CN118021831A - 原薯蓣皂苷在作为ace2激动剂中的应用 - Google Patents
原薯蓣皂苷在作为ace2激动剂中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了原薯蓣皂苷在作为ACE2激动剂中的应用。本发明发现原薯蓣皂苷可以提高ACE2酶活性,显示出高ACE2酶活性激动效率,其与ACE2酶形成的附加氢键数量增加,且其对ACE2酶活性的激动效率表现出良好的药物浓度反应。因此,原薯蓣皂苷可以作为一种ACE2激动剂,可用于提高ACE2酶活性的治疗干预,也可用于治疗和/或预防ACE2酶活性低下相关疾病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医学领域中,原薯蓣皂苷在作为ACE2激动剂中的应用。
背景技术
几十年来,人们一直认为肾素-血管紧张素系统(renin-angiotensin system,RAS)在调节血压、体液平衡和心血管功能方面起着至关重要的作用。它主要由三个主要成分组成:肾素(renin)、血管紧张素原(angiotensinogen)和血管紧张素转换酶(angiotensin-converting enzyme,ACE)[1]。在经典肾素-血管紧张素系统中,血管紧张素原经肾素裂解后,生成血管紧张素I(angiotensin I,Ang I)。随后,血管紧张素I在ACE的作用下转化为血管紧张素II(angiotensin II,Ang II)。血管紧张素II与其相应受体结合后产生收缩血管、增高血压、加重炎症等损害机体的作用[2]。然而血管紧张素转化酶2(angiotensin-converting enzyme 2,ACE2)可将Ang II分解为血管紧张素1-7(angiotensin 1–7,Ang-(1-7)),Ang-(1-7)与其G蛋白偶联受体Mas结合后具有扩张血管、抗炎和其他有益代谢的特性[3,4],从而充当RAS的负性调节剂[5,6],发挥保护机体作用。
申请人在研究严重急性呼吸系统综合征与代谢紊乱之间的关系时,重点研究了ACE2[7]。申请人率先报道了ACE2基因敲除小鼠表现出进行性葡萄糖耐量异常,这表明ACE2有可能成为2型糖尿病的新治疗靶点[8]。此外,申请人的一系列综合研究发现,ACE2不仅能调节胰岛β细胞功能,还能增强脂肪组织对葡萄糖的摄取,改善肝脏脂肪变性,抑制骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗[9-11],对代谢性疾病的多个方面均起到有益作用。
2004年,X射线衍射首次确定了人类ACE2晶体结构[12](图1中a、b)。在分辨率分别为和/>的条件下,确定了ACE2的开放构象和与抑制剂结合的闭合构象。与抑制剂诱导的闭合型ACE2相比,开放型ACE2结构显示出明显的铰链弯曲运动,大约为16度,这有利于激动剂关键残基的定位,从而实现有效催化[12]。由于铰链弯曲区域的暴露性质和可塑性,ACE2激动剂极有可能与该区域结合(图1中c)[13,14]。尽管ACE2在治疗代谢紊乱方面具有巨大潜力,而且其酶催化活性位点已得到充分证实,但迄今为止,仍没有获批应用于临床的ACE2激动剂药物。目前较为公认的ACE2激动剂之一是乙酰二氮脒(DIZE)。它在心血管疾病(CVD)的实验模型(如心肌梗塞、高血压和动脉粥样硬化)中显示出有益的作用,但也仅用于动物试验,尚未经过人体实验认证其有效性[25]。本发明旨在运用计算机分子对接技术筛选出高效ACE2激动剂,有望填补本领域研发空白。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种ACE2激动剂。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明首先提供了原薯蓣皂苷(Protodioscin)在体内或体外提高ACE2酶活性中的应用。
本发明还提供了原薯蓣皂苷在作为ACE2激动剂中的应用。
激动剂是能增强另一种分子活性、促进某种反应的药物、酶激动剂和激素一类的分子。对于本发明而言,ACE2激动剂是增强ACE2酶活性的物质,如乙酰二氮脒(DIZE)。
本发明还提供了一种提高细胞中ACE2酶活性的方法,所述方法包括:利用原薯蓣皂苷处理待测细胞,实现细胞中ACE2酶活性的提高。
所述细胞为能表达ACE2的细胞。
上述方法中,利用原薯蓣皂苷处理待测细胞时原薯蓣皂苷的浓度只要能满足使ACE2酶的活性提高即可。具体的原薯蓣皂苷的浓度可大于等于0.5μM。进一步,原薯蓣皂苷的浓度可大于等于1μM。更进一步,原薯蓣皂苷的浓度可大于等于2.5μM。再进一步,原薯蓣皂苷的浓度可大于等于5μM。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述原薯蓣皂苷的浓度为1μM。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,所述原薯蓣皂苷的浓度为2.5μM。
在本发明的再一个实施例中,所述原薯蓣皂苷的浓度为5μM。
本发明还提供了一种产品,所述产品的活性成分为原薯蓣皂苷。
所述产品可用于提高ACE2活性或作为ACE2激动剂。
本发明还提供了原薯蓣皂苷在制备治疗和/或预防ACE2代谢紊乱相关疾病产品中的应用。
本发明还提供了原薯蓣皂苷在制备具有下述任一功能产品中的应用:
X1)扩张血管;
X2)抗炎;
X3)调节胰岛β细胞功能;
X4)增强脂肪组织对葡萄糖的摄取;
