CN118025760A - Abnormality detection system for belt conveyor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an abnormality detection system for a belt conveyor. The belt conveyor has a plurality of rotatable rollers mounted to the conveyor by a fixed mandrel, each roller having a hollow interior. The system comprises a single optical cable passing through each roller, a light source module and a signal processing module which are respectively connected to one end of the optical cable, wherein the optical cable is positioned outside the rollers, the system further comprises bare optical fibers respectively extending into the hollow of each roller and optical fiber connectors respectively arranged at one end of each roller, the bare optical fibers extend from one end of each roller to the inner of each roller, penetrate through the whole length of the roller and are turned back to one end to be led out, the bare optical fibers are positioned outside the mandrel, the two ends of each bare optical fiber are connected into the optical cable in series through the optical fiber connectors, and the bare optical fibers can rotate inside the rollers. The invention can detect the state of the rotary roller of the conveyor and greatly improve the operation efficiency of the belt conveyor.

Description

Abnormality detection system for belt conveyor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of belt conveyor detection, in particular to an abnormality detection system for a belt conveyor.

Background

Belt conveyors are important equipment for material handling in coal mines, ports, building materials and other large-scale production industries. These conveyors often operate in harsh environments such as high dust, wet, and vibrating environments. These environmental conditions require that the monitoring system of the belt conveyor must have a high degree of reliability and stability.

However, conventional monitoring methods, such as based on vibration, temperature and sound sensors, although to some extent fault detection can be achieved, they are extremely susceptible to environmental disturbances, high maintenance costs, and do not enable long-distance real-time monitoring. The existing coal mining machine is used for monitoring and collecting data in an indirect mode, some structures are prone to electromagnetic interference, and detection accuracy is low.

Because the optical fiber material is not easy to bend and can not rotate, the optical fiber sensing technology can only monitor relatively static equipment and can not detect and be damaged while following the equipment to rotate, and the main detection object of the belt conveyor is a roller, so that the optical fiber sensing technology can not detect the state of rotating equipment on the belt conveyor well.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an anomaly detection system for a belt conveyor that solves or at least alleviates one or more of the problems of the prior art as well as other problems.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an abnormality detection system for a belt conveyor, the rollers being mounted to the conveyor by a fixed mandrel, the belt conveyor having a plurality of rotatable rollers each having a hollow interior, wherein the abnormality detection system includes a single optical cable passing through each of the rollers and a light source module and a signal processing module connected to one end of the optical cable, respectively, the optical cable being located outside the rollers, and further includes bare optical fibers extending respectively inside the hollow interior of each of the rollers and optical fiber connectors provided respectively at one end of each of the rollers, the bare optical fibers extending from one end of the rollers to the inside of the rollers throughout the entire length of the rollers and turning back to the one end to be led out, the bare optical fibers being located outside the mandrel, both ends of each of the bare optical fibers being connected to the optical cable by the optical fiber connector string, the bare optical fibers being rotatable inside the rollers.

In the anomaly detection system as described above, optionally, the optical fiber connector is used for interfacing the bare optical fiber with the core of the optical cable, the optical fiber connector including a fixed end, a rotating end, and a prism; the fixed end is connected with the optical cable, and the rotating end is connected with the bare optical fiber; the prism utilizes a critical angle to realize total internal reflection, so that the direction of emergent light is not changed when parallel light enters, and uninterrupted multi-channel optical signal rotary transmission is realized between the optical cable and the bare optical fiber.

In the abnormality detection system as described above, optionally, the optical fiber connector includes a bearing, and the rotating end and the fixed end are movably connected by the bearing.

In the abnormality detection system as described above, optionally, the rotation rate of the prism is half the rotation rate of the rotation end.

In the anomaly detection system as described above, optionally, the mandrel extends through the entire drum, and the bare optical fiber extends helically back and forth in the hollow interior of the drum, around the mandrel, and proximate the inner wall of the drum.

In the abnormality detection system as described above, alternatively, the spindle is constituted by two independent shaft ends respectively located at both ends of the drum, the hollow interior is located between the two ends, and the bare fiber extends back and forth in the hollow interior of the drum and is rectangular or comb-shaped.

In the abnormality detection system as described above, optionally, the belt conveyor has a frame and the rollers are distributed on the frame, the light source module emits a pulsed laser light source, an optical signal of the light source is transmitted with the optical cable through the bare optical fiber, and the signal processing module analyzes, processes and outputs electrical signal data based on the optical signal.

