CN118042007A - Lightweight protocol system of satellite mobile communication system - Google Patents
Lightweight protocol system of satellite mobile communication system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/03—Protocol definition or specification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/18—Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/323—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the physical layer [OSI layer 1]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system, which comprises a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer and an application layer; the application modes of the physical layer include a normal mode, an emergency mode, a maneuver mode, a burst mode, and an intermittent mode; the link layer comprises a multimode adaptive link layer protocol set; the network layer comprises a control plane function and a user plane function; the control surface function comprises circuit domain service access control, packet domain service access control, integrated authentication and space mobility management; the user plane functions include route switching and media gateway; the communication application scene supported by the application layer comprises telephone, fax, cluster, short message, video feedback, instant communication and data acquisition. And the two communication parties select the application mode of the physical layer according to the communication application scene, and carry out self-adaptive matching on the link layer protocol. The invention simplifies the required communication protocol content and realizes the light weight of the protocol system on the premise of meeting the communication requirements of diversified application scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite mobile communication, and particularly relates to a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system.
Background
Compared with the ground mobile communication system, the satellite mobile communication system has the remarkable advantages of wide coverage range and no limitation of terrain conditions, and plays an irreplaceable role in serving users in air, offshore, desert, mountain and remote and unmanned areas. In order to meet the application requirements of large-scale and miniaturized mobile user terminals (such as handheld, portable, vehicle-mounted, airborne and the like) and adapt to complex application scenes such as maneuvering, low power consumption, burst, emergency lifesaving and the like, satellite mobile communication systems often customize physical layer technical systems in various modes and diversified link layer and network layer protocols so as to realize the differentiated access and reliable transmission. The design of the chimney-type multi-layer protocol leads to prolonged processing of the satellite communication system, large channel overhead and complex redundancy of the protocol system, severely restricts the high-efficiency realization of the system function performance, and particularly has more obvious influence on the low-frequency band narrow-band mobile satellite communication system with extremely precious bandwidth resources. In order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need to develop a lightweight protocol architecture design of a satellite mobile communication system adapted to diversified application scenarios, so as to support and construct an expandable, efficient and on-demand light satellite mobile communication system in an intensive and efficient manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system, wherein the protocol system comprises a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer and an application layer; aiming at the differentiated communication requirements of different application scenes, a plurality of physical layer application modes such as routine, emergency, maneuvering, burst, intermittent and the like are designed; a unified link layer protocol set is designed aiming at various application modes, and two communication parties select a physical layer application mode according to application scenes, and link layer protocols are adaptively matched. The invention has the advantages that: designing a plurality of physical layer technical systems such as routine, emergency, maneuvering, burst, intermittent and the like, and supporting differentiated access under complex scenes of a plurality of types of users; on the premise of meeting the communication requirements of diversified application scenes, the required communication protocol content is simplified, and the light weight of a protocol system is realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention discloses a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system, which comprises a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer and an application layer;
The application modes of the physical layer comprise a conventional mode, an emergency mode, a maneuvering mode, a burst mode and an intermittent mode, and are used for meeting the differentiated communication requirements of different communication application scenes;
The link layer comprises a multimode adaptive link layer protocol set; the multimode self-adaptive link layer protocol set comprises a paging control protocol, a cell management protocol, a position identification protocol, a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a switching control protocol, an ultra-short message protocol, a packet standby protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol;
The two parties of ground and satellite communication select the application mode of the physical layer according to the communication application scene, and carry out self-adaptive matching on the link layer protocol, thereby realizing the light weight of a protocol system;
the network layer comprises a control plane and a user plane, and is used for realizing the functions of user network entry and exit, authentication and authorization, mobility management, user data route forwarding and multimedia service rate conversion;
the communication application scene supported by the application layer comprises telephone, fax, cluster, short message, video feedback, instant communication and data acquisition.
As an alternative implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, the regular mode is used to provide communication services with a plurality of different data rates for users; the communication service comprises voice, medium-high speed data, clusters and short messages;
The maneuvering mode realizes frequency synchronization by using a pseudo code capturing method based on fast Fourier transform and is used for providing reliable communication guarantee for a moving platform in a high-speed moving and maneuvering state;
The emergency mode is used for automatically alarming outwards and periodically sending positioning information under the condition that a user is in danger of losing the incident;
the burst mode and the intermittent mode for providing high sensitivity communication guarantees for applications capable of communicating only in one or more extremely short time periods;
the communication in the burst mode has time aperiodicity, and the communication in the gap mode has time periodicity;
the emergency mode, the burst mode and the intermittent mode adopt high-sensitivity physical frames for data transmission, so that the terminal receives satellite signals with high sensitivity.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, the maneuvering mode realizes frequency synchronization by using a pseudo code capturing method based on fast fourier transform, and includes:
S1, processing a received signal and a local signal by using a correlation function calculation model to obtain a correlation function of the received signal and the local signal;
The correlation function calculation model is as follows:
wherein the correlation function of the received signal and the local signal is R (τ), the received signal is x (s+τ), the local signal is y (S), τ is the time delay, s=1, 2.
