CN118033918A - Display device and driving method thereof - Google Patents
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- CN118033918A CN118033918A CN202410382975.9A CN202410382975A CN118033918A CN 118033918 A CN118033918 A CN 118033918A CN 202410382975 A CN202410382975 A CN 202410382975A CN 118033918 A CN118033918 A CN 118033918A
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
- G02B30/31—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers involving active parallax barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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Abstract
The application discloses a display device and a driving method thereof, which are used for reducing crosstalk and improving display effect. The embodiment of the application provides a display device, which comprises: the display device comprises a display source, a first lens array positioned at the light emitting side of the display source, a liquid crystal grating positioned at the side of the first lens array away from the display source, and a second lens array positioned at the side of the liquid crystal grating away from the first lens array; the display source is used for displaying pictures; the liquid crystal grating is used for forming a plurality of openings in the display stage; the first lens array is used for converging the light rays emitted from the display source to an opening of the liquid crystal grating; the second lens array is used for diverging and emitting the light emitted from the opening.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display device and a driving method thereof.
Background
With the continued development of display technology, three-dimensional (three dimensional, 3D) display technology is becoming more and more interesting. However, in the prior art, the 3D display is usually based on a liquid crystal display panel, and requires a multi-directional collimation backlight, so that the design difficulty of the 3D display product is high, the overlapping spots of the pixels are large, crosstalk can be increased, the viewing angle and the image depth of field are affected, and the display effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a display device and a driving method thereof, which are used for reducing crosstalk and improving display effect.
The embodiment of the application provides a display device, which comprises: the display device comprises a display source, a first lens array positioned at the light emitting side of the display source, a liquid crystal grating positioned at the side of the first lens array away from the display source, and a second lens array positioned at the side of the liquid crystal grating away from the first lens array;
the display source is used for displaying pictures;
the liquid crystal grating is used for forming a plurality of openings in the display stage;
The first lens array is used for converging the light rays emitted from the display source to an opening of the liquid crystal grating;
the second lens array is used for diverging and emitting the light emitted from the opening.
In some embodiments, the first lens array includes a plurality of first lenses arranged in an array;
The display source comprises a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array; the pixel island includes: a plurality of sub-pixel units; the sub-pixel unit comprises a plurality of sub-pixels;
the ratio of the width of the pixel island in the first direction to the width of the first lens in the first direction is an integer greater than 1; the first direction is the alignment direction of the eyes of the user.
In some embodiments, the second lens array includes a plurality of second lenses arranged in an array; the second lenses are in one-to-one correspondence with the first lenses.
In some embodiments, the optical axis of the second lens, the optical axis of the first lens, and the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating during the display stage coincide with a symmetry axis in a direction perpendicular to the display source.
In some embodiments, the period of the first lens in the first lens array is equal to the period of the second lens in the second lens array;
The ratio of the period of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating in the display stage to the period of the first lens in the first lens array is a positive integer.
In some embodiments, the width of the second lens in the first direction is greater than the width of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating in the display stage in the first direction;
The width of the first lens in the first direction is larger than the width of the second lens in the first direction.
In some embodiments, in the first direction, a width a of the second lens, a width b of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating in the display stage, a minimum distance h3 between the second lens and the opening, an air refractive index n1, a refractive index n2 of the film layer between the opening and air, a half θ1 of a main lobe angle of a viewing angle of the display device, and an incident angle θ2 of the second lens corresponding to the half θ1 of the main lobe angle satisfy:
a＝2h3×tanθ2+b；
n1×sinθ1＝n2×sinθ2。
in some embodiments, the first lens comprises an aspheric lens or a free-form surface lens and the second lens comprises a concave lens.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal grating comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;
the first substrate includes: a first substrate, and a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes positioned on one side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer;
The second substrate includes: the liquid crystal display device comprises a second substrate and a planar electrode positioned on one side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer.
In some embodiments, the refresh rate of the display source and the refresh rate of the liquid crystal grating are greater than or equal to 60 hertz;
The refresh frequency of the display source is the same as the refresh frequency of the liquid crystal grating.
In some embodiments, the display device further comprises: an image acquisition module and a driving module;
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring the positions of all users;
The driving module is used for: storing a mapping relation between a distribution angle of a user relative to the display device and a main lobe angle of the display device, storing a mapping relation between the main lobe angle and an opening ratio of an opening formed by the liquid crystal grating, and storing a mapping relation between the opening ratio and display source brightness;
the driving module is also used for: determining a distribution angle of a user relative to a display device according to the position of the user, determining the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating and the display brightness of the display source according to the stored mapping relation between the distribution angle and the main lobe angle of the display device, the mapping relation between the main lobe angle and the aperture ratio of the aperture formed by the liquid crystal grating and the mapping relation between the aperture ratio and the display brightness of the display source, and driving the display source to display images at the display brightness and drive the liquid crystal grating to form an aperture corresponding to the aperture ratio.