In the abnormality detection system as described above, optionally, the light source module and the signal processing module are integrated in one box, and the box is located at a nose or a tail of the rack.

In the abnormality detection system as described above, optionally, the roller is a carrier roller or a press roller or a drive roller.

In the foregoing abnormality detection system, optionally, the abnormality detection system further includes a junction box for collecting the optical cable.

The invention provides an abnormality detection system for a belt conveyor, which can detect the state of rotating equipment on the belt conveyor, so that an optical fiber rotates along with the rotating equipment, and the optical fiber connector is connected with an optical cable to realize uninterrupted multi-channel optical signal rotation transmission, thereby having low cost and greatly improving the operation efficiency and safety of the belt conveyor.

Drawings

The present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that these drawings are solely for purposes of illustration and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention. In the figure:

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall construction of an embodiment of an anomaly detection system for a belt conveyor of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing details of the abnormality detection system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic view of a fiber optic connector connection roller in another embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the prism principle of the fiber optic connector;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the optical fibers at the rollers on the conveyor.

Reference numerals: 1-a roller; 2-bare optical fiber; 3-a box body; 4-optical cable; a 5-fiber connector; 6-a line concentration box; 7-a bearing; 8-a rotating end; 9-a fixed end; 10-a belt; 11-mandrel; 12-prism; 13-shaft end.

Detailed Description

The structure, composition, characteristics, advantages, and the like of an abnormality detection system for a belt conveyor of the present invention will be described below by way of example with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, however, all descriptions should not be taken to limit the invention in any way.

Furthermore, to the extent that any individual feature described or implied in the embodiments set forth herein, or any individual feature shown or implied in the figures, the invention still allows any combination or deletion of such features (or equivalents thereof) without any technical hurdle, and further embodiments according to the invention are considered to be within the scope of the disclosure herein.

It should also be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the term "inner" is based on the orientation or positional relationship of the rollers as shown in the drawings, i.e., the description is merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and does not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of an abnormality detection system for a belt conveyor of the present invention.

As can be seen from fig. 1, the belt conveyor may comprise a frame and sets of rotatable drums 1 arranged side by side in the conveying direction of the belt 10, which rotatable drums 1 may be mounted to the conveyor by means of spindles 11. The mandrel 11 may mount the roller 1 to the frame of the conveyor, the roller 1 being rotatable while the mandrel 11 is fixed against rotation. In this embodiment, the plurality of sets of rotatable drums 1 may be idlers or rollers or drive rollers. The rollers 1 shown in fig. 1 are a plurality of carrier rollers configured in a "concave" shape on a vertical plane, and the belt 10 is arranged in the conveying direction to fit the surface of each roller 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the belt conveyor may have hollow rotatable drums 1 distributed over the frame. The roller 1 may be used to carry the belt 10 and the roller 1 rotates as the belt 10 travels during the belt 10 transport. Because the carrier roller is a main part of the belt conveyor with mechanical failure in the process of conveying materials by the belt conveyor, when the carrier roller fails due to skin abrasion, bearing abrasion or bending deformation, the connection between the carrier roller and the carrier roller, namely the connection between the rotating shaft, namely the shaft core 1 of the carrier roller and the carrier roller bracket, is often reflected by abnormal temperature and vibration parameters. In alternative embodiments, the roller 1 may be another object to be measured, such as, but not limited to, a press roll, a drive roll, etc.

The abnormality detection system for a belt conveyor shown in fig. 1 may include the belt conveyor described above, a bare optical fiber 2, an optical cable 4, a light source module, and a signal processing module. The light source module and the signal processing module are installed in the case 3.

In this embodiment, the bare fibers 2 extend respectively inside the hollow of each of the rollers 1 and are rotatable within the rollers 1, for example, so as to follow the rollers 1. At one end of each of the rollers 1, an optical fiber connector 5 is provided for terminating an optical cable 4 with the bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the bare fibers 2 may extend from one end of the drum 1 to the inside of the drum 1, extend through the entire length of the drum 1, and be led back to the one end, and both ends of each bare fiber 2 are connected in series to the optical cable 4 through the fiber connector 5.

