100，从而将进入系统100的体积中的其余次氯酸完全耗尽并且用干净饮用水在内部冲洗适配器136、气溶胶阀137和滤头歧管114。
过程300中的最终步骤包括移除气溶胶罐134和适配器136、彻底冲洗部件以及在进一步强制系统冲洗之前替换过滤单元以准备正常使用。
定期维护周期的消毒过程
用于以定期维护周期(即在现场/在家/在办公室)对饮用水分配组件104进行消毒的过程400类似于安装时消毒过程，不同点在于，将消毒溶液引入到流体通路102中发生在过程400的阀组件106的入口124的上游，即，过程400利用系统200。这确保整个流体通路102已被消毒，因为与分配组件104刚刚组装之后相比，分配组件104的先前使用可具有更高水平的细菌增殖和可能的光生物膜。
上述过程300的步骤同样优选地在智能固件协议的指导下对过程400执行。
如果需要更高水平的消毒，则可考虑重复过程或更长停留时间，使用可变的选定停留时间设置。
实验测试已经证明系统100、200在消毒饮用水分配组件104的流体通路102方面的有效性，这归功于消毒溶液在整个流体通路102中的均匀分配。使用方便的气溶胶罐134的消毒过程300、400的简易性实现简单且相对干净的用户体验。系统100、200还可为不熟练的产品所有者提供容易地消毒其产品的机会。阳极液还可通过有机认证以让担心消毒溶液或化学品的使用者安心使用。
尽管本文示出和描述了本发明的具体实施方案，但是本领域普通技术人员应当理解，存在多种另选和/或等效具体实施。应当理解，一个或多个示例性实施方案仅是示例，并且不旨在以任何方式限制范围、适用性或构造。相反，前述概述和详细描述将向本领域技术人员提供用于实现至少一个示例性实施方案的方便的路线图，应当理解，可在示例性实施方案中描述的元件的功能和布置中进行各种改变，而不脱离在所附权利要求及其合法等效物中阐述的范围。一般来讲，本申请旨在覆盖本文所讨论的具体实施方案的任何修改或变化。
还应当理解，在本文档中，术语“包括”、“包含”、“含有”、“具有”以及它们的任何变型旨在以包括性(即，非排他性)意义来理解，使得本文描述的过程、方法、装置、设备或系统不限于所列举的那些特征或部件或元件或步骤，而是可包括未明确列出的或此类过程、方法、制品或设备所固有的其他元件、特征、部件或步骤。此外，除非另有明确说明，否则本文所用的术语“一个”和“一种”应当理解为一个(种)或多个(种)。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用作标记，并且不旨在对它们的对象的重要性强加数字要求或建立它们的对象的重要性的特定分级。
附图标号列表
100根据第一实施方案的系统
102 流体通路
104 饮用水分配组件
106 阀组件
108限压阀(PLV)
110 五通阀
112 过滤组件
114 滤头歧管
116 储水箱
118 致冷构件
120 泵
122 分配管
124 阀组件的入口
126 第一压力补偿限流器
127 螺线管致动阀
128 箱入口
130 致冷蒸发器盘管
132 箱出口
134 气溶胶罐
136第二压力补偿限流器适配器
137气溶胶阀
200根据第二实施方案的系统
238 二级滤头歧管
239 插塞
300使用根据第一实施方案的系统的过程
400使用根据第二实施方案的系统的过程

Claims (20)

1.一种用于对饮用水分配组件中的流体通路进行消毒的系统，所述系统包括：
水供应源，所述水供应源用于在压力下递送通过所述流体通路；以及
消毒溶液，所述消毒溶液用于经由限流器分配到所述流体通路中，其中所述限流器被配置为调节递送到所述流体通路的所述溶液的流速，以促进所述水和所述溶液在所述流体通路内混合至有效消毒浓度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述限流器是压力补偿限流器。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述消毒溶液的所述流速维持处于0.2L/min至0.3L/min之间的速率。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的系统，其中所述有效消毒浓度介于10ppm(mg/L)至25ppm之间。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的系统，其中所述有效消毒浓度在所述流体通路内维持达停留时段。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中所述停留时段为8分钟或更久。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的系统，其中所述消毒溶液储存在可消耗气溶胶罐中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的系统，其中储存在所述罐中的所述消毒溶液的浓度介于200mg/l至220mg/l之间。
9.根据权利要求7或权利要求8所述的系统，其中所述罐包括加压至800kPa至1000kPa之间的惰性气体。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中所述惰性气体被加压至900kPa。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的系统，其中所述消毒溶液包括次氯酸。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的系统，还包括：第二限流器，所述第二限流器用于将通过所述流体通路的所述水供应源的所述流速调节至2.0L/min至3.0L/min之间。
13.一种对饮用水分配组件中的流体通路进行消毒的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
经由限流器将消毒溶液分配到所述流体通路中；
将水递送通过所述流体通路；以及
通过所述限流器调节分配到所述流体通路中的所述溶液的流速，以促进所述水和所述溶液在所述流体通路内混合至有效消毒浓度。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，还包括将所述有效消毒浓度在所述流体通路内维持达停留时段的步骤。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，还包括用水清空和清洁所述流体通路的步骤。
16.根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的方法，其中所述消毒溶液的所述流速维持处于0.2L/min至0.3L/min之间的速率。
17.根据权利要求13至16中任一项所述的方法，其中所述有效消毒浓度介于10ppm(mg/L)至25ppm之间。
18.根据权利要求13至17中任一项所述的方法，其中所述有效消毒浓度在所述流体通路内维持达停留时段。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法，其中所述停留时段为8分钟或更久。
20.根据权利要求13至19中任一项所述的方法，其中所述消毒溶液从可消耗气溶胶容器分配。
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