S2, carrying out Fourier transform on the correlation function of the received signal and the local signal to obtain a Fourier transform DFT { R (tau) } =X (k) Y * (k) of the correlation function, wherein X (k) is a frequency spectrum obtained after the Fourier transform of the received signal X (s+tau), Y * (k) is a conjugate function of a frequency spectrum Y (k) obtained after the Fourier transform of the local signal Y (S), and k is a kth frequency spectrum obtained after the Fourier transform;
S3, performing inverse Fourier transform on X (k) Y * (k) to obtain a correlation function R (tau) of the received signal and the local signal;
S4, judging whether a correlation function R (tau) of the received signal and the local signal is larger than a preset capture threshold;
If the judgment result is yes, the pseudo code capturing is completed, and the frequency synchronization is realized;
if the judgment result is negative, the frequency of the local signal is adjusted, and S1-S4 are executed until the pseudo code is captured, so that the frequency synchronization is realized.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, in the conventional mode, the physical layer divides the communication frequency band into N sub-bands with the same bandwidth, each sub-band is divided into M sub-carriers with the same bandwidth, and each sub-carrier includes T time slots;
the relation among the N sub-bands with the same bandwidth, the M sub-carriers with the same bandwidth and the T time slots is as follows:
B＝N·B1＝N·M·B2
Wherein B is a communication band bandwidth, B 1 is a sub-band bandwidth, and B 2 is a sub-carrier bandwidth;
The physical layer is used for providing different data rates by allocating different numbers of time slots to the communication service in the conventional mode;
The allocated time slots are located in the same subcarrier or in different subcarriers of the same subband; when the data rate requirement is greater than the upper limit of the data rate which can be provided by a single sub-band, the data transmission is performed by adopting a sub-band combining mode.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, the location identification protocol, the packet standby protocol, the resource management protocol and the link control protocol in the multimode adaptive link layer protocol set are optimally designed according to the characteristics of the satellite mobile communication system;
The position identification protocol aims at the problems that the coverage area of a satellite wave beam is large, the power change of downlink broadcast signals of the wave beam edge and a central point is not obvious, a terminal only depends on measuring the strength of the downlink broadcast signals to select an access wave beam, and the possibility that a user accesses a far wave beam exists;
The grouping standby protocol sets a standby period and an activation period of the terminal according to the characteristics of multi-user sharing and discontinuous transceiving of a grouping channel, and aims at the conditions of multiple terminals, low information rate, nonuniform service, battery power supply of the terminal and the like of the satellite mobile communication system, and the grouping standby protocol only carries out transceiving on grouping data in the activation period so as to reduce the power consumption of the terminal;
The resource management protocol aims at the characteristics of large satellite beam coverage, discrete distribution of user geographical positions and the like, if only the delay of a terminal receiving-transmitting change-over switch and the round trip delay of a current terminal to a gateway station are considered, the uplink time slot allocation of each discrete user is discontinuous, the maximum round trip delay of a beam level is introduced for the reason, uplink and downlink channels are allocated for the users, and the users in discrete distribution can use continuous time slots;
the link control protocol combines the channel request message and the link establishment request message in the four-way handshake link establishment mechanism in a ground mobile communication protocol system aiming at the problem of large satellite-to-ground delay, and reduces the information interaction between the user terminal and the gateway station for one round.
In an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the determining, by using a location assistance mechanism, whether a user terminal of a satellite mobile communication system is a malicious user includes:
the position identification protocol utilizes a position auxiliary mechanism to report the position information of the user terminal in the random access message of the satellite mobile communication system user terminal;
The satellite mobile communication system judges whether the user terminal exists in the behavior of repeatedly sending the random access message at the same position according to the position information, if so, the satellite mobile communication system counts the repeated sending times;
And when the repeated sending times are larger than a preset threshold value, judging that the user is a malicious user.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the resource management protocol uses a channel dynamic sharing mechanism to implement frame synchronization during a star-to-earth round trip delay, including:
the resource management protocol utilizes a channel dynamic sharing mechanism, and after the user terminal generates service data, the transmission requirement of the service data is sent to the gateway station;
the gateway station allocates shared channel resources for the user terminal according to the resource use condition of the mobile communication satellite;
and the user terminal dispatches the response time delay according to the uplink resources of each wave beam broadcast by the satellite mobile communication system, and sends service data after waiting for the response time delay, thereby realizing the frame synchronization of satellite-ground round trip time delay.