In order to further maintain the stability and safety of the anomaly detection system, the optical cable 4 is a bare optical fiber armored by a protection structure, and the optical core wrapped inside the optical cable 4 may include a plurality of bare optical fibers. However, in this embodiment, the fiber core of the optical cable 4 is one and is terminated with one bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1, so as to transmit signals outside the roller 1, so that the fiber core is not damaged by environmental factors such as dust, moisture, etc., the maintenance cost is low, and long-distance real-time detection can be realized. The signals can be transmitted as long as the bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1 is in butt joint with the fiber core inside the optical cable 4. The single optical cable 4 passes through the outside of each roller 1, the optical cable 4 is connected with the two turning-back ends of one bare optical fiber 2 through each optical fiber connector 5, so that the optical cable is reciprocated, all the bare optical fibers 2 turned back inside the rollers 1 are sequentially connected in series, and a single optical path is integrally formed. The same end of the optical cable 4 of the optical path is respectively connected with a light source module and a signal processing module, the light source module emits a pulse laser light source, the signal processing module detects the light signal reflected by refraction to judge abnormality, and the signal processing module analyzes, processes and outputs electric signal data based on the light signals transmitted by the bare optical fiber 2 and the optical cable 4. The light source module and the signal processing module are integrated in the same box body 3, and one end of the optical cable 2 is connected with the box body 3. In alternative embodiments, the box 3 may be located at the nose or tail of the frame. The specific structure and principle of the optical fiber connector 5 will be described in detail in the embodiments shown in fig. 3 and 4.

In an alternative embodiment, the case 3 may be a fiber optic demodulator, and the laser light source may also be directly provided by a light source module inside the fiber optic demodulator.

The bare optical fiber 2 is stretched into the roller 1 of the belt conveyor, the sensitivity of the bare optical fiber 2 to vibration and temperature is increased through different arrangement modes, the optical cable 4 is connected to the bare optical fiber 2 in the roller 1 in an end-to-end mode outside the roller 1, the optical cable 4 is arranged beside a rack of the belt conveyor, the same end of the optical cable 4 is connected with the light source module and the signal processing module, the whole is formed into a DAS (distributed acoustic sensing) system, and the anomaly detection system can detect almost every point along the belt conveyor and on each roller 1 based on a phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (phi-OTDR) technology.

When the laser light source is utilized to transmit the light pulse in the bare optical fiber 2 through the bare optical fiber 2, the light pulse interacts with the vibration signal in the bare optical fiber 2, so that the phase of the light pulse changes, and the abnormal detection system can continuously provide vibration, sound and temperature information on the conveying system by utilizing the information of the phase changes, so that the running state of the roller 1 is detected, and fault points are identified and positioned in real time, thereby greatly improving the running efficiency and safety of the belt conveyor. The bare fiber 2 can be used to more sensitively detect data such as temperature, strain, stress, vibration, displacement, etc., than the armored fiber optic cable 4.

The optical fiber and the optical cable 2 and 4 can transmit optical signals, the optical fiber and the optical cable and 4 are connected in series to form an optical path, the optical signal is detected and transmitted inside the roller 1 by the optical fiber and 2, the optical signal is transmitted outside the roller 1 by the optical cable and 4, the signal processing module is used for receiving and analyzing the optical signal detected by the optical cable and 2 from the optical fiber and 2 inside the roller 1, and converting the spectral change detected by the optical fiber and 2 into the actually measured temperature, strain or vibration measurement value of the roller 1, and transmitting the temperature, strain or vibration measurement value to the monitoring equipment or the monitoring host in an electric signal mode. The monitoring device or the monitoring host may be connected to the signal processing module by a cable.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the details of the abnormality detection system in fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 2, the bare fiber 2 extends back and forth in the hollow interior of the roller 1 and is arranged in a rectangular or comb shape, and the arrangement can enable the bare fiber 2 to detect vibration and temperature of the surface of the roller 1 and detect shaft temperature and vibration of the roller 1. The bent length of bare fiber 2 is terminated at both ends and at a point to an external optical cable 4 by a fiber optic connector 5. In addition, in an alternative embodiment, the bare optical fiber 2 may be disposed close to the inner wall of the roller 1 to accurately detect the surface vibration and temperature of the roller 1, and may also extend in a spiral back and forth manner inside the hollow of the roller 1 and close to the inner wall of the roller 1.