The driving method of the display device provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
Controlling a display source display picture;
The liquid crystal grating is controlled to form a plurality of openings, so that light rays emitted from the display source are converged to the openings of the liquid crystal grating and are emitted after reaching the second lens array through the openings.
In some embodiments, the first lens array comprises a plurality of first lenses arranged in an array, and the second lens array comprises a plurality of second lenses arranged in an array; the method for controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings specifically comprises the following steps:
Driving the liquid crystal grating to form first lenses and openings corresponding to the odd number in the first lens array in a first period of each frame;
the liquid crystal grating is driven to form openings corresponding to even-numbered first lenses in the first lens array in a second period adjacent to the first period for each frame.
In some embodiments, the first lens array includes a plurality of first lenses arranged in an array, the second lens array includes a plurality of second lenses arranged in an array, the display source includes a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array, the pixel islands include: n seed pixel units; the method for controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings specifically comprises the following steps:
each frame is divided into n time periods, and in the nth time period, the liquid crystal grating is driven to form an opening corresponding to the first lens through which light emitted by the nth seed pixel unit passes.
In some embodiments, the display device further comprises: an image acquisition module and a driving module; the method further comprises the steps of:
driving an image acquisition module to acquire the positions of all users;
The driving module determines the distribution angle of the user relative to the display device according to the positions of all the users;
The driving module determines the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating and the display brightness of the display source according to the stored mapping relation between the distribution angle and the main lobe angle of the display device, the mapping relation between the main lobe angle and the aperture ratio of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating and the mapping relation between the aperture ratio and the display brightness of the display source;
The method for controlling the display source display picture specifically comprises the following steps:
the driving module drives the display source to display a picture at the display brightness according to the determined display brightness of the display source;
the method for controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings specifically comprises the following steps:
The driving module drives the liquid crystal grating to form an opening corresponding to the opening ratio according to the determined opening ratio of the liquid crystal grating.
The display device and the driving method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application are applied to naked eye 3D display, and comprise the liquid crystal grating, a plurality of openings can be formed at the required positions in the display stage, and the positions, the sizes, the opening ratios and the like of the openings formed by the liquid crystal grating can be switched according to the requirements. The liquid crystal grating is used for forming the opening with adjustable opening ratio, so that the crosstalk can be reduced, and the angle of view can be adjusted. By adjusting the opening position, the display resolution can be improved. The display device further comprises a first lens array, light rays emitted from the display source can be converged to an opening formed by the liquid crystal grating through the first lens array, and the display source is not required to provide collimation backlight. The display device further adjusts the angle of emergent light through the second lens array, so that the visual angle can be further increased, and the crosstalk can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial enlarged structure of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a driving method of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of forming an opening in a region corresponding to an even number of first lenses in a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of overlapping a view image of an area forming opening corresponding to an even number of first lenses and a view image of an area forming opening corresponding to an odd number of first lenses according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a view image corresponding to a sub-pixel unit in a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of superposition of view images corresponding to n sub-pixel units in a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a driving method of another display device according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the application. And embodiments of the application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
It should be noted that the dimensions and shapes of the figures in the drawings do not reflect true proportions, and are intended to illustrate the present application only. And the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.
An embodiment of the present application provides a display device, as shown in fig. 1, including: a display source 1, a first lens array 2 positioned at the light emitting side of the display source 1, a liquid crystal grating 4 positioned at the side of the first lens array 2 away from the display source 1, and a second lens array 3 positioned at the side of the liquid crystal grating 4 away from the first lens array 2;
the display source 1 is used for displaying pictures;
the liquid crystal grating 4 is used for forming a plurality of openings 5 in the display stage;
The first lens array 2 is used for converging the light rays emitted from the display source 1 to an opening 5 of the liquid crystal grating 4;
The second lens array 3 is for diverging light exiting from the opening 5.
