CN118028649A - YT15 hard alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

YT15 hard alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN118028649A
CN118028649A CN202410433687.1A CN202410433687A CN118028649A CN 118028649 A CN118028649 A CN 118028649A CN 202410433687 A CN202410433687 A CN 202410433687A CN 118028649 A CN118028649 A CN 118028649A
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sintering
mixture
hard alloy
content
preparing
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CN118028649B (en
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张龙辉
赖昌洪
钟俊
徐国钻
朱鹏
林丽萍
罗声燕
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Chongyi Zhangyuan Tungsten Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to a YT15 hard alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein 46-46.5wt% of WC, 38-39wt% of TiO 2 and 15-15.5wt% of carbon black are uniformly mixed, then sintered, and crushed by adopting airflow crushing equipment to obtain CK32 duplex carbide; wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC, co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 6.6-7.2 wt% and the content of VC is 0.1-0.2 wt%; and (3) pressing and forming the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering to obtain the YT15 hard alloy. The coercivity of the prepared YT15 hard alloy is 11.0-12.0 KA/m, the hardness is 92.1-92.5 HRA, and the fracture toughness is more than or equal to 9.8kgf/mm 3/2.

Description

YT15 hard alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to YT15 hard alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
YT15 is a tungsten-cobalt-titanium hard alloy, is popular because of its high wear resistance and high hardness, is often used as a cutter material, and is particularly suitable for semi-finish turning and finish turning. The preparation of YT15 cemented carbide typically involves a powder metallurgy process. The process comprises the steps of uniformly mixing raw material powders of tungsten, cobalt, titanium and the like, and then forming the hard alloy through the steps of pressing, sintering and the like. The specific preparation process varies depending on the manufacturer's technology and equipment, but in general, the powder metallurgy process is the main method for preparing YT15 cemented carbide. The existing YT15 hard alloy still has certain defects: firstly, the toughness is insufficient, and although the YT15 hard alloy has high hardness and wear resistance, the toughness is relatively low. This means that it may be easily broken or damaged when subjected to an impact or a heavy load. Secondly, the processing difficulty is high, and the YT15 hard alloy can be relatively difficult to process and cut due to the high hardness of the hard alloy. Special cutting tools and machining techniques are required, which increases manufacturing costs and time. Thirdly, the thermal shock resistance is limited, and the YT15 hard alloy can be limited under the environment of high temperature or abrupt temperature change. This may lead to cracking or failure during use. Fourth, the price is higher, because the preparation process of YT15 hard alloy is complex and the cost of raw materials is higher, the price is relatively higher. This limits its use in some cost-sensitive application areas.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the main purpose of the invention is to provide a YT15 hard alloy and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
A preparation method of YT15 hard alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of CK32 duplex carbide: taking 46-46.5wt% of WC, 38-39wt% of TiO 2 and 15-15.5wt% of carbon black, uniformly mixing, sintering, and crushing by adopting airflow crushing equipment to obtain CK32 complex carbide;
S2, preparing a mixture: wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC, co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 6.6-7.2 wt% and the content of VC is 0.1-0.2 wt%;
S3, sintering: and (3) pressing and forming the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering to obtain the YT15 hard alloy.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the Fisher size of WC is 0.7-0.8 μm.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the sintering process parameters are as follows: the sintering is carried out in a hydrogen environment, the sintering temperature is 2200-2300 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2h.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the technological parameters of airflow disruption are as follows: the crushing pressure is 8-10 mbar, and the rotating speed of the classifying wheel is 1200-2200 r/min.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the Ti content of the CK32 duplex carbide is 31.5-32.5wt%.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the Fisher size of WC is 2.0-2.5 μm.
As a preferable scheme of the preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy, the invention comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the sintering temperature is 1430-1470 ℃, and the sintering time is 40-90 min.
In order to solve the above technical problems, according to another aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
The YT15 hard alloy is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy.