In an alternative embodiment, the bare fiber 2 may also run inside the roller 1 throughout the entire length of the roller 1, in a straight or spiral or S-shaped distribution. The linear distribution has the advantage of being convenient to assemble, takes the axial direction of the roller 1 as the longitudinal direction, takes the radial direction of the roller 1 as the transverse direction, and the S-shaped distribution can be transversely distributed or longitudinally distributed. The S-shaped, especially spiral distribution can enable the bare optical fiber 2 to measure vibration temperature of each circumferential azimuth angle, and the part of the bare optical fiber 2 close to the inner wall of the roller 1 can detect vibration and temperature of the surface of the roller 1.

It should be noted that the bare fiber 2 does not have to be wound around the mandrel 11 of the roller, and the mandrel 11 of the roller remains stationary while the roller 1 rotates. The bare fiber 2 may be distributed outside the mandrel 11 of the drum and may be rotatable, for example, to follow the drum 1. In the example of fig. 2, the mandrel 11 may be constituted by two separate shaft ends 13, located at the two ends of the roller 1, respectively, the hollow interior of the roller being located between the two said shaft ends 13. Only one shaft end 13 is shown in fig. 2. The drum 1 is supported by two separate shaft ends 13 and is rotatable. In this way, the mandrel 11 does not occupy the hollow interior space of the roller, and the arrangement and configuration of the bare optical fiber 2 in the roller 1 are more convenient.

The bare optical fiber 2 can transmit signals while rotating through the optical fiber connector 5, and the rotating roller 1 is monitored. The specific construction of the fiber optic connector 5 and how it cooperates with the roller 1 will be described in detail in the embodiment shown in fig. 3.

Each of the drums 1 comprises an end interface, which is a port where the bare optical fiber 2 inside the drum 1 is butted with the core of the external optical cable 4. The fiber optic connector 5 is mounted at an end of the drum 1, such as an end interface, for terminating the fiber optic cable 4 to the bare optical fiber 2 inside the drum 1.

A cluster box 6 as shown in fig. 2 may also be included in the anomaly detection system. The concentration box 6 may be disposed between each adjacent roller 1, and the inside of the box may wind the optical cable 4 for collection for a plurality of turns for extending the wire between the optical fiber connector 5 and the optical cable 4 or collecting the optical cable 4. When the optical cable 4 outside the roller 1 is not long enough, the optical cable 4 inside the line concentration box 6 stretches out enough length to enable the bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1 to be connected with the optical cable 4, so that long-distance real-time detection is realized. In an alternative embodiment, the hub 6 is freely adjustable in orientation and angle so that the optical cable 4 inside the hub 6 interfaces with the bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1.

In this embodiment, although the shape of the cluster tool 6 shown in fig. 2 is a circle, the cluster tool 6 of the present invention is not limited to a circle, but may be other shapes. The specific shape and size can be adjusted according to the actual working environment. Moreover, the line concentration box 6 can be a shell made of heat insulation materials, so that inaccurate detection data caused by heat dissipation of the roller 1 is avoided.

As shown in fig. 2, the hub 6 and the end interface of the roller 1 may be further connected and fixed by a supporting mechanism, and may be implemented by using bolts or other fastening structures during the assembly process, so as to further ensure stability and safety of the optical cable 4, and improve assembly efficiency and easy operation.

Fig. 3 is a detailed schematic view of a fiber optic connector connection roller in another embodiment.

As shown in fig. 3, the optical fiber connector 5 has a rotating end 8, a fixed end 9, and a bearing 7. The rotating end 8 and the fixed end 9 are movably connected through the bearing 7, the bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1 is connected to the rotating end 8, and the optical cable 4 is connected to the fixed end 9. The rotary end 8 is in supporting butt joint with the rotary roller 1, the fixed end 9 is fixedly connected with a core shaft 11 of the roller 1, and the fixed end 9 is fixed on a frame of the belt conveyor.

In this embodiment, the end surfaces of the rotating end 8, the bearing 7 and the fixed end 9 of the fiber optic connector 5 remain identical and coaxial for terminating and coupling the end surface of the bare fiber 2 inside the roller 1 with the core of the fiber optic cable 4 for transmitting signal data. In an alternative embodiment, a collimator may be further included in the optical fiber connector 5, where the collimator is used to perform beam expansion and butt joint at the rotating end 8 and the fixed end 9, and collect the optical signal into the core of the bare optical fiber 2 or the optical cable 4, so as to further ensure accurate coupling between the bare optical fiber 2 and the optical cable 4 and accurate transmission of the signal.