X5)抑制骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗;
X6)改善肝脏脂肪变性;
X7)治疗和/或预防心肌梗塞;
X8)治疗和/或预防高血压;
X9)治疗和/或预防动脉粥样硬化。
上述应用中,所述糖尿病可为1型糖尿病或2型糖尿病。所述肝脏脂肪变性包括酒精性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪肝等。
实验证明,原薯蓣皂苷可以提高ACE2酶活性,显示出高ACE2酶活性效率,形成的附加氢键数量高,并表现出对药物浓度的良好反应。因此,原薯蓣皂苷(Protodioscin)可以作为一种ACE2激动剂,可用于提高ACE2活性的治疗干预研究,也可用于治疗和/或预防ACE2紊乱相关疾病。
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述,给出的实施例仅为了阐明本发明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围。以下提供的实施例可作为本技术领域普通技术人员进行进一步改进的指南,并不以任何方式构成对本发明的限制。
附图说明
图1.人ACE2的三维结构。(a)ACE2的开放构象(PDB ID:1R42)。(b)ACE2的闭合构象(PDB ID:1R4L)。(c)ACE2铰链弯曲区域。
图2.Vero E6细胞在四种浓度的原薯蓣皂苷培养24小时后3小时ACE2酶动力学连续分析:5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM(n=4)。
图3.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图4.Vero E6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种原薯蓣皂苷浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)。
图5.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与Vero E6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种盐酸奥昔洛醇浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图6.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与Vero E6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种盐酸非哌西酯浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图7.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与Vero E6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种沙格列汀浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图8.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与Vero E6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种氢溴酸替尼利汀浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图9.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与Vero E6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种罗拉匹坦浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图10.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与VeroE6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种多潘立酮浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图11.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与VeroE6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种噻莫皂苷BII浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图12.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与VeroE6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种大枣皂甙A浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