As a preferable scheme of the YT15 hard alloy, the invention comprises the following steps: the coercivity of the YT15 hard alloy is 11.0-12.0 KA/m, the hardness is 92.1-92.5 HRA, and the fracture toughness is more than or equal to 9.8kgf/mm 3/2.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention provides a YT15 hard alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein 46-46.5wt% of WC, 38-39wt% of TiO 2 and 15-15.5wt% of carbon black are uniformly mixed, then sintered, and crushed by an airflow crushing device to obtain CK32 complex carbide; wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC, co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 6.6-7.2 wt% and the content of VC is 0.1-0.2 wt%; and (3) pressing and forming the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering to obtain the YT15 hard alloy. The coercivity of the prepared YT15 hard alloy is 11.0-12.0 KA/m, the hardness is 92.1-92.5 HRA, and the fracture toughness is more than or equal to 9.8kgf/mm 3/2.
Detailed Description
The following description will be made clearly and fully with reference to the technical solutions in the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A preparation method of YT15 hard alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of CK32 duplex carbide: taking 46-46.5wt% of WC, 38-39wt% of TiO 2 and 15-15.5wt% of carbon black, uniformly mixing, sintering, and crushing by adopting airflow crushing equipment to obtain CK32 complex carbide;
S2, preparing a mixture: wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC, co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 6.6-7.2 wt% and the content of VC is 0.1-0.2 wt%;
S3, sintering: and (3) pressing and forming the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering to obtain the YT15 hard alloy.
According to the invention, the CK32 complex carbide is crushed by adopting an airflow crushing mode, so that the solid solution uniformity is good, and the preparation of the alloy is facilitated;
Preferably, in the step S1, the fischer-tropsch particle size of WC is 0.7 to 0.8 μm.
Preferably, in the step S1, sintering process parameters are as follows: the sintering is carried out in a hydrogen environment, the sintering temperature is 2200-2300 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 h.
Preferably, in the step S1, the technological parameters of airflow disruption are: the crushing pressure is 8-10 mbar, and the rotating speed of the classifying wheel is 1200-2200 r/min.
Preferably, in the step S1, the Ti content of the CK32 duplex carbide is 31.5-32.5 wt%.
Preferably, in the step S2, the fischer-tropsch particle size of WC is 2.0 to 2.5 μm.
Preferably, in the step S3, the sintering temperature is 1430-1470 ℃, and the sintering time is 40-90 min. The fracture toughness of YT15 hard alloy prepared by WC with the Fisher particle size of 0.7-0.8 mu m and CK32 duplex carbide prepared by WC with the Fisher particle size of 2.0-2.5 mu m is high; when the cutter prepared from YT15 hard alloy is used for processing a phi 90mm carbon steel blank to phi 42mm, the cutter is fed for 0.35mm/min, and can process 28 pieces at most at one time, so that the service life is greatly prolonged.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
The YT15 hard alloy is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy.
As a preferable scheme of the YT15 hard alloy, the invention comprises the following steps: the coercivity of the YT15 hard alloy is 11.0-12.0 KA/m, the hardness is 92.1-92.5 HRA, and the fracture toughness is more than or equal to 9.8kgf/mm 3/2.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by combining specific embodiments.
Example 1
A preparation method of YT15 hard alloy comprises the following steps:
S1, preparation of CK32 duplex carbide: taking 46wt% of WC, 39wt% of TiO 2 and 15wt% of carbon black, uniformly mixing, sintering, and crushing by adopting airflow crushing equipment to obtain CK32 duplex carbide; the Fisher particle size of WC is 0.7 μm, and the sintering process parameters are as follows: the sintering is carried out in a hydrogen environment, the sintering temperature is 2200 ℃, and the sintering time is 2 hours; the technological parameters of airflow crushing are as follows: the crushing pressure is 8mbar, and the rotating speed of the classifying wheel is 1800r/min; the CK32 complex carbide has a Ti content of 32.45wt%.
