CN118029205A - V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track - Google Patents
V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118029205A CN118029205A CN202410427708.9A CN202410427708A CN118029205A CN 118029205 A CN118029205 A CN 118029205A CN 202410427708 A CN202410427708 A CN 202410427708A CN 118029205 A CN118029205 A CN 118029205A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- shaped
- foundation
- track
- suspension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B25/00—Tracks for special kinds of railways
- E01B25/30—Tracks for magnetic suspension or levitation vehicles
- E01B25/305—Rails or supporting constructions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B25/00—Tracks for special kinds of railways
- E01B25/30—Tracks for magnetic suspension or levitation vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnetic suspension, in particular to a V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track. The V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track comprises: the device comprises a foundation, a superconducting suspension device and a permanent magnet track, wherein a V-shaped groove is formed in the foundation; the superconducting suspension is arranged right above the foundation; the permanent magnet track is arranged between the foundation and the superconducting suspension device, and comprises two permanent magnet groups which are respectively and obliquely arranged on side walls of two sides of the V-shaped groove, and the two permanent magnet groups are arranged in mirror symmetry along the perpendicular bisectors of the bottom plate of the V-shaped groove. The invention can provide larger suspension guiding capability and larger magnetic field gradient for the high-temperature superconducting pinning magnetic levitation train system, and the invention requires smaller magnet volume and is superior to the existing track in guiding force under the condition of realizing the same suspension performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnetic suspension, in particular to a V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track.
Background
In the construction of a high-temperature superconducting pinning magnetic levitation system, a large number of permanent magnet tracks need to be paved along the line. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet serving as the existing track magnetic material is made of rare earth materials, so that the cost of the track is high, and the cost of the track accounts for more than 70% of the total cost. The cost is high, the performance is not satisfied, and the problem to be solved is urgent, in addition, in the suspension system of pinning magnetic levitation, the suspension performance needs the track to provide as large a magnetic field as possible on the one hand, and on the other hand, the suspension system depends on the magnetic field gradient experienced by the high-temperature superconductive block during movement. Accordingly, there is a need for a device that reduces track cost and adjusts the magnetic field gradient experienced by high temperature superconducting blocks during motion to improve track performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track so as to solve the problems. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The application provides a V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a foundation, a superconducting suspension device and a permanent magnet track, wherein a V-shaped groove is formed in the foundation; the superconducting suspension is arranged right above the foundation; the permanent magnet track is arranged between the foundation and the superconducting suspension device, and comprises two permanent magnet groups which are respectively and obliquely arranged on side walls of two sides of the V-shaped groove, and the two permanent magnet groups are arranged in mirror symmetry along the perpendicular bisectors of the bottom plate of the V-shaped groove.
Optionally, the superconductive suspension device comprises a low-temperature container and a high-temperature superconductive block, wherein the low-temperature container and the high-temperature superconductive block are arranged in a V-shaped structure, the low-temperature container is arranged right above the permanent magnet track, the high-temperature superconductive block is arranged in the low-temperature container, side walls on two sides of the high-temperature superconductive block are parallel to the permanent magnet track, and the bottom of the high-temperature superconductive block is parallel to a horizontal plane.
Optionally, at least three permanent magnets are arranged in each permanent magnet group, the number of the permanent magnets in each permanent magnet group is an odd number greater than or equal to three, and the sizes of the permanent magnets are the same.
Optionally, the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets are sequentially arranged in a halbach array form, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are different by 90 degrees.
Alternatively, the magnetization direction of two permanent magnets of the permanent magnet group near the bottom plate of the V-shaped groove is parallel to the foundation.
Optionally, the permanent magnet track further comprises two fixing blocks, wherein two groups of fixing blocks are arranged, each group of fixing blocks is provided with two fixing blocks, the fixing blocks are fixedly arranged at two ends of the permanent magnet group, and the minimum distance between the two fixing blocks at two adjacent sides of the perpendicular bisector of the bottom plate of the V-shaped groove is smaller than the width of one permanent magnet.
Optionally, the material of the fixed block is a non-magnetic steel plate.
Optionally, the bottom of the superconducting suspension is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the width of the bottom of the superconducting suspension is greater than 0.9 times of the minimum distance between two adjacent fixed blocks.