The display device provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to naked eye 3D display, and comprises the liquid crystal grating, a plurality of openings can be formed at the required positions in the display stage, and the positions, the sizes, the opening ratios and the like of the openings formed by the liquid crystal grating can be switched according to the requirements. The liquid crystal grating is used for forming the opening with adjustable opening ratio, so that the crosstalk can be reduced, and the angle of view can be adjusted. By adjusting the opening position, the display resolution can be improved. The display device further comprises a first lens array, light rays emitted from the display source can be converged to an opening formed by the liquid crystal grating through the first lens array, and the display source is not required to provide collimation backlight. The display device further adjusts the angle of emergent light through the second lens array, so that the accuracy of light control angle can be improved, the visual angle is further increased, and the crosstalk is reduced.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the liquid crystal grating 4 includes: a first substrate 401 and a second substrate 402 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 403 between the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402;
the first substrate 401 includes: a first substrate 4011, and a plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes 4012 provided on a side of the first substrate 4011 facing the liquid crystal layer 403;
the second substrate 402 includes: a second substrate 4021, and a planar electrode 4022 located on a side of the second substrate 4021 facing the liquid crystal layer 403.
In some embodiments, a plurality of strip electrodes are arranged in a common layer.
Or in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the plurality of strip electrodes comprises: a plurality of first stripe-shaped electrodes 40121 and a plurality of second stripe-shaped electrodes 40122 located on a side of the first stripe-shaped electrode 40121 facing away from the first substrate 4011; the orthographic projection of the first strip electrode 40121 on the first substrate 4011 and the orthographic projection of the second strip electrode 40122 on the first substrate 4011 are alternately arranged;
The first substrate 401 further includes an insulating layer 4013 between the first strip electrode 40121 and the second strip electrode 40122;
The front projection of the first strip electrode 40121 on the first substrate 4011 overlaps the front projection of the region between the adjacent two second strip electrodes 40122 on the first substrate 4011; the orthographic projection of the second strip electrode 40122 on the first substrate 4011 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the region between the adjacent two first strip electrodes 40121 on the first substrate 4011.
According to the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, the plurality of strip-shaped electrodes are positioned on different layers, and the orthographic projection of the first strip-shaped electrode on the first substrate and the orthographic projection of the second strip-shaped electrode on the first substrate are alternately arranged, so that the size and the position of the opening can be more accurately regulated.
In some embodiments, the plurality of first strip-shaped electrodes are arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of second strip-shaped electrodes are arranged along the first direction.
In some embodiments, the width of the first strip electrode is not equal to the width of the second strip electrode.
Or in some embodiments, the width of the first strip electrode is equal to the width of the second strip electrode.
In some embodiments, the width of the first strip electrodes is less than the width of the gaps between the second strip electrodes, which is less than the width of the gaps between the first strip electrodes.
Or in some embodiments, the width of the first strip electrodes is greater than or equal to the width of the gaps between the second strip electrodes, the width of the second strip electrodes being greater than or equal to the width of the gaps between the first strip electrodes; the orthographic projection of the first strip-shaped electrode on the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of the area between two adjacent second strip-shaped electrodes on the first substrate; the orthographic projection of the second strip-shaped electrode on the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of the area between two adjacent first strip-shaped electrodes on the first substrate.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal grating further includes a first signal line electrically connected to the planar electrode and a second signal line electrically connected to the strip electrode. Thus, the planar electrode may be energized via the first signal line and the strip electrode may be energized via the second signal line.
In practice, the formation of the openings may be controlled by energizing the planar electrodes and energizing or discharging the strip electrodes. The width of the opening, i.e. the opening ratio, is adjusted by powering up or discharging different numbers of strip electrodes. The positions of the openings are adjusted by energizing or discharging the strip electrodes at different positions. For example, the stripe electrodes corresponding to the regions where the openings are required to be formed are energized, and the stripe electrodes corresponding to the regions where the openings are not required to be formed are discharged. Or the strip electrode corresponding to the area needing to form the opening is discharged, and the strip electrode corresponding to the area needing not to form the opening is powered.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal grating further comprises: a first alignment film between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate, and a second alignment film between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal layer is a dye-free liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal grating further includes: the first polarizer is positioned on one side of the first substrate away from the second substrate, and the second polarizer is positioned on one side of the second substrate away from the first substrate.
In specific implementation, the strip-shaped electrode corresponding to the area forming the opening can be powered on or powered off according to the alignment angles of the first alignment film and the second alignment film and the transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer.
Or in some embodiments, the liquid crystal layer 403 also includes a dye 8 as shown in fig. 3. I.e. the liquid crystal grating is an electrochromic liquid crystal grating. For example, as shown in fig. 3, dye 8 is a black dye. In the specific implementation, the strip electrode corresponding to the area where the opening is required to be formed is powered up, and the strip electrode corresponding to the area where the opening is not required to be formed is discharged.