In an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the selecting, by the two parties of communication, an application mode of the physical layer according to an application scenario, performing adaptive matching on the link layer protocol includes:
The two communication parties select the conventional mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a paging control protocol, a cell management protocol, a position identification protocol, a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a packet standby protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol;
The two communication parties select the emergency mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a mode selection protocol, a channel mapping protocol and an ultra-short message protocol;
The two communication parties select the maneuvering mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a switching control protocol and a link control protocol;
And the two communication parties select the burst mode and the intermittent mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocols comprise a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The system is designed into a plurality of physical layer technical systems such as routine, emergency, maneuvering, burst, intermittent and the like, and differential access under complex scenes of a plurality of users such as individuals, vehicles, airplanes and the like is realized through carrier aggregation, rapid frequency synchronization, high-sensitivity synchronous signals and the like;
(2) The method adopts a protocol system integrating ground mobile communication and satellite communication innovatively, designs optimization of various spatial characteristic protocols such as a position identification protocol, a grouping standby protocol, a resource management protocol, a link control protocol and the like, unifies the protocol system under various application modes on the premise of meeting the communication requirements of various application scenes, simplifies the required communication protocol content, and realizes the lightweight design of the protocol.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures are used for distinguishing between different objects and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to the list of steps or elements but may, in the alternative, include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
The invention discloses a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system, which comprises a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer and an application layer; the application modes of the physical layer include a normal mode, an emergency mode, a maneuver mode, a burst mode, and an intermittent mode; the link layer comprises a multimode adaptive link layer protocol set; the network layer comprises a control plane function and a user plane function; the control surface function comprises circuit domain service access control, packet domain service access control, integrated authentication and space mobility management; the user plane functions include route switching and media gateway; the communication application scene supported by the application layer comprises telephone, fax, cluster, short message, video feedback, instant communication and data acquisition. And the two communication parties select the application mode of the physical layer according to the communication application scene, and carry out self-adaptive matching on the link layer protocol. The invention simplifies the required communication protocol content and realizes the light weight of the protocol system on the premise of meeting the communication requirements of diversified application scenes. The following will describe in detail.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The lightweight protocol system of the satellite mobile communication system described in fig. 1 is applied to the technical field of satellite communication, for example, performing differentiated access under a complex scene of a user, which is not limited by the embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the lightweight protocol system of the satellite mobile communication system includes a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer and an application layer;
The application modes of the physical layer comprise a conventional mode, an emergency mode, a maneuvering mode, a burst mode and an intermittent mode, and are used for meeting the differentiated communication requirements of different communication application scenes;
The link layer comprises a multimode adaptive link layer protocol set; the multimode self-adaptive link layer protocol set comprises a paging control protocol, a cell management protocol, a position identification protocol, a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a switching control protocol, an ultra-short message protocol, a packet standby protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol;
the paging control protocol describes the discontinuous receiving and paging message scheduling processes of the terminal under different physical layer application modes;
the cell management protocol describes the satellite spot beam coverage change situation along with satellite movement, and the satellite spot beam parameter configuration, beam establishment, beam release and other processes;
the position identification protocol describes the initial access stage of the terminal, the network estimates the position of the user and cooperates with the terminal to carry out the wave beam selection process;
The mode selection protocol describes different types of data packet transmission modes, including an acknowledged retransmission mode, a unacknowledged mode, a transparent mode and the like;
the resource management protocol describes the dynamic allocation process of the network to the wireless resources such as the special control channel, the service channel and the like according to the requirement;
the channel mapping protocol describes logical channel to physical channel mapping procedures in normal mode, emergency mode, maneuver mode, burst mode, and intermittent mode;
the switching control protocol describes the switching control process of the high-dynamic user among satellite spot beams, among satellites and among gateway stations;
the ultra-short message protocol describes burst short message format and message transmission process;
the packet standby protocol describes a packet standby state conversion process and a signaling interaction process;
the resource scheduling protocol describes the dynamic scheduling process of the network on the packet sharing channel according to the need;
The link control protocol defines the processes of link layer frame segmentation, recombination, retransmission and the like;
the two communication parties select the application mode of the physical layer according to the communication application scene, and carry out self-adaptive matching on the link layer protocol, so as to realize the light weight of a protocol system;
the network layer comprises a control plane and a user plane, and is used for realizing the functions of user network entry and exit, authentication and authorization, mobility management, user data route forwarding and multimedia service rate conversion;
The control surface function comprises circuit domain service access control, packet domain service access control, integrated authentication and space mobility management; the circuit domain business access control means that a network layer processes business access requests of user telephones, circuit data and the like, checks whether a current circuit domain channel resource pool meets business service quality requirements, and distributes circuit domain channels meeting the business service quality for users; packet domain service access control means that a network layer processes service access requests such as user packet data and the like, checks whether a current packet domain channel resource pool meets the service quality requirement, and distributes packet domain channels meeting the service quality for users; the integrated authentication refers to adopting a unified network authentication architecture for terminals in different communication modes, and selecting a proper authentication algorithm according to the communication modes to realize the network entry and exit of the terminals in different modes; the space mobility management mainly refers to the functions of position management in a user idle state, switching control in a non-high dynamic user communication state, beam position area management and the like;
The user plane functions include route switching and media gateway; the route exchange mainly refers to addressing and forwarding user service data in the satellite mobile communication network according to a network layer address or forwarding the user service data to other data networks; the media gateway mainly converts the encoding and decoding rates of voice, video, fax and other services;
the communication application scene supported by the application layer comprises telephone, fax, cluster, short message, video feedback, instant communication and data acquisition.