It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, a prism 12 is disposed in the optical fiber connector 5, and how the specific prism 12 functions and its principle will be described in detail in the embodiment shown in fig. 4.

When the bare fiber 2 rotates along with the roller 1, the rotating end 8 of the fiber connector 5 connected to the bare fiber 2 rotates along with the roller 1, while the fixed end 9 of the fiber connector 5 and the optical cable 4 connected thereto remain stationary.

The design of the bearing 7 in the optical fiber connector 5 can prevent the terminated optical cable 4 from being influenced by rotating equipment, and avoid damage to the optical cable 4 caused by rotating the roller 1.

In this embodiment, the bare fiber 2 is laid around a mandrel 11 inside the drum 1 and turned back, which is turned back from one end of the drum 1 to the other, back into the fiber optic cable 4 through the fiber optic connector 5. The mandrel 11 may extend through the entire roller to mount the roller to the conveyor.

When the number of the folded bare fibers 2 is increased, the coverage area of the bare fibers 2 and the roller 1 to be tested is increased, the heat conduction efficiency is improved, and the detection is more accurate. The bare fiber 2 may be wrapped around or laid near the roll mandrel 11 if the vibration, temperature of the roll mandrel 11 is to be measured, and the bare fiber 2 may be laid near the roll surface if the vibration, temperature of the roll surface is to be measured. Any part of the bare fiber 2 can effectively detect the temperature and vibration data of the roller 1.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the same bare fiber 2 is continuously laid inside the plurality of rollers 1, and a person skilled in the art may set a specific arrangement shape according to an actual arrangement space and a detection requirement.

In the invention, the bare optical fiber 2 and the optical fiber core inside the optical cable 4 and the connection mode of the bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1 and the bare optical fiber 2 inside the line concentration box 6 are mechanical butt coupling instead of welding, so that the independent degrees of freedom of the bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1 and the optical cable 4 are maintained, the optical cable 4 is fixed, the bare optical fiber 2 inside the roller 1 can rotate along with the roller 1, the rotating bare optical fiber 2 and the optical cable 4 butt-joint and transmit signals through the end face of the optical fiber connector 5, and the detection and transmission of the optical fiber sensing on the state of the rotating equipment are realized.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the prism principle of the optical fiber connector.

In this embodiment, the fiber optic connector 5 supports multi-channel transmission.

The prism 12 uses a critical angle to realize total internal reflection of light, so that the direction of emergent light is not changed when parallel light enters, and thus, uninterrupted multi-channel optical signal rotation transmission can be realized between the optical cable 4 and the bare optical fiber 2.

As shown in fig. 4, when light is incident in parallel from one end of the prism 12 in a direction parallel to the bottom surface of the prism 12, the light is refracted twice and reflected once and then is emitted in parallel in the same direction. As shown in fig. 4 (a), after the incident light passes through the prism 12, the imaging is turned upside down, that is, in the characteristic direction of the prism 12, the image in the outgoing direction is the inverted image of the image in the incident direction, that is, the light incident in the right-hand coordinate becomes the left-hand coordinate system at the outgoing end. When the prism 12 is rotated 90 ° around the optical axis, the image is also rotated around the optical axis, and the image is turned upside down. As shown in fig. 4 (b), when the rotation angle of the prism 12 about the optical axis is 180 °, the image in the outgoing direction and the image in the incoming direction are kept coincident. Thus, when the incident light is rotated about the axis while the prism 12 is rotated at half the angular velocity of the incident light rotation, the position of the outgoing light remains unchanged.