In some embodiments, the refresh rate of the display source and the refresh rate of the liquid crystal grating are greater than or equal to 60 hertz;
The refresh frequency of the display source is the same as the refresh frequency of the liquid crystal grating.
In some embodiments, the refresh frequency of the display source and the refresh frequency of the liquid crystal grating are, for example, 120 hz, 180 hz, 240 hz.
In some embodiments, the display source is an active or passive display source such as an electroluminescent display source, a liquid crystal display source, projection, or the like. Namely, the display device provided by the embodiment of the application is not limited by the types of display sources, and has wide application range.
In particular embodiments, the electroluminescent display source comprises an electroluminescent display panel, such as a light emitting diode display panel, an organic light emitting diode display panel, a quantum dot light emitting diode display panel, or the like.
In an embodiment, when the display source is a liquid crystal display source, the liquid crystal display source includes: a liquid crystal display panel; the backlight module can be arranged on the light emitting side of the liquid crystal display panel.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the first lens array 2 includes a plurality of first lenses 201 arranged in an array;
The display source 1 includes a plurality of pixel islands 101 arranged in an array; the ratio of the width h1 of the pixel island 101 in the first direction X to the width h2 of the first lens 201 in the first direction X is an integer greater than 1; the first direction X is the direction of alignment of both eyes of the user.
According to the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, the ratio of the width h2 of the pixel island in the first direction X to the width h1 of the first lens in the first direction X is an integer, so that a plurality of first lenses can be closely arranged. Compared with the case that the ratio of the width h2 of the pixel island in the first direction X to the width h1 of the first lens in the first direction X is not an integer (a gap is formed between adjacent first lenses), the manufacturing difficulty and the design difficulty of the first lens array can be reduced. And the ratio of the width h2 of the pixel island in the first direction X to the width h1 of the first lens in the first direction X is an integer greater than 1, the resolution of the display device can be improved. When h2/h1=m, M is an integer greater than 1, and the resolution can be increased by a factor of M at the highest.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the pixel island 101 includes: a plurality of sub-pixel units 1011; the sub-pixel unit 1011 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 10111;
In some embodiments, each sub-pixel element in a pixel island includes multiple sub-pixels, such that a super multi-view display may be implemented. The light emitted by the sub-pixels has a large visual angle after passing through the first lens array, the liquid crystal grating and the second lens array, and the visual points formed by the sub-pixels in the pixel islands can be spliced, so that the light emitted by the display source forms a continuous light emitting area in space after passing through the first lens array, the liquid crystal grating and the second lens array.
In some embodiments, the display source includes a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array along a first direction X, a second direction; the second direction intersects the first direction X, e.g. the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction X.
In some embodiments, for example, the pixel island includes 3 sub-pixel units, respectively a red sub-pixel unit, a blue sub-pixel unit, and a green sub-pixel unit; the red sub-pixel unit includes a plurality of red sub-pixels, the blue sub-pixel unit includes a plurality of blue sub-pixels, and the green sub-pixel unit includes a plurality of green sub-pixels.
In some embodiments, the subpixels adjacent in the second direction are the same color.
Or in some embodiments, the pixel island includes a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged along the second direction, and the sub-pixel units include a plurality of same-kind sub-pixels arranged along the first direction X. The red sub-pixel unit includes a plurality of red sub-pixels arranged along a first direction X, the blue sub-pixel unit includes a plurality of blue sub-pixels arranged along the first direction X, and the green sub-pixel unit includes a plurality of green sub-pixels arranged along the first direction X.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the second lens array 3 includes a plurality of second lenses 301 arranged in an array; the second lenses 301 are in one-to-one correspondence with the first lenses 201.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the optical axis of the second lens 301 coincides with the optical axis of the first lens 201, the coinciding optical axis being indicated by the line labeled 7 in fig. 1;
And the optical axis of the second lens 301, the optical axis of the first lens 201, and the opening 5 of the liquid crystal grating 4 formed in the display stage coincide with each other in a direction perpendicular to the display source 1, and the coinciding optical axis and symmetry axis are indicated by a straight line denoted by reference numeral 6 in fig. 1.
According to the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, the optical axis of the first lens, the optical axis of the second lens and the symmetry axis of the opening of the liquid crystal grating are overlapped, so that the crosstalk can be further reduced, the angle of view can be increased, and the display effect can be improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the period L1 of the first lens 201 in the first lens array 2 is equal to the period L2 of the second lens 301 in the second lens array 3;
The ratio of the period L3 of the opening 5 formed in the display stage of the liquid crystal grating 4 to the period L1 of the first lens 201 in the first lens array 2 is a positive integer.