The application layer accesses the network layer data forwarding and media conversion functions through a user interface provided by the network layer; the network layer realizes the signaling receiving and transmitting of the network layer through different communication mode frame transmission interfaces provided by the link layer; the network layer realizes the configuration of the wireless resource, the link transmission mode, the communication mode and the like of the link layer through a control interface provided by the link layer; the network layer configures channel parameters, communication modes and the like of the physical layer through a control interface provided by the physical layer; the link layer realizes the receiving and transmitting of the link frame through the channel transmission interface provided by the physical layer.
The satellite mobile communication system consists of mobile communication satellites, gateway stations and user terminals.
Application scenarios include, but are not limited to, individuals, vehicles, aircraft.
Optionally, the regular mode is used for providing communication services with a plurality of different data rates for users; the communication service comprises voice, medium-high speed data, clusters and short messages, and meets the high-capacity satellite mobile communication requirement of common users;
The maneuvering mode realizes frequency synchronization by using a pseudo code capturing method based on fast Fourier transform and is used for providing reliable communication guarantee for a moving platform in a high-speed moving and maneuvering state;
the emergency mode is used for automatically alarming outwards and periodically sending positioning information under the condition that a user is in danger of losing the incident;
the burst mode and the intermittent mode are used to provide high sensitivity communication guarantees for applications that can only communicate in one or more extremely short periods of time;
the communication in the burst mode has time aperiodicity, and the communication in the gap mode has time periodicity;
The emergency mode, the burst mode and the intermittent mode adopt high-sensitivity synchronous signals for digital transmission; the channel frame of the high-sensitivity synchronous signal consists of a header, a data information block and a tail; the data information block is composed of a unique code, pilot frequency and data information.
The emergency mode, the burst mode and the intermittent mode adopt high-sensitivity physical frames to carry out data transmission, so that the terminal receives satellite signals with high sensitivity; the high sensitivity physical frames are constructed in a staggered pattern of "payload-pilot-payload-pilot … …", wherein the pilot is generated based on a pseudo-random sequence.
Optionally, the maneuvering mode realizes frequency synchronization by using a pseudo code capturing method based on fast fourier transform, and includes:
S1, processing a received signal and a local signal by using a correlation function calculation model to obtain a correlation function of the received signal and the local signal;
The correlation function calculation model is as follows:
wherein the correlation function of the received signal and the local signal is R (τ), the received signal is x (s+τ), the local signal is y (S), τ is the time delay, s=1, 2.
S2, carrying out Fourier transform on the correlation function of the received signal and the local signal to obtain a Fourier transform DFT { R (tau) } =X (k) Y * (k) of the correlation function, wherein X (k) is a frequency spectrum obtained after the Fourier transform of the received signal X (s+tau), Y * (k) is a conjugate function of a frequency spectrum Y (k) obtained after the Fourier transform of the local signal Y (S), and k is a kth frequency spectrum obtained after the Fourier transform;
S3, performing inverse Fourier transform on X (k) Y * (k) to obtain a correlation function R (tau) of the received signal and the local signal;
S4, judging whether a correlation function R (tau) of the received signal and the local signal is larger than a preset capture threshold, if so, completing pseudo code capture and realizing frequency synchronization; otherwise, the local signal frequency is adjusted, S1-S4 are executed until pseudo code capturing is completed, and frequency synchronization is achieved.
Optionally, in the normal mode, the physical layer divides the communication frequency band into N sub-bands with the same bandwidth, each sub-band is divided into M sub-carriers with the same bandwidth, and each sub-carrier contains T time slots;
the relation among the N sub-bands with the same bandwidth, the M sub-carriers with the same bandwidth and the T time slots is as follows:
B＝N·B1＝N·M·B2
Wherein B is a communication band bandwidth, B 1 is a sub-band bandwidth, and B 2 is a sub-carrier bandwidth;
The physical layer provides different data rates by allocating different numbers of time slots to communication traffic in a regular mode;
The assigned time slots can be located in the same subcarrier or in different subcarriers of the same subband; when the data rate requirement is greater than the upper limit of the data rate which can be provided by a single sub-band, the data transmission is performed by adopting a sub-band combining mode.