S2, preparing a mixture: wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC (Fisher particle size of 2.0 μm), co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 6.6wt% and the content of VC is 0.1wt%;
S3, sintering: and (3) performing compression molding on the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering at the sintering temperature of 1430 ℃ for 90min to obtain the YT15 hard alloy.
The YT15 hard alloy prepared in the embodiment has the coercivity of 11.5KA/m, the hardness of 92.3HRA and the fracture toughness of 9.8kgf/mm 3/2, and when a cutter prepared by the YT15 hard alloy is used for processing a phi 90mm carbon steel blank to phi 42mm, the cutter is fed for 0.35mm/min, so that 26 blanks can be processed.
Example 2
A preparation method of YT15 hard alloy comprises the following steps:
S1, preparation of CK32 duplex carbide: taking 46.5 weight percent of WC, 38 weight percent of TiO 2 and 15.5 weight percent of carbon black, uniformly mixing, sintering, and crushing by adopting airflow crushing equipment to obtain CK32 duplex carbide; the Fisher particle size of WC is 0.8 mu m, and the sintering process parameters are as follows: the sintering is carried out in a hydrogen environment, the sintering temperature is 2300 ℃, and the sintering time is 1h; the technological parameters of airflow crushing are as follows: the crushing pressure is 10mbar, and the rotating speed of the classifying wheel is 1200r/min; the Ti content of the CK32 double carbide was 31.63wt%.
S2, preparing a mixture: wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC (Fisher particle size of 2.5 μm), co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 7.2wt% and the content of VC is 0.20wt%;
S3, sintering: and (3) performing compression molding on the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering at 1470 ℃ for 40min to obtain the YT15 hard alloy.
The YT15 hard alloy prepared in the embodiment has the coercivity of 11.1KA/m, the hardness of 92.2HRA and the fracture toughness of 10.1kgf/mm 3/2, and when a cutter prepared by the YT15 hard alloy is used for processing a phi 90mm carbon steel blank to phi 42mm, the cutter is fed for 0.35mm/min, so that 27 blanks can be processed.
Example 3
A preparation method of YT15 hard alloy comprises the following steps:
S1, preparation of CK32 duplex carbide: taking 46.2 weight percent of WC, 38.5 weight percent of TiO 2 and 15.3 weight percent of carbon black, uniformly mixing, sintering, and crushing by adopting airflow crushing equipment to obtain CK32 duplex carbide; the Fisher particle size of WC is 0.75 μm, and the sintering process parameters are as follows: the sintering is carried out in a hydrogen environment, the sintering temperature is 2250 ℃, and the sintering time is 1.5h; the technological parameters of airflow crushing are as follows: the crushing pressure is 10mbar, and the rotating speed of the classifying wheel is 1500r/min; the Ti content of the CK32 double carbide was 32.15wt%.
S2, preparing a mixture: wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC (Fisher particle size of 2.2 μm), co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 6.8wt% and the content of VC is 0.15wt%;
S3, sintering: and (3) performing compression molding on the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering at 1450 ℃ for 70min to obtain the YT15 hard alloy.
The YT15 hard alloy prepared in the embodiment has the coercivity of 11.9KA/m, the hardness of 92.5HRA and the fracture toughness of 10.65kgf/mm 3/2, and when a cutter prepared by the YT15 hard alloy is used for processing a phi 90mm carbon steel blank to phi 42mm, the cutter is fed for 0.35mm/min, so that 28 blanks can be processed.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 3 is that step S1 was carried out by crushing with a ball mill, and the CK32 double carbide had a Ti content of 32.17wt%.
The coercivity of the YT15 hard alloy prepared in the comparative example is 11.7KA/m, the hardness is 92.4HRA, the fracture toughness is 9.2kgf/mm 3/2, and when a cutter prepared by the YT15 hard alloy is used for processing a phi 90mm carbon steel blank to phi 42mm, the cutter is fed by 0.35mm/min, so that 25 blanks can be processed.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that the Fischer-Tropsch particle size of WC in step S1 is 1.5 μm and the Ti content of CK32 double carbide is 32.16wt%.