Further, the ratio of the period L3 of the opening 5 formed in the display stage of the liquid crystal grating 4 to the period L1 of the first lens 201 in the first lens array 2 is an odd number.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the width a of the second lens 301 in the first direction X is greater than the width b of the opening 5 of the liquid crystal grating 4 formed in the display stage in the first direction X;
the width h1 of the first lens 201 in the first direction X is larger than the width a of the second lens 301 in the first direction X.
In some embodiments, the first lens array is disposed in registry with the liquid crystal grating and the second lens array is disposed in registry with the liquid crystal grating.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, in the first direction X, the width a of the second lens 301, the width b of the opening 5 formed by the liquid crystal grating 4 in the display stage, the minimum distance h3 between the second lens 301 and the opening 5, the refractive index n1 of air, the refractive index n2 of the film layer between the opening 5 and air, half θ1 of the main lobe angle of the viewing angle of the display device, and the incident angle θ2 of the second lens 301 corresponding to half θ1 of the main lobe angle satisfy:
a＝2h3×tanθ2+b；
n1×sinθ1＝n2×sinθ2。
It should be noted that, since the second substrate and the glass substrate are made of the same material as the glass substrate, the refractive index of the second lens may be unchanged, i.e., n2 is the refractive index of the second lens before the light passes through the opening and then reaches the air.
Note that, the viewing angle includes a main-lobe viewing angle and a side-lobe viewing angle. The main lobe viewing angle refers to a viewing angle formed in space after light emitted from the sub-pixel passes through the first lens directly above the main lobe viewing angle. The sidelobe view angle refers to a view angle formed in space after light rays emitted by the sub-pixels pass through a first lens beside the light splitting structure right above the sub-pixels, for example, the light rays are first-level sidelobe view angles through a first lens adjacent to the first lens right above, second-level sidelobe view angles through a second first lens adjacent to the first lens right above, and the like.
According to the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, the width of the opening and the width of the second lens meet the formula, so that the visual angle of the display device can be ensured, the crosstalk is reduced, and the display effect is improved.
In some embodiments, the first lens may be a single lens or a combination lens composed of a plurality of single lenses.
In some embodiments, the first lens comprises at least one of a spherical lens, an aspherical lens, a fresnel lens, a free-form surface lens.
Preferably, the first lens comprises an aspherical lens or a free-form surface lens,
In some embodiments, the second lens may be a single lens or a combination lens composed of a plurality of single lenses.
In some embodiments, the second lens comprises at least one of a spherical lens, an aspherical lens, a fresnel lens, a free-form surface lens.
Preferably, the second lens comprises a concave lens.
In some embodiments, the first lens and the second lens are each cylindrical lenses.
In some embodiments, the display device further comprises: an image acquisition module and a driving module;
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring the positions of all users;
The driving module is used for: storing a mapping relation between a distribution angle of a user relative to the display device and a main lobe angle of the display device, storing a mapping relation between the main lobe angle and an opening ratio of an opening formed by the liquid crystal grating, and storing a mapping relation between the opening ratio and display source brightness;
the driving module is also used for: determining a distribution angle of a user relative to a display device according to the position of the user, determining the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating and the display brightness of the display source according to the stored mapping relation between the distribution angle and the main lobe angle of the display device, the mapping relation between the main lobe angle and the aperture ratio of the aperture formed by the liquid crystal grating and the mapping relation between the aperture ratio and the display brightness of the display source, and driving the display source to display images at the display brightness and drive the liquid crystal grating to form an aperture corresponding to the aperture ratio.
According to the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, when the watching user comprises a plurality of users, the positions of all the users can be determined by utilizing the image acquisition module. After receiving the information of the positions of all users determined by the acquisition module, the driving module determines the distribution angle of the users relative to the display device according to the positions of the users, determines the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating and the display brightness of the display source according to the stored mapping relation between the distribution angle and the main lobe angle of the display device, the mapping relation between the aperture ratio of the opening formed by the main lobe angle and the liquid crystal grating and the mapping relation between the aperture ratio and the display brightness of the display source, and drives the display source to display images at the display brightness and drive the liquid crystal grating to form an opening corresponding to the aperture ratio, thereby realizing that the display parameters can be adjusted by the display device according to the number and the positions of the users to be watched, leading the display image of the display device to adapt to the number of the people to be watched and improving the display effect.