Optionally, the included angle between the permanent magnet track and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
Optionally, the permanent magnet has an aspect ratio greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 2.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the invention, the V-shaped grooves are formed in the foundation, the permanent magnet tracks are obliquely arranged on the V-shaped grooves of the foundation, so that the track is tidy, sundries are not easy to remain on the track, and the bottom of the superconducting suspension is of a V-shaped structure, so that under the condition of an equal volume of magnet, compared with various halbach tracks tiled, more accommodating spaces can be provided for high-temperature superconducting blocks, the spatial distribution of magnetic fields above the track is improved, and the magnetic field in the track center line is increased; the invention can provide larger suspension guiding capability for the high-temperature superconductive pinning magnetic levitation train system by obliquely arranging the permanent magnet track, and the invention requires smaller magnet volume and is superior to the existing track in guiding force under the condition of realizing the same suspension performance.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a V-halbach permanent magnet track according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution of a V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating guiding performance improvement of a V-halbach permanent magnet track according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating suspension performance improvement of a V-halbach permanent magnet track according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The marks in the figure: 1. a foundation; 2. a permanent magnet rail; 21. a permanent magnet; 22. a fixed block; 3. a superconducting suspension; 31. a low temperature vessel; 32. high temperature superconducting block.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, 2,3 and 4, the present embodiment provides a V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track, including: the device comprises a foundation 1, a superconducting suspension 3 and a permanent magnet track 2, wherein a V-shaped groove is formed in the foundation 1; the superconducting suspension 3 is arranged right above the foundation 1; the permanent magnet track 2 is arranged between the foundation 1 and the superconducting suspension 3, the permanent magnet track 2 comprises two permanent magnet groups, the two permanent magnet groups are respectively and obliquely arranged on side walls of two sides of the V-shaped groove, and the two permanent magnet groups are arranged in mirror symmetry along a perpendicular bisector of a bottom plate of the V-shaped groove.
According to the invention, the V-shaped grooves are formed in the foundation 1, the permanent magnet tracks 2 are obliquely arranged on the V-shaped grooves of the foundation 1, so that the track is tidy, sundries are not easy to remain on the track, the foundation 1 with the V-shaped grooves provides better stability, the influence of vibration and vibration is reduced, and the normal operation of the system is ensured, wherein the oblique arrangement and the mirror symmetry layout of the permanent magnet tracks 2 are beneficial to providing a stable magnetic field environment and a larger magnetic field gradient, ensuring the stable movement of objects on the track, and increasing the levitation force of the permanent magnet tracks 2.
The superconductive suspension device 3 comprises a low-temperature container 31 and a high-temperature superconductive block 32, wherein the low-temperature container 31 and the high-temperature superconductive block 32 are arranged in a V-shaped structure, the low-temperature container 31 is arranged right above the permanent magnet track 2, the high-temperature superconductive block 32 is arranged in the low-temperature container 31, side walls on two sides of the high-temperature superconductive block 32 are arranged in parallel with the permanent magnet track 2, and the bottom of the high-temperature superconductive block 32 is arranged in parallel with a horizontal plane.
According to the invention, the low-temperature container 31 and the high-temperature superconducting block 32 are arranged in a V-shaped structure, so that under the condition of an equal volume magnet, compared with various halbach tracks tiled, more accommodating spaces can be provided for the high-temperature superconducting block 32, the spatial distribution of a magnetic field above the tracks is improved, the magnetic field in the track center line is increased, and the V-shaped structure of the high-temperature superconducting block 32 and the parallel arrangement of the V-shaped structure and the permanent magnet track 2 are beneficial to realizing a stable suspension state, so that high-precision control of objects is provided.
Wherein, at least three permanent magnets 21 are arranged in the permanent magnet groups, the number of the permanent magnets 21 in each permanent magnet group is an odd number which is more than or equal to three, and the sizes of the permanent magnets 21 are the same.
The invention selects the odd number of permanent magnets 21 and the design with the same size, which is helpful for ensuring the symmetrical distribution of the magnetic field on the permanent magnet track 2, and improves the stability and the control of the system.
The magnetization directions of the permanent magnets 21 are sequentially arranged in a halbach array, the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets 21 differ by 90 degrees, and the magnetization direction of the innermost permanent magnet is always parallel to the foundation.
The arrangement mode of the Halbach array in the invention is beneficial to improving the magnetic field distribution on the permanent magnet track 2 and improving the suspension guiding performance of the superconducting suspension, wherein the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets 21 are different by 90 degrees to maximally utilize the characteristics of the Halbach array, so that the magnetic field is more concentrated in the required direction, thereby reducing the leakage of the magnetic field in other directions and improving the utilization rate of the magnetic field.
The permanent magnet track 2 further comprises two fixing blocks 22, the fixing blocks 22 are provided with two groups, each group of fixing blocks 22 is provided with two blocks, the fixing blocks 22 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the permanent magnet group, and the minimum distance between the two fixing blocks 22 at two adjacent sides of the perpendicular bisector of the bottom plate of the V-shaped groove is smaller than the width of one permanent magnet 21.
The invention is helpful to limit the movement range of the permanent magnet track 2 by arranging the fixing blocks 22, improves the stability of the system, and prevents the permanent magnet track 2 from moving especially when being disturbed by the outside. Wherein the minimum spacing between the fixed blocks 22 is greater than the width of the permanent magnets 21 helps to avoid unnecessary friction or interference, thereby reducing the energy loss of the system.
Wherein, the material of the fixed block 22 is a non-magnetic steel plate.