In this embodiment, the prism 12 is kept rotating in the same direction as the rotating end 8 inside the optical fiber connector 5, and the rotation rate of the prism 12 is half the rotation rate of the rotating end 8 of the optical fiber connector 5.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the optical fibers at the rollers on the conveyor. The embodiment shown in fig. 5 (a) shows that the same optical cable 4 of the detection system is continuously arranged on one side of the edge of each carrier roller from the head to the tail along the conveying direction of the belt 10, and then continuously arranged from the tail back to the head and through the other edge of each carrier roller. The embodiment shown in fig. 5 (b) shows that the same optical cable 4 of the inspection system sequentially passes through three rollers 1 configured in a "concave" shape and then continues through the other three adjacent rollers 1, thus reciprocating, over all the rollers 1. It should be noted that, in the embodiment (a) and the embodiment (b), the arrangement of the bare fibers 2 inside the roller 1 is not shown, so reference may be made to the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and 3, in which the bare fibers 2 are distributed in the space inside the roller 1 and outside the roller mandrel 11. The bare fiber 2 does not pass through the mandrel 11. The mandrel 11 of the roller 1 remains stationary while the roller 1 rotates, and the bare fiber 2 can rotate, for example, along with the roller 1. The termination of the bare optical fiber 2 inside the drum 1 and the optical cable 4 outside the drum 1 is achieved by means of an optical fiber connector 5. In fig. 5, the optical cable 4 passes through each roller 1, and the bare optical fiber 2 extends from one end of the roller 1 into the roller 1 and is folded back from the same end to be terminated with the optical cable 4. The folding back of the bare fiber 2 inside the roller 1 can increase the coverage area for more accurate and sensitive sensing detection. In order to maintain the stability and safety of the detection system, the external wiring of the roller 1 is an optical cable 4. The optical cable 4 is an optical fiber which is armored by the protection structure and is used for transmitting signals outside the roller 1, the fiber core is not damaged by environmental factors such as dust, moisture and the like, electromagnetic interference is not caused, the maintenance cost is low, and long-distance real-time detection can be realized.

The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above description, and those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the above-described embodiments without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and these changes and modifications should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An anomaly detection system for a belt conveyor, the belt conveyor having a plurality of rotatable rollers (1), the rollers (1) being mounted to the conveyor by means of fixed mandrels (11), each roller (1) having a hollow interior, characterized in that the anomaly detection system comprises a single optical cable (4) passing through each roller (1) and a light source module and a signal processing module respectively connected to one end of the optical cable (4), the optical cable (4) being located outside the rollers (1), and the anomaly detection system further comprising a bare optical fiber (2) respectively extending inside the hollow of each roller (1) and an optical fiber connector (5) respectively arranged at one end of each roller (1), the bare optical fiber (2) extending from one end of the roller (1) to the inside of the roller (1) penetrating the entire length of the roller (1) and returning to the one end, the optical fiber (2) being located outside the mandrels (11), the bare optical fiber (2) being able to be connected to the two ends of the optical fiber (1) by means of the optical fiber connector (5).

2. The anomaly detection system of claim 1, wherein the fiber optic connector (5) is configured to interface the bare optical fiber (2) with the core of the optical cable (4), the fiber optic connector (5) comprising a fixed end (9), a rotating end (8) and a prism (12); the fixed end (9) is connected with the optical cable (4), and the rotating end (8) is connected with the bare optical fiber (2); the prism (12) utilizes a critical angle to realize total internal reflection, so that the incidence of parallel light does not change the direction of emergent light, and the optical cable (4) and the bare optical fiber (2) realize uninterrupted multi-channel optical signal rotation transmission.

3. The anomaly detection system of claim 2, wherein the optical fiber connector (5) comprises a bearing (7), the rotating end (8) and the fixed end (9) being movably connected by the bearing (7).

4. The anomaly detection system of claim 2, wherein the rotation rate of the prism (12) is half the rotation rate of the rotating end (8).

5. The anomaly detection system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the mandrel (11) extends throughout the entire drum (1), the bare optical fiber (2) extending helically back and forth in the hollow interior of the drum (1), around the mandrel (11) and proximate to the inner wall of the drum (1).

6. An anomaly detection system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mandrel (11) is constituted by two independent shaft ends (13) located at each end of the drum, the hollow interior being located between the two ends (13), the bare fiber (2) extending back and forth in the hollow interior of the drum (1) and being rectilinear, rectangular, S-shaped or comb-shaped.

7. The anomaly detection system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the belt conveyor has a frame and the rollers (1) are distributed on the frame, the light source module emits a pulsed laser light source, an optical signal of which is transmitted with the optical cable (4) through the bare optical fiber (2), and electrical signal data is processed and output by the signal processing module based on the optical signal analysis.

8. The abnormality detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that the light source module and the signal processing module are integrated in one housing (3), the housing (3) being located at a nose or a tail of the frame.

9. The anomaly detection system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the roller (1) is a carrier roller or a press roller or a drive roller.

10. The anomaly detection system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a junction box (6), the junction box (6) being adapted to collect the optical cables (4).