图13.经细胞活力调整后的ACE2酶促动力学连续分析终值(n=4)(左图)与VeroE6细胞在5μM、2.5μM、1μM、0.5μM四种乙酰二氮脒(DIZE)浓度下培养24小时后的ACE2活性反应速率(n=4)(右图)。抑制剂表示MLN-4760。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂、仪器等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。以下实施例中的定量试验,均设置至少三次重复实验。
Vero E6细胞系已被证实能表达ACE2,并广泛应用于ACE2相关研究[15-17],本发明的整个研究过程中都使用了该细胞系。
细胞培养:
Vero E6细胞在Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium(DMEM,Sigma-Aldrich,St.Louis,MO,USA)培养基中培养,培养基中添加10%(体积百分比)胎牛血清、100U/mL青霉素和100mg/mL链霉素,培养温度为37℃,湿度为5% CO2和95%空气。
细胞活力检测:
细胞活力用细胞计数试剂盒(CCK)(Transgen,Cat.No FC101-04)进行评估。将Vero E6细胞以每孔0.5×104个的密度接种到96孔板中,让细胞粘附至70%汇合。随后,用不同浓度(各浓度均为药物在处理体系中的浓度)的药物处理细胞24小时。其中包括空白对照细胞(即未利用任何药物处理)、用MLN-4760(处理体系中的浓度为10μM)处理的阴性对照细胞和用DIZE(处理体系中的浓度为5μM)处理的阳性对照细胞。药物处理后,在培养基中加入CCK溶液,然后在37℃培养箱中再培养3小时。然后使用酶标仪(Infinite200,TECAN,中国)测量570纳米波长处的吸光度,以平均吸光度作为细胞存活率的指标。根据细胞活力测量结果矫正ACE2活性率。所用酶标仪可以自动将吸光度测定结果直接反应成数值,数值大小即代表细胞活力。ACE2酶活性标准化计算公式:ACE2矫正酶活性=ACE2酶活性荧光数值/细胞活力吸光度数值。
ACE2酶活性测定:
以每孔0.5×104个细胞的密度将Vero E6细胞接种到96孔避光板中,让细胞粘附至70%汇合。然后用不同浓度(即0.5μM,1μM,2.5μM,5μM原薯蓣皂苷)的药物处理细胞24小时,洗脱培养基,将含有5μM特异性底物的100μL缓冲液(pH=7.4,ZnCl2 0.5μM,Tris HCl75mM,NaCl 100mM)加入每个孔中,使用酶标仪(Infinite 200,TECAN,中国)分别在325nm和395nm的激发和发射波长下测量样品发出的荧光,连续测定至少两小时,获得酶促动力学曲线,进而评估药物影响ACE2酶活性的效率。ACE2活性率根据细胞活力测定结果进行矫正。实验设置包括空白对照细胞(即未利用任何药物处理),利用MLN-4760(10μM)处理的细胞作为阴性对照,DIZE(处理体系中的浓度为5μM)处理的细胞作为阳性对照。ACE2在Vero E6细胞系中的活性使用其特异性底物Mca-APK(Dnp)-OH(MCE,订货号HY-P2536)进行测定。
本发明采用方差分析(ANOVA)确定两个或多个类别的平均值之间是否存在显著差异。使用GraphPad Prism 7.0进行统计分析,设定双侧显著性水平。显著性水平表示如下:*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001,****p<0.0001。
原薯蓣皂苷(Protodioscin):Selleck,Cat.NoS3830。
盐酸奥昔洛醇(Oxprenolol HCl):Selleck,Cat.NoS4344。
盐酸非哌西酯(Fipexide hydrochloride):Selleck,Cat.NoS6478。
沙格列汀(Saxagliptin):Selleck,Cat.NoS1540。
氢溴酸替尼利汀(Teneligliptin hydrobromide):Selleck,Cat.NoS4636。
罗拉匹坦(Rolapitant):Selleck,Cat.NoS5476。
多潘立酮(Domperidone):Selleck,Cat.NoS2461。
噻莫皂苷BII(Timosaponin BII):Selleck,Cat.NoS9273。
大枣皂甙A(Jujuboside A):Selleck,Cat.NoS9213。
乙酰二氮脒(DIZE):麦克林,Cat.No536-71-0。
实施例1、可以作为ACE2激动剂的10种化合物的筛选
1.化合物的筛选
发明人综合了基于结构的药物定位方法,探索了潜在的ACE2激动剂,用于治疗ACE2酶活性相关的代谢紊乱。发明人采用了以ACE2为潜在靶点的高通量虚拟对接筛选。首先,将ACE2酶活性部位与大量化合物进行了分子对接,其中包括美国食品药物管理局批准药物库(https://www.selleck.cn/screening/fda-approved-drug-library.html)中的3113个化合物和中药库中的1664个化合物。从大量收集的化合物中,根据对接得分确定了前100个化合物,并进行了细致的实验筛选,以便进一步研究。
随后,对分子对接结果排名前100个化合物进行了体外实验,以验证它们作为ACE2激动剂的实际效果。在筛选出的化合物中,有10种化合物(盐酸奥昔洛醇、乙酰二氮脒(DIZE)、盐酸非哌西酯、沙格列汀、氢溴酸替尼利汀、罗拉匹坦、多潘立酮、原薯蓣皂苷、噻莫皂苷BII和大枣皂甙A)具有ACE2酶活性,发明人进一步对这10种潜在激动剂与ACE2蛋白之间的相互作用进行了逐一研究。
