CN118040792A - Power system frequency secondary drop control method for recovering rotating speed based on exponential function - Google Patents
Power system frequency secondary drop control method for recovering rotating speed based on exponential function Download PDFInfo
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- CN118040792A CN118040792A CN202410202127.5A CN202410202127A CN118040792A CN 118040792 A CN118040792 A CN 118040792A CN 202410202127 A CN202410202127 A CN 202410202127A CN 118040792 A CN118040792 A CN 118040792A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power system frequency secondary drop control method for recovering rotation speed based on an exponential function, which comprises the following steps: when a disturbance occurs in the power system, obtaining frequency deviation delta f and frequency change rate df/dt, and input power P 0 and rotating speed omega r of a fan; judging whether the system frequency is stable or not, and if the system frequency is not met, enabling the fan to participate in system frequency modulation by adopting virtual inertia control; judging whether the rotating speed of the fan reaches the lower limit or not, and entering a rotating speed recovery stage; adopting a target power recovery curve based on an exponential function to reduce the secondary influence on the frequency of the power grid until the rotating speed is recovered; and after the rotating speed is recovered, the MPPT mode is adopted to control the output power of the unit. On one hand, the invention can quickly reduce the system power so as to avoid overdrawing of the kinetic energy of the rotor; on the other hand, the stable recovery of the speed can be ensured, the torque influence is reduced, the secondary drop of the system frequency is restrained, the technical support is provided for the research of the frequency stability of a large-scale complex network, and the power-assisted power grid is safe and stable to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power system frequency stability analysis, relates to a frequency secondary drop control technology, and particularly relates to a power system frequency secondary drop control method for recovering rotation speed based on an exponential function.
Background
With the renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation and the like gradually replacing the conventional synchronous machine set for power generation, the regional power grid inertia level is continuously reduced. The doubly-fed wind turbine changes the output power of the wind turbine generator set after disturbance occurs through virtual inertial control, and when the system frequency is reduced, the wind turbine releases the kinetic energy of the rotor to support short-time power. And when the rotating speed of the generator is reduced to the lower limit of the speed along with the gradual release of the kinetic energy of the rotor, the wind turbine unit exits primary frequency modulation and resumes MPPT control to recover the rotating speed, and at the moment, the electromagnetic torque is greatly reduced to cause the sudden reduction of the active power output so as to cause the secondary drop of the system frequency. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a study of wind power inertia secondary drop control technology. The frequency is an important index reflecting the stability of the system, and aiming at the problem of secondary drop of the frequency, an efficient and reliable control strategy is still lacking in the current research process.
Therefore, a new solution is needed to solve this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the power system frequency secondary drop control method for recovering the rotating speed based on the exponential function is provided.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a power system frequency secondary drop control method for recovering the rotating speed based on an exponential function, which comprises the following steps:
S1: when a disturbance occurs in the power system, obtaining frequency deviation delta f and frequency change rate df/dt, and input power P 0 and rotating speed omega r of a fan;
s2: judging whether the system frequency is stable or not, if the system meets the requirement of safe and stable operation of the power grid, the fan operates in a maximum power tracking (MPPT) mode, and if the system does not meet the requirement, the fan adopts virtual inertia control to participate in system frequency modulation;
s3: judging whether the rotating speed of the fan reaches a lower limit, and if the rotating speed reaches a minimum value, entering a rotating speed recovery stage of the step S4;
s4: adopting a target power recovery curve based on an exponential function to reduce the secondary influence on the frequency of the power grid until the rotating speed is recovered;
S5: and after the rotating speed is recovered, the MPPT mode is adopted to control the output power of the unit.
Further, in the step S2, the method for controlling the frequency modulation of the participating system by using the virtual inertia for the wind turbine includes:
the output power of the doubly-fed fan when virtual inertia control is adopted is as follows:
Wherein, K p and K d are corresponding frequency modulation parameters, and DeltaP W is the output power of the fan;
The reference value P ref of the active power at this time satisfies:
Pref=PMPPT-ΔPW。
Further, frequency modulation parameters K p and K d are determined from the frequency deviation Δf and the frequency change rate df/dt.