In particular embodiments, the image acquisition module is electrically coupled to the drive module such that the drive module can receive positional information of all users determined by the image acquisition module. The driving module is also electrically connected with the liquid crystal grating and the display source, so that the driving module can provide driving signals corresponding to the liquid crystal grating for the liquid crystal grating to drive the liquid crystal grating to form an opening, and provide driving signals corresponding to the display picture for the display source to drive the display picture of the display source.
In the implementation, when the number of watching users is large, the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating can be reduced, the main lobe angle of the viewpoint can be increased, and the viewpoint brightness can be reduced.
In specific implementation, the driving module drives the display source to display a picture at the display brightness according to the determined display brightness of the display source, and specifically includes: the driving module determines a driving signal of the display source according to the determined display brightness of the display source and provides the driving signal to the display source. The driving module drives the liquid crystal grating to form an opening corresponding to the opening ratio according to the determined opening ratio of the liquid crystal grating, and specifically comprises the following steps: the driving module determines the electric signals of the planar electrodes, the positions, the number and the corresponding electric signals of the strip-shaped electrodes to be powered on according to the determined aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating, and provides the electric signals for the planar electrodes and the strip-shaped electrodes to be powered on.
The display device provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following components: television, display, etc. any product or component having a display function. Other essential components of the display device will be understood by those skilled in the art, and are not described herein in detail, nor should they be considered as limiting the application. The implementation of the display device can be referred to the embodiment of the display panel, and the repetition is not repeated.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a driving method of the above display device, as shown in fig. 5, including:
S101, controlling a display source display picture;
S102, controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings, so that light rays emitted from the display source are converged to the openings of the liquid crystal grating and are emitted after reaching the second lens array through the openings.
In some embodiments, the first lens array comprises a plurality of first lenses arranged in an array, and the second lens array comprises a plurality of second lenses arranged in an array; the method for controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings specifically comprises the following steps:
Driving the liquid crystal grating to form first lenses and openings corresponding to the odd number in the first lens array in a first period of each frame;
The liquid crystal grating is driven to form openings corresponding to even-numbered first lenses in the first lens array in a second period adjacent to the first period every frame.
In some embodiments, the second period of time follows the first period of time; or the second period precedes the first period.
According to the driving method of the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, the odd-numbered first lenses and the corresponding area liquid crystal gratings form openings, the formed viewpoint images are shown in fig. 1, the even-numbered first lenses and the corresponding area liquid crystal gratings form openings, and the formed viewpoint images are shown in fig. 6, namely, the driving method of the display device provided by the embodiment of the application can form different viewpoint images in a visible space in a time-sharing manner, and the viewpoint images shown in fig. 1 and 6 are overlapped as shown in fig. 7 by utilizing the residual phenomenon of human eye images, so that the viewpoint resolution is improved by 1 time.
In a specific implementation, when the odd-numbered and even-numbered corresponding regions respectively form openings, the refresh frequency of the display source and the liquid crystal grating is 120 hz, for example.
It should be noted that, when the first lens array includes a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns of first lenses, the odd first lenses are odd first lenses, the even first lenses are even first lenses, or the odd first lenses are odd first lenses, and the even first lenses are even first lenses.
In some embodiments, the first lens array includes a plurality of first lenses arranged in an array, the second lens array includes a plurality of second lenses arranged in an array, the display source includes a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array, the pixel islands include: n seed pixel units; the method for controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings specifically comprises the following steps:
each frame is divided into n time periods, and in the nth time period, the liquid crystal grating is driven to form an opening corresponding to the first lens through which light emitted by the nth seed pixel unit passes.
According to the driving method of the display device, provided by the embodiment of the application, the n time periods are divided into n time periods, n viewpoint images corresponding to n seed pixels are formed, and the n viewpoint images are overlapped by utilizing the residual phenomenon of the human eye images, so that the resolution can be improved.
In a specific implementation, for example, the pixel island includes 3 sub-pixel units, i.e., includes 3 sub-pixels, the ratio of the width of the pixel island to the width of the first lens is 3, and the resolution of the display source is greater than 2 times the retinal resolution; the view point image formed by the opening corresponding to the first lens through which the light emitted from one sub-pixel unit passes is shown in fig. 8, the view point image formed by the opening corresponding to the first lens through which the light emitted from the 3 sub-pixel unit passes is shown in fig. 9, that is, the driving method of the display device provided by the embodiment of the application can form different view point images corresponding to the sub-pixel types in the visible space in a time-sharing manner, and the view point resolution can be improved by 2 times by utilizing the residual phenomenon of the human eye image.