在已鉴定的化合物中,原薯蓣皂苷因其在增强ACE2酶活性方面的显著功效而成为最有前景的候选化合物。此外,原薯蓣皂苷所表现出的额外氢键共轭次数位居第二,进一步表明了其潜在的功效。因此,对原薯蓣皂苷进行了后续更为详尽的实验验证,特别是药物浓度实验。药物浓度实验的结果提供了大量证据,证明原薯蓣皂苷可能是所评估化合物中最有效的ACE2激动剂。
2.ACE2激动剂的体外细胞筛选
对步骤1.1所得所有排名前100位的虚拟分子对接候选化合物进行细胞实验。发明人首先检测了将浓度为100μM和25μM的化合物培养24小时后的细胞存活率。然而,这些药物浓度均导致细胞活力出现统计学意义上的显著下降。随后,发明人将药物浓度降至5μM,进行24小时培养的细胞存活率评估,此时所有100种候选药物对受试细胞均无毒性。
由于分子对接结果排名前100种虚拟分子对接药物在浓度为5μM时不会影响细胞活力,因此后续的ACE2酶活性测定是在此药物浓度下进行的。在5μM浓度下与所有100种药物单独共孵育24小时后,与对照组(仅在不添加任何药物的培养基中培养的细胞)相比,10种候选药物(盐酸奥昔洛醇、乙酰二氮脒(DIZE)、盐酸非哌西酯、沙格列汀、氢溴酸替尼利汀、罗拉匹坦、多潘立酮、原薯蓣皂苷、噻莫皂苷BII和大枣皂甙A)表现出显著的ACE2酶活性。这些发现表明,这十种化合物具有作为ACE2激动剂的潜力。在100种预测的ACE2激动剂中,有20多种化合物的ACE2酶活性平均值高于对照组。然而,统计分析显示,只有10种化合物的活性效力明显增强。因此,在分子对接过程中,ACE2激动剂的阳性率为10%,这表明对接系统是成功的。
3.分子对接分析
为了深入了解十种潜在的ACE2酶促剂与ACE2之间的特定结合模式,发明人使用软件包进行了分子对接计算。这项分析采用了人类ACE2结构(PDB ID:1R42)。纳入对接研究的十种潜在激动剂是盐酸奥昔洛醇、DIZE、盐酸非哌西酯、沙格列汀、氢溴酸替尼利汀、罗拉匹坦、多潘立酮、原薯蓣皂苷、噻莫皂苷BII和大枣皂甙A。
具体而言,盐酸奥昔洛醇与ACE2的Gln98、Gly205和Glu208残基形成三个氢键,对接得分为-3.997kcal/mol。DIZE与ACE2的Asp206、Asn210、Ser563和Glu564残基形成了四个氢键,对接得分为-6.496kcal/mol。盐酸非哌西酯与ACE2的Gln98、Tyr202、Gly205和Asn210残基形成四个氢键,对接得分为-7.771kcal/mol。罗拉匹坦与ACE2的Glu208和Trp566残基形成了三个氢键,对接得分为-8.025kcal/mol。沙格列汀与ACE2的Leu95、Asp206和Glu208残基形成了三个氢键,对接得分为-7.286kcal/mol。氢溴酸替尼利汀与ACE2的Glu564残基形成了一个氢键,对接得分为-6.230kcal/mol。多潘立酮与ACE2的Tyr202残基形成一个氢键,对接得分为-8.699kcal/mol。原薯蓣皂苷通过与Gln98、Gln102、Asp206、Gln208、Asp282、Phe390和Arg393残基的七个氢键与ACE2相互作用,对接得分为-8.032kcal/mol。噻莫皂苷BII与ACE2的Gln98、Tyr202、Gln208、Glu402和Arg514残基建立了9个氢键,对接得分为-7.405kcal/mol。大枣苷A与ACE2的Trp69、Ala99、Tyr385、Arg393、Asn394和Lys562残基形成了六个氢键,对接得分为-7.052kcal/mol。
4.化合物的ACE2激动剂功能验证
原薯蓣皂苷(Protodioscin,如式I所示)是一种甾体皂苷化合物,存在于刺蒺藜、三棱草和三棱草科等多种植物中,作为ACE2激动剂具有显著功效。这一点从它在促进ACE2酶活性方面的高效率和它在形成附加氢键构象方面的实质性参与中可以看出。这些发现共同表明了原薯蓣皂苷作为ACE2激动剂的潜力。
图2中与图3中的结果清楚地表明,随着药物浓度的降低,原薯蓣皂苷的ACE2酶活性激动剂功效也在降低。此外,随着药物浓度的降低,原薯蓣皂苷的ACE2活性反应速率也有所下降(图4)。这些结果支持了这样一种观点,即原薯蓣皂苷可以作为作为ACE2酶活性激动剂。对照组指仅在不含任何药物的培养基中培养的细胞。用MLN-4760(10μM)培养的细胞作为阴性对照。
总之,在测试的浓度中,浓度为5μM的原薯蓣皂苷作为ACE2激动剂的潜力最大。
对于盐酸奥昔洛醇(Oxprenolol HCl,式II)、盐酸非哌西酯(Fipexidehydrochloride,式III)、沙格列汀(Saxagliptin,式IV)、氢溴酸替尼利汀(Teneligliptinhydrobromide,式V)、罗拉匹坦(Rolapitant,式VI)、多潘立酮(Domperidone,式VII)、噻莫皂苷BII(Timosaponin BII,式VIII)、大枣皂甙A(Jujuboside A,式IX)、DIZE(Diminazene,式X),随着药物浓度的降低,ACE2酶活性激动剂功效也均在降低,且随着药物浓度的降低,ACE2活性反应速率也均有所下降(图5-13)。这些结果表明,盐酸奥昔洛醇、盐酸非哌西酯、沙格列汀、氢溴酸替尼利汀、罗拉匹坦、多潘立酮、噻莫皂苷BII、大枣皂甙A、DIZE均可以作为ACE2酶活性激动剂。
盐酸奥昔洛醇:
盐酸非哌西酯:
沙格列汀:
氢溴酸替尼利汀:
罗拉匹坦:
多潘立酮:
噻莫皂苷BII:
大枣皂甙A:
DIZE:
以上对本发明进行了详述。对于本领域技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明的宗旨和范围,以及无需进行不必要的实验情况下,可在等同参数、浓度和条件下,在较宽范围内实施本发明。虽然本发明给出了特殊的实施例,应该理解为,可以对本发明作进一步的改进。总之,按本发明的原理,本申请欲包括任何变更、用途或对本发明的改进,包括脱离了本申请中已公开范围,而用本领域已知的常规技术进行的改变。
参考文献:
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2.Schmieder,R.E.,et al.,Renin-angiotensin system and cardiovascularrisk.Lancet,2007.369(9568):p.1208-19.
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4.Ferrario,C.M.,et al.,Counterregulatory actions of angiotensin-(1-7).Hypertension,1997.30(3Pt 2):p.535-41.
5.Santos,R.A.,et al.,Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2,angiotensin-(1-7)and Mas:new players of the renin-angiotensin system.J Endocrinol,2013.216(2):p.R1-R17.
6.Patel,V.B.,et al.,Role of the ACE2/Angiotensin 1-7Axis of theRenin-Angiotensin System in Heart Failure.Circ Res,2016.118(8):p.1313-26.
7.Yang,J.K.,et al.,Plasma glucose levels and diabetes are independentpredictors for mortality and morbidity in patients with SARS.Diabet Med,2006.23(6):p.623-8.
8.Niu,M.J.,et al.,Loss of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2leads toimpaired glucose homeostasis in mice.Endocrine,2008.34(1-3):p.56-61.
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10.Cao,X.,et al.,The ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis can inhibit hepaticinsulin resistance.Mol Cell Endocrinol,2014.393(1-2):p.30-8.
11.Cao,X.,et al.,ACE2 pathway regulates thermogenesis and energymetabolism.Elife,2022.11.
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13.Fiorillo,B.,et al.,Discovery of Bile Acid Derivatives as PotentACE2 Activators by Virtual Screening and Essential Dynamics.J Chem Inf Model,2022.62(1):p.196-209.
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Claims (8)
1.原薯蓣皂苷在提高ACE2酶活性中的应用。
2.原薯蓣皂苷在作为ACE2激动剂中的应用。
3.一种提高细胞中ACE2酶活性的方法,包括:利用原薯蓣皂苷处理待测细胞,实现细胞中ACE2酶活性的提高。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:利用原薯蓣皂苷处理待测细胞时原薯蓣皂苷的浓度大于等于0.5μM。
5.一种产品,其活性成分为原薯蓣皂苷。
6.原薯蓣皂苷在制备治疗和/或预防ACE2酶活性代谢紊乱相关疾病产品中的应用。
7.原薯蓣皂苷在制备具有下述任一功能产品中的应用:
X1)扩张血管;
X2)抗炎;
X3)调节胰岛β细胞功能;
X4)增强脂肪组织对葡萄糖的摄取;
X5)抑制骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗;
X6)改善肝脏脂肪变性;
X7)治疗和/或预防心肌梗塞;
X8)治疗和/或预防高血压;
X9)治疗和/或预防动脉粥样硬化。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于:所述糖尿病为1型糖尿病或2型糖尿病。
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