Further, in the step S4, a rotational speed recovery method based on an exponential function progressive approach is adopted to perform rotational speed recovery, which is specifically expressed as follows:
the power reference values during recovery are as follows:
Pref=P0-(P0-PMPPT)(1-e-kt)
in the formula, P 0 is the active time t1 before the end of inertia response, P ref is the power target value in the rotational speed recovery stage, k is the adjustment coefficient, t is the time, and the recovery starting time t=0. The wind speed has fluctuation, the wind turbine generator power or rotation speed can be restored to the initial position without being determined, and the restoration time is difficult to predict, and can be characterized by infinite time. From the above equation, when t approaches infinity, P ref=PMPPT is implemented to track the target power. k and t have the same position characteristics, the magnitude of the k value influences the curvature of the P ref curve, and the larger the k value is, the faster P ref approaches to P MPPT, namely the more similar to the conventional control is; the smaller the k value is, the slower the speed of P ref towards P MPPT is, the smaller the mechanical shafting impact is, the lower the corresponding recovery point rotating speed is, and the larger the wind speed disturbance influence risk is, so that the k value is not excessively small, and the value range is considered as follows.
Further, the determination of the range of values of the adjustment coefficient k in the power reference value formula during recovery includes an energy constraint and a target power constraint.
Further, the energy constraint is expressed as follows:
From the above equation, it can be seen that, under the influence of the bivariate of C p and the wind speed v, it is actually difficult to obtain the k value range, and in order to obtain universality, it can be considered that the wind speed becomes the extreme scene below the cut-in wind speed (considered that the mechanical power input is 0), and the above equation can be simplified as follows:
further, the target power constraint is expressed as follows:
|Pref-PMPPT|≤ε|P0-PMPPT|
where ε is the error rate and may be 2% during the course of the study.
Combining the expressions of the energy constraint and the target power constraint and performing approximate simplification, the k value range can be obtained:
Further, the target recovery power P ref in step S5 satisfies:
In the method, in the process of the invention,
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention provides a control technology for restraining secondary drop of frequency for rotating speed recovery based on an exponential function, and adopts a rotating speed recovery method of gradually approaching the exponential function, so that on one hand, the system power is rapidly reduced to avoid overdrawing of the kinetic energy of a rotor; on the other hand, the stable recovery of the speed can be ensured, the torque influence is reduced, the secondary drop of the system frequency is restrained, the technical support is provided for the research of the frequency stability of a large-scale complex network, and the power-assisted power grid is safe and stable to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing active power curves of fans;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing speed curves of fans;
fig. 4 is a graph comparing the frequency change curves of the power grid.
Detailed Description
The present application is further illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed description which are to be understood as being merely illustrative of the application and not limiting of its scope, and various modifications of the application, which are equivalent to those skilled in the art upon reading the application, will fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a power system frequency secondary drop control method for recovering rotation speed based on an exponential function, which comprises the following steps:
S1: when a disturbance occurs in the power system, obtaining frequency deviation delta f and frequency change rate df/dt, and input power P 0 and rotating speed omega r of a fan;
S2: judging whether the system frequency is stable, if the system meets the requirement of safe and stable operation of the power grid, the fan operates in a maximum power tracking (MPPT) mode, and if the system frequency is not met, the fan adopts virtual inertia control to participate in system frequency modulation:
The method for controlling the frequency modulation of the participating system by adopting the virtual inertia of the fan comprises the following steps:
frequency modulation parameters K p and K d are determined according to the frequency deviation Deltaf and the frequency change rate df/dt; in the embodiment, by combining typical cases of the SFR model and taking K p=20,Kd =20, a satisfactory simulation result can be obtained;
the output power of the doubly-fed fan when virtual inertia control is adopted is as follows:
Wherein, K p and K d are corresponding frequency modulation parameters, and DeltaP W is the output power of the fan;
The reference value P ref of the active power at this time satisfies:
Pref=PMPPT-ΔPW
s3: judging whether the rotating speed of the fan reaches a lower limit, and if the rotating speed reaches a minimum value, entering a rotating speed recovery stage of the step S4;
S4: and adopting a target power recovery curve based on an exponential function to reduce the secondary influence on the power grid frequency until the rotating speed is recovered:
the rotational speed recovery is carried out by adopting a rotational speed recovery method based on the gradual approach of an exponential function, and the method is specifically expressed as follows:
the power reference values during recovery are as follows:
Pref=P0-(P0-PMPPT)(1-e-kt)
In the formula, P 0 is the active time t 1 before the inertia response is finished, P ref is the power target value in the rotational speed recovery stage, k is the adjustment coefficient, t is the time, and the recovery starting time t=0. The wind speed has fluctuation, the wind turbine generator power or rotation speed can be restored to the initial position without being determined, and the restoration time is difficult to predict, and can be characterized by infinite time. From the above equation, when t approaches infinity, P ref=PMPPT is implemented to track the target power. k and t have the same position characteristics, the magnitude of the k value influences the curvature of the P ref curve, and the larger the k value is, the faster P ref approaches to P MPPT, namely the more similar to the conventional control is; the smaller the k value is, the slower the speed of P ref towards P MPPT is, the smaller the mechanical shafting impact is, the lower the corresponding recovery point rotating speed is, and the larger the wind speed disturbance influence risk is, so that the k value is not too small, and the value range is considered as follows;
The determination of the value range of the adjustment coefficient k in the power reference value formula during recovery comprises energy constraint and target power constraint;
The energy constraint is expressed as follows:
From the above equation, it can be seen that, under the influence of the bivariate of C p and the wind speed v, it is actually difficult to obtain the k value range, and in order to obtain universality, it can be considered that the wind speed becomes the extreme scene below the cut-in wind speed (considered that the mechanical power input is 0), and the above equation can be simplified as follows:
The target power constraint is expressed as follows:
|Pref-PMPPT|≤ε|P0-PMPPT|
Where ε is the error rate, this example is taken to be 2%.
Combining the expressions of the energy constraint and the target power constraint and performing approximate simplification, the k value range can be obtained:
S5: after the rotation speed is recovered, the MPPT mode is adopted to control the output power of the unit, and the target recovery power P ref meets the following conditions:
In the method, in the process of the invention,
The invention provides a control technology for restraining frequency secondary drop of rotating speed recovery based on an exponential function, which adopts a rotating speed recovery method of gradually approaching the exponential function, on one hand, the system power is rapidly reduced so as to avoid overdrawing of rotor kinetic energy; on the other hand, the stable recovery of the speed can be ensured, the torque influence is reduced, the secondary drop of the system frequency is restrained, the technical support is provided for the research of the frequency stability of a large-scale complex network, and the power-assisted power grid is safe and stable to operate.
In order to verify the actual effect of the present invention, a simulation experiment is performed in this embodiment, and the simulation result is specifically as follows:
As shown in fig. 2, it can be seen that the output power of the fan is rapidly reduced after the system adopts an improved strategy, and the fan tends to be stable after a certain time, so that overdrawing of the kinetic energy of the rotor is avoided;
as shown in fig. 3, the system adopts an improved strategy to ensure that the recovery of the rotating speed of the fan is more stable, the torque influence is reduced, and the system has a better inhibition effect on the secondary drop of the system frequency;
as shown in fig. 4, it can be seen that after the improved strategy is adopted, the power grid frequency basically does not have obvious secondary drop phenomenon after the primary drop, the secondary drop of the system frequency is restrained, and the power grid is assisted to run safely and stably.
The embodiment also provides a power system frequency secondary drop control system for recovering the rotating speed based on an exponential function, which comprises a network interface, a memory and a processor; the network interface is used for receiving and transmitting signals in the process of receiving and transmitting information with other external network elements; a memory storing computer program instructions executable on the processor; and a processor for executing the steps of the consensus method as described above when executing the computer program instructions.