The sub-band combining means combining a plurality of consecutive sub-bands into one wideband channel.
Optionally, the location identification protocol, the packet standby protocol, the resource management protocol and the link control protocol in the multimode self-adaptive link layer protocol set are optimally designed according to the characteristics of the satellite mobile communication system;
The position identification protocol aims at the problems that the coverage area of a satellite wave beam is large, the power change of downlink broadcast signals of the wave beam edge and a central point is not obvious, a terminal only depends on measuring the strength of the downlink broadcast signals to select an access wave beam, and the possibility that a user accesses a far wave beam exists;
The grouping standby protocol sets a standby period and an activation period of the terminal according to the characteristics of multi-user sharing and discontinuous transceiving of a grouping channel, and aims at the conditions of multiple terminals, low information rate, nonuniform service, battery power supply of the terminal and the like of the satellite mobile communication system, and the grouping standby protocol only carries out transceiving on grouping data in the activation period so as to reduce the power consumption of the terminal;
The resource management protocol aims at the characteristics of large satellite beam coverage, discrete distribution of user geographical positions and the like, if only the delay of a terminal receiving-transmitting change-over switch and the round trip delay of a current terminal to a gateway station are considered, the uplink time slot allocation of each discrete user is discontinuous, the maximum round trip delay of a beam level is introduced for the reason, uplink and downlink channels are allocated for the users, and the users in discrete distribution can use continuous time slots;
the link control protocol combines the channel request message and the link establishment request message in the four-way handshake link establishment mechanism in a ground mobile communication protocol system aiming at the problem of large satellite-to-ground delay, and reduces the information interaction between the user terminal and the gateway station for one round.
Optionally, the determining, by the location identification protocol using a location assistance mechanism, whether the satellite mobile communication system user terminal is a malicious user includes:
S5, the position recognition protocol utilizes a position auxiliary mechanism to report the position information of the user terminal in the random access message of the satellite mobile communication system user terminal;
S6, the satellite mobile communication system judges whether the user terminal is in the same position to repeatedly send the random access message according to the position information, and if the repeated sending times are larger than a preset threshold value, the user is judged to be a malicious user.
Optionally, the resource management protocol uses a channel dynamic sharing mechanism to implement frame synchronization under the satellite-to-ground round trip delay, including:
S7, the resource management protocol utilizes a channel dynamic sharing mechanism, and after the user terminal generates service data, the transmission requirement of the service data is sent to the gateway station;
s8, the gateway station allocates shared channel resources for the user terminal according to the resource use condition of the mobile communication satellite;
And S9, the user terminal dispatches response time delay according to each beam uplink resource broadcasted by the satellite mobile communication system, and sends service data after waiting for the response time delay, so that frame synchronization under the satellite-ground round trip time delay is realized.
Optionally, the two communication parties select an application mode of the physical layer according to an application scene, perform adaptive matching on the link layer protocol, and implement light weight of a protocol system, including:
the two communication parties select the conventional mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a paging control protocol, a cell management protocol, a position identification protocol, a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a packet standby protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol, so that the weight reduction of a protocol system is realized;
the two communication parties select the emergency mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a channel mapping protocol and an ultra-short message protocol, so that the weight of a protocol system is reduced;
The two communication parties select the maneuvering mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a switching control protocol and a link control protocol, so that the weight reduction of a protocol system is realized;
The two communication parties select the burst mode and the intermittent mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol, so that the weight reduction of a protocol system is realized.
Therefore, the invention designs a plurality of physical layer technical systems such as routine, emergency, maneuvering, burst, intermittent and the like, and realizes the differentiated access of a plurality of users such as individuals, vehicles, airplanes and the like under complex scenes by carrier aggregation, rapid frequency synchronization, high-sensitivity synchronous signals and the like; the invention innovatively adopts a protocol system integrating ground mobile communication and satellite communication, designs various spatial characteristic protocol optimizations such as a position identification protocol, a grouping standby protocol, a resource management protocol, a link control protocol and the like, unifies the protocol system under various application modes on the premise of meeting the communication requirements of various application scenes, simplifies the required communication protocol content and realizes the lightweight design of the protocol.