In some embodiments, the display device further comprises: an image acquisition module and a driving module; as shown in fig. 10, the driving method of the display device further includes:
s201, driving an image acquisition module to acquire the positions of all users;
S202, a driving module determines the distribution angle of the user relative to the display device according to the positions of all the users;
S203, the driving module determines the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating and the display brightness of the display source according to the stored mapping relation between the distribution angle and the main lobe angle of the display device, the mapping relation between the main lobe angle and the aperture ratio of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating and the mapping relation between the aperture ratio and the display brightness of the display source;
The method for controlling the display source display picture specifically comprises the following steps:
S204, driving the display source to display a picture at the display brightness according to the determined display brightness of the display source by the driving module;
the method for controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings specifically comprises the following steps:
S205, driving the liquid crystal grating to form an opening corresponding to the aperture ratio by the driving module according to the determined aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating.
According to the driving method of the display device, when the watching user comprises a plurality of users, the positions of all the users can be determined by using the image acquisition module. After receiving the information of the positions of all users determined by the acquisition module, the driving module determines the distribution angle of the users relative to the display device according to the positions of the users, determines the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating and the display brightness of the display source according to the stored mapping relation between the distribution angle and the main lobe angle of the display device, the mapping relation between the aperture ratio of the opening formed by the main lobe angle and the liquid crystal grating and the mapping relation between the aperture ratio and the display brightness of the display source, and drives the display source to display images at the display brightness and drive the liquid crystal grating to form an opening corresponding to the aperture ratio, thereby realizing that the display parameters can be adjusted by the display device according to the number and the positions of the users to be watched, leading the display image of the display device to adapt to the number of the people to be watched and improving the display effect.
In the implementation, when the number of watching users is large, the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating can be reduced, the main lobe angle of the viewpoint can be increased, and the viewpoint brightness can be reduced.
In specific implementation, the driving module drives the display source to display a picture at the display brightness according to the determined display brightness of the display source, and specifically includes: the driving module determines a driving signal of the display source according to the determined display brightness of the display source and provides the driving signal to the display source. The driving module drives the liquid crystal grating to form an opening corresponding to the opening ratio according to the determined opening ratio of the liquid crystal grating, and specifically comprises the following steps: the driving module determines the electric signals of the planar electrodes, the positions, the number and the corresponding electric signals of the strip-shaped electrodes to be powered on according to the determined aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating, and provides the electric signals for the planar electrodes and the strip-shaped electrodes to be powered on.
In summary, the display device and the driving method thereof provided in the embodiments of the present application are applied to naked eye 3D display, and include a liquid crystal grating, where a plurality of openings may be formed at a desired position during a display stage, and the position, size, aperture ratio, etc. of the openings formed by the liquid crystal grating may be switched as required. The liquid crystal grating is used for forming the opening with adjustable opening ratio, so that the crosstalk can be reduced, and the angle of view can be adjusted. By adjusting the opening position, the display resolution can be improved. The display device further comprises a first lens array, light rays emitted from the display source can be converged to an opening formed by the liquid crystal grating through the first lens array, and the display source is not required to provide collimation backlight. The display device further adjusts the angle of emergent light through the second lens array, so that the visual angle can be further increased, and the crosstalk can be reduced.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (15)
1. A display device, characterized in that the display device comprises: the display device comprises a display source, a first lens array and a liquid crystal grating, wherein the first lens array is positioned on the light emitting side of the display source, the liquid crystal grating is positioned on the side, away from the display source, of the first lens array, and the second lens array is positioned on the side, away from the first lens array, of the liquid crystal grating;
The display source is used for displaying pictures;
the liquid crystal grating is used for forming a plurality of openings in a display stage;
The first lens array is used for converging the light rays emitted from the display source to the opening of the liquid crystal grating;
The second lens array is used for diverging and emitting the light emitted from the opening.
2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first lens array includes a plurality of first lenses arranged in an array;
the display source comprises a plurality of pixel islands which are arranged in an array; the pixel island includes: a plurality of sub-pixel units; the sub-pixel unit comprises a plurality of sub-pixels;
a ratio of a width of the pixel island in a first direction to a width of the first lens in the first direction is an integer greater than 1; the first direction is the alignment direction of the eyes of the user.
3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the second lens array includes a plurality of second lenses arranged in an array; the second lenses are in one-to-one correspondence with the first lenses.