The coercivity of the YT15 hard alloy prepared in the comparative example is 11.3KA/m, the hardness is 92.1HRA, the fracture toughness is 9.0kgf/mm 3/2, and when a cutter prepared by the YT15 hard alloy is used for processing a phi 90mm carbon steel blank to phi 42mm, the cutter is fed by 0.35mm/min, so that 23 blanks can be processed.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is that step S1 was crushed by a ball mill, WC had a Fisher size of 1.5 μm and CK32 double carbide had a Ti content of 32.14wt%.
The coercivity of the YT15 hard alloy prepared in the comparative example is 11.1KA/m, the hardness is 92.0HRA, the fracture toughness is 8.5kgf/mm 3/2, and when a cutter prepared by the YT15 hard alloy is used for processing a phi 90mm carbon steel blank to phi 42mm, the cutter is fed by 0.35mm/min, so that 21 blanks can be processed.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 3 is that VC is not added in step S2.
The coercivity of the YT15 hard alloy prepared in the comparative example is 11.0KA/m, the hardness is 91.9HRA, the fracture toughness is 7.8kgf/mm 3/2, and when a cutter prepared by the YT15 hard alloy is used for processing a phi 90mm carbon steel blank to phi 42mm, the cutter is fed by 0.35mm/min, so that 18 blanks can be processed.
From the above examples and comparative examples, 46-46.5wt% of WC, 38-39wt% of TiO 2 and 15-15.5wt% of carbon black are uniformly mixed, sintered, and crushed by an airflow crushing device to obtain CK32 multiple carbide; wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC, co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 6.6-7.2 wt% and the content of VC is 0.1-0.2 wt%; and (3) pressing and forming the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering to obtain the YT15 hard alloy. The coercivity of the prepared YT15 hard alloy is 11.0-12.0 KA/m, the hardness is 92.1-92.5 HRA, and the fracture toughness is more than or equal to 9.8kgf/mm 3/2.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the content of the present invention or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of the YT15 hard alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparation of CK32 duplex carbide: taking 46-46.5wt% of WC, 38-39wt% of TiO 2 and 15-15.5wt% of carbon black, uniformly mixing, sintering, and crushing by adopting airflow crushing equipment to obtain CK32 complex carbide;
S2, preparing a mixture: wet grinding CK32 complex carbide, WC, co, VC, alcohol and paraffin, and spray drying to obtain a mixture, wherein the content of Ti in the mixture is 12wt%, the content of Co is 6.6-7.2 wt% and the content of VC is 0.1-0.2 wt%;
S3, sintering: and (3) pressing and forming the mixture, and then placing the mixture in a pressure sintering furnace for sintering to obtain the YT15 hard alloy.
2. The method for preparing YT15 cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, WC has a fisher particle size of 0.7-0.8 μm.
3. The method for preparing YT15 cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the sintering process parameters are: the sintering is carried out in a hydrogen environment, the sintering temperature is 2200-2300 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 h.
4. The method for preparing YT15 cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the technological parameters of air current crushing are: the crushing pressure is 8-10 mbar, and the rotating speed of the classifying wheel is 1200-2200 r/min.
5. The method for preparing YT15 cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the Ti content of the CK32 complex carbide is 31.5-32.5 wt%.
6. The method for preparing YT15 cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, WC has a fisher particle size of 2.0-2.5 μm.
7. The method for preparing YT15 cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the sintering temperature is 1430-1470 ℃ and the sintering time is 40-90 min.
8. A YT15 cemented carbide, characterized in that it is prepared by the method for preparing a YT15 cemented carbide according to any one of claims 1-7.
9. The YT15 cemented carbide of claim 8, wherein the coercivity of the YT15 cemented carbide is 11.0-12.0 ka/m, the hardness is 92.1-92.5 hra, and the fracture toughness is not less than 9.8kgf/mm 3/2.
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