Example two
In this embodiment, a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system is composed of a mobile communication satellite, a gateway station and a user terminal, where the protocol system includes a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer and an application layer; the physical layer at least comprises a conventional mode, an emergency mode, a maneuvering mode, a burst mode and an intermittent mode aiming at the differentiated communication requirements of different application scenes; the link layer comprises a unified protocol set formed by a paging control protocol, a cell management protocol, a position identification protocol, a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a switching control protocol, an ultra-short message protocol, a packet standby protocol, a resource scheduling protocol, a link control protocol and the like, and the two communication parties select a physical layer application mode according to an application scene, and the link layer protocol is adaptively matched, so that the weight of a protocol system is reduced; the network layer comprises 4 control surface functions of circuit domain service access control, packet domain service access control, integrated authentication and space mobility management, and 2 user surface functions of route switching and media gateway; the application layer supports a variety of communication applications including telephony, fax, trunking, short messaging, video backhaul, instant messaging, and data acquisition.
The conventional mode mainly meets the high-capacity satellite mobile communication requirement of common users in the ordinary environment, and provides communication services with various different data rates including voice, medium-high speed data, clusters and short messages for the users;
in the conventional mode, the physical layer divides the communication frequency band into N sub-bands with the same bandwidth, each sub-band is further divided into M sub-carriers with the same bandwidth, each sub-carrier comprises T time slots, the communication frequency band bandwidth is denoted as B, the sub-band bandwidth is denoted as B 1, the sub-carrier bandwidth is denoted as B 2, and b=n·b 1＝N·M·B2; the physical layer provides different data rates by allocating different numbers of time slots to the communication service in the conventional mode, wherein the allocated time slots can be positioned in the same subcarrier or in different subcarriers of the same subband, and the data transmission can be carried out in a subband combining mode when the data rate requirement is greater than the upper limit of the data rate which can be provided by a single subband;
the maneuvering mode mainly provides reliable communication guarantee for a moving platform in a high-speed movement and maneuvering state;
The maneuvering mode adopts a pseudo code capturing method based on fast Fourier transform to realize frequency synchronization:
Defining the adopted sequences of the received signal and the local signal as x (s+τ) and y (S), respectively, wherein τ is a time delay, s=1, 2,..s is a serial number of samples, and S is the number of samples;
By multiplying the received signal and the applied sequence of the local signal in the frequency domain, a fourier transform of the correlation function R (tau) of the two is obtained,
DFT{R(τ)}＝X(k)Y*(k)
Wherein X (k) is a frequency spectrum obtained after Fourier transform of a signal X (s+τ), Y * (k) is a conjugate function of a frequency spectrum Y (k) obtained after Fourier transform of a signal Y(s), and k represents a kth frequency spectrum obtained after Fourier transform; performing inverse Fourier transform on DFT { R (tau) } to obtain a correlation function R (tau) of x (s+tau) and y(s), then judging whether the maximum value of the correlation function is greater than a capture threshold, if so, completing pseudo code capture, otherwise, adjusting the frequency of a local signal, and repeating all the operations until the pseudo code capture is completed;
The emergency mode is mainly used for automatically alarming and periodically sending positioning information to the outside under the condition that a user is in danger and goes out of work;
Burst mode and intermittent mode mainly provide high sensitivity communication guarantees for applications that can only communicate in one or more very short time periods; wherein communication in the burst mode has a time aperiodicity, and communication in the gap mode has a time periodicity;
The emergency mode, the burst mode and the intermittent mode all adopt high-sensitivity synchronous signals for data transmission, and a channel frame of the high-sensitivity synchronous signals consists of a header, a data information block and a tail, wherein the data information block consists of a unique code, a pilot frequency code and data information.
The multi-mode self-adaptive link layer protocol centralized position identification protocol, the grouping standby protocol, the resource management protocol and the link control protocol are optimally designed according to the characteristics of the satellite mobile communication system;
The position recognition protocol utilizes a position auxiliary mechanism to report the position information of a user terminal in a random access message of the user terminal of the satellite mobile communication system, the satellite mobile communication system judges whether the user terminal exists in the same position or not according to the position information and repeatedly transmits the random access message, if the repeated transmission times are greater than a threshold value, the user is judged to be a malicious user, the access request of the user terminal is refused, and the channel resource is prevented from being maliciously occupied;
The packet standby protocol utilizes a discontinuous receiving mechanism to set the standby period and the activation time of the user terminal, and realizes discontinuous receiving of data information in the activation time, so that the power consumption of the user terminal is reduced;
The resource management protocol utilizes a channel dynamic sharing mechanism, after the user terminal generates service data, the transmission requirement of the service data is sent to the gateway station, the gateway station distributes shared channel resources to the user terminal according to the resource use condition of the mobile communication satellite, the user terminal dispatches response time delay according to each beam uplink resource broadcasted by the satellite mobile communication system, and after waiting for the response time delay, the service data is sent, so that the frame synchronization under satellite-to-ground round trip time delay is realized;
The link control protocol combines the channel request message and the link establishment request message in the four-way handshake link establishment mechanism in the ground mobile communication protocol system, and reduces the information interaction between the round user terminal and the gateway station.