The present embodiment also provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described above. The computer-readable medium may be considered tangible and non-transitory. Non-limiting examples of non-transitory tangible computer readable media include non-volatile memory circuits (e.g., flash memory circuits, erasable programmable read-only memory circuits, or masked read-only memory circuits), volatile memory circuits (e.g., static random access memory circuits or dynamic random access memory circuits), magnetic storage media (e.g., analog or digital magnetic tape or hard disk drives), and optical storage media (e.g., CDs, DVDs, or blu-ray discs), among others. The computer program includes processor-executable instructions stored on at least one non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium. The computer program may also include or be dependent on stored data. The computer programs may include a basic input/output system (BIOS) that interacts with the hardware of the special purpose computer, device drivers that interact with particular devices of the special purpose computer, one or more operating systems, user applications, background services, background applications, and so forth.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Claims (9)
1. The power system frequency secondary drop control method for recovering the rotating speed based on the exponential function is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1: when a disturbance occurs in the power system, obtaining frequency deviation delta f and frequency change rate df/dt, and input power P 0 and rotating speed omega r of a fan;
s2: judging whether the system frequency is stable or not, if the system meets the requirement of safe and stable operation of the power grid, the fan operates in a maximum power tracking (MPPT) mode, and if the system does not meet the requirement, the fan adopts virtual inertia control to participate in system frequency modulation;
s3: judging whether the rotating speed of the fan reaches a lower limit, and if the rotating speed reaches a minimum value, entering a rotating speed recovery stage of the step S4;
s4: adopting a target power recovery curve based on an exponential function to reduce the secondary influence on the frequency of the power grid until the rotating speed is recovered;
S5: and after the rotating speed is recovered, the MPPT mode is adopted to control the output power of the unit.
2. The method for controlling the frequency secondary drop of the power system for recovering the rotational speed based on the exponential function according to claim 1, wherein the method for controlling the frequency modulation of the participating system by using the virtual inertia in the step S2 is as follows:
the output power of the doubly-fed fan when virtual inertia control is adopted is as follows:
Wherein, K p and K d are corresponding frequency modulation parameters, and DeltaP W is the output power of the fan;
The reference value P ref of the active power at this time satisfies:
Pref=PMPPT-ΔPW。
3. the method for controlling the frequency secondary drop of the electric power system for recovering the rotational speed based on the exponential function according to claim 2, wherein the frequency modulation parameters K p and K d are determined according to the frequency deviation Δf and the frequency change rate df/dt.
4. The method for controlling the frequency secondary drop of the electric power system for recovering the rotational speed based on the exponential function according to claim 2, wherein the rotational speed recovery is performed by adopting a rotational speed recovery method based on the gradual approach of the exponential function in the step S4, specifically expressed as follows:
the power reference values during recovery are as follows:
Pref=P0-(P0-PMPPT)(1-e-kt)
in the formula, P 0 is the active time t1 before the end of inertia response, P ref is the power target value in the rotational speed recovery stage, k is the adjustment coefficient, t is the time, and the recovery starting time t=0.
5. The method for controlling the frequency secondary drop of the power system for recovering the rotating speed based on the exponential function according to claim 4, wherein the determination of the value range of the adjustment coefficient k in the power reference value formula during the recovery period comprises an energy constraint and a target power constraint.
6. The method for controlling the frequency secondary drop of the power system for recovering the rotational speed based on the exponential function according to claim 5, wherein the energy constraint is expressed as follows:
From the above equation, it can be seen that, under the influence of the bivariate of C p and the wind speed v, it is actually difficult to obtain the k value range, in order to obtain universality, the wind speed may be considered to be the extreme scene below the cut-in wind speed, and the above equation may be simplified as follows:
7. The method for controlling the frequency secondary drop of the power system for recovering the rotational speed based on the exponential function according to claim 6, wherein the target power constraint is expressed as follows:
|Pref-PMPPT|≤ε|P0-PMPPT|
where ε is the error rate.
8. The power system frequency secondary drop control method for speed recovery based on exponential function according to claim 7, wherein the k value range can be obtained by combining the expressions of energy constraint and target power constraint and performing approximate simplification:
9. The method for controlling the frequency secondary drop of the electric power system for rotational speed recovery based on the exponential function according to claim 7, wherein the target recovery power P ref in step S5 satisfies:
In the method, in the process of the invention,
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