The non-magnetically permeable steel sheet of the present invention is a material with a weak magnetic property, which reduces the distortion or interference of the magnetic field on the permanent magnet track 2. Also, the use of non-magnetically permeable materials helps ensure that the fixed mass 22 does not introduce additional magnetic fields during movement, thereby maintaining magnetic field uniformity across the permanent magnet track 2 and reducing eddy current losses.
The bottom of the superconducting suspension 3 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the width of the bottom of the superconducting suspension 3 is greater than 0.9 times of the minimum distance between two adjacent fixed blocks 22.
The invention can effectively avoid collision with the fixed blocks 22 in movement by ensuring that the width of the bottom of the superconducting suspension 3 is larger than 0.9 times of the minimum distance between the two adjacent fixed blocks 22, improves the safety and reliability of the system, and ensures that the superconducting suspension 3 is positioned at the position of the maximum magnetic field gradient by arranging the bottom of the superconducting suspension 3 in parallel with the horizontal plane, thereby providing larger suspension guiding capability for a high-temperature superconducting pinning magnetic levitation train system.
Wherein, the included angle between the permanent magnet track 2 and the horizontal plane is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
According to the invention, through changing the included angle between the permanent magnet track 2 and the horizontal plane, larger suspension guiding capability than a tiled halbach track with the same sectional area can be generated, and the suspension capability and the guiding force rigidity are improved.
Wherein the aspect ratio of the permanent magnet 21 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 2.
According to the invention, the aspect ratio can be adjusted according to the suspension guiding requirement, wherein the guiding force is required to be larger, the large-aspect-ratio magnet is required to be selected, the suspension force is required to be larger, the small-aspect-ratio magnet is required to be selected, fewer magnets are used when the same suspension guiding capability is provided, and the construction cost of the permanent magnet track is greatly reduced.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail, comprising:
The foundation (1), the foundation (1) is provided with a V-shaped groove;
The superconductive suspension device (3), the superconductive suspension device (3) is arranged right above the foundation (1); and the permanent magnet track (2), the permanent magnet track (2) is arranged between the foundation (1) and the superconductive suspension device (3), the permanent magnet track (2) comprises two permanent magnet groups, the two permanent magnet groups are respectively and obliquely arranged on the side walls of the two sides of the V-shaped groove, and the two permanent magnet groups are arranged in a mirror symmetry manner along the perpendicular bisectors of the bottom plate of the V-shaped groove.
2. The V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 1, wherein the superconducting suspension device (3) comprises a low-temperature container (31) and a high-temperature superconducting block (32), the low-temperature container (31) and the high-temperature superconducting block (32) are arranged in a V-shaped structure, the low-temperature container (31) is arranged right above the permanent magnet rail (2), the high-temperature superconducting block (32) is arranged in the low-temperature container (31), side walls on two sides of the high-temperature superconducting block (32) are arranged in parallel with the permanent magnet rail (2), and the bottom of the high-temperature superconducting block (32) is arranged in parallel with a horizontal plane.
3. The V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 1, wherein at least three permanent magnets (21) are arranged in the permanent magnet groups, the number of permanent magnets (21) in each permanent magnet group is an odd number greater than or equal to three, and the sizes of the permanent magnets (21) are the same.
4. A V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 3, characterized in that the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets (21) are arranged in sequence in a halbach array, the magnetization directions of adjacent two permanent magnets (21) being 90 ° apart.
5. A V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 3, characterized in that the magnetization direction of the two permanent magnets (21) of the permanent magnet group near the bottom plate of the V-shaped groove is parallel to the foundation (1).
6. A V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 3, characterized in that the permanent magnet rail (2) further comprises fixing blocks (22), the fixing blocks (22) are provided with two groups, each group of fixing blocks (22) is provided with two blocks, the fixing blocks (22) are fixedly arranged at two ends of the permanent magnet group, and the minimum distance between the two fixing blocks (22) at two adjacent sides of the perpendicular bisector of the bottom plate of the V-shaped groove is smaller than the width of one permanent magnet (21).
7. V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 6, characterized in that the material of the fixing block (22) is a non-magnetically conductive steel plate.
8. V-halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 6, characterized in that the bottom of the superconducting suspension (3) is arranged parallel to the horizontal plane, the width of the bottom of the superconducting suspension (3) being greater than 0.9 times the minimum distance between two adjacent fixed blocks (22).
9. V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of the permanent magnet rail (2) to the horizontal is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
10. A V-shaped halbach permanent magnet rail according to claim 3, characterized in that the aspect ratio of the permanent magnets (21) is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410427708.9A CN118029205B (en) | 2024-04-10 | 2024-04-10 | V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410427708.9A CN118029205B (en) | 2024-04-10 | 2024-04-10 | V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118029205A true CN118029205A (en) | 2024-05-14 |
| CN118029205B CN118029205B (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202410427708.9A Active CN118029205B (en) | 2024-04-10 | 2024-04-10 | V-shaped halbach permanent magnet track |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118029205B (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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