4. A display device according to claim 3, wherein the optical axis of the second lens, the optical axis of the first lens and the symmetry axis of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating in the display stage coincide in a direction perpendicular to the display source.
5. The display device of claim 4, wherein a period of the first lens in the first lens array is equal to a period of the second lens in the second lens array;
The ratio of the period of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating in the display stage to the period of the first lens in the first lens array is a positive integer.
6. The display device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein a width of the second lens in the first direction is larger than a width of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating in the display stage in the first direction;
The width of the first lens in the first direction is greater than the width of the second lens in the first direction.
7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein in the first direction, a width a of the second lens, a width b of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating in a display stage, a minimum distance h3 between the second lens and the opening, an air refractive index n1, a film refractive index n2 between the opening and air, a half θ1 of a main lobe angle of a viewing angle of the display device, and an incident angle θ2 of the second lens corresponding to the half θ1 of the main lobe angle satisfy:
a＝2h3×tanθ2+b；
n1×sinθ1＝n2×sinθ2。
8. a display device according to claims 3-5, 7, wherein the first lens comprises an aspherical lens or a free-form surface lens and the second lens comprises a concave lens.
9. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7, wherein the liquid crystal grating includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate;
The first substrate includes: a first substrate, and a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes positioned on one side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer;
the second substrate includes: the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal layer, a second substrate and a planar electrode positioned on one side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer.
10. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, 7, wherein a refresh frequency of the display source and a refresh frequency of the liquid crystal grating are greater than or equal to 60 hz;
The refresh frequency of the display source is the same as the refresh frequency of the liquid crystal grating.
11. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, 7, further comprising: an image acquisition module and a driving module;
The image acquisition module is used for acquiring the positions of all users;
The driving module is used for: storing a mapping relation between a distribution angle of the user relative to the display device and a main lobe angle of the display device, storing a mapping relation between the main lobe angle and an opening ratio of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating, and storing a mapping relation between the opening ratio and display source brightness;
The drive module is also for: determining a distribution angle of the user relative to the display device according to the position of the user, determining the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating and the display brightness of the display source according to the stored mapping relation between the distribution angle and the main lobe angle of the display device, the mapping relation between the main lobe angle and the aperture ratio of the aperture formed by the liquid crystal grating and the mapping relation between the aperture ratio and the display brightness of the display source, and driving the display source to display a picture on the display brightness and drive the liquid crystal grating to form an aperture corresponding to the aperture ratio.
12. A driving method of a display device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the method comprises:
Controlling the display source display picture;
And controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings, so that light rays emitted from the display source are converged to the openings of the liquid crystal grating and are emitted after reaching the second lens array through the openings.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first lens array comprises a plurality of first lenses arranged in an array, and the second lens array comprises a plurality of second lenses arranged in an array; the controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings specifically comprises:
Driving the liquid crystal grating to form first lenses and corresponding openings which are odd in the first lens array in a first period of each frame;
And driving the liquid crystal grating to form openings corresponding to even first lenses in the first lens array in a second period adjacent to the first period in each frame.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein the first lens array comprises a plurality of first lenses arranged in an array, the second lens array comprises a plurality of second lenses arranged in an array, the display source comprises a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array, the pixel islands comprising: n seed pixel units; the controlling the liquid crystal grating to form a plurality of openings specifically comprises:
Each frame is divided into n time periods, and in the nth time period, the liquid crystal grating is driven to form the opening corresponding to the first lens through which the light emitted by the nth sub-pixel unit passes.
15. The method of any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the display device further comprises: an image acquisition module and a driving module; the method further comprises the steps of:
Driving the image acquisition module to acquire the positions of all users;
the driving module determines the distribution angle of the user relative to the display device according to the positions of all the users;
The driving module determines the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal grating and the display brightness of the display source according to the stored mapping relation between the distribution angle and the main lobe angle of the display device, the mapping relation between the main lobe angle and the aperture ratio of the opening formed by the liquid crystal grating and the mapping relation between the aperture ratio and the display brightness of the display source;
the control display source display screen specifically comprises:
the driving module drives the display source to display a picture at the display brightness according to the determined display brightness of the display source;
The control liquid crystal grating forms a plurality of openings, and specifically comprises:
and the driving module drives the liquid crystal grating to form an opening corresponding to the opening ratio according to the determined opening ratio of the liquid crystal grating.
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| CN202410382975.9A CN118033918A (en) | 2024-03-29 | 2024-03-29 | Display device and driving method thereof |
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