The two communication parties select a physical layer application mode according to the application scene, and the link layer protocol is adaptively matched, so that the weight of a protocol system is reduced;
The link layer protocols used by the conventional mode include paging control protocol, cell management protocol, location identification protocol, mode selection protocol, resource management protocol, channel mapping protocol, packet standby protocol, resource scheduling protocol and link control protocol;
the link layer protocol used in the emergency mode comprises a channel mapping protocol and an ultra-short message protocol;
the link layer protocols used by the maneuver mode include mode selection protocol, resource management protocol, channel mapping protocol, handover control protocol and link control protocol;
Link layer protocols used in burst mode and intermittent mode include a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a resource scheduling protocol, and a link control protocol.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, in which the modules illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical, i.e., may be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above detailed description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course by means of hardware. Based on such understanding, the foregoing technical solutions may be embodied essentially or in part in the form of a software product that may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium including Read-Only Memory (ROM), random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM), erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM), one-time programmable Read-Only Memory (OTPROM), electrically erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), compact disc Read-Only Memory (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM) or other optical disc Memory, magnetic disc Memory, tape Memory, or any other medium that can be used for computer-readable carrying or storing data.
Finally, it should be noted that: the disclosure of a lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system in the embodiment of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention, but not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that; the technical scheme recorded in the various embodiments can be modified or part of technical features in the technical scheme can be replaced equivalently; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (8)
1. The lightweight protocol system of the satellite mobile communication system is characterized by comprising a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer and an application layer;
The application modes of the physical layer comprise a conventional mode, an emergency mode, a maneuvering mode, a burst mode and an intermittent mode, and are used for meeting the differentiated communication requirements of different communication application scenes;
The link layer comprises a multimode adaptive link layer protocol set; the multimode self-adaptive link layer protocol set comprises a paging control protocol, a cell management protocol, a position identification protocol, a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a switching control protocol, an ultra-short message protocol, a packet standby protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol;
The two parties of ground and satellite communication select the application mode of the physical layer according to the communication application scene, and carry out self-adaptive matching on the link layer protocol, thereby realizing the light weight of a protocol system;
the network layer comprises a control plane and a user plane, and is used for realizing the functions of user network entry and exit, authentication and authorization, mobility management, user data route forwarding and multimedia service rate conversion;
the communication application scene supported by the application layer comprises telephone, fax, cluster, short message, video feedback, instant communication and data acquisition.
2. The satellite mobile communications system lightweight protocol system according to claim 1, wherein the regular mode is used to provide users with a plurality of different data rate communications services; the communication service comprises voice, medium-high speed data, clusters and short messages;
The maneuvering mode realizes frequency synchronization by using a pseudo code capturing method based on fast Fourier transform and is used for providing reliable communication guarantee for a moving platform in a high-speed moving and maneuvering state;
The emergency mode is used for automatically alarming outwards and periodically sending positioning information under the condition that a user is in danger of losing the incident;
the burst mode and the intermittent mode for providing high sensitivity communication guarantees for applications capable of communicating only in one or more extremely short time periods;
the communication in the burst mode has time aperiodicity, and the communication in the gap mode has time periodicity;
the emergency mode, the burst mode and the intermittent mode adopt high-sensitivity physical frames for data transmission, so that the terminal receives satellite signals with high sensitivity.
3. The satellite mobile communication system lightweight protocol system according to claim 1, wherein the maneuver mode utilizes a fast fourier transform based pseudo code acquisition method to achieve frequency synchronization, comprising:
S1, processing a received signal and a local signal by using a correlation function calculation model to obtain a correlation function of the received signal and the local signal;
The correlation function calculation model is as follows:
wherein the correlation function of the received signal and the local signal is R (τ), the received signal is x (s+τ), the local signal is y (S), τ is the time delay, s=1, 2.
S2, carrying out Fourier transform on the correlation function of the received signal and the local signal to obtain a Fourier transform DFT { R (tau) } =X (k) Y * (k) of the correlation function, wherein X (k) is a frequency spectrum obtained after the Fourier transform of the received signal X (s+tau), Y * (k) is a conjugate function of a frequency spectrum Y (k) obtained after the Fourier transform of the local signal Y (S), and k is a kth frequency spectrum obtained after the Fourier transform;
S3, performing inverse Fourier transform on X (k) Y * (k) to obtain a correlation function R (tau) of the received signal and the local signal;
S4, judging whether a correlation function R (tau) of the received signal and the local signal is larger than a preset capture threshold;
If the judgment result is yes, the pseudo code capturing is completed, and the frequency synchronization is realized;
if the judgment result is negative, the frequency of the local signal is adjusted, and S1-S4 are executed until the pseudo code is captured, so that the frequency synchronization is realized.
4. The lightweight protocol system for a satellite mobile communication system according to claim 1, wherein in the normal mode, the physical layer divides the communication frequency band into N sub-bands with the same bandwidth, each sub-band is divided into M sub-carriers with the same bandwidth, and each sub-carrier contains T time slots;
the relation among the N sub-bands with the same bandwidth, the M sub-carriers with the same bandwidth and the T time slots is as follows:
B＝N·B1＝N·M·B2
Wherein B is a communication band bandwidth, B 1 is a sub-band bandwidth, and B 2 is a sub-carrier bandwidth;
The physical layer is used for providing different data rates by allocating different numbers of time slots to the communication service in the conventional mode;
The allocated time slots are located in the same subcarrier or in different subcarriers of the same subband; when the data rate requirement is greater than the upper limit of the data rate which can be provided by a single sub-band, the data transmission is performed by adopting a sub-band combining mode.
5. The lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system according to claim 1, wherein the location identification protocol, the packet standby protocol, the resource management protocol and the link control protocol in the multimode adaptive link layer protocol set are optimally designed according to the characteristics of the satellite mobile communication system;
The position identification protocol aims at the problems that the coverage area of a satellite wave beam is large, the power change of downlink broadcast signals of the wave beam edge and a central point is not obvious, a terminal only depends on measuring the strength of the downlink broadcast signals to select an access wave beam, and the possibility that a user accesses a far wave beam exists;
The grouping standby protocol sets a standby period and an activation period of the terminal according to the characteristics of multi-user sharing and discontinuous transceiving of a grouping channel, and aims at the conditions of multiple terminals, low information rate, nonuniform service, battery power supply of the terminal and the like of the satellite mobile communication system, and the grouping standby protocol only carries out transceiving on grouping data in the activation period so as to reduce the power consumption of the terminal;
The resource management protocol aims at the characteristics of large satellite beam coverage, discrete distribution of user geographical positions and the like, if only the delay of a terminal receiving-transmitting change-over switch and the round trip delay of a current terminal to a gateway station are considered, the uplink time slot allocation of each discrete user is discontinuous, the maximum round trip delay of a beam level is introduced for the reason, uplink and downlink channels are allocated for the users, and the users in discrete distribution can use continuous time slots;
the link control protocol combines the channel request message and the link establishment request message in the four-way handshake link establishment mechanism in a ground mobile communication protocol system aiming at the problem of large satellite-to-ground delay, and reduces the information interaction between the user terminal and the gateway station for one round.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the position identification protocol determines whether the satellite mobile communication system user terminal is a malicious user by using a position assistance mechanism, comprising:
the position identification protocol utilizes a position auxiliary mechanism to report the position information of the user terminal in the random access message of the satellite mobile communication system user terminal;
The satellite mobile communication system judges whether the user terminal exists in the behavior of repeatedly sending the random access message at the same position according to the position information, if so, the satellite mobile communication system counts the repeated sending times;
And when the repeated sending times are larger than a preset threshold value, judging that the user is a malicious user.
7. The lightweight protocol system for satellite mobile communication system according to claim 5, wherein the resource management protocol implements frame synchronization at a satellite-to-ground round trip delay using a channel dynamic sharing mechanism, comprising:
the resource management protocol utilizes a channel dynamic sharing mechanism, and after the user terminal generates service data, the transmission requirement of the service data is sent to the gateway station;
the gateway station allocates shared channel resources for the user terminal according to the resource use condition of the mobile communication satellite;
and the user terminal dispatches the response time delay according to the uplink resources of each wave beam broadcast by the satellite mobile communication system, and sends service data after waiting for the response time delay, thereby realizing the frame synchronization of satellite-ground round trip time delay.
8. The lightweight protocol system of a satellite mobile communication system according to claim 1, wherein the two communication parties select an application mode of the physical layer according to an application scenario, and perform adaptive matching on the link layer protocol, and the method comprises:
The two communication parties select the conventional mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a paging control protocol, a cell management protocol, a position identification protocol, a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a packet standby protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol;
The two communication parties select the emergency mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a mode selection protocol, a channel mapping protocol and an ultra-short message protocol;
The two communication parties select the maneuvering mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocol comprises a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a switching control protocol and a link control protocol;
And the two communication parties select the burst mode and the intermittent mode of the physical layer according to the application scene, and the used link layer protocols comprise a mode selection protocol, a resource management protocol, a channel mapping protocol, a resource scheduling protocol and a link control protocol.
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